328 lines
40 KiB
XML
328 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="3F4601333E1FA04D60283F9920A1009F" ID-CLB-Dataset="56269" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="85d55564-632a-4561-8028-a7a8cf3f5de7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162357" ID-ZooBank="88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1689748270342" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Turner, Thomas L. & Lonhart, Steve I." docDate="2023" docId="464C8784427BFFDCFF1DFCF2FDABFC01" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phorbas nebulosus Turner & Lonhart 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="159" masterDocId="BA75FFFC427EFFD4FF8AFFECFFD1FD64" masterDocTitle="The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area" masterLastPageNumber="194" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="156" updateTime="1699543835761" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="BBFF54434D29AE48449F7F145EF868D7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0B869C979D94DAE6B3AA5AC157E49087">
|
||
<mods:title id="01C00DFF15804B665ECB9F9D45581793">The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="FEA16818B33FECD664F9A1619572C798" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="BD071F7D0059E48B8C7726CA55A88AFB">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C8AE178B2CEDA613EF03A3A2DAB35CB0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="0C41D67F413D1CF957822E23DE18DBD2">Turner, Thomas L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="46CFBF17FB6EFC1E927A124EB69BC545">Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="1E23640BDFDF0F6DFD0FC34204F8D4FD" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F1B87AF2BA92603DB0622FCF2A9B77A2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="885F4D79509417A9C1632CB5245144B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="30CAC8FB485F4D9F2F8FBC47EF147051">Lonhart, Steve I.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F37C75D560945E7E4730788071774367" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5559-792X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="02EAB11FE49BF47F6DFC49AC00532FC5">Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary, National Ocean Service, NOAA, Santa Cruz, California, USA. steve. lonhart @ noaa. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5559 - 792 X</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ACCE7C8CEEFBAD408B44E12BF9AC456A" type="email">steve.lonhart@noaa.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="ADE3199A7185272F7F09250A9D0DA527">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="EF9B6E742B8F4DAF6599D6643CB70C31" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6582E404AEE9EE23B7A141CC1F64BB69">
|
||
<mods:title id="F65E062D544CFB5AB0C9B637EE8ECC63">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="1B44B036886467E7C940D42059687D7E">
|
||
<mods:date id="252CF8C52AB32B7178E783DDA8FB1D89">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="E7B76204CFF9DA0CECDF876C5E2206CE" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="DE430BC699DA300ED2BF291996478880">2023-07-19</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="BE73C6CDFDE4180DDEBE7DD8E024B4E0" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="D1BCF1854644FBEB3C750F2C5DECC999">5318</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5DBEF7D4CEB4A51EAC2085ED8E984F2E" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="D95928CF007F8B98A8871C5CDC451B6A">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="AAD3567CD8A535FE93DA334419D51A38" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="B1825CEA537A391A943D63156E491F58">151</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="EBCA3F4E714377AC7AD3C74EC87C0AC6">194</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="205F02E6A7B27F05CA700F91DA4438D6">
|
||
<mods:url id="9026D0D57C4D401CB55E172FC6128E5A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="5C1A3141B410F002B3BE61211E9A704F">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="790C6351FCDF8DDD2684DBA794239DE1" type="CLB-Dataset">56269</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="C13FEEE9359867D7551DBC04AF8532D2" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5318.2.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F2128E3A81DCFBB1F626181946E90F8C" type="GBIF-Dataset">85d55564-632a-4561-8028-a7a8cf3f5de7</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2A4A768326D7BAD45DD820D2ECE18364" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="CBBCD899C6A48D1B5F09859F76715CE4" type="Zenodo-Dep">8162357</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="794D2B13F01568B9E5E6967CD8F97310" type="ZooBank">88714F9C-0EE5-4295-9988-3CEEF242489D</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="464C8784427BFFDCFF1DFCF2FDABFC01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162363" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212416105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162363" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784427BFFDCFF1DFCF2FDABFC01" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/464C8784427BFFDCFF1DFCF2FDABFC01" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FE32FE5D" box="[151,483,798,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FE32FE5D" blockId="5.[151,483,798,861]" box="[151,483,798,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<heading id="951281FE427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FE32FE5D" bold="true" box="[151,483,798,825]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FE32FE5D" bold="true" box="[151,483,798,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FEAFFE5D" ID-CoL="20ffb308-1f13-46e4-91ff-b62b30c98cd3" authority="Turner & Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,382,798,825]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF1DFCF2FEAFFE5D" bold="true" box="[151,382,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Phorbas nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB427BFFD1FE0FFCF3FE32FE5D" box="[389,483,799,825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFD1FF1DFCAFFEF5FE39" box="[151,292,835,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF1DFCAFFEF5FE39" blockId="5.[151,483,798,861]" box="[151,292,835,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<figureCitation id="56DE2A17427BFFD1FF1DFCAFFEF1FE39" box="[151,288,835,861]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1946,1970]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1856,1880]" captionStartId-2="9.[151,250,1296,1320]" captionTargetBox-0="[154,1433,600,1920]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1433,185,1830]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,309,1272]" captionTargetId-0="figure-230@6.[151,1436,597,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure-22@7.[151,1436,181,1833]" captionTargetId-2="figure-85@9.[151,1436,309,1272]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the 28S locus for the Poecilosclerida. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the cox1 locus for the Poecilosclerida. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Phorbas nebulosus. A: Holotype in the field. B: Field photo of SBMNH700928. C: Choanosomal skeleton. D: Ectosomal skeleton. E–F: Chelae. G: Long and short acanthostyles. H: Tornote. C–H from holotype." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162361" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162365" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162371" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8162361/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8162365/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8162371/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Figures 2–4</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFD1FF1DFC66FF25FE89" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF1DFC66FF25FE89" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF1DFC66FE57FEC0" bold="true" box="[151,390,906,932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF427BFFD1FE18FC67FEB1FEAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966325" collectionCode="CASIZ, IZC" elevation="14" latitude="36.5591" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-121.9663" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" specimenCode="CASIZ236661, IZC00048467" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FE18FC67FE2EFEC1" box="[402,511,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9427BFFD1FD85FC67FD62FEC1" box="[527,691,907,933]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">CASIZ236661</specimenCode>
|
||
/
|
||
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9427BFFD1FD36FC67FC8AFEC1" box="[700,859,907,933]" collectionCode="IZC" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">IZC00048467</specimenCode>
|
||
, Inner Carmel Pinnacle, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055427BFFD1FB07FC66FB2AFEC1" box="[1165,1275,906,933]" degrees="36.55910" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" precision="1" value="36.5591">36.55910</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055427BFFD1FA86FC67FA41FEC1" box="[1292,1424,907,933]" degrees="121.96630" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" precision="1" value="-121.9663">-121.96630</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="091D9B77427BFFD1FF1DFC43FF2DFEAD" box="[151,252,943,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">
|
||
<elevation id="45C8D1A1427BFFD1FF1DFC43FF2DFEAD" box="[151,252,943,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 8/10/21
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="7E8D3CCF427BFFD1FEE6FC43FA46FEAD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4161966346" box="[364,1431,943,969]" collectionCode="SBMNH" elevation="14" latitude="34.02132" location="Wycoff Ledge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.3871" municipality="San Miguel Island" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" specimenCode="SBMNH700928" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FEE6FC43FE03FEAD" box="[364,466,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="9E439EE9427BFFD1FE56FC43FD46FEAD" box="[476,663,943,969]" collectionCode="SBMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34834" name="Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="Museum">SBMNH700928</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="CB3A6049427BFFD1FD2BFC43FC95FEAD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:464C8784427BFFDCFF1DFCF2FDABFC01:CB3A6049427BFFD1FD2BFC43FC95FEAD" box="[673,836,943,969]" latitude="34.02132" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-120.3871" municipality="San Miguel Island" name="Wycoff Ledge" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Wycoff Ledge</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="2E3EACE8427BFFD1FCC5FC43FBCFFEAD" box="[847,1054,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">San Miguel Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055427BFFD1FBBBFC43FB4EFEAD" box="[1073,1183,943,969]" degrees="34.02132" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" precision="1" value="34.02132">34.02132</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="ABD15055427BFFD1FB23FC43FAFFFEAD" box="[1193,1326,943,969]" degrees="120.38710" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" precision="1" value="-120.3871">-120.38710</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="091D9B77427BFFD1FACBFC43FA46FEAD" box="[1345,1431,943,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="9.0">
|
||
<elevation id="45C8D1A1427BFFD1FACBFC43FA46FEAD" box="[1345,1431,943,969]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="m" value="14.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="9.0">9–19 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, 8/25/19.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFD1FF4DFC1BFD9AFB11" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFC1BFB48F975" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" box="[199,1177,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DFC1BFE9FF975" bold="true" box="[199,334,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named for its resemblance to supernova remnants such as the crab nebula.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFBF7FDC4F919" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DFBF7FEB0F951" bold="true" box="[199,353,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Morphology.</emphasis>
|
||
Thickly encrusting;
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FDCFFBF7FD76F951" box="[581,679,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="091D9B77427BFFD1FD4CFBF7FD2DF951" box="[710,764,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick,
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FCCDFBF7FC76F951" box="[839,935,1051,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
is
|
||
<quantity id="091D9B77427BFFD1FC4CFBF7FBD7F951" box="[966,1030,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick. Pale orange when alive, beige when preserved. Sponge surface is nearly covered in areolae, with scattered oscula also present. Areolae flush with surface, but oscula slightly raised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFB6AFB98F98D" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DFB6AFEE4F9C4" bold="true" box="[199,309,1158,1184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Skeleton.</emphasis>
|
||
Choanosomal skeleton with plumose dendritic columns of acanthostyles rising towards the surface; tracts are loose and confused, with many individual spicules also in confusion. Ectosomal skeleton of upright and tangential tornote bouquets. Chelae present throughout, but most dense in ectosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFB1EFE54F855" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DFB1EFEE1F868" bold="true" box="[199,304,1266,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Spicules.</emphasis>
|
||
Long acanthostyles, short acanthostyles, tornotes, arcuate isochelae. Measurements below are for both samples pooled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFAD7FEE8F81D" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Long acanthostyles: moderately spined throughout, usually most densely spined at head. 224–283–317 x 7–11– 15 μm (n=11).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFA6FFDE7F8A5" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Short acanthostyles: spines average larger and more dense than large acanthostyles, but with some overlap. 127–166–182 x 6–10–12 μm (n=17).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DFA27FD58FB49" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Tornotes: straight rods with both ends tapering to points; points variable, but most smoothly tapering, resembling oxeas; many appear symmetrical, while others are slightly asymmetrical, with one point more abruptly tapering than the other. 205–245–284 x 5–6–9 μm (n=40).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DF9DBFD9AFB11" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Arcuate isochelae: curved shaft, three alae; center ala slightly longer than side alae, and variably rounded or slightly pointed. 14–18–21 μm (n=32).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFD1FF4DF992FB8BFB85" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD1FF4DF992FB8BFB85" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DF992FE21FBFC" bold="true" box="[199,496,1662,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Distribution and habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from two samples, one from the Carmel Pinnacles and one from San Miguel Island (Southern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0C21F870427BFFD1FEDDF94FFE1FFBD9" box="[343,462,1699,1725]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
); both locations were natural, rocky subtidal reefs. The species is likely to be rare in the investigated region, as it is visually distinctive and has not been seen at any other site.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86FF6519427BFFDCFF4DF907FDABFC01" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A3692427BFFD2FF4DF907FE10FD9D" blockId="5.[151,1437,906,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="157" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF4DF907FEEAFA61" bold="true" box="[199,315,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The arcuate isochelae, areolated pore fields, plumose tracts of acanthostyles, and tangential ecotosomal brushes of tornotes lead to placement in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FC88F8E3FCB0FA4D" box="[770,865,1807,1833]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FC88F8E3FCB0FA4D" box="[770,865,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Phorbas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genetic data are unable to strongly support or refute this placement, as the genus appears highly polyphyletic (figures 2 & 3). Genetic data from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FAE6F8DFFA4DFA29" box="[1388,1436,1843,1869]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FF7FF8BBFCDAFA15" authority="Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[245,779,1879,1905]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amaranthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF7FF8BBFE47FA15" box="[245,406,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">P. amaranthus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63427BFFD1FE17F8BBFCDAFA15" author="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G." box="[413,779,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref24148" refString="Duchassaing de Fonbressin, P. & Michelotti, G. (1864) Spongiaires de la mer Caraibe. Natuurkundige verhandelingen van de Hollandsche maatschappij der wetenschappen te Haarlem, 21, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1864">Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are available at 18S, and place the
|
||
<typeStatus id="115E8830427BFFD1FB1CF8BBFB17FA15" box="[1174,1222,1879,1905]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species in a poorly supported clade near
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FE08F897FDABFAF1" baseAuthorityName="Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[386,634,1915,1941]" class="Demospongiae" family="Coelosphaeridae" genus="Lissodendoryx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fibrosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FE08F897FDABFAF1" box="[386,634,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Lissodendoryx fibrosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FD0DF897FCF8FAF1" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[647,809,1915,1941]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crellidae" genus="Crella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FD0DF897FCF8FAF1" box="[647,809,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Crella elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FCEEF897FAB5FAF1" authority="(Redmond et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="Redmond" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[868,1380,1915,1941]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hemimycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="columella">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FCEEF897FBB5FAF1" box="[868,1124,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Hemimycale columella</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B63427BFFD1FBF9F897FA8CFAF1" author="Redmond, N. E. & Morrow, C. C. & Thacker, R. W. & Diaz, M. C. & Boury-Esnault, N. & Cardenas, P. & Hajdu, E. & Lobo-Hajdu, G. & Picton, B. E. & Pomponi, S. A. & Kayal, E. & Collins, A. G." box="[1139,1373,1915,1941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" pagination="388 - 415" refId="ref25975" refString="Redmond, N. E., Morrow, C. C., Thacker, R. W., Diaz, M. C., Boury-Esnault, N., Cardenas, P., Hajdu, E., Lobo-Hajdu, G., Picton, B. E., Pomponi, S. A., Kayal, E. & Collins, A. G. (2013) Phylogeny and systematics of Demospongiae in light of new smallsubunit ribosomal DNA (18 S) sequences. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 53, 388 - 415. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / icb / ict 078" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
Redmond
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FB6CF897FACCFAF1" box="[1254,1309,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Our phylogenies share some species in common with the published 18S phylogeny (but not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FBE0F873FADAFADD" authorityName="Duchassaing & Michelotti" authorityYear="1864" box="[1130,1291,1951,1977]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="amaranthus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FBE0F873FADAFADD" box="[1130,1291,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">P. amaranthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and appear to place
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FF73F82FFE57FAB9" authority="Turner & Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[249,390,1987,2013]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FF73F82FFE57FAB9" box="[249,390,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">P. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FE05F82FFE3BFAB9" bold="true" box="[399,490,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB427BFFD1FE05F82FFE3BFAB9" box="[399,490,1987,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in this same large clade, albeit closer to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FC35F82FFBB5FAB9" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[959,1124,1987,2013]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crellidae" genus="Crella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="elegans">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FC35F82FFBB5FAB9" box="[959,1124,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Crella elegans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D11427BFFD1FABCF82FFA44FAB9" box="[1334,1429,1987,2013]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="5" pageNumber="156" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA80427BFFD1FABCF82FFA44FAB9" box="[1334,1429,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="156">Phorbas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FE9BFF7BFE89FDD5" authorityName="J E Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[273,344,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crellidae" genus="Crella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FE9BFF7BFE89FDD5" box="[273,344,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Crella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has areolated pore fields, but is currently defined by having a tangential crust of spiny oxeas, anisoxeas, or styles (van Soest 2002). The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FD5BFF57FCC9FDB1" authorityName="J E Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[721,792,187,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Crellidae" genus="Crella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FD5BFF57FCC9FDB1" box="[721,792,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Crella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would therefore have to undergo substantial revision to house
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FF6AFF33FEB1FD9D" authority="Turner & Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[224,352,223,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosa" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FF6AFF33FEB1FD9D" box="[224,352,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. nebulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FEEDFF33FE10FD9D" bold="true" box="[359,449,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB4278FFD2FEEDFF33FE10FD9D" box="[359,449,223,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A36924278FFD2FF4DFEEFFCBDFF59" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
Two other California species are currently placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FC08FEEFFC30FC79" box="[898,993,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FC08FEEFFC30FC79" box="[898,993,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Phorbas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FC65FEEFFA4DFC79" authority="(de Laubenfels, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1007,1436,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FC65FEEFFB4EFC79" box="[1007,1183,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. californianus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634278FFD2FB24FEEFFA45FC79" author="de Laubenfels, M. W." box="[1198,1428,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref25222" refString="de Laubenfels, M. W. (1932) The marine and fresh-water sponges of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 81, 1 - 140. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.81 - 2927.1" type="journal article" year="1932">de Laubenfels, 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FF4DFECBFE20FC25" authority="(Bakus, 1966)" baseAuthorityName="Bakus" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[199,497,295,321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hoffmani">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FF4DFECBFE96FC25" box="[199,327,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. hoffmani</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634278FFD2FEDDFECBFE38FC25" author="Bakus, G. J." box="[343,489,295,321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="415 - 531" refId="ref23263" refString="Bakus, G. J. (1966) Marine poeciloscleridan sponges of the San Juan Archipelago, Washington. Journal of Zoology, 149, 415 - 531. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1966. tb 02994. x" type="journal article" year="1966">Bakus, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both are easily differentiated from the new species by multiple spicular characters including the absence of chelae. The only other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FD31FEA7FCCBFC01" box="[699,794,331,357]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FD31FEA7FCCBFC01" box="[699,794,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Phorbas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
known from the Northeast Pacific is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FB4CFEA7FE1DFCED" authority="Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2012" authorityName="Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo" authorityYear="2012" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reginae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FB4CFEA7FAE9FC00" box="[1222,1336,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. reginae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634278FFD2FAB4FEA7FE1DFCED" author="Aguilar-Camacho, J. M. & Carballo, J. L." pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="1139 - 1153" refId="ref23131" refString="Aguilar-Camacho, J. M. & Carballo, J. L. (2012) New and little-known Poecilosclerid sponges from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Zoological Studies, 51, 1139 - 1153." type="journal article" year="2012">Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Gulf of California,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6F276024278FFD2FCAAFE83FCA8FCED" box="[800,889,367,393]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This last species is well differentiated from the new species by multiple spicular characters including possession of tylotornotes and differently shaped chelae.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FF1DFE5BFE85FCB4" authorityName="Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,340,439,465]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reginae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FF1DFE5BFE85FCB4" box="[151,340,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Phorbas reginae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has much smaller acanthostyles, with the larger class averaging less than half as long as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FA02FE5BFED6FC91" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FA02FE5BFED6FC91" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the small acanthostyles only a third as long as
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FCCAFE37FC02FC91" box="[832,979,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FCCAFE37FC1EFC91" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[832,975,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus">P. nebulosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Morphology also differs, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FAA7FE37FA4CFC90" authorityName="Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo" authorityYear="2012" box="[1325,1437,475,500]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reginae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FAA7FE37FA4CFC90" box="[1325,1437,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. reginae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being black in ethanol and lacking of visible ostia and oscules, but these differences could be due to the greater age of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FF55FDCFFE9EFF58" authorityName="Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo" authorityYear="2012" box="[223,335,547,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reginae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FF55FDCFFE9EFF58" box="[223,335,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">P. reginae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA744B634278FFD2FE5AFDCFFCB1FF59" author="Aguilar-Camacho, J. M. & Carballo, J. L." box="[464,864,547,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" pagination="1139 - 1153" refId="ref23131" refString="Aguilar-Camacho, J. M. & Carballo, J. L. (2012) New and little-known Poecilosclerid sponges from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. Zoological Studies, 51, 1139 - 1153." type="journal article" year="2012">Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9A9A661A4278FFD2FF1DF876FCD4FA9E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162361/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" startId="6.[151,250,1946,1970]" targetBox="[154,1433,600,1920]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A36924278FFD2FF1DF876FCD4FA9E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1946,2042]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FF1DF876FEDCFAD6" bold="true" box="[151,269,1946,1970]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804278FFD2FD21F877FD00FAD7" box="[683,721,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">28S</emphasis>
|
||
locus for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114278FFD2FCD4F876FC2DFAD6" box="[862,1020,1946,1970]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Poecilosclerida</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="9A9A661A4279FFD3FF1DF8ACFCD4FAC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8162365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8162365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8162365/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" startId="7.[151,250,1856,1880]" targetBox="[151,1433,185,1830]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A36924279FFD3FF1DF8ACFCD4FAC4" blockId="7.[151,1437,1856,1953]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804279FFD3FF1DF8ACFEDCFA3D" bold="true" box="[151,269,1856,1881]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of the
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804279FFD3FD2DF8ADFD07FA3D" box="[679,726,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">cox1</emphasis>
|
||
locus for the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114279FFD3FCEBF8ADFC2EFA3D" box="[865,1023,1857,1881]" class="Demospongiae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" phylum="Porifera" rank="order">Poecilosclerida</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Genbank accession numbers are shown; bold indicates new sequences. Node confidence is based on bootstrapping. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Colors indicate clades containing new taxa, as referenced in the text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE5A36924276FFDCFF4DFF7BFDABFC01" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114276FFDCFF4DFF7BFE4AFDD5" authority="Turner & Lonhart, 2023" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[199,411,151,177]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFF4DFF7BFE4AFDD5" box="[199,411,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Phorbas nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFE2AFF7BFE29FDD5" bold="true" box="[416,504,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB4276FFDCFE2AFF7BFE29FDD5" box="[416,504,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be tentatively identified in the field based on color and being completely covered in roughly circular pore fields.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114276FFDCFE7DFF57FCDAFDB1" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Turner & Lonhart" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[503,779,187,213]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Hemimycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="polyboletus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFE7DFF57FCDAFDB1" box="[503,779,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">Hemimycale polyboletus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7A257FB4276FFDCFC99FF57FBDFFDB1" box="[787,1038,187,213]" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">comb. nov., nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(see below) is similar, but the pore fields of that species (and
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFE3CFF33FDECFD9D" box="[438,573,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114276FFDCFE3CFF33FDE7FD9D" baseAuthorityName="Bakus" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[438,566,223,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="hoffmani">P. hoffmani</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are usually elevated on papillae. Known samples of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114276FFDCFB0BFF33FAE1FD9D" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[1153,1328,223,249]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="californianus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFB0BFF33FAE1FD9D" box="[1153,1328,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">P. californianus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are white or blue, not orange, and the pore fields are larger and amorphous. There are also one or more undescribed species covered in circular areolae in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0C21F8704276FFDCFE7AFECBFDB5FC25" box="[496,612,295,321]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
, similar in color to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09E54D114276FFDCFCC0FECBFC06FC25" authorityName="Turner & Lonhart" authorityYear="2023" box="[842,983,295,321]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hymedesmiidae" genus="Phorbas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="8" pageNumber="159" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FC91EA804276FFDCFCC0FECBFC06FC25" box="[842,983,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="159">P. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but these species are thinly encrusting rather than thickly encrusting and globular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |