1062 lines
158 KiB
XML
1062 lines
158 KiB
XML
<document id="76429AD6A3FB85FE81A87BA25B44A44F" ID-CLB-Dataset="3979" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a82cb38a-03d5-4d23-845c-436529542679" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5572417" ID-ZooBank="F94203E7-FCD1-4975-BAD3-0DF534806712" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1634021882240" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Huys, Rony & Mu, Fanghong" docDate="2021" docId="951887EAFFCEFF8DFF51D61EE7BCFCDD" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5051.1.13.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5051 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.13" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Parastenhelia Thompson & Scott 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="255" masterDocId="6921FF92FFC3FF9EFFC6D318E440FFDB" masterDocTitle="Johnwellsia, a new intertidal genus of Parastenheliidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Taiwan Strait, China, including a review of the family and key to genera" masterLastPageNumber="318" masterPageNumber="236" pageNumber="249" updateTime="1699459569358" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="B03C3542D4FA829CC449E63B8ED2DF40">Johnwellsia, a new intertidal genus of Parastenheliidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Taiwan Strait, China, including a review of the family and key to genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="04E40AB1B508D223ECE98794DE2548FF">Huys, Rony</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A889FC0C94281B86EDA18496BB2C6937">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BBBFBFCBC882A8E61AA25DCC0C5A323F">Mu, Fanghong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A883C934E7839ACCDC0084378E5EF1C5">College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="951887EAFFCEFF8DFF51D61EE7BCFCDD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572429" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189091351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5572429" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:951887EAFFCEFF8DFF51D61EE7BCFCDD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/951887EAFFCEFF8DFF51D61EE7BCFCDD" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
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<subSubSection id="55AB6577FFCEFF93FF51D61EE63CFAFB" box="[151,636,1286,1313]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFCEFF93FF51D61EE63CFAFB" blockId="13.[151,636,1286,1313]" box="[151,636,1286,1313]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
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<heading id="46468190FFCEFF93FF51D61EE63CFAFB" bold="true" box="[151,636,1286,1313]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FF51D61EE63CFAFB" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,636,1286,1313]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FF51D61EE63CFAFB" bold="true" box="[151,636,1286,1313]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
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<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FF51D61EE57FFAFA" bold="true" box="[151,319,1286,1313]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FE80D61FE63CFAFB" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[326,636,1286,1313]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="55AB6577FFCEFF8CFF51D657E12DFB1E" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFCEFF93FF51D657E62CF82A" blockId="13.[151,1437,1359,2033]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">
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||
The description of two Sri Lankan species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FDB4D657E6A5FAB2" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[626,741,1359,1385]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FDB4D657E6A5FAB2" box="[626,741,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FCDED657E73AFAB2" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[792,890,1359,1385]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FCDED657E73AFAB2" box="[792,890,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FC6ED657E089FAB2" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[936,1225,1359,1385]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
marked the start of the historical division of the genus into two groups, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FD3CD66BE710FA57" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[762,848,1395,1420]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FD3CD66BE710FA57" box="[762,848,1395,1420]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group, characterized by a distinctly elongate P1 exp- 2, and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FECFD68FE522FA6A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[265,354,1431,1457]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FECFD68FE522FA6A" box="[265,354,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-group, which unites species with subequal segments in the P1 exopod. Various species have been added since then to either group, almost solely on the basis of P1 morphology, without considering other characters that could be of taxonomic or phylogenetic significance.Attempts to delimit species boundaries within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FB39D6C7E1DCFA22" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[1279,1436,1503,1529]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FB39D6C7E1DCFA22" box="[1279,1436,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have historically been made by two opposing factions,
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FD31D51BE75AF9C7" box="[759,794,1539,1564]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">i.e.</emphasis>
|
||
lumpers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FC41D51BE043F9C6" author="Lang, K." box="[903,1027,1539,1565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" refId="ref75271" refString="Lang, K. (1948) Monographie der Harpacticiden. Vols. 1 - 2. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp." type="book" year="1948">Lang 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FBC8D51BE0CAF9C6" author="Pesta, O." box="[1038,1162,1538,1565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="94 - 177" refId="ref77308" refString="Pesta, O. (1959) Harpacticoiden (Crust. Copepoda) aus submarinen Hohlen und den benachbarten Litoralbezirken am Kap von Sorrent (Neapel). Ergebnisse der osterreichischen Tyrrhenia Expedition 1952. Teil: VI. Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli, 30 (Supplement), 94 - 177." type="journal article" year="1959">Pesta 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FB52D51BE177F9C6" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1172,1335,1539,1565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FA87D51BE546F99A" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FED7D53FE5E2F99A" author="Mielke, W." box="[273,418,1575,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref75739" refString="Mielke, W. (1974) Eulitorale Harpacticoidea (Copepoda) von Spitzbergen. Mikrofauna des Meeresbodens, 37, 1 - 52" type="journal article" year="1974">Mielke 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FE6AD53FE5A5F99A" author="Mielke, W." box="[428,485,1575,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="157 - 167" refId="ref75763" refString="Mielke, W. (1990) A Parastenhelia species from Bahia Lapataia, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Microfauna marina, 6, 157 - 167." type="journal article" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) versus splitters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FD6FD53FE779F99A" author="Sewell, R. B. S." box="[681,825,1575,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="117 - 382" refId="ref79753" refString="Sewell, R. B. S. (1940) Copepoda, Harpacticoida. The John Murray Expedition 1933 - 1934 Scientific Reports, 7 (2), 117 - 382." type="journal article" year="1940">Sewell 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FC82D53FE7F3F99A" author="Gee, J. M." box="[836,947,1575,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="2611 - 2651" refId="ref71824" refString="Gee, J. M. (2006) Parastenheliidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Isles of Scilly. Journal of natural History, 40, 2611 - 2651. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601108194" type="journal article" year="2006">Gee 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FC78D53FE086F99A" author="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S." box="[958,1222,1574,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="121 - 127" refId="ref75081" refString="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S. (2015) A new species of Parastenhelia Thompson & A. Scott, 1903 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Parastenheliidae) from Turkey. Biharean Biologist, 9, 121 - 127." type="journal article" year="2015">Kuru & Karaytuğ 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Proponents of the first school of thought were primarily influenced by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FD20D553E731F9BE" author="Lang, K." box="[742,881,1611,1637]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" refId="ref75271" refString="Lang, K. (1948) Monographie der Harpacticiden. Vols. 1 - 2. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp." type="book" year="1948">Lang (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who basically considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FB5DD553E14DF9BF" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1179,1293,1611,1636]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FB5DD553E14DF9BF" box="[1179,1293,1611,1636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
an amalgam of forms in which the middle segment of the exopod of P1 is at least four times as long as broad.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FACED577E4A2F976" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FE59D58BE650F977" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[415,528,1683,1708]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FE59D58BE650F977" box="[415,528,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. spinosa</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as revised by Lang, is one of the most variable species of harpacticoids, and that no clearcut distinctions can be made between the various forms that he included. Unfortunately, the adoption of his system as the best approach to the complex taxonomy of the genus has generated tremendous confusion.An extreme example is presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FE61D5E7E62CF8C1" author="Vervoort, W." box="[423,620,1791,1818]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort’s (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
unwarranted recognition of extreme variability in specimens attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FF51D43BE548F8E7" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[151,264,1827,1852]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FF51D43BE548F8E7" box="[151,264,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFCEFF93FEB4D43BE66BF8E6" box="[370,555,1827,1853]" name="Micronesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
. His grouping of two different forms – one with subequal exopodal segments in the P1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FF28D45FE507F8BA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[238,327,1863,1889]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FF28D45FE507F8BA" box="[238,327,1863,1889]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFCEFF93FE88D45FE5C2F8BA" box="[334,386,1863,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">type</typeStatus>
|
||
), the other with a distinctly elongate P1 exp-2 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FC52D45FE7AAF8BB" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[916,1002,1863,1888]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FC52D45FE7AAF8BB" box="[916,1002,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFCEFF93FC37D45FE065F8BA" box="[1009,1061,1863,1889]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">type</typeStatus>
|
||
; note that his Fig. 70b depicts the exopod not the exopod as stated in the figure legend) – into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FCF6D473E7E1F85F" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[816,929,1899,1924]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FCF6D473E7E1F85F" box="[816,929,1899,1924]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
defies any serious attempts to delimit species boundaries in the genus. As pointed out by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCEFF93FDB8D497E70FF872" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C." box="[638,847,1935,1961]" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref82409" refString="Wells, J. B. J., Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C. (1982) Common harpacticoid copepods from New Zealand harbours and estuaries. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 9, 151 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1982.10423847" type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Wells
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FD03D497E6BDF872" box="[709,765,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1982)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the relative stability displayed by the proportions of the P1 exopodal segments in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FE1BD4ABE60FF817" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[477,591,1971,1996]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FE1BD4ABE60FF817" box="[477,591,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must invalidate Vervoort’s inclusion of a form which by his own admission approaches
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCEFF93FEDAD4CFE5D1F82A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[284,401,2007,2033]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="249" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCEFF93FEDAD4CFE5D1F82A" box="[284,401,2007,2033]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="249">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in several respects.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="49CE6674FFCDFF90FF51D40CE7BFF83B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572433" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5572433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572433/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" startId="14.[151,250,1812,1836]" targetBox="[249,1337,188,1787]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFCDFF90FF51D40CE7BFF83B" blockId="14.[151,1437,1424,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FF51D40CE553F8F7" bold="true" box="[151,275,1812,1836]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Sexual dimorphism of P2 (A–E) and P4 (F–G) endopodal segmentation and armature within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FB36D40CE1D9F8F7" authorityName="Lang" authorityYear="1936" box="[1264,1433,1812,1836]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Parastenheliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FF71D421E599F88B" authority="(Kunz, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Kunz" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[183,473,1848,1872]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Foweya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tertia">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FF71D421E506F88B" box="[183,326,1849,1872]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Foweya tertia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FE93D420E591F88B" author="Kunz, H." box="[341,465,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="179 - 212" refId="ref75043" refString="Kunz, H. (1975) Copepoda Harpacticoida aus dem Litoral des sudlichen Afrika. I. Teil. Kieler Meeresforschungen, 31, 179 - 212, pls. 1 - 30 (unpaginated)." type="journal article" year="1975">Kunz, 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; B,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FDC5D420E7D8F88B" authority="(Pallares, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="Pallares" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[515,920,1848,1872]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costata" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FDC5D420E6AFF88B" box="[515,751,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Microthalestris costata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FD3BD420E7D1F88B" author="Pallares, R. E." box="[765,913,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="3 - 39" refId="ref77142" refString="Pallares, R. E. (1982) Copepodos harpacticoides marinos de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). IV. Bahia Thetis. Contribucion cientifica del Centro de Investigacion de Biologia marina, Buenos Aires, 186, 3 - 39, pls. I - XII." type="journal article" year="1982">Pallares, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FC59D420E054F88B" bold="true" box="[927,1044,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FC59D420E054F88B" box="[927,1044,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FBE5D421E0E6F88B" box="[1059,1190,1848,1872]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FBE5D421E0E6F88B" box="[1059,1190,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">M. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FB68D420E140F88B" bold="true" box="[1198,1280,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FB68D420E140F88B" box="[1198,1280,1848,1872]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FAC8D420E5A5F8AF" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FAC8D420E499F8AF" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Parastenhelia similis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FF26D444E5A5F8AF" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[224,485,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FE37D445E6EAF8AF" box="[497,682,1884,1908]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willemvervoorti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FE37D445E6EAF8AF" box="[497,682,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">P. willemvervoorti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FD74D444E744F8AF" bold="true" box="[690,772,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FD74D444E744F8AF" box="[690,772,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FCD4D444E159F8AF" authority="(Song, Kim & Chang, 2003)" baseAuthorityName="Song, Kim & Chang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" box="[786,1305,1884,1908]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Porirualia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyriformis" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FCD4D444E7AEF8AF" box="[786,1006,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Porirualia pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FC3AD444E152F8AF" author="Song, S. J. & Kim, W. & Chang, C. Y." box="[1020,1298,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="221 - 228" refId="ref80220" refString="Song, S. J., Kim, W. & Chang, C. Y. (2003) A new species of Parastenhelia (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Parastenheliidae) from Korea. Zoological Science, 20, 221 - 228. https: // doi. org / 10.2108 / zsj. 20.221" type="journal article" year="2003">Song, Kim & Chang, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FAE6D444E1D5F8AF" bold="true" box="[1312,1429,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FAE6D444E1D5F8AF" box="[1312,1429,1884,1908]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FF72D498E5CBF843" box="[180,395,1920,1944]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Johnwellsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartita" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FF72D498E5CBF843" box="[180,395,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Johnwellsia bipartita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FE57D498E5A0F843" bold="true" box="[401,480,1920,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FE57D498E5A0F843" box="[401,480,1920,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FDCDD498E0A9F843" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov (1973)" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[523,1257,1920,1944]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FDCDD498E6AFF843" box="[523,751,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Parastenhelia hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FD32D498E7B2F843" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[756,1010,1920,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FC31D499E06FF843" box="[1015,1071,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FBF2D498E0A9F843" author="Apostolov, A." box="[1076,1257,1920,1944]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FAC8D498E597F867" authority="Wells & Rao, 1987" authorityName="Wells & Rao" authorityYear="1987" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligochaeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FAC8D498E54FF867" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Parastenhelia oligochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FED2D4BCE597F867" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[276,471,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; F,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FE3ED4BCE728F867" authority="(Gee, 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Gee" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[504,872,1956,1980]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbosa" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FE3ED4BCE6A9F867" box="[504,745,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Microthalestris bulbosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FD31D4BCE720F867" author="Gee, J. M." box="[759,864,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="2611 - 2651" refId="ref71824" refString="Gee, J. M. (2006) Parastenheliidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Isles of Scilly. Journal of natural History, 40, 2611 - 2651. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601108194" type="journal article" year="2006">Gee, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FCABD4BCE7A0F867" bold="true" box="[877,992,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FCABD4BCE7A0F867" box="[877,992,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FC2BD4BCE160F867" box="[1005,1312,1956,1980]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willemvervoorti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FC2BD4BCE160F867" box="[1005,1312,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Parastenhelia willemvervoorti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FAE1D4BCE136F867" bold="true" box="[1319,1398,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FAE1D4BCE136F867" box="[1319,1398,1956,1980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
; G,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FF51D4D0E666F83B" authority="(Pallares, 1982)" baseAuthorityName="Pallares" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[151,550,1992,2016]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FF51D4D0E53FF83B" box="[151,383,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Microthalestris minuta</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFCDFF90FE4BD4D0E65FF83B" author="Pallares, R. E." box="[397,543,1992,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" pagination="3 - 39" refId="ref77142" refString="Pallares, R. E. (1982) Copepodos harpacticoides marinos de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). IV. Bahia Thetis. Contribucion cientifica del Centro de Investigacion de Biologia marina, Buenos Aires, 186, 3 - 39, pls. I - XII." type="journal article" year="1982">Pallares, 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FDEAD4D0E6E0F83B" bold="true" box="[556,672,1992,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FDEAD4D0E6E0F83B" box="[556,672,1992,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFCDFF90FD6BD4D0E7E8F83B" authorityName="sensu Willey" authorityYear="1935" box="[685,936,1992,2016]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Penicillicaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFCDFF90FD6BD4D0E7E8F83B" box="[685,936,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="250">Penicillicaris penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFCDFF90FC69D4D0E7BFF83B" box="[943,1023,1992,2016]" pageId="14" pageNumber="250" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD3FF8EFF01D38FE1C0FE51" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">
|
||
In his search of apomorphies that could define the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFCA1D38FE044FF6A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[871,1028,151,177]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFCA1D38FE044FF6A" box="[871,1028,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a monophyletic lineage,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFA8BD38FE4A2FF0E" author="Mielke, W." pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="157 - 167" refId="ref75763" refString="Mielke, W. (1990) A Parastenhelia species from Bahia Lapataia, Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). Microfauna marina, 6, 157 - 167." type="journal article" year="1990">Mielke (1990)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
highlighted the significance of the sexual dimorphism of the P3 endopod, involving the transformation of the outer spine on the distal segment into a fused apophysis and a reduction in the number of inner setae (to one in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF51D21BE54DFEC6" baseAuthorityName="Gee" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[151,269,259,285]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF51D21BE54DFEC6" box="[151,269,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. bulbosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and none in all other species) (Fig. 7). The absence of this character in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFB87D21BE0F3FEC6" baseAuthorityName="Apostolov" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[1089,1203,259,285]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB87D21BE0F3FEC6" box="[1089,1203,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFB2DD21BE1DCFEC7" authorityName="Wells, Hicks & Coull" authorityYear="1982" box="[1259,1436,259,284]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Porirualia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megarostrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB2DD21BE1DCFEC7" box="[1259,1436,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. megarostrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
led him to claim that they do not belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFDBBD23FE75AFE9A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[637,794,295,321]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFDBBD23FE75AFE9A" box="[637,794,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This view was corroborated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFB4DD23FE14DFE99" author="Gee, J. M." box="[1163,1293,295,322]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="2611 - 2651" refId="ref71824" refString="Gee, J. M. (2006) Parastenheliidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Isles of Scilly. Journal of natural History, 40, 2611 - 2651. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601108194" type="journal article" year="2006">Gee (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who moved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF51D253E549FEBE" baseAuthorityName="Apostolov" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[151,265,331,357]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF51D253E549FEBE" box="[151,265,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. reducta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFEF7D253E666FEBE" box="[305,550,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">species incertae sedis</emphasis>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD8AD253E687FEBE" authorityName="Noodt" authorityYear="1964" box="[588,711,331,357]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Karllangia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD8AD253E687FEBE" box="[588,711,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Karllangia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD37D253E737FEBE" authorityName="Monard" authorityYear="1935" box="[753,887,331,357]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Thalestrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD37D253E737FEBE" box="[753,887,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Thalestrella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and suggested that both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFB5BD253E10EFEBF" authorityName="Wells, Hicks & Coull" authorityYear="1982" box="[1181,1358,331,356]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Porirualia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megarostrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB5BD253E10EFEBF" box="[1181,1358,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. megarostrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFA4ED253E54CFE52" baseAuthorityName="Song, Kim & Chang" baseAuthorityYear="2003" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Porirualia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFA4ED253E54CFE52" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. pyriformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be assigned to one or more new genera, a course of action that is formalized here (see below).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD3FF8EFF01D28BE6F1FCCD" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">
|
||
Various authors have pointed out that a revision of the genus is hampered by the taxonomic confusion surrounding its alleged
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD3FF8EFE62D2AFE594FE0A" box="[420,468,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFDF1D2AFE6EBFE0B" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[567,683,439,464]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFDF1D2AFE6EBFE0B" box="[567,683,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD7CD2AFE722FE0A" author="Vervoort, W." box="[698,866,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFCA9D2AFE007FE0A" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[879,1095,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFB92D2AFE086FE0A" author="Gee, J. M." box="[1108,1222,439,465]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="2611 - 2651" refId="ref71824" refString="Gee, J. M. (2006) Parastenheliidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Isles of Scilly. Journal of natural History, 40, 2611 - 2651. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601108194" type="journal article" year="2006">Gee 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFB15D2AFE494FE2E" author="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S." pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="121 - 127" refId="ref75081" refString="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S. (2015) A new species of Parastenhelia Thompson & A. Scott, 1903 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Parastenheliidae) from Turkey. Biharean Biologist, 9, 121 - 127." type="journal article" year="2015">Kuru & Karaytuğ 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, it has recently come to light that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD01D2C3E724FE2E" author="Lang, K." box="[711,868,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" refId="ref75271" refString="Lang, K. (1948) Monographie der Harpacticiden. Vols. 1 - 2. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp." type="book" year="1948">Lang’s (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
fixation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFC21D2C3E018FE2F" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[999,1112,475,500]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFC21D2C3E018FE2F" box="[999,1112,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD3FF8EFB63D2C3E095FE2E" box="[1189,1237,475,501]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was invalid since it was not originally included (ICZN Art. 69.2) and that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFCDCD2E7E7D0FDC2" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[794,912,511,537]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFCDCD2E7E7D0FDC2" box="[794,912,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had already been fixed as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD3FF8EFB28D2E7E15EFDC2" box="[1262,1310,511,537]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species by subsequent designation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFE69D13BE61CFDE6" author="Lang, K." box="[431,604,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref75124" refString="Lang, K. (1934) Marine Harpacticiden von der Campbell-Insel und einigen anderen sudlichen Inseln. Acta Universitatis lundensis, New Series, Avd. 2, 30 (14), 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1934">Lang 1934: 24</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Huys 2009: 96). This implies that any assessment of the monophyly of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF51D15FE574FDBA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,308,583,609]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF51D15FE574FDBA" box="[151,308,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must first centre on a review of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD64D15FE757FDBA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[674,791,583,609]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD64D15FE757FDBA" box="[674,791,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and allied species –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFBCFD15FE022FDBA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1033,1122,583,609]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFBCFD15FE022FDBA" box="[1033,1122,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group) since it provides the objective standard of reference for the application of the generic name it bears. Consequently, the genus is here restricted to a core group of four valid species which share a P1 exopod with three subequal segments in both sexes. Males of these species share a haplocer antennule with three segments distal to the geniculation, a 2-segmented P2 endopod (enp-2 and -3 forming a compound segment but total armature as in
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD3FF8EFBC0D1CFE059FD2A" box="[1030,1049,727,753]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) and a modified P3 endopod with spinous apophysis on enp-3 (
|
||
<tableCitation id="50330347FFD3FF8EFE1AD1E3E672FCCE" box="[476,562,763,789]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="21.[151,170,491,518]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="TABLE 1. Swimming leg armature formulae (P1–P5) of parastenheliid species (b = endopodal lobe of baseoendopod; enp = endopod; e, exp = exopod; S = number of exopodal segments; – = missing data). *: species inquirendae; **: indeterminable forms in need of thorough redescription. Genus abbreviations: Pa. = Parastenhelia, Par. = Paraleptomesochra, Pe. = Penicillicaris, Po. = Porirualia, Ps. = Psammoleptomesochra," httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49CE6674FFD6FF8BFF51D2F3E00FFD95" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" tableUuid="49CE6674FFD6FF8BFF51D2F3E00FFD95">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="858A2A79FFD3FF8EFDF9D1E3E6C6FCCD" box="[575,646,763,790]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[249,1337,188,1787]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sexual dimorphism of P2 (A–E) and P4 (F–G) endopodal segmentation and armature within the Parastenheliidae. A, Foweya tertia (Kunz, 1975); B, Microthalestris costata (Pallares, 1982) comb. nov., M. variabilis sp. nov., Parastenhelia similis Thompson & Scott, 1903, P. willemvervoorti sp. nov., Porirualia pyriformis (Song, Kim & Chang, 2003) comb. nov.; C, Johnwellsia bipartita sp. nov.; D, Parastenhelia hornelli Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov (1973); E, Parastenhelia oligochaeta Wells & Rao, 1987; F, Microthalestris bulbosa (Gee, 2006) comb. nov., Parastenhelia willemvervoorti sp. nov.; G, Microthalestris minuta (Pallares, 1982) comb. nov., Penicillicaris penicillata sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572433/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
–7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD3FF8EFF01D007E58CFB7A" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFF01D007E5B9FCE2" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[199,505,799,825]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD69D007E7E8FCE2" box="[687,936,799,825]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD69D007E70CFCE2" box="[687,844,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Parastenhelia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from pearl oyster washings in the Gulf of Mannar off northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFE70D05BE668FC86" box="[438,552,835,861]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFDF5D05BE6E8FC86" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[563,680,835,861]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFDF5D05BE6E8FC86" box="[563,680,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which was represented by several females and males and was also found in general washings of dredged material in deep water off Galle (southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFBA6D07FE093FC59" box="[1120,1235,871,898]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFAD1D07FE13DFC5A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[1303,1405,871,897]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFAD1D07FE13DFC5A" box="[1303,1405,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of which only
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD3FF8EFEE7D093E5ECFC7E" box="[289,428,907,933]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
were recorded. The two species were considered morphologically similar with females being distinguished on the basis of proportional length differences in the antennulary segments (the whole appendage being distinctly longer and more slender in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD47D0CBE6B6FC36" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[641,758,979,1005]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD47D0CBE6B6FC36" box="[641,758,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the morphology of the maxilliped, and the shape of the P5 exopod. Additional discrepancies are found in the P1 with the endopod being more slender, the inner seta of enp-1 distinctly longer, and the distal claws on enp-2 markedly longer (relative to the segment) in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFB57D703E145FBEE" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1169,1285,1051,1077]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB57D703E145FBEE" box="[1169,1285,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFAD4D703E1DCFBEE" author="Lang, K." box="[1298,1436,1051,1077]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref75124" refString="Lang, K. (1934) Marine Harpacticiden von der Campbell-Insel und einigen anderen sudlichen Inseln. Acta Universitatis lundensis, New Series, Avd. 2, 30 (14), 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1934">Lang (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
dismissed all these points and sank
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFDD8D727E6C1FB82" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[542,641,1087,1113]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFDD8D727E6C1FB82" box="[542,641,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a junior subjective synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFBC6D727E033FB82" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1024,1139,1087,1113]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFBC6D727E033FB82" box="[1024,1139,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Since no variability in the antennule, P1 and P5 has so far been documented we regard these differences as sufficient justification to reinstate
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF51D79FE4BCFB7A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,252,1159,1185]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF51D79FE4BCFB7A" box="[151,252,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD3FF8EFF01D7B3E507F8AA" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFF01D7B3E5EAFB1E" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[199,426,1195,1221]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
assessed the “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD88D7B3E6E7FB1E" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[590,679,1195,1221]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD88D7B3E6E7FB1E" box="[590,679,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group” based on material from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFBC8D7B3E0E5FB1E" box="[1038,1189,1195,1221]" name="Mozambique" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Andaman Islands and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFF0CD7D7E528FB32" box="[202,360,1231,1257]" name="New Zealand" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. They redescribed both sexes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD2DD7D7E723FB32" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[747,867,1231,1257]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD2DD7D7E723FB32" box="[747,867,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from specimens of Middle and South Andaman, recognized two distinct size morphs among the female specimens (small form about 630 μm; large form about 885 μm; all
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD3FF8EFF35D60FE55DFAEA" box="[243,285,1303,1329]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
650 μm) and opted for the interim solution to place specimens previously identified as this species by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFF7BD623E524FA8E" author="Noodt, W." box="[189,356,1338,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFE58D623E629FA8E" author="Apostolov, A." box="[414,617,1339,1365]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as well as the material identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFBDAD623E0D1FA8F" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1052,1169,1339,1364]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFBDAD623E0D1FA8F" box="[1052,1169,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFB79D623E138FA8D" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1215,1400,1339,1366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF51D647E54EFAA2" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,270,1375,1401]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF51D647E54EFAA2" box="[151,270,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Careful inspection of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFDDED647E753FAA2" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[536,787,1375,1401]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao’s (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
illustrations, however, shows that they were not dealing with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFF15D69BE50AFA46" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[211,330,1411,1437]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFF15D69BE50AFA46" box="[211,330,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFE7AD69BE663FA46" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[444,547,1411,1437]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFE7AD69BE663FA46" box="[444,547,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Evidence in support of this claim is found in the female morphology of the antennule (general facies and relative lengths of segments), maxilliped (palmar margin with conspicuous row of long spinules), P1 (length of endopod, inner seta of enp-1 and claws on enp-2), P5 exopod (exact shape and strong spinular ornamentation along inner and outer margins) and caudal rami (setae IV–V slightly swollen and irregularly shaped at base). The three differences between
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD70D50BE7B5F9F6" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[694,1013,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott’s (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD3FF8EFC38D50BE06EF9F6" box="[1022,1070,1555,1581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFB7BD50BE163F9F6" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[1213,1315,1555,1581]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB7BD50BE163F9F6" box="[1213,1315,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFA9BD50BE509F98A" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao’s (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specimens are (a) segmentation of female antennule (the minute segments
|
||
<quantity id="DA499B19FFD3FF8EFB60D52FE0AEF98A" box="[1190,1262,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.778" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 in</quantity>
|
||
Wells & Rao’s Fig 52e are shown as complelety fused in the original description), (b) absence of the small distal inner seta on P4 exp-3, and (c) absence of short inner seta on the endopodal lobe of P5, both of which are conceivable the result of imperfect observation. The records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFD81D5BBE6FCF966" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[583,700,1699,1725]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFD81D5BBE6FCF966" box="[583,700,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD3FF8EFCC4D5BBE711F966" box="[770,849,1699,1725]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Odisha</collectingRegion>
|
||
(formerly
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD3FF8EFC0DD5BBE054F965" box="[971,1044,1699,1726]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Orissa</collectingRegion>
|
||
) in the Bay of Bengal (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFAD8D5BBE1D0F966" author="Rao, G. C." box="[1310,1424,1699,1725]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref77752" refString="Rao, G. C. (1989) Intertidal meiofauna. In: Jairajpuri, M. S. (Ed.), Fauna of Orissa. Part - II. State Fauna Series 2. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, pp. 1 - 77." type="book chapter" year="1989">Rao 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFF51D5DFE571F93A" box="[151,305,1735,1761]" name="India" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFE84D5DFE5F3F93A" author="Rao, G. C." box="[322,435,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="41 - 135" refId="ref77803" refString="Rao, G. C. (1991) Meiofauna. In: Jairajpuri, M. S. (Ed.), Fauna of Lakshadweep. State Fauna Series, 2. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, pp. 41 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1991">Rao 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Little Andaman (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD7ED5DFE769F93A" author="Rao, G. C." box="[696,809,1735,1761]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref77850" refString="Rao, G. C. (1993) Littoral meiofauna of Little Andaman. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Papers, 155, 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1993">Rao 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are accompanied by very brief, mostly uninformative descriptions and must be considered as unconfirmed. Other Indian records from Bhitarkanika in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD3FF8EFB23D5F3E174F8DE" box="[1253,1332,1771,1797]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Odisha</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFA83D5F3E561F8F2" author="Chadha, S. & Kar, C. S." pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 388" refId="ref69806" refString="Chadha, S. & Kar, C. S. (1999) s. n. In: Bhitarkanika: Myth and Reality. Nataraj Publishers, Dehradun, pp. v - xxxii + 1 - 388." type="book chapter" year="1999">Chadha & Kar 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Kundugal channel (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFDD6D417E6BAF8F2" author="Krishnaswamy, S." box="[528,762,1806,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="64 - 75" refId="ref74900" refString="Krishnaswamy, S. (1953) Pelagic Copepoda of the Madras coast. Journal of the zoological Society of India, 5, 64 - 75." type="journal article" year="1953">Krishnaswamy 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Porites Bay (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFC0DD417E0F5F8F2" author="Krishnaswamy, S." box="[971,1205,1806,1833]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" refId="ref74928" refString="Krishnaswamy, S. (1957) Studies on the Copepoda of Madras. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Madras, Chennai, 168 pp." type="book" year="1957">Krishnaswamy 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD3FF8EFB27D417E128F8F2" box="[1249,1384,1807,1833]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and the Andaman Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFE56D42BE640F896" author="Rao, G. C." box="[400,512,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="1 - 120" refId="ref77850" refString="Rao, G. C. (1993) Littoral meiofauna of Little Andaman. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Papers, 155, 1 - 120." type="journal article" year="1993">Rao 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFDCAD42BE68EF896" author="Jayabarathi, R." box="[524,718,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" refId="ref73932" refString="Jayabarathi, R. (2016) Spatial Heterogeneity and Biodiversity of Harpacticoid Copepods and other Meiofaunal Associates within the Seagrass Patches of South Andaman. Ph. D. dissertation, Pondicherry University, Port Blair, vii + 205 pp." type="book" year="2016">Jayabarathi 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD1FD42BE799F896" author="Jayabarathi, R. & Padmavati, G. & Anandavelu, I." box="[729,985,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="717 - 724" refId="ref73975" refString="Jayabarathi, R., Padmavati, G. & Anandavelu, I. (2012) Abundance and species composition of harpacticoid copepods from a sea grass patch of South Andaman, India. Current Research Journal of biological Sciences, 4, 717 - 724." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Jayabarathi
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFC99D42BE7D7F896" box="[863,919,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFC25D42AE05EF896" author="Jayabarathi, R. & Padmavati, G. & Anandavelu, I." box="[995,1054,1842,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="51" refId="ref74023" refString="Jayabarathi, R., Padmavati, G. & Anandavelu, I. (2015) Spatial heterogeneity of benthic copepods: a comparative aspect on composition, abundance, and correlation. Zoological Studies, 54, 51. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 40555 - 015 - 0130 - y" type="journal article" year="2015">2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFBECD42BE153F896" author="Pongener, L. & Padmavati, G. & Jayabarathi, R." box="[1066,1299,1843,1869]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="203 - 212" refId="ref77427" refString="Pongener, L., Padmavati, G. & Jayabarathi, R. (2018) Meiofauna and microalgae associates on the pneumatophores of Avicennia marina from the coastal waters of South Andaman, India. International Journal of zoological Studies, 3, 203 - 212." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Pongener
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFB5CD42BE092F896" box="[1178,1234,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) are equally indeterminable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD3FF8FFF01D463E656FD72" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="253" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFF01D463E52CF84E" author="Noodt, W." box="[199,364,1914,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides a brief redescription, completely lacking in illustrations, of
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD3FF8EFBBDD463E144F84E" box="[1147,1284,1915,1941]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
from the Sea of Marmara in northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD3FF8EFE1AD487E66CF862" box="[476,556,1951,1977]" name="Turkey" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
which he attributes to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD3FF8EFCE9D487E7E4F862" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[815,932,1951,1977]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD3FF8EFCE9D487E7E4F862" box="[815,932,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="252">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He states that both P1 and P5 agree exactly in form and armature with the illustrations of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD3FF8EFD5FD4DBE780F806" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[665,960,1987,2013]" pageId="16" pageNumber="252" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but it is not clear which of the Sri Lankan species he refers to. Since the shape of the exopod is different between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFC04D38FE078FF6A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[962,1080,151,177]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFC04D38FE078FF6A" box="[962,1080,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFBB6D38FE095FF6A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[1136,1237,151,177]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFBB6D38FE095FF6A" box="[1136,1237,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFB22D38FE1DCFF6A" author="Noodt, W." box="[1252,1436,150,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt’s (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
statement that it is widening proximally towards the baseoendopod (“Insbesondere ist der Exp. P5 durch seine Erweiterung zur Basis hin typisch”) may carry some significance since this feature is more expressed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFAEED3C7E1DDFF22" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1320,1437,223,249]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFAEED3C7E1DDFF22" box="[1320,1437,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF59D21BE582FEC6" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[159,450,259,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: Plate VII, Fig. 8).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD6FD21BE723FEC6" author="Noodt, W." box="[681,867,258,285]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt’s (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
report that the antennary exopod is 3-segmented must be an observational error since it is 2-segmented in the groundpattern in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFBF1D23FE1D8FE9A" authority="(Willen 2000)" baseAuthorityName="Willen" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[1079,1432,295,321]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
|
||
Parastenheliidae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFB38D23FE1D0FE9A" author="Willen, E." box="[1278,1424,295,321]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" refId="ref82741" refString="Willen, E. (2000) Phylogeny of the Thalestridimorpha Lang, 1944 (Crustacea, Copepoda). Cuvillier Verlag, Gottingen, 233 pp." type="book" year="2000">Willen 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; he also states that the proximal segment bears one seta but does not disclose how many elements are present on the remaining segments.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFE77D277E615FE52" author="Noodt, W." box="[433,597,366,393]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
presents the armature pattern of P2–P4, noting variability in the presence/ absence of the inner seta on P2 exp-3. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD6AD28BE7CBFE76" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[684,907,403,429]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pointed out that the pattern of P4 (exp: 1.1.223; enp: 1.1.221) is congruent with that given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD76D2AFE7A1FE0A" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[688,993,439,465]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(for both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFB9AD2AFE094FE0A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1116,1236,439,465]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFB9AD2AFE094FE0A" box="[1116,1236,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFAD7D2AFE139FE0A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[1297,1401,439,465]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFAD7D2AFE139FE0A" box="[1297,1401,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) it remains to be confirmed whether the presence of only two inner setae on P3–P4 exp-
|
||
<quantity id="DA499B19FFD2FF8FFBADD2C3E0D5FE2E" box="[1131,1173,475,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
the Turkish specimens is genuine or reflects an oversight of the fine inner distal seta. Based on Noodt’s description no positive statement can be made as to the validity of his identification and pending re-examination of the material (and discovery of the male) his record must be considered suspect. The unillustrated records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFC39D15FE033FDBA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1023,1139,583,609]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFC39D15FE033FDBA" box="[1023,1139,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from two beaches (Cunda Beach and Altınova Beach) in the Aegean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD76D173E7EEFD5D" author="Karaytug, S. & Sak, S." box="[688,942,619,646]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="403 - 405" refId="ref74560" refString="Karaytug, S. & Sak, S. (2006) A contribution to the marine harpacticoid (Crustacea, Copepoda) fauna of Turkey. E. U. Journal of Fisheries and aquatic Sciences (E. U. Su Urunleri Dergisi), 23, 403 - 405." type="journal article" year="2006">Karaytuğ & Sak 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), in close proximity to the Sea of Marmara, possibly refer to the same species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD2FF8FFF01D1ABE118FAA1" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFEF3D1ABE5A7FD15" author="Vervoort, W." box="[309,487,691,718]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
voiced criticism of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD78D1ABE71AFD16" author="Lang, K." box="[702,858,691,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" refId="ref75271" refString="Lang, K. (1948) Monographie der Harpacticiden. Vols. 1 - 2. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp." type="book" year="1948">Lang’s (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
broad taxonomic concept of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFB51D1ABE146FD17" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1175,1286,691,716]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFB51D1ABE146FD17" box="[1175,1286,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, he indirectly expressed the opinion that both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFE3DD1CFE62FFD2A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[507,623,727,753]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFE3DD1CFE62FFD2A" box="[507,623,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFD63D1CFE704FD2B" authorityName="Monard." authorityYear="1935" baseAuthorityName="sensu Por" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[677,836,727,752]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Thalestrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatissima">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFD63D1CFE704FD2B" box="[677,836,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. ornatissima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may also fall within the range of this species. Among the material from Ifalik Atoll, Vervoort describes a male and a female which he assigns to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFBB1D1E3E0A7FCCF" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1143,1255,763,788]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFBB1D1E3E0A7FCCF" box="[1143,1255,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while admitting that they approach
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFEB3D007E5ACFCE2" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[373,492,799,825]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFEB3D007E5ACFCE2" box="[373,492,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the structure of the P1 exopod, where the three segments have about the same length.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF2AD05BE5E1FC85" author="Vervoort, W." box="[236,417,835,862]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
dismisses the significance of this difference by accepting
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFBFDD05BE09AFC86" author="Lang, K." box="[1083,1242,835,861]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" refId="ref75271" refString="Lang, K. (1948) Monographie der Harpacticiden. Vols. 1 - 2. Hakan Ohlsson, Lund, 1682 pp." type="book" year="1948">Lang’s (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
view that it falls within the variability of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFE6ED07FE659FC5B" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[424,537,871,896]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFE6ED07FE659FC5B" box="[424,537,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
– a concept that is mistakenly based on comparison of geographically separated and, most likely, non-conspecific populations. Since intrapopulation variability in the length of P1 exp-2 has never been recorded in any species so far,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFDE0D0B7E6ABFC11" author="Vervoort, W." box="[550,747,943,970]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort’s (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
interpretation is rejected here. His material displays a number of distinct differences with both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFDC5D0CBE638FC36" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[515,632,979,1005]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFDC5D0CBE638FC36" box="[515,632,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFD68D0CBE753FC36" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[686,787,979,1005]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFD68D0CBE753FC36" box="[686,787,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (a) P3–P4 exp-3 without inner seta; (b) in addition to the common sexual dimorphism expressed in the endopods of P2–P3, the male P4 endopod also differs from that of the female in having only one inner seta on enp-3; this
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD2FF8FFCC7D703E771FBEE" box="[769,817,1051,1077]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of sexual dimorphism has previously been observed in
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFF51D727E582FB82" box="[151,450,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFF51D727E5EAFB82" authorityName="sensu Sars" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,426,1087,1113]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="littoralis">Microthalestris littoralis</taxonomicName>
|
||
f.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFE01D727E767FB82" authority="sensu Willey (1935)" authorityName="sensu Willey" authorityYear="1935" box="[455,807,1086,1113]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Penicillicaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFE01D727E67FFB82" box="[455,575,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD4DD727E767FB82" author="Willey, A." box="[651,807,1086,1113]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="50 - 100" refId="ref82769" refString="Willey, A. (1935) Harpacticoid Copepoda from Bermuda. Part II. Annals and Magazine of natural History, Series 10, 15, 50 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933508654944" type="journal article" year="1935">Willey (1935)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFC98D727E0A3FB81" authority="(Gee 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Gee" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[862,1251,1087,1114]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bulbosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFC98D727E01BFB82" box="[862,1115,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Parastenhelia bulbosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFBACD727E09BFB81" author="Gee, J. M." box="[1130,1243,1087,1114]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="2611 - 2651" refId="ref71824" refString="Gee, J. M. (2006) Parastenheliidae (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Isles of Scilly. Journal of natural History, 40, 2611 - 2651. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930601108194" type="journal article" year="2006">Gee 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and as a further derived state in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFE8CD77BE5F3FBA7" baseAuthorityName="Pallares" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[330,435,1123,1148]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Miraciidae" genus="Microthalestris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFE8CD77BE5F3FBA7" box="[330,435,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. minuta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFE2CD77BE740FBA6" authorityName="sensu Willey" authorityYear="1935" box="[490,768,1123,1149]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Penicillicaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penicillata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFE2CD77BE740FBA6" box="[490,768,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Penicillicaris penicillata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFCC0D77BE720FBA6" bold="true" box="[774,864,1123,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFD2FF8FFCC0D77BE720FBA6" box="[774,864,1123,1149]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
where both inner setae are lost in the male (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFA89D77BE492FB7A" author="Willey, A." pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="50 - 100" refId="ref82769" refString="Willey, A. (1935) Harpacticoid Copepoda from Bermuda. Part II. Annals and Magazine of natural History, Series 10, 15, 50 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933508654944" type="journal article" year="1935">Willey 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF1BD79FE537FB7A" author="Pallares, R. E." box="[221,375,1159,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="3 - 39" refId="ref77142" refString="Pallares, R. E. (1982) Copepodos harpacticoides marinos de Tierra del Fuego (Argentina). IV. Bahia Thetis. Contribucion cientifica del Centro de Investigacion de Biologia marina, Buenos Aires, 186, 3 - 39, pls. I - XII." type="journal article" year="1982">Pallares 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="858A2A79FFD2FF8FFE44D79FE5B4FB7A" box="[386,500,1159,1185]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1812,1836]" captionTargetBox="[249,1337,188,1787]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sexual dimorphism of P2 (A–E) and P4 (F–G) endopodal segmentation and armature within the Parastenheliidae. A, Foweya tertia (Kunz, 1975); B, Microthalestris costata (Pallares, 1982) comb. nov., M. variabilis sp. nov., Parastenhelia similis Thompson & Scott, 1903, P. willemvervoorti sp. nov., Porirualia pyriformis (Song, Kim & Chang, 2003) comb. nov.; C, Johnwellsia bipartita sp. nov.; D, Parastenhelia hornelli Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov (1973); E, Parastenhelia oligochaeta Wells & Rao, 1987; F, Microthalestris bulbosa (Gee, 2006) comb. nov., Parastenhelia willemvervoorti sp. nov.; G, Microthalestris minuta (Pallares, 1982) comb. nov., Penicillicaris penicillata sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5572433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5572433/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Fig. 6F–G</figureCitation>
|
||
herein); and (c) male P5 exopod 2-segmented; this condition was recently described in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFF75D7B3E670FB1E" authority="(Kuru & Karaytug 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Kuru & Karaytug" baseAuthorityYear="2015" box="[179,560,1194,1221]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Karaytugia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aydini">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFF75D7B3E554FB1E" box="[179,276,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. aydini</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFEE4D7B3E668FB1E" author="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S." box="[290,552,1194,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="121 - 127" refId="ref75081" refString="Kuru, S. & Karaytug, S. (2015) A new species of Parastenhelia Thompson & A. Scott, 1903 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Parastenheliidae) from Turkey. Biharean Biologist, 9, 121 - 127." type="journal article" year="2015">Kuru & Karaytuğ 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFD47D7B3E72FFB1E" box="[641,879,1195,1221]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Johnwellsia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartita" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFD47D7B3E72FFB1E" box="[641,879,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Johnwellsia bipartita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFCB3D7B3E061FB1E" bold="true" box="[885,1057,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFD2FF8FFCB3D7B3E061FB1E" box="[885,1057,1195,1221]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(present account). Based on these differences it is obvious that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFE11D7D7E6DCFB31" author="Vervoort, W." box="[471,668,1231,1258]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort’s (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
material from stations 589 and 590 cannot be attributed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFAEAD7D7E1DDFB33" authorityName="sensu Pesta" authorityYear="1959" baseAuthorityName="Fischer" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[1324,1437,1231,1256]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFAEAD7D7E1DDFB33" box="[1324,1437,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. spinosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or to either of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFEFAD7EBE63AFAD6" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[316,634,1267,1293]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott’s (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
species and must be assigned distinct specific rank (see below). Wells
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFF51D60FE490FAEA" box="[151,208,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
’s (1982) claim that Vervoort’s description and illustrations of the antenna are contradictory is irrelevant. His lateral habitus view (Fig. 68a) shows indeed the antennary exopod as 3-segmented under low magnification but the detailed drawing of the antenna (Fig. 68d) clearly reveals it as 2-segmented (as reiterated in the text: p. 186).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD2FF8FFF01D69BE781F862" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF01D69BE584FA46" author="Apostolov, A." box="[199,452,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973: 273</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 9) reported
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD2FF8FFD4BD69BE757FA46" box="[653,791,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD2FF8FFC97D69BE7F9FA46" box="[849,953,1411,1437]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFC24D69BE019FA46" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[994,1113,1411,1437]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFC24D69BE019FA46" box="[994,1113,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on brown algae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFAE2D69BE4B0FA1A" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystoseira" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="barbata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFAE2D69BE4B0FA1A" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Cystoseira barbata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) near Tsarevo (formerly Michurin) along the Black Sea coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD2FF8FFC15D6BFE077FA1A" box="[979,1079,1447,1473]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
|
||
. No text description was given, except for his statement that the male fits
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFD45D6D3E785FA3E" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[643,965,1483,1509]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott’s (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
original description perfectly.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFAE1D6D3E4A2F9D2" author="Apostolov, A." pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides illustrations of the male P2 endopod (similar to that illustrated by Thompson & Scott), P3 endopod (previously unknown) and P5. The latter differs significantly in that it is only 1-segmented and the armature elements all are very short, consequently ruling out the possibility that the Bulgarian material belongs to either
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFAE0D52FE1DDF98A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1318,1437,1591,1617]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFAE0D52FE1DDF98A" box="[1318,1437,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFF70D543E55AF9AE" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[182,282,1627,1653]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFF70D543E55AF9AE" box="[182,282,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Similar to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFE59D543E616F9AE" author="Noodt, W." box="[415,598,1626,1653]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt’s (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
specimens the antennary exopod is erroneously illustrated as 3-segmented causing
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF33D567E59AF942" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[245,474,1663,1689]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to suggest that both sets of specimens are conspecific. The female antennule and P5 exopod resemble their respective conditions as illustrated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFC80D5BBE02EF966" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[838,1134,1699,1725]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFB58D5BBE152F966" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1182,1298,1699,1725]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFB58D5BBE152F966" box="[1182,1298,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the P4 also displays the same armature pattern (although confirmation of the exact number of inner setae on exp-3 is required in both), but the P1 endopod is comparatively longer and more slender. The only significant difference with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFA82D5F3E4AEF8F2" author="Noodt, W." pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt’s (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
material is found in the absence of the inner seta on P2 enp-1 (a condition that is mirrored in the male). In summary,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFECCD42BE5A2F896" author="Apostolov, A." box="[266,482,1843,1869]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov’s (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
Bulgarian specimens share several characters with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFBE5D42BE0D7F896" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1059,1175,1843,1869]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFBE5D42BE0D7F896" box="[1059,1175,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD2FF8FFB1DD42BE109F896" box="[1243,1353,1843,1869]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
but the 1-segmented condition of the male P5 exopod and deficiencies in the description of the antenna (and possibly P3–P4 exopods) prevent them from being assigned to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD2FF8FFD01D463E6B7F84E" box="[711,759,1915,1941]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species. Pending a re-examination of the Black Sea material,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFF51D487E65CF862" authority="sensu Apostolov (1973)" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,540,1951,1977]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFF51D487E54CF862" box="[151,268,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFE90D487E65CF862" author="Apostolov, A." box="[342,540,1951,1977]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
must be classified as indeterminable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD2FF8CFF01D4DBE66EFDBA" blockId="17.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="254" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD2FF8FFF01D4DBE675F806" author="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I." box="[199,565,1987,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref67959" refString="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I. (1999) Marine harpacticoids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the littoral of the Livingston Island (The Antarctic). Bulgarian Antarctic Research, Life Sciences, 2, 68 - 82." type="journal article" year="1999">Apostolov & Pandourski (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD2FF8FFD62D4DBE761F806" box="[676,801,1987,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD2FF8FFC9AD4DBE783F806" box="[860,963,1987,2013]" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD2FF8FFC2BD4DBE023F806" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[1005,1123,1987,2013]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="17" pageNumber="253" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD2FF8FFC2BD4DBE023F806" box="[1005,1123,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="253">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a littoral sandbank in Livingston Island (South Shetlands archipelago), north of the Antarctic Peninsula (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFBBDD38FE485FF0E" author="Pesce, G. L. & Pandourski, I." pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="133 - 137" refId="ref77234" refString="Pesce, G. L. & Pandourski, I. (2002) Pseudocyclopina livingstoni sp. n. (Copepoda, Cyclopinidae) from the Livingston Island (Antarctica). Biologia, Bratislava, 57, 133 - 137." type="journal article" year="2002">Pesce & Pandourski 2002: 134</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The authors do not provide a text description but state that their material confirms the variability previously observed in this species and cite the different number of setae and spines on P3 exp-3 and enp-3 as an example. Although they do not cite the work it is likely that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFD2CD21BE01AFEC6" author="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I." box="[746,1114,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref67959" refString="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I. (1999) Marine harpacticoids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the littoral of the Livingston Island (The Antarctic). Bulgarian Antarctic Research, Life Sciences, 2, 68 - 82." type="journal article" year="1999">Apostolov & Pandourski (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
used
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFB66D21BE1DCFEC6" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[1184,1436,259,285]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao’s (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescription of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE88D23FE582FE9A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[334,450,295,321]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE88D23FE582FE9A" box="[334,450,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE2ED23FE60CFE9A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[488,588,295,321]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE2ED23FE60CFE9A" box="[488,588,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as a reference for comparision. Their illustration of the female P3 endopod (they do not figure the exopod) shows three well developed inner setae on the distal segment which contradicts the condition in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE91D277E5FFFE52" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[343,447,367,393]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE91D277E5FFFE52" box="[343,447,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="50330347FFD1FF8CFE16D277E667FE52" box="[464,551,367,393]" captionStart="TABLE" captionStartId="21.[151,170,491,518]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="TABLE 1. Swimming leg armature formulae (P1–P5) of parastenheliid species (b = endopodal lobe of baseoendopod; enp = endopod; e, exp = exopod; S = number of exopodal segments; – = missing data). *: species inquirendae; **: indeterminable forms in need of thorough redescription. Genus abbreviations: Pa. = Parastenhelia, Par. = Paraleptomesochra, Pe. = Penicillicaris, Po. = Porirualia, Ps. = Psammoleptomesochra," httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49CE6674FFD6FF8BFF51D2F3E00FFD95" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" tableUuid="49CE6674FFD6FF8BFF51D2F3E00FFD95">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The female P5 exopod approaches the shape (although more truncated) of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFF51D28BE591FE76" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[151,465,403,429]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott’s (1903)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE1ED28BE60DFE76" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[472,589,403,429]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE1ED28BE60DFE76" box="[472,589,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
while the length of the endopodal setae is different. The morphology of the male is said to be identical with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE3BD2AFE631FE0A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[509,625,439,465]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE3BD2AFE631FE0A" box="[509,625,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but only the P2 endopod is illustrated; the proximal segment of this limb lacks the inner seta found in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD1FF8CFDC0D2C3E676FE2E" box="[518,566,475,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species. No information was given on the armature pattern of P2–P4 (except P3 endopod
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD1FF8CFEE0D2E7E579FDC2" box="[294,313,511,537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
) or the segmentation and setation of the male P6.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFCBAD2E7E0BCFDC2" author="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I." box="[892,1276,511,537]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref67959" refString="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I. (1999) Marine harpacticoids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the littoral of the Livingston Island (The Antarctic). Bulgarian Antarctic Research, Life Sciences, 2, 68 - 82." type="journal article" year="1999">Apostolov & Pandourski’s (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
description is too fragmentary to allow any conclusions to be made about its identity and consequently it must be classified as an indeterminable record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE75D15FE667FDBA" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[435,551,583,609]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE75D15FE667FDBA" box="[435,551,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD1FF8CFF01D173E12DFB1E" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">
|
||
Based on
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFEF0D173E66BFD5E" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[310,555,619,645]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao’s (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
report the only confirmed records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFC14D173E077FD5E" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[978,1079,619,645]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFC14D173E077FD5E" box="[978,1079,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFB60D173E154FD5E" box="[1190,1300,619,645]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFAE5D173E571FD72" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Inhaca Island in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFDC5D197E6D7FD72" box="[515,663,655,681]" name="Mozambique" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFD60D197E76BFD71" author="Wells, J. B. J." box="[678,811,655,682]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="189 - 358" refId="ref82201" refString="Wells, J. B. J. (1967) The littoral Copepoda (Crustacea) of Inhaca Island, Mozambique. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 67 (7), 189 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0080456800024017" type="journal article" year="1967">Wells 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFC17D197E028FD72" box="[977,1128,655,681]" name="New Zealand" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFBB1D197E17AFD72" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C." box="[1143,1338,655,681]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref82409" refString="Wells, J. B. J., Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C. (1982) Common harpacticoid copepods from New Zealand harbours and estuaries. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 9, 151 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1982.10423847" type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Wells
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFB06D197E0B9FD72" box="[1216,1273,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD1FF8CFF51D1ABE519FD16" box="[151,345,691,717]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Andaman Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFEA1D1ABE679FD16" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[359,569,691,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Authenticated records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFCA5D1ABE797FD16" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[867,983,691,717]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFCA5D1ABE797FD16" box="[867,983,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remain restricted to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD1FF8CFB25D1ABE153FD16" box="[1251,1299,691,717]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">type</typeStatus>
|
||
populations from Galle and the Gulf of Mannar in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFDF6D1CFE6DBFD2A" box="[560,667,727,753]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFD61D1CFE7F9FD2A" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[679,953,727,753]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is in stark contrast with the previously assumed circum-subtropical distribution (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFDABD1E3E774FCCE" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C." box="[621,820,763,789]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="151 - 184" refId="ref82409" refString="Wells, J. B. J., Hicks, G. R. F. & Coull, B. C. (1982) Common harpacticoid copepods from New Zealand harbours and estuaries. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 9, 151 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03014223.1982.10423847" type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Wells
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFD71D1E3E6B1FCCE" box="[695,753,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFC87D1E3E055FCCE" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[833,1045,763,789]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) which included unconfirmed and (possibly) false records from the Aegean/Black Sea region (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFC98D007E7BAFCE2" author="Noodt, W." box="[862,1018,798,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFBCFD007E085FCE2" author="Apostolov, A." box="[1033,1221,799,825]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFB19D007E109FCE2" box="[1247,1353,799,825]" name="Barbados" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Barbados</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFA9AD007E49DFC86" author="Coull, B. C." pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="129 - 135" refId="ref70742" refString="Coull, B. C. (1970 a) Harpacticoid copepods from Barbados and Jamaica, W. I., with descriptions of two new species. Caribbean Journal of Science, 10, 129 - 135." type="journal article" year="1970">Coull 1970a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFE8ED05BE660FC86" box="[328,544,835,861]" name="United States Virgin Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">U.S. Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFDF6D05BE680FC86" author="Coull, B. C." box="[560,704,835,861]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="207 - 218" refId="ref70819" refString="Coull, B. C. (1971 a) Meiobenthic Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) from St. Thomas, U. S. Virgin Islands. Transactions of the American microscopical Society, 90, 207 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3225027" type="journal article" year="1971">Coull 1971a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Hartzband & Hummon 1974) in the Atlantic, and the east coast of Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFEF3D07FE5DCFC5A" box="[309,412,871,897]" name="Malaysia" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFE6DD07FE63BFC59" author="Zaleha, K. & Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N." box="[427,635,871,898]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="140 - 145" refId="ref83258" refString="Zaleha, K., Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N. (2006) Distribution of some species of harpacticoid copepods in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Coastal marine Science, 30, 140 - 145." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Zaleha
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFDC7D07FE67AFC5A" box="[513,570,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFD23D07FE7DDFC5A" box="[741,925,871,897]" name="Micronesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFC6AD07FE011FC59" author="Vervoort, W." box="[940,1105,871,898]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref81632" refString="Vervoort, W. (1964) Freeliving Copepoda from Ifaluk Atoll in the Caroline Islands with notes on related species. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 236, i - ix + 1 - 431. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.236.1" type="journal article" year="1964">Vervoort 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the Pacific. The armature pattern of P2–P4 given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFE05D093E6E0FC7D" author="Zaleha, K. & Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N." box="[451,672,907,934]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="140 - 145" refId="ref83258" refString="Zaleha, K., Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N. (2006) Distribution of some species of harpacticoid copepods in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Coastal marine Science, 30, 140 - 145." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Zaleha
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFDD0D093E60EFC7E" box="[534,590,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
shows that they were dealing with a different species. In addition to the unconfirmed Indian records mentioned above,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFD14D0B7E707FC12" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[722,839,943,969]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFD14D0B7E707FC12" box="[722,839,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has also been reported from Gazi Bay in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFAE7D0B7E12AFC12" box="[1313,1386,943,969]" name="Kenya" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFABCD0B7E55AFC36" author="De Troch, M." pageId="18" pageNumber="254" refId="ref71244" refString="De Troch, M. (2001) Ecologie van Harpacticoide Copepoden: Structurele Biodiversiteit in Tropische Zeegrasvelden. Ecology of Harpacticoid Copepods: Structural Biodiversity in Tropical Seagrass Beds. Ph. D. dissertation, Universiteit Ghent, Ghent, 254 pp." type="book" year="2001">De Troch 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
– as
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE9AD0CBE531FC37" box="[348,369,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P.</emphasis>
|
||
cfr.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE6ED0CBE641FC36" authorityName="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Apostolov" authorityYear="1973" box="[424,513,979,1005]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE6ED0CBE641FC36" box="[424,513,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and along the Pacific seaboard of North America including the Nanaimo River delta (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFF1BD0EFE524FBCA" author="Sibert, J. R." box="[221,356,1015,1041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="259 - 265" refId="ref79905" refString="Sibert, J. R. (1981) Intertidal hyperbenthic populations in the Nanaimo estuary. Marine Biology, 64, 259 - 265. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00393625" type="journal article" year="1981">Sibert 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFEB6D0EFE66BFBCA" author="Kask, B. A. & Sibert, J. R. & Windecker, B." box="[368,555,1015,1041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="25 - 38" refId="ref74613" refString="Kask, B. A., Sibert, J. R. & Windecker, B. (1982) A check list of marine and brackish water harpacticoid copepods from the Nanaimo estuary, southwestern British-Columbia. Syesis, 15, 25 - 38." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Kask
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFE74D0EFE5AAFBCA" box="[434,490,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Fraser River estuary (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFC98D0EFE065FBCA" author="Sibert, J. & Brown, T. J. & Kask, B. A." box="[862,1061,1015,1041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref79942" refString="Sibert, J., Brown, T. J. & Kask, B. A. (1982) Meiofauna counts from the Fraser River, 1980 and 1981 Fraser foreshore core samples. Canadian Data Report of Fisheries and aquatic Sciences, 342, i - iv + 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1982">
|
||
Sibert
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFC6CD0EFE7A3FBCA" box="[938,995,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1982
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFBF4D0EFE169FBCA" author="Bravender, B. A. & Levings, C. D. & Brown, T. J." box="[1074,1321,1015,1041]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref68926" refString="Bravender, B. A., Levings, C. D. & Brown, T. J. (1993) A comparison of meiofauna available as fish food on Sturgeon and Roberts Banks, Fraser River Estuary, British Columbia. Canadian technical Report of Fisheries and aquatic Sciences (= Rapport technique canadien des Sciences halieutiques et aquatiques), 1904, i - viii + 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1993">
|
||
Bravender
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFB68D0EFE0A7FBCA" box="[1198,1255,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFAF0D0EFE569FBEE" author="Johansen, J. A. & Reis, K. E. M." pageId="18" pageNumber="254" refId="ref74251" refString="Johansen, J. A. & Reis, K. E. M. (1994) Fraser River Basin Benthic Invertebrate Catalogue: Continental and Oceanographic Data Information System (CODIS). Fraser River Action Plan (Canada). Environment Canada, Pacific and Yukon Region, iii + 104 pp." type="book" year="1994">Johansen & Reis 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in British Columbia, Padilla Bay (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFD78D703E7F8FBEE" author="Simenstad, C. A. & Cordell, J. R. & Wissmar, R. C. & Fresh, K. L. & Schroder, S. & Carr, M. & Berg, M." box="[702,952,1051,1077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" refId="ref80057" refString="Simenstad, C. A., Cordell, J. R., Wissmar, R. C., Fresh, K. L., Schroder, S., Carr, M. & Berg, M. (1988) Assemblage structure, microhabitat distribution, and food web linkages of epibenthic crustaceans in Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Washington. FRI-UW- 8813. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, viii + 60 pp." type="book" year="1988">
|
||
Simenstad
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFCFBD703E737FBEE" box="[829,887,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and Puget Sound (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFB5CD703E1D4FBEE" author="Simenstad, C. A. & Cordell, J. R. & Weitkamp, L. A." box="[1178,1428,1051,1077]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" refId="ref79997" refString="Simenstad, C. A., Cordell, J. R. & Weitkamp, L. A. (1991) Effects of substrate modification on littoral flat meiofauna: assemblage structure changes associated with adding gravel. FRI-UW- 9124. Fisheries Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washinton, vi + 91 pp." type="book" year="1991">
|
||
Simenstad
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFADFD703E113FBEE" box="[1305,1363,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1991
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in Washington State and the Santa Barbara Channel in southern California (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFC38D727E086FB82" author="Spies, R. B. & Hardin, D. D. & Toal, J. P." box="[1022,1222,1087,1113]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="261 - 282" refId="ref80438" refString="Spies, R. B., Hardin, D. D. & Toal, J. P. (1988) Organic enrichment or toxicity? A comparison of the effects of kelp and crude oil in sediments on the colonization and growth of benthic infauna. Journal of experimental marine Biology and Ecology, 124, 261 - 282. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 0981 (88) 90175 - X" type="journal article" year="1988">
|
||
Spies
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFB80D727E0C1FB82" box="[1094,1153,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1988
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All these records are unillustrated and must be considered as unconfirmed and probably false.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFC38D77BE167FBA6" authorityName="Wells & Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[1022,1319,1123,1149]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligochaeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFC38D77BE167FBA6" box="[1022,1319,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Parastenhelia oligochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has so far been recorded from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD1FF8CFE63D79FE6BBFB7A" box="[421,763,1159,1185]" country="India" name="Andaman and Nicobar Islands" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Andaman and Nicobar Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Chidyatapu, Mayabandar, Car Nicobar, Katchal and Great
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFF51D7B3E507FB1E" box="[151,327,1195,1221]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Nicobar Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFEA5D7B3E673FB1E" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[355,563,1195,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and from Bhitarkanika in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="DF75F81EFFD1FF8CFCA2D7B3E7F6FB1E" box="[868,950,1195,1221]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Odisha</collectingRegion>
|
||
, mainland
|
||
<collectingCountry id="65A6766CFFD1FF8CFBF6D7B3E02AFB1E" box="[1072,1130,1195,1221]" name="India" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD1FF8CFBBED7B3E120FB1E" author="Chadha, S. & Kar, C. S." box="[1144,1376,1195,1221]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" pagination="1 - 388" refId="ref69806" refString="Chadha, S. & Kar, C. S. (1999) s. n. In: Bhitarkanika: Myth and Reality. Nataraj Publishers, Dehradun, pp. v - xxxii + 1 - 388." type="book chapter" year="1999">Chadha & Kar 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="55AB6577FFD1FF8DFF01D7D6E125FD89" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD1FF8CFF01D7D6E7D7FA1A" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFF01D7D6E502FB33" bold="true" box="[199,322,1230,1256]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFE94D7D7E64DFB32" baseAuthorityName="Willen" baseAuthorityYear="2000" box="[338,525,1231,1257]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Parastenheliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Sexual dimorphism in antennule, P2–P3 endopods, P5–P6 and urosomal segmentation; occasionally P4 endopod and caudal ramus setae IV–V. Body subcylindrical, short; posterior margin of cephalothorax, somites bearing P2–P5 and remaining urosomites (except anal somite) with denticulodigitate hyaline frills. Rostrum defined at base, of moderate size, reaching at most to distal margin of second antennulary segment; linguiform. Anal operculum semicircular, naked or bordered with fine spinules. Caudal ramus wider than long, without conspicuous spinular ornamentation on dorsal surface; with at least six setae (seta I possibly absent), setae IV–V slightly swollen at base in
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD1FF8CFD80D6BFE61BFA1A" box="[582,603,1447,1473]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in some species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD1FF8CFCE4D6BFE7C7FA1A" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[802,903,1447,1473]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD1FF8CFCE4D6BFE7C7FA1A" box="[802,903,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD1FF8CFF01D6D3E7CBF8F2" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">
|
||
Antennule elongate and 8- or 9-segmented in
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD1FF8CFD12D6D3E6A9FA3E" box="[724,745,1483,1509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, segment 1 not elongate, segments 7–8 (when 9-segmented) shortest, with aesthetascs on segments 4 and 8 or 9; haplocer in
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD1FF8CFC44D6F7E7D7F9D2" box="[898,919,1519,1545]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
but segmentation and segmental homologies unconfirmed, with three segments distal to geniculation, segment 5 swollen and with aesthetasc. Antenna not sexually dimorphic; proximal endopodal segment largely separated from basis or forming allobasis, with pinnate seta on abexopodal margin; exopod 2-segmented, proximal segment with two setae, distal segment with 1–2 lateral and three apical elements; distal endopodal segment without penicillate elements. Mandible with 2–4 elements on basis; endopod with eight setae; exopod 1-segmented with three setae or represented by single seta arising from minute knob. Maxillulary coxal epipodite represented by one seta. Maxilla with three endites on syncoxa; endopod discrete, with 2–3 setae. Maxilliped with 2–3 setae on syncoxa; basis with 1–2 seta(e) on palmar margin; endopod represented by curved claw, accompanied by 1–2 accessory seta(e).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD1FF8DFF01D42BE522FF22" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,249]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="255" pageId="18" pageNumber="254">
|
||
P1 inner basal spine not sexually dimorphic. P1 exopod 3-segmented; exp-2 about as long as others, typically with short inner seta; exp-3 small, with two pinnate spines, one geniculate seta and one naked seta. P1 endopod 2-segmented; enp-1 elongate, about 1.3 –1.5 times length of exopod, with long, pinnate, inner seta inserted in proximal third, segment margins without area of reduced chitinization; enp-2 very small, with one naked minute seta and two dentate claws. P2–P4 rami 3-segmented. P2 endopod
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD1FF8CFC4ED4DBE7DDF806" box="[904,925,1987,2013]" pageId="18" pageNumber="254" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
2-segmented; total number of spines/setae as in
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFF73D38FE48BFF6A" box="[181,203,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
. P3 endopod
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFEAED38FE53DFF6A" box="[360,381,151,177]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
3-segmented; without inner setae on enp-3 and outer spine modified into spinous apophysis. P4 endopod
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFEE1D3A3E57CFF0E" box="[295,316,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
occasionally with one less inner seta on enp-3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFCA3D3A3E073FF0E" box="[869,1075,187,213]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willemvervoorti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFCA3D3A3E073FF0E" box="[869,1075,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P. willemvervoorti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFBFBD3A3E0D8FF0E" bold="true" box="[1085,1176,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFD0FF8DFBFBD3A3E0D8FF0E" box="[1085,1176,187,213]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Armature formula of P2–P4 as follows:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD0FF8DFD8BD234E0EEFE1B" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<table id="6FB1C45CFFD00061FEA6D234E1CFFE1A" box="[352,1423,300,449]" colsContinueFrom="5.[352,1224,588,729]" colsContinueIn="53.[352,1148,372,520]" gridcols="3" gridrows="4" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<tr id="A38134BEFFD00061FEA6D234E1CFFE9D" box="[352,1423,300,326]" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="E0505DC2FFD00061FD8BD234E6ACFE9D" box="[589,748,300,326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">exopod</th>
|
||
<th id="E0505DC2FFD00061FC3FD234E1CFFE9D" box="[1017,1423,300,326]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">endopod</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A38134BEFFD00061FEA6D24DE1CFFEB4" box="[352,1423,341,367]" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<th id="E0505DC2FFD00061FEA6D24DE53AFEB4" box="[352,378,341,367]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P2</th>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FD8BD24DE6ACFEB4" box="[589,748,341,367]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.123</td>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FC3FD24DE1CFFEB4" box="[1017,1423,341,367]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.(0–1)21</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A38134BEFFD00061FEA6D265E1CFFE43" box="[352,1423,381,408]" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<th id="E0505DC2FFD00061FEA6D265E53AFE43" box="[352,378,381,408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P3</th>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FD8BD265E6ACFE43" box="[589,748,381,408]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.323</td>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FC3FD265E1CFFE43" box="[1017,1423,381,408]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.(0 or 2)21 [♂: 1.221 or 0.121]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A38134BEFFD00061FEA6D2BEE1CFFE1A" box="[352,1423,422,449]" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<th id="E0505DC2FFD00061FEA6D2BEE53AFE1A" box="[352,378,422,449]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P4</th>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FD8BD2BEE6ACFE1A" box="[589,748,422,449]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.(2–3)23</td>
|
||
<td id="E0505DC2FFD00061FC3FD2BEE1CFFE1A" box="[1017,1423,422,449]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">0–1.1.(0 or 2)21</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD0FF8DFF01D2F7E125FD89" blockId="19.[151,1437,495,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
P
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFF1ED2F7E541FDD1" box="[216,257,495,522]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
endopodal lobe with five setae, outermost shortest; inner margin without transverse striae. P
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFADFD2F7E102FDD1" box="[1305,1346,495,522]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
exopod elongate, with six elements. P
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFE3ED10BE666FDF5" box="[504,550,531,558]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="male">5 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
endopodal lobe with two elements, outer one shortest; exopod 1-, 2- or 3- segmented, with 6–7 elements in total. Vestigial P
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFD00D12FE6B0FD89" box="[710,752,567,594]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
represented by two minute setae. P
|
||
<specimenCount id="0BB7FD75FFD0FF8DFBB8D12FE0E7FD89" box="[1150,1191,567,594]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="male">6 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
with three setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="55AB6577FFD0FF8DFF01D143E1C2FDAE" box="[199,1410,603,630]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="type_taxon">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD0FF8DFF01D143E1C2FDAE" blockId="19.[151,1437,495,774]" box="[199,1410,603,630]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFF01D143E522FDAE" bold="true" box="[199,354,603,629]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<typeStatus id="C20A885EFFD0FF8DFF01D143E542FDAE" box="[199,258,603,629]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFEAFD143E7C8FDAE" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[361,904,603,629]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFEAFD143E626FDAE" box="[361,614,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">Parastenhelia hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFDAAD143E7C8FDAE" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[620,904,603,629]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(by subsequent designation;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFB08D144E136FDAE" author="Lang, K." box="[1230,1398,603,630]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 56" refId="ref75124" refString="Lang, K. (1934) Marine Harpacticiden von der Campbell-Insel und einigen anderen sudlichen Inseln. Acta Universitatis lundensis, New Series, Avd. 2, 30 (14), 1 - 56." type="journal article" year="1934">Lang 1934: 24</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="55AB6577FFD0FF8DFF01D167E7BCFCDD" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD0FF8DFF01D167E488FD66" blockId="19.[151,1437,495,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFF01D167E530FD42" bold="true" box="[199,368,639,665]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">Other species.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFEBED198E746FD42" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903" authorityName="Thompson & Scott" authorityYear="1903" box="[376,774,639,665]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFEBED198E59DFD42" box="[376,477,639,665]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P. similis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFE23D167E746FD42" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[485,774,639,665]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFCD5D198E0D8FD42" authority="Wells & Rao, 1987" authorityName="Wells & Rao" authorityYear="1987" box="[787,1176,639,666]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oligochaeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFCD5D198E7F4FD42" box="[787,948,639,665]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P. oligochaeta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFC7AD167E0D8FD42" author="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C." box="[956,1176,639,666]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="1 - 385" refId="ref82468" refString="Wells, J. B. J. & Rao, G. C. (1987) Littoral Harpacticoida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Memoirs of the zoological Survey of India, 16 (4), 1 - 385." type="journal article" year="1987">Wells & Rao, 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFB63D198E132FD42" box="[1189,1394,639,665]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="willemvervoorti" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFB63D198E132FD42" box="[1189,1394,639,665]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">P. willemvervoorti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFABDD167E488FD66" bold="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="34F65795FFD0FF8DFABDD167E488FD66" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D0E36FCFFD0FF8DFF01D1DFE7BCFCDD" blockId="19.[151,1437,495,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">
|
||
Species inquirendae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAB14D7FFFD0FF8DFE79D1DFE096FD39" authority="Thompson & Scott, 1903 sensu Noodt (1955 a)" authorityName="Noodt" authorityYear="1955" box="[447,1238,711,738]" class="Hexanauplia" family="Parastenheliidae" genus="Parastenhelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Harpacticoida" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hornelli">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFE79D1DFE6FDFD3A" box="[447,701,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">Parastenhelia hornelli</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFD02D1DFE7A2FD3A" author="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A." box="[708,994,711,737]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="227 - 307" refId="ref81143" refString="Thompson, I. C. & Scott, A. (1903) Report on the Copepoda collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, 1 (Supplement 7), pp. 227 - 307, pls. I - XX. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59334" type="journal article" year="1903">Thompson & Scott, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFBE9D1DFE096FD39" author="Noodt, W." box="[1071,1238,711,738]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="49 - 94" refId="ref76616" refString="Noodt, W. (1955 a) Marmara denizi Harpacticoid'leri (Crust. Cop.). [Marine Harpacticoiden (Crust. Cop.) aus dem Marmara Meer]. Istanbul Universitesi Fen Fakultesi Mecmuasi, (B), 20 (1 - 2), 49 - 94." type="journal article" year="1955">Noodt (1955a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFAEED1DFE4A4FCDE" author="Apostolov, A." pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="263 - 281" refId="ref67850" refString="Apostolov, A. (1973) Apport vers l'etude d'Harpacticoides pontiques habitant les algues marines. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 191, 263 - 281." type="journal article" year="1973">Apostolov (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFEF2D1F3E6DCFCDE" author="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I." box="[308,668,747,773]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="68 - 82" refId="ref67959" refString="Apostolov, A. & Pandourski, I. (1999) Marine harpacticoids (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the littoral of the Livingston Island (The Antarctic). Bulgarian Antarctic Research, Life Sciences, 2, 68 - 82." type="journal article" year="1999">Apostolov & Pandourski (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="79204B0DFFD0FF8DFCD1D1F3E7B7FCDD" author="Zaleha, K. & Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N." box="[791,1015,747,774]" pageId="19" pageNumber="255" pagination="140 - 145" refId="ref83258" refString="Zaleha, K., Roswati, M. A. & Iwasaki, N. (2006) Distribution of some species of harpacticoid copepods in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Coastal marine Science, 30, 140 - 145." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Zaleha
|
||
<emphasis id="2FC5EAEEFFD0FF8DFCACD1F4E7E3FCDE" box="[874,931,747,773]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="255">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |