606 lines
67 KiB
XML
606 lines
67 KiB
XML
<document id="A28405A5DF2576C5243FAF27BCC28963" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4274.1.1SLASH11283" ID-CLB-Dataset="32875" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.804182" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c7ffebb0-4bea-4c4d-8873-96db1864f598" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="804182" ID-ZooBank="27748C60-F64A-4E2C-B5CD-8DB413480DF4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1496907452697" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sanabria-Urbán, Salomón, Song, Hojun, Oyama, Ken, González-Rodríguez, Antonio & Castillo, Raúl Cueva Del" docDate="2017" docId="A12C6E25AC2F3B442CBED377FAD1AD14" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4274.1.1SLASH11283.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4274 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Sphenarium crypticum Sanabria-Urban, Song & Cueva" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="5D15165DAC073B682C29D26CFFA0AF0C" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic diversity in neotropical grasshoppers: taxonomy, phylogenetics, and evolution of the genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698440317697" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="77E1106B767F66D28D4C2BFD80A3232D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="849AA651374A6BB17C8FD3E8977CC7FD">
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<mods:title id="097A594F2F6C86DA9E76782AF2118B03">Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic diversity in neotropical grasshoppers: taxonomy, phylogenetics, and evolution of the genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="BF8BCB6A07870363167329D024F10C32" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A0D0B13C16A79020919003D4A38CF7F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E6C707860DF0EB4F890FA59027647063">Sanabria-Urbán, Salomón</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="CBF3CC8DC1C817309199D092BBC94C9C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8F6688ED1F8A6E2060F48D3364DAEB41">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E9D3B3CA19DB4FD255898E3CC61BB8B9">Song, Hojun</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="59DC773AA1706552B815F7C285B5E3A6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="79276151045EFCEA62AB45F933865EC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A87D3211F3F491A425B787DC0768A42A">Oyama, Ken</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="8B96F7FEA13FE101BB86657FAE8171DE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F7AE89FD041306B6F9DCA4AF5FD6F13D">González-Rodríguez, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="33DE0D343670F6E2B6A1FD316A93BD2B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BC0ABEA80625537E9A83EDED9A63F656">Castillo, Raúl Cueva Del</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FBA8436C402E35D3D34B1B362CA8002D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8B34319087E045AD15F756EDF1F4CDDC">
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<mods:date id="588E8FABEB8DDF5563060C9570747415">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="26C0DC2BA9654F94113656EE499EB531" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B0BB9DB1E14AC4C57EC046F643F7754B">4274</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DB3C9500A1C160CBE008613430F0D620">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="155E038909C5355013F51868DB30C870" type="CLB-Dataset">32875</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5FE7484AFBACB509E04A1715AB6EF46A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.804182</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D7C3B3341672C1C4E550BA4A525E6FD0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DB754C62F67F6F6412A381D7860D6F73" type="Zenodo-Dep">804182</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A12C6E25AC2F3B442CBED377FAD1AD14" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6029392" ID-GBIF-Taxon="131876333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6029392" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A12C6E25AC2F3B442CBED377FAD1AD14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A12C6E25AC2F3B442CBED377FAD1AD14" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2F3B402CBED377FB91AE5B" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CBED377FBBAAE3A" blockId="40.[151,1073,283,343]" box="[151,1050,283,310]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<heading id="7272685FAC2F3B402CBED377FBBAAE3A" bold="true" box="[151,1050,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CBED377FBBAAE3A" bold="true" box="[151,1050,283,310]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402CBED377FCE4AE3A" ID-CoL="4YV49" authority="Sanabria-Urban, Song & Cueva" authorityName="Sanabria-Urban, Song & Cueva" box="[151,836,283,310]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CBED377FE0DAE39" bold="true" box="[151,429,283,309]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sphenarium crypticum</emphasis>
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Sanabria-Urbán, Song & Cueva
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</taxonomicName>
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del Castillo sp.n.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CBED352FB91AE5B" blockId="40.[151,1073,283,343]" box="[151,1073,318,343]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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(http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid:
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402E3BD352FD33AE5B" box="[530,659,318,343]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Orthoptera</taxonomicName>
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.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:495097)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2F3B402CBED3EAFDF0ABA2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CBED3EAFAA3AC83" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CBED3EAFE89AE93" bold="true" box="[151,297,390,415]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</emphasis>
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External morphology (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402E05D3EAFDDCAE93" box="[556,636,390,415]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[163,1420,205,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1435,193,1789]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 15. External morphology of S. rugosum: morphotype 2 m (A) and f (B), morphotype 3 m (C) and f (D); S. crypticum sp. n. holotype m (E) and paratype f # 45 (F); S. borrei m (G) and f (H); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype m # 134 (I) and f (J), and morphotype 2 m (K) and f (L); S. mexicanum: morphotype 1 m (M) and f (N), and morphotype 2 m (O) and f (P); S. histrio: morphotype 1 m (Q and S) and f (R and T) (Scale bars = 1 cm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804216/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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E, F): total body length ranging from
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<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402836D3EBFB53AE92" box="[1055,1267,390,415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.407" metricValueMax="3.592" metricValueMin="3.222" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="34.07" valueMax="35.92" valueMin="32.22">32.22 to 35.92 mm</quantity>
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in females and from
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<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402CFCD3C6FE0BAECD" box="[213,427,425,450]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6695" metricValueMax="3.435" metricValueMin="1.904" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="26.695" valueMax="34.35" valueMin="19.04">19.04 to 34.35 mm</quantity>
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in males; antennae filiform, slightly shorter in females or longer than head and pronotum together in males; head subtriangular-elongated nearly as wide as long in females or moderately longer than wide in males, with oval eyes in both sexes; fastigium moderately elongated, nearly half the length of interocular space in females or notably elongated, nearly as long as the interocular space in males; tegmina spatula-like in both sexes; subgenital plate of males rounded, moderately developed posteriorly; dorsal ovipositor valves rounded or lanceolate, moderately elongated towards the apex. Male genitalia: bridge of epiphallus as long or slightly longer than the length of lateral plates (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402E29D012FDF1AD9B" box="[512,593,638,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male genital structures of S. crypticum sp. n. holotype (A – C); S. borrei (D – F); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype # 234 (G – I) and morphotype 2 (J – l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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A-I). Ectophallus in dorsal view (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402FE1D012FBB6AD9B" box="[968,1046,638,663]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male genital structures of S. crypticum sp. n. holotype (A – C); S. borrei (D – F); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype # 234 (G – I) and morphotype 2 (J – l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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A-II) with lateral borders of ramus convergent; basal emargination of cingulum moderately developed; interspace between apodemal plates moderately open. Ectophallus in posterior view (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402E93D0A9FCABADD2" box="[698,779,709,734]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male genital structures of S. crypticum sp. n. holotype (A – C); S. borrei (D – F); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype # 234 (G – I) and morphotype 2 (J – l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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B) without a conspicuous sclerotized hollow in the sheath; inflections of supraramus moderately developed with distal margins laterally or dorsally directed; valves of cingulum triangular to slightly quadrangular, slightly developed posteriorly (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402FD9D160FBE1AC29" box="[1008,1089,780,805]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male genital structures of S. crypticum sp. n. holotype (A – C); S. borrei (D – F); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype # 234 (G – I) and morphotype 2 (J – l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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C). Endophallus in lateral view (
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<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402CB6D143FF4EAC44" box="[159,238,815,840]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 16. Male genital structures of S. crypticum sp. n. holotype (A – C); S. borrei (D – F); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype # 234 (G – I) and morphotype 2 (J – l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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A-III) with elongated pseudoarch, loosely joined to the valves of cingulum; aedeagal valves slender, long, with smooth ventral margins and moderately rounded in the apex without apical spine; aedeagal valves and sclerites together ranging from 1¾ to 2 fold the length of dorsal inflections of endophallic apodemes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CEED1F6FDF0ABA2" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CEED1F6FEFFACBF" bold="true" box="[199,351,922,947]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Colouration.</emphasis>
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Ground colours vary from green to brown. Body uniformly coloured or with the following colour traits: antennae frequently black or dark brown; fastigium frequently reddish; lateral postocular bands frequently present, wide and yellow; dorsomedial line frequently absent, if present very narrow and yellowish; dorsal black shades frequently absent, if present restricted principally to apex of the abdomen; lateral shades often present, narrow, black or dark brown; lateral bands of blotches not evident; ventral bands of pronotum often absent, if present very narrow and yellowish; mesonotum partially or entirely black; lateral whitish blotches of 1st abdominal segment frequently absent; generally hind femora uniformly coloured with knees laterally black, dorsally reddish; hind tibia often black.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2F3B402CEED6D4FE1CAAC6" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CEED6D4FE1CAAC6" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CEED6D4FEE1ABDD" bold="true" box="[199,321,1208,1233]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Externally this species closely resembles
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402F30D6D5FC4BABDD" box="[793,1003,1208,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophallicum">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F30D6D5FC4BABDD" box="[793,1003,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. macrophallicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402FD3D6D5FBDFABDD" box="[1018,1151,1209,1233]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402FD3D6D5FBDAABDD" box="[1018,1146,1209,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosum">S. rugosum</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B40289FD6D5FA9EABDD" box="[1206,1342,1208,1233]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infernalis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B40289FD6D5FA9EABDD" box="[1206,1342,1208,1233]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. infernalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B40296CD6D4FADDABDD" box="[1349,1405,1208,1233]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B40296CD6D4FADDABDD" bold="true" box="[1349,1405,1208,1233]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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In most cases, males of
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402DBDD6B1FD84ABF8" box="[404,548,1245,1268]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402DBDD6B1FD84ABF8" box="[404,548,1245,1268]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. crypticum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402E07D6B0FDC6ABF9" box="[558,614,1244,1269]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402E07D6B0FDC6ABF9" bold="true" box="[558,614,1244,1269]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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differ from males of
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<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402F43D6B1FB9FABF9" box="[874,1087,1244,1269]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophallicum">
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<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F43D6B1FB9FABF9" box="[874,1087,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. macrophallicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by their rounded, moderately developed posteriorly subgenital plate.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402E42D693FCD0AA14" box="[619,880,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402E42D693FCD0AA14" box="[619,880,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sphenarium crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402F54D693FC15AA14" box="[893,949,1279,1304]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F54D693FC15AA14" bold="true" box="[893,949,1279,1304]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402874D76CFB42AA14" box="[1117,1250,1280,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402874D76CFB42AA14" box="[1117,1250,1280,1304]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking the dorsomedial line and the yellow lateral bands of blotches; whereas the former species is almost indistinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402CF1D72BFEC3AA53" box="[216,355,1350,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="infernalis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CF1D72BFEC3AA53" box="[216,355,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. infernalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402D44D72AFE05AA53" box="[365,421,1350,1375]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402D44D72AFE05AA53" bold="true" box="[365,421,1350,1375]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
externally. Nevertheless,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402EFBD72BFCC2AA53" box="[722,866,1351,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402EFBD72BFCC2AA53" box="[722,866,1351,1375]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402F45D72AFC04AA53" box="[876,932,1350,1375]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F45D72AFC04AA53" bold="true" box="[876,932,1350,1375]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
conspicuously differs from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B40293DD72AFA3BAA53" box="[1300,1435,1350,1375]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B40293DD72AFA3BAA53" box="[1300,1435,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by the following combination of male genitalia traits: lateral borders of ramus of ectophallus convergent, inflections of supraramus moderately developed, and aedeagal valves and sclerites long, moderately rounded in the apex without apical spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2F3B402CEED7B8FAA7A91D" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CEED7B8FAA7A91D" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CEED7B8FEC0AAE1" bold="true" box="[199,352,1492,1517]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is apparently restricted to the western portion of the inner slope of the Sierra Madre del
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B402CE9D794FF47A91C" box="[192,231,1528,1552]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Unguja" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sur</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B402D22D794FED3A91C" box="[267,371,1528,1552]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B402D57D794FE73A91D" box="[382,467,1528,1553]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="51929FA3AC2F3B402D57D794FE73A91D" box="[382,467,1528,1553]" name="Mexico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402DCAD794FD85A91C" box="[483,549,1528,1553]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1094,1116]" captionTargetBox="[160,1428,201,1066]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[151,1435,193,1073]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 7. Geographic distribution of Sphenarium species. Numbers within parenthesis in front of taxa names indicate the number of identified morphotype within the species. White surrounded areas and upper case abbreviations denote the Mexican biogeographic provinces. AC, Altos de Chiapas; AL, Altiplano Sur; BRB, Balsas River Basin; GMC, Gulf of Mexico Coast; MVB, Mexican Volcanic Belt; PC, Pacific Coast; SMOC, Sierra Madre Occidental; SMOR, Sierra Madre Oriental; SMS, Sierra Madre Sur; SO, Soconusco; and SOX, Sierra de Oaxaca." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804198/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A), in elevations ranging approximately from
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402801D794FB6BA91C" box="[1064,1227,1528,1553]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0285" metricValueMax="1.6619999999999997" metricValueMin="0.395" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1028.5" valueMax="1662.0" valueMin="395.0">395 to 1662 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2F3B442CEED477FED8AEDC" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CEED477FDD5A821" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="99EDD56EAC2F3B402CEED477FE91A954" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1563451414" collectorName="El Pinzan Morado Carr." country="Mexico" latitude="18.114954" location="Guerrero" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guerrero" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CEED477FE11A938" bold="true" box="[199,433,1563,1588]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="F63E6191AC2F3B402D91D477FD80A938" box="[440,544,1563,1588]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402E01D471FD9DA938" box="[552,573,1565,1588]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402E65D477FD3DA938" box="[588,669,1563,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="42.[151,250,1811,1833]" captionTargetBox="[163,1420,205,1778]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[151,1435,193,1789]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURE 15. External morphology of S. rugosum: morphotype 2 m (A) and f (B), morphotype 3 m (C) and f (D); S. crypticum sp. n. holotype m (E) and paratype f # 45 (F); S. borrei m (G) and f (H); S. variabile: morphotype 1 paratype m # 134 (I) and f (J), and morphotype 2 m (K) and f (L); S. mexicanum: morphotype 1 m (M) and f (N), and morphotype 2 m (O) and f (P); S. histrio: morphotype 1 m (Q and S) and f (R and T) (Scale bars = 1 cm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804216/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
E; 16A, B, C) from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="51929FA3AC2F3B402F56D477FC79A938" box="[895,985,1563,1588]" name="Mexico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B402FCDD470FBECA938" box="[996,1100,1564,1588]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402871D477FAC4A938" box="[1112,1380,1563,1588]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">El Pinzan Morado Carr.</collectorName>
|
||
134,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4CB1B9F4AC2F3B402CBED453FE8CA954" box="[151,300,1599,1624]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="18.114954">18.114954°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<materialsCitation id="99EDD56EAC2F3B402D69D453FE22A992" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1563451420" collectingDate="2012-10-13" collectorName="Sanabria-Urban S." country="Mexico" elevation="730" latitude="18.114954" location="Guerrero" longitude="-100.94599" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guerrero" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4CB1B9F4AC2F3B402D69D453FE4BA954" box="[320,491,1599,1624]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-100.94599">100.945988°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B402DDED453FDDEA954" box="[503,638,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="730.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402DDED453FDE0A95B" box="[503,576,1599,1623]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="730.0">730 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4D7F001BAC2F3B402EA5D453FCA7A95B" box="[652,775,1599,1623]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-10-13">
|
||
<date id="5D3BF9F3AC2F3B402EA5D453FCA7A95B" box="[652,775,1599,1623]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-10-13">X-13-2012</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402F3ED453FC44A954" box="[791,996,1599,1624]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sanabria-Urbán S.</collectorName>
|
||
#P66 L47-MS1); measurements: BS =
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402CBED40FFEADA976" box="[151,269,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.404" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="34.04">34.04 mm</quantity>
|
||
, FL =
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402D76D40FFE67A976" box="[351,455,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.32" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.32">1.32 mm</quantity>
|
||
, PL =
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402E30D40EFD21A976" box="[537,641,1634,1659]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="7.25">7.25 mm</quantity>
|
||
, HF =
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402EFFD40EFCEFA977" box="[726,847,1634,1659]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.566" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="15.66">15.66 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="F63E6191AC2F3B402F4AD40FFC70A977" box="[867,976,1635,1659]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="51929FA3AC2F3B402833D40EFBD4A977" box="[1050,1140,1634,1659]" name="Mexico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B4028A8D40FFB4BA977" box="[1153,1259,1635,1659]" country="Mexico" name="Guerrero" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Guerrero</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B4028DED40FFA82A976" box="[1271,1314,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B4028DED40FFA82A976" box="[1271,1314,1635,1659]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402927D40FFA82A976" box="[1294,1314,1635,1658]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 5
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402963D40FFAF2A977" box="[1354,1362,1635,1659]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">f</emphasis>
|
||
, same locality as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402DBCD4EAFE64A992" box="[405,452,1670,1694]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.0">
|
||
1
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402D99D4EBFE64A992" box="[432,452,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402DDCD4EAFE5DA992" box="[501,509,1670,1694]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">f</emphasis>
|
||
, Vallecitos Carr. 134, 18.039971°N, -
|
||
<materialsCitation id="99EDD56EAC2F3B402FE8D4E9FBFEA9CE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1563451435" collectingDate="2012-10-13" collectorName="Sanabria-Urban S." country="Mexico" elevation="916" latitude="18.30111" location="Catalan" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-101.04633" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Catalan" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4CB1B9F4AC2F3B402FE8D4E9FBCBA992" box="[961,1131,1669,1694]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-101.04633">101.046337°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B402854D4E9FAAEA992" box="[1149,1294,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.16" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="916.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402854D4E9FB6BA992" box="[1149,1227,1669,1694]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.16" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="916.0">916 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4D7F001BAC2F3B402908D4EAFA3CA992" box="[1313,1436,1670,1694]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-10-13">
|
||
<date id="5D3BF9F3AC2F3B402908D4EAFA3CA992" box="[1313,1436,1670,1694]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2012-10-13">X-13-2012</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402CB7D4C5FECEA9CE" box="[158,366,1705,1730]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sanabria-Urban S.</collectorName>
|
||
#P67);
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B402DEFD4C6FE4FA9CD" box="[454,495,1706,1730]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402DEFD4C6FE4FA9CD" box="[454,495,1706,1730]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2.0">
|
||
2
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402DF2D4C6FE4FA9CD" box="[475,495,1706,1729]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, Coyuca de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EB4111D1AC2F3B402E53D4C5FD6FA9CE" box="[634,719,1705,1730]" country="Spain" name="Catalunya" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Catalan</collectingRegion>
|
||
Microondas El Nopal,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4CB1B9F4AC2F3B402FFDD4C6FBFAA9CE" box="[980,1114,1706,1730]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="18.30111">18.30111°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<materialsCitation id="99EDD56EAC2F3B402845D4C6FB44A805" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1563451430" collectingDate="2006-11-17" collectionCode="IBUNAM, TAMUIC" collectorName="G. Ortega & L. Cervantes & C. Mayora & The" country="Mexico" elevation="395" latitude="18.114954" location="Guerrero" longitude="-100.79833" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Guerrero" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="4CB1B9F4AC2F3B402845D4C6FAB6A9CE" box="[1132,1302,1706,1730]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" precision="1" value="-100.79833">100.798333°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B40290BD4C5FACAA9CD" box="[1314,1386,1705,1730]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="395.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B40290BD4C5FACAA9CD" box="[1314,1386,1705,1730]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="395.0">395 m</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="4D7F001BAC2F3B40295CD4C6FF54A9EA" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-11-17">
|
||
<date id="5D3BF9F3AC2F3B40295CD4C6FF54A9EA" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" value="2006-11-17">XI- 17-2006</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402D2DD4A1FED3A9E9" box="[260,371,1741,1765]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">G. Ortega</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402D56D4A2FDAEA9E9" box="[383,526,1741,1765]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">L. Cervantes</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402E1AD4A1FD10A9E9" box="[563,688,1741,1765]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">C. Mayora</collectorName>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="8470BAE5AC2F3B402EEAD4A1FD4FA9EA" box="[707,751,1741,1766]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">The</collectorName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="F63E6191AC2F3B402EDFD4A1FCF8A9EA" box="[758,856,1741,1766]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was deposited at
|
||
<collectionCode id="4F9447F6AC2F3B402809D4A1FB32A9E9" box="[1056,1170,1741,1765]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wfd-7x2v" name="Instituto de BiIolog<6F>a, Universidad Nacional Aut<75>noma de M<>xico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">IBUNAM</collectionCode>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="F63E6191AC2F3B4028DAD4A2FAFEA9EA" box="[1267,1374,1742,1766]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were deposited at
|
||
<collectionCode id="4F9447F6AC2F3B402D02D49DFE3DA805" box="[299,413,1777,1801]" country="Mexico" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9wfd-7x2v" name="Instituto de BiIolog<6F>a, Universidad Nacional Aut<75>noma de M<>xico" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">IBUNAM</collectionCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectionCode id="4F9447F6AC2F3B402DF3D49DFDEAA805" box="[474,586,1777,1801]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wntj-faij" name="Texas A&amp;M University Insect Collection" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">TAMUIC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402E71D49CFC98A805" box="[600,824,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Additional material</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B402F63D49DFCD6A804" box="[842,886,1777,1801]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="8.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B402F63D49DFCD6A804" box="[842,886,1777,1801]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="8.0">
|
||
8
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F4BD49DFCD6A804" box="[866,886,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 5
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402F89D49DFC08A805" box="[928,936,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">f</emphasis>
|
||
, same locality as holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="99EDD56EAC2F3B4028DBD49CFDD5A821" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1563451443" country="Mexico" elevation="6" location="Appendix Table" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guerrero" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<elevation id="A2A83800AC2F3B4028DBD49CFABFA804" box="[1266,1311,1776,1801]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="6.0">
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2F3B4028DBD49CFABFA804" box="[1266,1311,1776,1801]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="6.0">
|
||
6
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402922D49DFABFA804" box="[1291,1311,1777,1800]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">m</emphasis>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
, 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402960D49DFAF1A805" box="[1353,1361,1777,1801]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">f</emphasis>
|
||
, same localities as
|
||
<typeStatus id="F63E6191AC2F3B402D08D579FE2CA821" box="[289,396,1813,1837]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<location id="2C5A89E8AC2F3B402DB2D578FDF0A821" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A12C6E25AC2F3B442CBED377FAD1AD14:2C5A89E8AC2F3B402DB2D578FDF0A821" box="[411,592,1812,1837]" country="Mexico" name="Appendix Table" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" stateProvince="Guerrero">
|
||
Appendix
|
||
<tableCitation id="6407EA88AC2F3B402E3BD578FDF0A821" box="[530,592,1812,1837]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="68.[119,196,494,513]" captionText="TABLE 5. Lisŧ of localiŧies reviseđ of eacħ Sphenarium species aŊđ morpħoŧypes (Ŋumbers wiŧħiŊ pareŊŧħesis) iđeŊŧifieđ. Localiŧies iŊcluđeđ our geŊeŧic aŊalysis are đeŊoŧeđ iŊ bolđ. For localiŧy we iŊđicaŧe iŧs localiŧy Ŋumber (LN), đescripŧioŊ, Ŋumber specimeŊs (F, females and M, males) eXamiŊeđ, đeposiŧory of ŧħe eXamiŊeđ maŧerial as iŊđicaŧeđ iŊ ŧħe meŧħođs" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Table</tableCitation>
|
||
</location>
|
||
5).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2F3B402CEED55BFDB6A8D2" blockId="40.[151,1437,390,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402CEED55BFE74A85C" bold="true" box="[199,468,1847,1872]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Taxonomic discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402DF5D554FDCBA843" box="[476,619,1848,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402DF5D554FDCBA843" box="[476,619,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402E5DD55BFD0BA85C" box="[628,683,1847,1872]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402E5DD55BFD0BA85C" bold="true" box="[628,683,1847,1872]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is mainly related genetically to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402809D554FB54A85C" box="[1056,1268,1847,1872]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophallicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402809D554FB54A85C" box="[1056,1268,1847,1872]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. macrophallicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Nevertheless, these two species clearly differ each other in their male genital structures. Moreover,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B402840D537FB57A87F" box="[1129,1271,1883,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402840D537FB57A87F" box="[1129,1271,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402929D536FA97A87F" box="[1280,1335,1882,1907]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402929D536FA97A87F" bold="true" box="[1280,1335,1882,1907]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
shows a unique combination of morphologic traits, in both external and male genitalia structures, a well-supported monophyly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2F3B402D0CD5CDFEC7A8B6" box="[293,359,1953,1978]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,693,1521]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[150,1436,691,1523]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogeny of Sphenarium based on a concatenated analysis of 2527 nucleotide positions from five loci and 145 terminals (129 ingroup and 16 outgroup terminals). Higher-level phylogenetic relationships are shown on left-top box and ingroup relationships are magnified outside. Voucher and locality identifier numbers of the analysed specimens are indicated in bold characters in terminals names, except for those cases in which genetic information was retrieved from the GenBank. Different branch colours highlight the three mayor clades within the genus (brown, Clade 1; red, Clade 2; and purple, Clade 3). Different colours of the Sphenarium terminals represent the 17 taxa identified during the morphologic analysis. Black circles behind the nodes indicate PP values ± 95 %. For some important nodes we also showed the PP values in bold numbers. Black bottom bars in all cases are equal to 0.03 substitutions per site." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804186/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
b) and separated geographic distribution. All these lines of evidence support the recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2F3B4029AED5CEFEA7A8D1" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B4029AED5CEFEA7A8D1" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2F3B402D27D5A9FEE5A8D2" box="[270,325,1989,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2F3B402D27D5A9FEE5A8D2" bold="true" box="[270,325,1989,2014]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
as a valid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="7DFA8FBBAC2E3B412CBED508FEB7A8BB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804214/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[163,1424,210,1857]" targetPageId="41">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2E3B412CBED508FEB7A8BB" blockId="41.[151,1436,1892,1975]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412CBED508FE80A875" bold="true" box="[151,288,1892,1914]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
|
||
Type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2E3B412DC7D509FDC2A876" box="[494,610,1893,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412DC7D509FDC2A876" box="[494,610,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: lectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412EFDD509FD46A876" box="[724,742,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">m</emphasis>
|
||
(A) and paralectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412FFDD508FC7BA876" box="[980,987,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">f</emphasis>
|
||
(B);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2E3B41283BD509FB20A876" box="[1042,1152,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrettii">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B41283BD509FB20A876" box="[1042,1152,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. barrettii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: lectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B4128DBD509FAA4A876" box="[1266,1284,1893,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">m</emphasis>
|
||
(C);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2E3B412915D509FA34A876" box="[1340,1428,1892,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412915D509FA34A876" box="[1340,1428,1892,1914]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. borrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: lectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412CD3D5E8FEACA895" box="[250,268,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">m</emphasis>
|
||
(D) and paralectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412DDED5EFFE5EA895" box="[503,510,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">f</emphasis>
|
||
(E);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2E3B412E1BD5EFFD38A895" box="[562,664,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bruneri">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412E1BD5EFFD38A895" box="[562,664,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. bruneri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412F2BD5E8FCB4A895" box="[770,788,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">m</emphasis>
|
||
(F) and paralectotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412FD3D5EFFBA1A895" box="[1018,1025,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">f</emphasis>
|
||
(G);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2E3B412811D5EFFB0DA895" box="[1080,1197,1923,1945]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412811D5EFFB0DA895" box="[1080,1197,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">S. variabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: holotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2E3B412933D5E8FA8CA895" box="[1306,1324,1924,1945]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">m</emphasis>
|
||
(H) (Scale bars = 1cm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7DFA8FBBAC2D3B422CBED57FFCB2A888" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804216/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[163,1420,205,1778]" targetPageId="42">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2D3B422CBED57FFCB2A888" blockId="42.[151,1436,1811,1925]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422CBED57FFEBFA824" bold="true" box="[151,287,1811,1833]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
|
||
External morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422E09D57FFD33A825" box="[544,659,1811,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422E09D57FFD33A825" box="[544,659,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. rugosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: morphotype 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422F1DD578FCE6A825" box="[820,838,1812,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(A) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422F8BD57FFC09A825" box="[930,937,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(B), morphotype 3
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B42285BD578FB24A825" box="[1138,1156,1812,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(C) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B4228F6D57FFB46A825" box="[1247,1254,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(D);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422934D57FFA3CA825" box="[1309,1436,1811,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422934D57FFA3CA825" box="[1309,1436,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2D3B422CBED55EFF6AA84B" box="[151,202,1842,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422CBED55EFF6AA84B" bold="true" box="[151,202,1842,1863]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422D07D55EFEE0A84B" box="[302,320,1842,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(E) and paratype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422DDCD55DFE5CA84B" box="[501,508,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
#45 (F);
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422E73D55EFD69A84B" box="[602,713,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422E73D55EFD11A84B" box="[602,689,1841,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borrei">S. borrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
m
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(G) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422F0DD55DFC8BA84B" box="[804,811,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(H);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422F48D55EFC75A84B" box="[865,981,1841,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422F48D55EFC75A84B" box="[865,981,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. variabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: morphotype 1 paratype
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B4228FAD55EFB45A84B" box="[1235,1253,1842,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
#134 (I) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422947D55DFAD5A84B" box="[1390,1397,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(J), and morphotype 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422D7CD53DFEC7A86A" box="[341,359,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(K) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422DE8D53CFE68A86A" box="[449,456,1872,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(L);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422DD5D53DFD28A86A" box="[508,648,1873,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422DD5D53DFD28A86A" box="[508,648,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. mexicanum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: morphotype 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422F00D53DFC9BA86A" box="[809,827,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(M) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422FB0D53CFC00A86A" box="[921,928,1872,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(N), and morphotype 2
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B4228BDD53DFB06A86A" box="[1172,1190,1873,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(O) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422929D53CFAA7A86A" box="[1280,1287,1872,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(P);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2D3B422913D53DFA35A86A" box="[1338,1429,1872,1894]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="histrio">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422913D53DFA35A86A" box="[1338,1429,1872,1894]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">S. histrio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: morphotype 1
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422D03D51CFE9CA889" box="[298,316,1904,1925]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">m</emphasis>
|
||
(Q and S) and
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2D3B422DFED502FE7EA888" box="[471,478,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">f</emphasis>
|
||
(R and T) (Scale bars = 1cm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="7DFA8FBBAC2C3B432CBED543FDD6A8AD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804218/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[159,1427,200,1809]" targetPageId="43">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2C3B432CBED543FDD6A8AD" blockId="43.[151,1436,1839,1953]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2C3B432CBED543FEBDA848" bold="true" box="[151,285,1839,1861]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 16</emphasis>
|
||
. Male genital structures of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2C3B432E60D55CFD6CA849" box="[585,716,1840,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2C3B432E60D55CFD6CA849" box="[585,716,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2C3B432EFFD543FCA9A848" box="[726,777,1839,1860]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2C3B432EFFD543FCA9A848" bold="true" box="[726,777,1839,1860]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype (A–C);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2C3B432FE0D55CFB85A849" box="[969,1061,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2C3B432FE0D55CFB85A849" box="[969,1061,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">S. borrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(D–F);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2C3B432856D55CFB59A849" box="[1151,1273,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabile">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2C3B432856D55CFB59A849" box="[1151,1273,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">S. variabile</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: morphotype 1 paratype #234 (G–I) and morphotype 2 (J–l). For all taxa left squares show epiphallus (I) and ectophallus (II) in dorsal view, and endophallus in lateral view (III); meddle squares show ectophallus in posterior view; and right squares show a close up of ectophallus in lateral view (Scale bars = 1mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2B3B442CEED2FBFED8AEDC" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442D64D2F4FE7BAFBC" box="[333,475,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442D64D2F4FE7BAFBC" box="[333,475,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442DCAD2FBFDBAAFBC" box="[483,538,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442DCAD2FBFDBAAFBC" bold="true" box="[483,538,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442EC3D2FBFCD1AFBC" box="[746,881,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442EC3D2FBFCD1AFBC" box="[746,881,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442F53D2F4FC0EAFA3" box="[890,942,152,175]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2B3B442F9ED2F4FC43AFBC" box="[951,995,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="in" value="7.0">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442F9ED2F4FC66AFA3" box="[951,966,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">7</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D14A2C2AC2B3B442FC2D2FBFA93AFBC" box="[1003,1331,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Sanabria-Urban, S., Song, H., Oyama, K., Gonzalez-Rodriguez, A., Serrano-Meneses, M. A. & Cueva del Castillo, R. (2015) Body size adaptations to altitudinal climatic variation in neotropical grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). Plos ONE, 10 (12), 1 - 24." type="journal article">
|
||
Sanabria-Urbán
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B44288CD2F5FB7EAFBC" box="[1189,1246,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, whereas the specimens collected within the ranges of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442EBAD2D1FC80AFD8" box="[659,800,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442EBAD2D1FC80AFD8" box="[659,800,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442F01D2D0FCFFAFD9" bold="true" box="[808,863,188,213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442F01D2D0FCFFAFD9" box="[808,863,188,213]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, were considered as an unambiguous new species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442CBED2B3FEBEAFF4" box="[151,286,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442CBED2B3FEBEAFF4" box="[151,286,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Gro3, in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D14A2C2AC2B3B442DF8D2B3FCB2AFF4" box="[465,786,223,248]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Pedraza-Lara, C., Barrientos-Lozano, L., Rocha-Sanchez, A. Y. & Zaldivar-Riveron, A. (2015) Montane and coastal species diversification in the economically important Mexican grasshopper genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 84, 220 - 231." type="journal article">
|
||
Pedraza-Lara
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442E5CD28DFD0FAFF4" box="[629,687,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2015)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. During this study we examined specimens collected approximately
|
||
<quantity id="EE7D72D6AC2B3B442D61D369FE29AE11" box="[328,393,260,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
|
||
apart from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442E7ED368FD7EAE11" box="[599,734,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442E7ED368FD7EAE11" box="[599,734,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Gro3 population (L88; Appendix
|
||
<tableCitation id="6407EA88AC2B3B442891D368FAB4AE11" box="[1208,1300,260,285]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="68.[119,196,494,513]" captionText="TABLE 5. Lisŧ of localiŧies reviseđ of eacħ Sphenarium species aŊđ morpħoŧypes (Ŋumbers wiŧħiŊ pareŊŧħesis) iđeŊŧifieđ. Localiŧies iŊcluđeđ our geŊeŧic aŊalysis are đeŊoŧeđ iŊ bolđ. For localiŧy we iŊđicaŧe iŧs localiŧy Ŋumber (LN), đescripŧioŊ, Ŋumber specimeŊs (F, females and M, males) eXamiŊeđ, đeposiŧory of ŧħe eXamiŊeđ maŧerial as iŊđicaŧeđ iŊ ŧħe meŧħođs" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
) that were undoubtedly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442D1BD344FE67AE4C" box="[306,455,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442D1BD344FE67AE4C" box="[306,455,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442DFFD34BFDAEAE4C" box="[470,526,295,320]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442DFFD34BFDAEAE4C" bold="true" box="[470,526,295,320]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Moreover,
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442E88D344FD76AE4C" box="[673,726,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">CO1</emphasis>
|
||
sequences of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442FA4D34BFBB4AE4C" box="[909,1044,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442FA4D34BFBB4AE4C" box="[909,1044,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Gro3 clustered with our
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B4429AED344FEEDAE69" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrophallicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B4429AED344FEEDAE69" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. macrophallicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442DA5D321FDBCAE68" box="[396,540,333,356]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442DA5D321FDBCAE68" box="[396,540,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442E0ED320FDFFAE69" box="[551,607,332,357]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442E0ED320FDFFAE69" bold="true" box="[551,607,332,357]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
samples (
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442EF0D321FD5BAE68" box="[729,763,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">PP</emphasis>
|
||
Ż 0.95) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="B1BEC3B6AC2B3B442F47D320FC63AE68" box="[878,963,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[223,1345,196,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[218,1358,193,1870]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 11. Bayesian phylogeny of Sphenarium species based on CO 1 sequences of Pedraza-Lara et al. (2015) and this study. The analysis was conducted using the substitution model estimated previously and under the same conditions above specified for the concatenated phylogenetic analysis in methods section. Terminals of different colours represent the 17 recognized species in this study. Black dots behind the nodes indicate PP values greater than 95 %. Black bottom bars are equal to 0.04 substitutions per site." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/804206/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B44287BD320FB79AE69" box="[1106,1241,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B44287BD320FB79AE69" box="[1106,1241,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sphenarium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. Gro3 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B4429AED321FEA7AE84" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B4429AED321FEA7AE84" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442D27D303FEE6AE84" box="[270,326,367,392]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442D27D303FEE6AE84" bold="true" box="[270,326,367,392]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
did not form a monophyletic group, we consider that these taxa should represent the same species, considering their phylogenetic and geographic proximity. For other taxonomic studies in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442924D3F9FA3CAEA0" box="[1293,1436,405,428]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442924D3F9FA3CAEA0" box="[1293,1436,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">S. crypticum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00C2BE5AAC2B3B442CBED3DBFF6EAEDC" box="[151,206,439,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442CBED3DBFF6EAEDC" bold="true" box="[151,206,439,464]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">sp.n.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
was unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="619F8CB8AC2B3B442CEED3B0FAD1AD14" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="293ADF33AC2B3B442CEED3B0FAD1AD14" blockId="44.[151,1436,151,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="1BF10321AC2B3B442CEED3B0FEEEAEF9" bold="true" box="[199,334,476,501]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EE85A4B0AC2B3B442E6BD3B0FD19AEF9" box="[578,697,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Pyrgomorphidae" genus="Sphenarium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crypticum">crypticum</taxonomicName>
|
||
” is derived from Latin and means “concealed”. It refers to the condition in which this species remained undiscovered and also the close similarity with other adjacent species
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |