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159 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="264788" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2aaa4e51-ec7b-4d32-ba88-5d690b8f2a01" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-3-276" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" ModsDocID="2032-3921-156-3-276" checkinTime="1693470036859" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rasaminirina, Fitiavana & Larridon, Isabel" docDate="2023" docId="314B26648D7E5248868F2FBBB43264A7" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 156(3): 276-310" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (3)" docPubDate="2023-08-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847" docTitle="Scleria P. J. Bergius (Bergius 1765" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" lastPageNumber="276" masterDocId="BC5E6BD70022518ABF185FC3C18147CE" masterDocTitle="The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="310" masterPageNumber="276" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1720463581714" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:mods id="0405EE116267D5C1884F41268E03DAAF" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A583EDA75408DFACDDE6A42F76E2389E">
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<mods:title id="8E9C6E4AB7423E52E63F478A0CB10DBE">The genera of Cyperaceae of Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="5F804D0480FCCF8457B2CEF35D0B6C8C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0EE9524B232760AB6F80872EBF2B7286">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C74DFCA29E3CAE80475E4DDCB61D3340">Rasaminirina, Fitiavana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8116DAF2EAD6DF63A61FB7E662857B81" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0162-7975</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="84F1814C847B04B2F7F436D23F8AC1D8">University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8238AF590069365ABE559400B0C186EC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F664701FCAB69402E7E67A4DC10F73E8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EDD1CCD779EBC135D9B686CD08DB4177">Larridon, Isabel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8F79C1BC505E41C300B7381F3785FE96" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0285-722X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="284133FAA71C4AD494005F55BEBB1B1B">Kew Madagascar Conservation Centre, Antananarivo, Madagascar & Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FCCDCF5CD916EE0C98FA5359EFAAFA93" type="email">i.larridon@kew.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A877029263CE049AEE1E4BAC45B08586">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="EC14B8E269F14DFAB8521F1485EADB83">
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<mods:title id="A009E8E247521DF91AE7CDA11E22DD1A">Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="BC4A88637DDC636643F0EE0D15C1260F">
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<mods:date id="82FC0020D091AEFEB55ECB58609A5A73">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="405348EDCECD965CF0B9E192A0DA66B2" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="987E62A57692A1B8DED03C91309527A2">2023-08-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E4424DA6B5D9F4E4FFC6A269A104637A" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E4E3CC5C9617F0545BA65667C34AFC9E">156</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="D12692B8585A016A390665693DBCA595" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5E9CB1A46BB1DB4C1466D8DD47FD439A">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9EB9E10880B773B25B750991ECF8DB7E">276</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CD0AA315D0F27E0D371ABA77838C105C">310</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="8EE05DB538F7E93C4797236E3DE76799">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F038196058A61F5BAC571DFDC55F44D3">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="38EB1017CD456B0576A5CC14555E5102" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.98847</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="314B26648D7E5248868F2FBBB43264A7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212738579" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:314B26648D7E5248868F2FBBB43264A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/314B26648D7E5248868F2FBBB43264A7" lastPageNumber="276" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<subSubSection id="C54E8DEAA55C75E536992F1028A176C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3B88E0EA2C75A81E650C0A7CE01164A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="E922B10EA50A9A8958829B5698E31032" ID-CoL="8W3GC" LSID="314B2664-8D7E-5248-868F-2FBBB43264A7" authority="P. J. Bergius (Bergius 1765: 142)" authorityName="P. J. Bergius (Bergius" authorityYear="1765" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Scleria P.J.Bergius (Bergius 1765: 142)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="483BABD8E12F11734EC60A2F35E2D566" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="0D28289C4D8D3D6F5D7DEDA859C49C00" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6C50E2BE68FAA888C738738157CC536C" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="25AE22C79B98DFFF3B21D3ED1437462D" authorityName="P.J.Bergius" authorityYear="1765" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria flagellum-nigrorum" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flagellum-nigrorum">
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<emphasis id="F34BBC77CA1A0246DF1572BED8FB1059" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria flagellum-nigrorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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P.J.Bergius
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FC16B46F00D79742A4596CB2421DD38E" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C967052BE46E644CA6339E462E5CA30B" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Description of the genus.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB8F1645078AC1DA4A9EFE648064474D" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Habit variable, from tiny annuals with fibrous roots to perennial climbers more than 10 meters tall; stoloniferous rhizome or tubers; aerial adventitious roots at stem nodes (adaptation to flooded habitats). Culms trigonous or triquetrous, noded bearing leaves often without ligules, sometimes with a contraligule. Leaves alternate, tristichously arranged, often persistent at the base, and finely serrate at least along the distal third of the margins, rarely smooth: sometimes abruptly narrowed down or pseudopraemorse; sheaths sometimes winged, usually topped by a contraligule, opposite to the blade. Inflorescence bracts leaf-like and sheathing, setaceous, or glume-like; spikelet bract usually setaceous, rarely glume-like. Inflorescence variable, usually paniculate, but often with contracted partial inflorescences. Spikelets bearing flowers of one or both sexes, the bisexual ones with one basal female and one to few male flowers above; female spikelet similar but upper part reduced to 1-2 empty scales or wanting; male spikelet lacking basal female flower and with more male flowers. Glumes in androgynous or bisexual spikelets the lower part is female with distichously arranged glumes (a few may be empty), upper part male with few to many spirally arranged glumes. Florets always unisexual, enclosed by at least three glumes. Bristles absent. Stamens 1-3, anthers often linear, more or less apiculate. Style 3-fid; ovary surrounded at the base by a variously shaped (sometimes reduced) lobed hypogynium, which is shed with the fruit. Nutlets globose to ovoid, variously sculptured and ornamented, usually white, sometimes beaked, subtended by a cupule, frequently surrounded by a hypogynium.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3B08EEC9F9BC2E1CB6D1DC10FFB2B3D1" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="9E13F91A1E231EFB5B2A72A69BF3996A" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D39E0D5F06CAFFFF08758E92AAB8E26" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<taxonomicName id="3406FB98C73990A9E8717E8F0E1A8AB1" authorityName="P. J. Bergius (Bergius" authorityYear="1765" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="03A44FE45933B121EA23F9312F0D8D71" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is widely distributed in the tropics and subtropics up to North America (
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<bibRefCitation id="9ADBAE81767581BADA6040577151E7BC" author="Persoon, CH" journalOrPublisher="3 e Aufl. O. R. Reisland, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" publicationUrl="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" refId="B39" refString="2022. . http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2022">POWO 2022</bibRefCitation>
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). It grows in seasonally damp or permanently wet habitats, woodland, forests stream sides, and grasslands (
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<bibRefCitation id="ABD59E4B1E83E2A040228CC665A26619" author="Browning, J" journalOrPublisher="Appendix 5. J. Murray, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" refId="B8" refString="Browning, J, Goetghebeur, P, 2017. Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1-103." title="Sedges (Cyperaceae) Genera of Africa and Madagascar. Matador, Market Harborough, 1 - 103." year="2017">Browning and Goetghebeur 2017</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="0ECE9F67F1AE6E4F1B9DC826906F90CB" authorityName="P. J. Bergius (Bergius" authorityYear="1765" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E9048AB605D9577960B93A58AD0E45AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs throughout Madagascar. The 25 previously known species, including e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="E846D90A7BB8009F8E7285467CA70DE2" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria bulbifera" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulbifera">
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<emphasis id="9A761E6428D7922F009457160FE7E60E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria bulbifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Hochst. ex A.Rich. (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="55A89A7B28944DC85AB06BDD9043E323" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Scleria bulbifera. A. Habit showing rhizome. B. Junction of lamina and sheath. C. Androgynous spikelet with lower prophyll and one glume removed; remainder displaced to show lower female floret and upper male florets. D. Glomerule of three spikelets. E. Nutlet. A-D from Hilliard & Burtt 13394; E from Hilliard & Burtt 18036. Scale bars: A = 40 mm; B-E = 2 mm. Drawn by Jane Browning, reproduced with permission from the artist, originally published in Gordon-Gray (1995)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898158" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">7</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="8CBEEB31C9C90F66CF9EC8A2B4A4BD92" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria distans" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="distans">
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<emphasis id="50D51433975E9A3ECE0D17A480AB29EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria distans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Poir. (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="479B92A17B6C75EED6555361FCDB4562" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A. Scleria distans. B. Bulbostylis itremoensis. C. Fuirena pubescens (pale green) and Schoenoplectiella corymbosa (dark green). All photos by Fitiavana Rasaminirina." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898159" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">8A</figureCitation>
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), were recently monographed (
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<bibRefCitation id="F3CFF78DC569C9B6DFB6AE197762F92B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2019.64.03.01" author="Diaz, JG" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" pagination="195 - 213" refId="B13" refString="Diaz, JG, Bauters, K, Rabarivola, L, Xanthos, M, Goetghebeur, P, Larridon, I, 2019. A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar. Blumea 64 (3): 195 - 213, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2019.64.03.01" title="A revision of Scleria (Cyperaceae) in Madagascar." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/blumea.2019.64.03.01" volume="64" year="2019">
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<normalizedToken id="07309216141D93FA51DB2A218A462563" originalValue="Díaz">Diaz</normalizedToken>
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et al. 2019
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</bibRefCitation>
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), and a new species has been recently discovered from northern Madagascar (Larridon et al. unpubl. data).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="D53F429394A29B6692CED3695948019B" doi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898158" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph id="5015BAB6C5055D66F02A7BEE174AD5FF" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="017D7CA12747351B0A302C3E3E39A168" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CF29621E852C6CF738C1B0721DC257ED" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria bulbifera" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bulbifera">
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<emphasis id="387FD2CACDA2A281B40CC3C4E7543752" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria bulbifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="B3522124F918432D23E0E967EE1E9968" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">A</emphasis>
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. Habit showing rhizome.
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<emphasis id="FFEEF37E54F89274A6C5170728579072" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">B</emphasis>
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. Junction of lamina and sheath.
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<emphasis id="B69B368087A001D7FC1DCE1F5D34155B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">C</emphasis>
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. Androgynous spikelet with lower prophyll and one glume removed; remainder displaced to show lower female floret and upper male florets.
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<emphasis id="31B15B5EE2C92C150A0B55A9A58F8D3E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">D</emphasis>
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. Glomerule of three spikelets.
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<emphasis id="2745214773BE8D3A22B381B72914AE5D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">E</emphasis>
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. Nutlet. A-D from
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<emphasis id="344188126AEF481A36B7816C4E2566BE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Hilliard & Burtt 13394</emphasis>
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; E from
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<emphasis id="2A78B8548C2EECF03785F043412B7F43" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Hilliard & Burtt 18036</emphasis>
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. Scale bars: A = 40 mm; B-E = 2 mm. Drawn by Jane Browning, reproduced with permission from the artist, originally published in
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<bibRefCitation id="E29ED9B6450283555DDA9E9E9D72FD6F" author="Gordon-Gray, KD" journalOrPublisher="Strelitzia" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" pagination="1 - 218" refId="B17" refString="Gordon-Gray, KD, 1995. Cyperaceae in Natal. Strelitzia 2: 1 - 218" title="Cyperaceae in Natal." volume="2" year="1995">Gordon-Gray (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="1EB26C95450B9834529ACFBF326F042E" doi="10.5091/plecevo.98847.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/898159" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
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<paragraph id="D43158A389B57BE45E4451C378C68C73" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">
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<emphasis id="00C3C8A0F9CB4A03449EE7E92D457B2F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Figure 8.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="F3143FFD308684BFD34DCCE60BEC2EF8" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">A</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="EB22F6D2C3E769FA9A2E4D376866CD49" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Scleria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Scleria distans" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="distans">
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<emphasis id="BE1ED0BB6F407EC5618A016C1D87F402" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Scleria distans</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="A9A0657745A6CD76BCABBCD7E0FAFB35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">B</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="810C880013EC039C73ED1C2640BDD10F" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Bulbostylis" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bulbostylis itremoensis" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="itremoensis">
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<emphasis id="AC5C8C3622E9E774502D4DCE83F303C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Bulbostylis itremoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="9EB059634D6C7C5DEC7E8CFA57859188" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">C</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="EBF7043AA8E65A4AE22F8B0E2596BFFF" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Fuirena" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fuirena pubescens" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
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<emphasis id="D7939C6A56A028002D44C54901F659FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Fuirena pubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(pale green) and
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<taxonomicName id="AA36DFCC1C0CA2DAD81157C96D3DBE1A" class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Schoenoplectiella" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schoenoplectiella corymbosa" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="276" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corymbosa">
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<emphasis id="56510A9ECC96F95EEA8303E8261A6E63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="276">Schoenoplectiella corymbosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(dark green). All photos by Fitiavana Rasaminirina.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |