334 lines
36 KiB
XML
334 lines
36 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A251EEACD2E714698D0DC98A2F7000C4">A review of North and Central American Paragrilus Saunders, 1871 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Agrilinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BFC41A5DF67F3C544D9D9E96CE08B60B">Hespenheide, Henry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="082F9744A6D73DB5511DE5A246629711">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A13B87F6D3F1512CEF4200D726B0EA54">2002</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1ED7F89AFA98C5EF323A21B879938244">43</mods:number>
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<treatment id="126187E4AF41B06C807B978FFC67FC73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6277732" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119329634" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6277732" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:126187E4AF41B06C807B978FFC67FC73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/126187E4AF41B06C807B978FFC67FC73" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="D2D26579AF41B06E807B978FFD8FFA40" box="[264,591,1443,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF41B06E807B978FFD8FFA40" blockId="1.[264,591,1443,1470]" box="[264,591,1443,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="C13F819EAF41B06E807B978FFD8FFA40" bold="true" box="[264,591,1443,1470]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E807B978FFD8FFA40" ID-CoL="63K4T" ID-ENA="1580748" authority="Saunders, 1871" authorityName="Saunders" authorityYear="1871" box="[264,591,1443,1470]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E807B978FFD8FFA40" bold="true" box="[264,591,1443,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E807B978FFE48FA43" bold="true" box="[264,392,1444,1470]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paragrilus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E80E39788FD8FFA40" author="Saunders" box="[400,591,1443,1469]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Saunders, E. (1871) Catalogus Buprestidarum Synonymicus et Systematicus. J. Janson, London, 171 pp," type="book" year="1871">Saunders, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D2D26579AF41B06E807B97C4FD71F97B" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF41B06E807B97C4FC4DF99B" blockId="1.[264,1243,1519,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BAD811DCAF41B06E807B97C4FC4DF99B" infered="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E807B97C4FD9DF9FB" ID-CoL="63K4T" authority="Saunders, 1871: 127" authorityName="Saunders" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1871" box="[264,605,1519,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E807B97C4FEBBF9FB" box="[264,379,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paragrilus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="1B6910E3AF41B06E80F197C4FD9DF9FB" author="Saunders" box="[386,605,1519,1542]" page="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1871">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E80F197C4FDEAF9FB" author="Saunders" box="[386,554,1519,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Saunders, E. (1871) Catalogus Buprestidarum Synonymicus et Systematicus. J. Janson, London, 171 pp," type="book" year="1871">Saunders, 1871</bibRefCitation>
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: 127
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(replacement name for
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E822897C4FBEEF9FB" ID-CoL="3QZP" authority="Deyrolle" authorityName="Deyrolle" box="[859,1070,1519,1542]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Clinocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E822897C4FC06F9FB" box="[859,966,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Clinocera</emphasis>
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Deyrolle
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<typeStatus id="45738850AF41B06E804B9424FEADF9DB" box="[312,365,1551,1574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E80BC9424FCC4F9DB" ID-CoL="B5WH" authority="Solier, 1833" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1833" box="[463,772,1551,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Agrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modicus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E80BC9424FDBDF9DB" box="[463,637,1551,1574]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Agrilus modicus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E83F79424FCC4F9DB" author="Solier" box="[644,772,1551,1574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1833) Essai sur les Buprestides. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 2, 261 - 316." type="journal article" year="1833">Solier, 1833</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(subsequent designation:
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<treatmentCitation id="1B6910E3AF41B06E85699424FB0EF9DB" author="Nelson" box="[1050,1230,1551,1574]" page="71" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" year="1987">
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E85699424FB66F9DB" author="Nelson" box="[1050,1190,1551,1574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="28" refString="Nelson, G. H. (1987) Taxonomic notes on the genera Agrilus, Chrysobothris and Paragrilus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). Coleopterists Bulletin, 41, 67 - 72." type="journal article" year="1987">Nelson 1987</bibRefCitation>
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: 71
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E807B9404FDD6F9BB" ID-CoL="3QZP" authority="Deyrolle 1864" authorityName="Deyrolle" authorityYear="1864" box="[264,534,1583,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Clinocera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E807B9404FEB3F9BB" box="[264,371,1583,1606]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Clinocera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E80099404FDD6F9BB" author="Deyrolle" box="[378,534,1583,1606]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refString="Deyrolle, H. (1864) Description des Buprestides de la Malaisie recueilles par M. Wallace. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 8, 1 - 312." type="journal article" year="1864">Deyrolle 1864</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 116. (name preoccupied, Meigen 1803,
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E82BB9404FBDDF9BB" ID-CoL="D2P" box="[968,1053,1583,1606]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
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).
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<typeStatus id="45738850AF41B06E804C9464FEB4F99B" box="[319,372,1615,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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species: unavailable (no
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<typeStatus id="45738850AF41B06E83F29464FD6FF99B" box="[641,687,1615,1638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
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species designation)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF41B06E807B9444FD71F97B" blockId="1.[264,1243,1519,1670]" box="[264,689,1647,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E807B9444FE55F97B" ID-CoL="789L" box="[264,405,1647,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Rhaeboscelis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E807B9444FE55F97B" box="[264,405,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rhaeboscelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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auct. not Chevrolat, 1837.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D2D26579AF41B06C807B949CFC67FC73" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF41B06E807B949CFE0EF8B4" blockId="1.[264,1324,1719,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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The genus has been most recently treated by
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<bibRefCitation id="FE594B03AF41B06E8252949CFC02F92C" author="Cobos" box="[801,962,1719,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="27" refString="Cobos, A. (1976) Estudio sobre Rhaeboscelis Chevrolat, 1837 y generos afines. EOS, Revista Espanola de Entomologia, 50 (" 1974 "), 19 - 40." type="journal article" year="1976">Cobos (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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in relation to the other genera in the subtribe
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E80CF94F4FD41F904" box="[444,641,1759,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Rhaeboscelidina">Rhaeboscelidina</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E83FD94F4FC39F905" authority="Chevrolat and Ve" authorityName="Chevrolat and Ve" box="[654,1017,1759,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Rhaeboscelis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E83FD94F4FCE9F905" box="[654,809,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Rhaeboscelis</emphasis>
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Chevrolat and
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E829394F4FC39F905" box="[992,1017,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Ve</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lu t ia Kerremans. Examination of the
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<typeStatus id="45738850AF41B06E80D6952CFE18F8DC" box="[421,472,1799,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">type</typeStatus>
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of
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E8373952CFD6EF8DD" box="[512,686,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Ve l u t i a sericea</emphasis>
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Kerremans shows that genus to be doubtfully distinct from
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF41B06E803B9504FE07F8B5" box="[328,455,1839,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF41B06E803B9504FE07F8B5" box="[328,455,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paragrilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF41B06D804B957CFD89FE2B" blockId="1.[264,1324,1719,1905]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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Characters: Overall, members of the genus are relatively elongate and subcylindrical in form, similar to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D83139337FD76FEC8" box="[608,694,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Agrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D83139337FD76FEC8" box="[608,694,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Agrilus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, although members of the
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D82879337FB57FEC8" box="[1012,1175,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D82879337FB57FEC8" box="[1012,1175,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D85A29337FEAAFEA0" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D85A29337FEAAFEA0" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups are more or less flattened dorsally. Colors are typically dark and matte or only weakly shining. Most species are glabrous or inconspicuously setose, although members of the
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D80FF93BFFDEFFE50" box="[396,559,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D80FF93BFFDEFFE50" box="[396,559,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group are sexually dimorphic in that males possess areas of conspicuous setae on the front.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B93CFFCE0FD3B" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The front of the head is typically very convex in dorsal view, usually impressed along the midline, especially deeply so in the
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D83AA9027FC4AFDD8" box="[729,906,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D83AA9027FC4AFDD8" box="[729,906,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, one of whose members also possesses a round fovea at the base of the depression. The epistoma is typically depressed and relatively narrow between the antennal insertions, but is broader in the
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D85099077FAEBFD88" box="[1146,1323,604,629]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D85099077FAEBFD88" box="[1146,1323,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group. The ventral margin of the episotoma is produced in some species and is emarginate with more or less sharply acute lateral angles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B90FFFB1AFB83" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The shape and sculpture of the pronotum are the most distinctive features of the species treated here, both in characterizing species groups and in separating species. The genus itself is defined by anterior depressions between the marginal and submarginal carinae which receive the antennae. The posterior angles are usually more or less swollen as a prehumeral callosity and separated from the rest of the pronotal disc by a depression of differing shapes and intensities. In the
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D83AE91B7FC50FC48" box="[733,912,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D83AE91B7FC50FC48" box="[733,912,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D82B891B7FBAEFC48" box="[971,1134,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
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<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D82B891B7FBAEFC48" box="[971,1134,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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groups the prehumeral callosity is produced outward and anteriorly to form a ridge above and roughly parallel to the marginal carina. In the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D83B891C7FCBCFBF8" box="[715,892,1004,1029]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D83B891C7FCBCFBF8" box="[715,892,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group the disc is relatively flattened and has three relatively equal depressions along base which produce an undulating posterior margin. The lateral depressions are relatively weak in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D85679617FB65FBA8" box="[1044,1189,1084,1109]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D85679617FB65FBA8" box="[1044,1189,1084,1109]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. rugatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group and stronger and continuing obliquely to the lateral margins in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D8297964FFB47FB80" box="[996,1159,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D8297964FFB47FB80" box="[996,1159,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B96A7FDE3FA93" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
The elytra are characterized by a strong posthumeral carina which typically extends to just beyond the posterior coxae, but is longer in a few species. This character is shared with a few species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D837E96F7FDA3FB08" box="[525,611,1244,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Agrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D837E96F7FDA3FB08" box="[525,611,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Agrilus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D83D196F7FCF3FB08" box="[674,819,1244,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Agrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissimilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D83D196F7FCF3FB08" box="[674,819,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">A. dissimilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group; see below). The elytra are usually more or less transversely rugose and relatively unmodified otherwise, except for a subapical raised callosity in a few species. The apices are usually broadly rounded or subtruncate and slightly emarginate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B9757FD01F9CB" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The ventral surface is relatively unmodified except for the posterior process of the prosternum and form of the hind coxae. The first ventral abdominal segment is produced anteriorly between the hind coxae and usually has carinae on the lateral margins of the process which border depressions for the hind tarsi when the legs are pulled in to the body. Male genitalia are usually distinctive.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B946FFEA9F97B" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The North and Central American species of the genus can be separated into three groups </paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF42B06D804B94BFFE62F8B3" blockId="2.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D804B94BFFE0EF950" box="[312,462,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D804B94BFFE0EF950" box="[312,462,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. rugatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D834E94BFFC98F953" authority="Chevrolat" authorityName="Chevrolat" box="[573,856,1684,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exiguus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D834E94BFFD7DF950" box="[573,701,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. exiguus</emphasis>
|
||
(Chevrolat)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D821F94BFFB4EF953" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[876,1166,1684,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesueuri">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D821F94BFFC31F950" box="[876,1009,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. lesueuri</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D85D094BFFEA4F92B" authority="Solier" authorityName="Solier" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Agrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D85D094BFFAEBF950" box="[1187,1323,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. modicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Solier)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D80039497FDB5F92B" authority="Thomson" authorityName="Thomson" box="[368,629,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D80039497FE3CF928" box="[368,508,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. rugatulus</emphasis>
|
||
Thomson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D830C9497FC78F92B" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[639,952,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transitorius">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D830C9497FCE5F928" box="[639,805,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. transitorius</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D82B09497FB04F92B" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[963,1220,1724,1750]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vicinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D82B09497FBF2F928" box="[963,1074,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. vicinus</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) somewhat varied, but generally more cylindrical and characterized by a convex, rugose pronotum with weak prehumeral callosities; known plant hosts of adults are in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF42B06D85849527FE5EF8B3" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF42B06D85849527FAEBF8D8" box="[1271,1323,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Sida</emphasis>
|
||
(Malvaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF43B06C804B9337FE54FE2B" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C804B9337FE28FEC8" box="[312,488,284,309]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C804B9337FE28FEC8" box="[312,488,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C83379337FC55FECB" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[580,917,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulaticollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C83379337FCC1FEC8" box="[580,769,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. angulaticollis</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C82EC9337FB01FECB" authority="Chevrolat" authorityName="Chevrolat" box="[927,1217,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C82EC9337FBF0FEC8" box="[927,1072,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. impressus</emphasis>
|
||
(Chevrolat)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C85BF9337FE1EFEA3" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laevicollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C85BF9337FE87FEA0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. laevicollis</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C8098936FFD14FEA3" authority="LeConte" authorityName="LeConte" box="[491,724,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C8098936FFD8FFEA0" box="[491,591,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. tenuis</emphasis>
|
||
(LeConte)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C8392936FFBEBFEA3" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[737,1067,324,350]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C8392936FFC55FEA0" box="[737,917,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C8544936FFB7BFEA0" box="[1079,1211,324,349]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fallorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C8544936FFB7BFEA0" box="[1079,1211,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. fallorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C85B7936FFAC6FEA3" box="[1220,1286,324,350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C8466936FFEA2FE78" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azureus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C8466936FFEA2FE78" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. azureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C801F9347FE6DFE7B" box="[364,429,364,390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) usually more flattened above and characterized by having the pronotum often smoother and with three depressions along base which produce an undulating posterior margin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF43B06C804B93CFFAE3FDB3" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C804B93CFFE1CFE00" box="[312,476,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C804B93CFFE1CFE00" box="[312,476,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C834893CFFCB4FE03" authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" box="[571,884,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C834893CFFD1FFE00" box="[571,735,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
|
||
Waterhouse
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C82F293CFFBD8FE00" box="[897,1048,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heliocarpi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C82F293CFFBD8FE00" box="[897,1048,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. heliocarpi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C855393CFFBA2FE03" box="[1056,1122,484,510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C850393CFFACDFE00" box="[1136,1293,484,509]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="akersorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C850393CFFACDFE00" box="[1136,1293,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. akersorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C846693CFFEEBFDDB" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C804F9027FE15FDD8" box="[316,469,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moldenkei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C804F9027FE15FDD8" box="[316,469,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. moldenkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C80939027FDE5FDDB" box="[480,549,524,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C83469027FD61FDD8" box="[565,673,524,549]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burkei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C83469027FD61FDD8" box="[565,673,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. burkei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B38F579BAF43B06C83DF9027FD2FFDDB" box="[684,751,524,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
) usually more flattened above, the pronotum smooth or rugose, and characterized by males with areas of setae on the front of the head.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9A7736F2AF43B06C804B9077FC67FC73" blockId="3.[264,1324,284,910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
Not surprisingly, the species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C839C9077FC40FD88" box="[751,896,604,629]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugatulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C839C9077FC40FD88" box="[751,896,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. rugatulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group that are associated with the weedy plant genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C808990AFFDEEFD60" box="[506,558,644,669]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C808990AFFDEEFD60" box="[506,558,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C83C590AFFCF5FD63" box="[694,821,644,670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very common in collections and all described, often multiply. The most poorly known species are members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C85CF9087FE87FD10" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeraticollis">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C85CF9087FE87FD10" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. aeraticollis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, in which 4 of the 5 species are previously undescribed. Known adult hosts in this group are all lianas (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C835E90D7FD2BFCE8" authority="Steud." authorityName="Steud." box="[557,747,764,790]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Byttneria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C835E90D7FD5AFCE8" box="[557,666,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Byttneria</emphasis>
|
||
Steud.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or shrubby perennials (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C857E90D7FB5EFCE8" box="[1037,1182,764,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Heliocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C857E90D7FB5EFCE8" box="[1037,1182,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Heliocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C85BD90D7FE4EFCC3" authority="Medik." authorityName="Medik." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Wissadula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C85BD90D7FEEDFCC0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Wissadula</emphasis>
|
||
Medik.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) found in forest gaps or edges, but not usually in more open second growth. Many are widely distributed, but three of the species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5DC84D71AF43B06C82A59167FB49FC98" box="[982,1161,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Buprestidae" genus="Paragrilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trifoveolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A8BCEAE0AF43B06C82A59167FB49FC98" box="[982,1161,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. trifoveolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group apparently have very localized, possibly relictual distributions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |