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<document id="85C482E8FB2BC813692E558DE835CC12" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.606.3.2" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202586" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1690879640416" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pereira, Andreia Cavalcante, Alves, Jannah Thalis Da Silva, Vidal, Regiane Gabriele Rocha, Kociolek, John Patrick, Torgan, Lezilda Carvalho &amp; Melo, Sérgio" docDate="2023" docId="03B087B65443C10723EA318B4ADECF1D" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.606.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 606 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.606.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.6:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Neidium muyrakytan A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="196" masterDocId="FF89FFCE5445C10C236237214A78CB05" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of three new Neidium Pfitzer species of the Arapiuns and Tapajós Rivers Basin (Santarém, Pará, Brazil)" masterLastPageNumber="200" masterPageNumber="185" pageNumber="191" updateTime="1691517207552" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6288A628E3772A905EAF962C3253A91B">Taxonomy of three new Neidium Pfitzer species of the Arapiuns and Tapajós Rivers Basin (Santarém, Pará, Brazil)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4B4CBA1318FA9B61C82AB0B8F15DCC79">Pereira, Andreia Cavalcante</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FDC171BCC23C9C8AD868D1A70FEF53E5">Alves, Jannah Thalis Da Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8438DE5A37E037878BC173817DC86EC9">Vidal, Regiane Gabriele Rocha</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="938380449F44BA5E62D5E2DFA559767D">Kociolek, John Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="747BF8F3BAEE22BD42913E25A6336408">Torgan, Lezilda Carvalho</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B547CB21FCE761B48FCB63B1B790B394">Melo, Sérgio</mods:namePart>
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<heading id="D0EE81CC5443C10A23EA318B4F20CDC1" bold="true" box="[136,1368,1706,1733]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="191" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D235443C10A23EA318B493CCDC1" authority="A.C. Pereira, J.P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,836,1706,1733]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="6" pageNumber="191" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25443C10A23EA318B4B05CDC0" bold="true" box="[136,381,1706,1733]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
A.C. Pereira, J.P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo
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, 
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<emphasis id="B96DEAB25443C10A2032318A49D9CDC0" bold="true" box="[848,929,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
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(LM: 
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A2094318B4E0ECDC1" box="[1014,1142,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Figs 26–32</figureCitation>
, SEM: 
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A27B2318B4F28CDC1" box="[1232,1360,1706,1732]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Figs 33–39</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="8BA636A05443C10A23EA31D348A5CC08" blockId="6.[136,1452,1778,2093]" box="[136,733,1778,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Individuals examined for morphological analyses: 15</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636A05443C10523DF30374B31CA69" blockId="6.[136,1452,1778,2093]" lastBlockId="9.[136,1452,158,364]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">
Valves linear to linear-lanceolate, margins parallel, slightly convex in the center with acute rounded apices (
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A261830374AA9CC51" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Figs 26–32</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A23BC301B4A85CC51" box="[222,253,1850,1876]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">33</figureCitation>
). Valve length 73.99–115.10 µm (average 86.45 µm; standard deviation ± 12.13 µm) and breadth 15.22– 20.77 µm (average 18.25 µm; standard deviation ± 1.66 µm). Axial area narrow, almost linear from center to apex, length/breadth ratio 3.92–5.75. Central area transapically rounded to elliptical in shape. In SEM, raphe lateral, external proximal raphe endings deflected hooks, bent at approximately 90 
<superScript id="7C6C9BE85443C10A201D308749FFCCB1" attach="left" box="[895,903,1958,1972]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">o</superScript>
angles in opposite directions from one another, and distal raphe endings bifurcate formed by broad triangular laciniae that extend to the base of the valve apex (
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A261830EB4A85C30D" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Figs 34–35, 36</figureCitation>
). Internally, each proximal helictoglossa forms two loosely ribbed nodules interconnected by a thin bridge of silica (
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A23923F334B3BC329" box="[240,323,2066,2092]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
). Distal helictoglossae 
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thickened nodules near the apices (
<figureCitation id="13222A255443C10A271D3F334F7AC329" box="[1151,1282,2066,2092]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="191">Figs 37–38</figureCitation>
). Striae (15–17 in 10 μm) oblique at the center becoming slightly convergent at the apices (
<figureCitation id="13222A25544CC10520AE37BF4E36CBBD" box="[972,1102,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Figs 26–32</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="13222A25544CC105273A37BF4EDBCBBC" box="[1112,1187,158,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">34–35</figureCitation>
). Externally, one or two Voigt faults present on the secondary side of the valve and clearly recognizable by a single row of areolae separated from the striae (
<figureCitation id="13222A25544CC105225A37C74B9DCA05" box="[312,485,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Figs 26, 30–31</figureCitation>
). Areolae evenly spaced, rounded to elongate linear-elliptical in shape, appearing more elliptical closer to the longitudinal canal. Each stria with 4–5 areolae in 2 µm. Two or three wide longitudinal canals are present along each valve margin, and they are accompanied by irregularly-shaped pores at the apices of the valves (
<figureCitation id="13222A25544CC10523F236734B45CA69" box="[144,317,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–39" captionStartId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-31@10.[205,1381,190,1929]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 33–39. Neidium muyrakytan in SEM. Fig. 33. General external valve view. Figs. 34, 35. External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90o. Fig. 36. Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. Fig. 37. General internal valve view. Fig. 38. Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. Fig. 39. Proximal raphe endings form loosely interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Figs 33–34, 37</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B23E335184A9BC94A" bold="true" box="[129,227,569,591]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
Summary morphological and metrics data for the 
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<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B21CE35184881C94A" box="[684,761,569,591]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Neidium</emphasis>
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and compared to closely related taxa.
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<paragraph id="8BA636A05442C10B23E535464DC8CD2E" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
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<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B225235464B03C97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, S. Melo, L. Torgan, R. G. R. Vidal, J. P. Kociolek &amp; J. T. S. Alves" authorityYear="2023" box="[304,379,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="borari">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B225235464B03C97F" bold="true" box="[304,379,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. borari</emphasis>
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</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB354648F8C97F" box="[473,640,615,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B22BB354648F8C97F" box="[473,640,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="angustirostratum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B22BB354648F8C97F" bold="true" box="[473,640,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. angustirostratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC35464948C97F" box="[654,816,615,634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B21EC35464978C97F" box="[654,768,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="statuarium">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B21EC35464978C97F" bold="true" box="[654,768,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. statuarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF32022354649A3C97F" box="[832,987,615,634]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B2022354649C1C97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. T. S. Alves, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[832,953,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="itapariensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B2022354649C1C97F" bold="true" box="[832,953,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. itapariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF3208835464E0FC97F" box="[1002,1143,615,634]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B208835464E0FC97F" box="[1002,1143,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="vandusenense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B208835464E0FC97F" bold="true" box="[1002,1143,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. vandusenense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF35464F43C97F" box="[1165,1339,615,634]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B27EF35464F71C97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[1165,1289,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B27EF35464F71C97F" bold="true" box="[1165,1289,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E35464F84C97F" box="[1356,1532,615,634]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B262E35464FBEC97F" box="[1356,1478,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B262E35464FBEC97F" bold="true" box="[1356,1478,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B35464CCEC97F" box="[1545,1718,615,634]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B256B35464CDBC97F" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1545,1699,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rolandschmidtii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B256B35464CDBC97F" bold="true" box="[1545,1699,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. rolandschmidtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF325A035464D23C97F" box="[1730,1883,615,634]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B25A035464D5BC97F" authorityName="Reimer" authorityYear="1966" box="[1730,1827,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sacoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B25A035464D5BC97F" bold="true" box="[1730,1827,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. sacoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF3240835464D87C97F" box="[1898,2047,615,634]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D235442C10B240835464D97C97F" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1898,2031,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sterrenburgii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B240835464D97C97F" bold="true" box="[1898,2031,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">N. sterrenburgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E535B74D87C9E5" box="[135,2047,662,736]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E535B74B61C9E5" box="[135,281,662,736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B23E535904A9CC9C0" bold="true" box="[135,228,689,709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">References</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3225235B74BB6C9E5" box="[304,462,662,736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B225235904BE8C9C0" bold="true" box="[304,400,689,709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB35B748F8C9E5" box="[473,640,662,736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B22BB35B74857C9E5" author="Lange-Bertalot, H. &amp; Cavacini, P. &amp; Tagliaventi, N. &amp; Alfinito, S." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 438" refId="ref9119" refString="Lange-Bertalot, H., Cavacini, P., Tagliaventi, N. &amp; Alfinito, S. (2003) Diatom of Sardinia. Rare and 76 new species in rock pools and other ephemeral waters. Iconographia Diatomologica 12: 1 - 438." type="journal article" year="2003">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B22BB35B74857C9E5" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Lange-Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B22BB35904B85C9C1" bold="true" box="[473,509,689,708]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
. (2003: 85)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC35B74948C9E5" box="[654,816,662,736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B21EC35854890C9D7" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Siver &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B21B735854890C9D7" author="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Jahn, R." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="281 - 294" refId="ref8171" refString="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Jahn, R. (2005) Typification of Navicula affinis Ehrenberg: Type for the name of the genus Neidium Pfitzer. Diatom Research 20 (2): 281 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0269249 X. 2005.9705637" type="journal article" year="2005">Hamilton (2005:364)</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3202235B749A3C9E5" box="[832,987,662,736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B2022359049D8C9C0" bold="true" box="[832,928,689,709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3208835B74E0FC9E5" box="[1002,1143,662,736]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B208835854E38C9D7" author="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Savoie, A. M. &amp; Sayre, C. M. &amp; Skibbe, O. &amp; Zimmermann, J. &amp; Bull, D. B." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="39 - 62" refId="ref8225" refString="Hamilton, P. B., Savoie, A. M., Sayre, C. M., Skibbe, O., Zimmermann, J. &amp; Bull, D. B. (2019) Novel Neidium Pfitzer species from western Canada based upon morphology and plastid DNA sequences. Phytotaxa 419 (1): 39 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 419.1.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B208835854E38C9D7" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Hamilton 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B272335854E1CC9B2" bold="true" box="[1089,1124,676,695]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
. (2019: 48)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF35B74F43C9E5" box="[1165,1339,662,736]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B27EF35904E95C9C0" bold="true" box="[1165,1261,689,709]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E35B74F84C9E5" box="[1356,1532,662,736]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B262E35854FD3C9D7" author="Liu, Y. &amp; Kociolek, J. P. &amp; Liu, Q. &amp; Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref9290" refString="Liu, Y., Kociolek, J. P., Liu, Q., Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y. (2020) A new aerophilic Neidium Pfitzer (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Phytotaxa 432 (2): 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 432.2.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B262E35854FD3C9D7" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B260D35854FE0C9B2" bold="true" box="[1391,1432,676,695]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">et al.</emphasis>
(2020: 172)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B35B74CCEC9E5" box="[1545,1718,662,736]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B256B35B74C56C9E5" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Metzeltin &amp; Lange- Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B253635904C0FC9C1" bold="true" box="[1620,1655,689,708]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
. (2007: 177)
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A035B74D23C9E5" box="[1730,1883,662,736]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B25A035854D59C9D7" author="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="688" refId="ref9477" refString="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W. (1966) The diatoms of the United States exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. Volume 1. Fragilariaceae, Eunotoniaceae, Achnanthaceae, Naviculaceae. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13: 688, 64 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1351135" type="journal article" year="1966">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B25A035854D59C9D7" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Patrick &amp; Reimer (1966: 402)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3240835B74D87C9E5" box="[1898,2047,662,736]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B515442C10B240835B74D9BC9E5" author="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." pageId="7" pageNumber="192" pagination="1 - 877" refId="ref9443" refString="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks in the biogeographic disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1 - 877." type="journal article" year="2007">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B240835B74D9BC9E5" bold="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B249335904D02C9DA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">et al</emphasis>
. (2007: 180)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E534264D87C831" box="[135,2047,775,820]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E534264B61C831" box="[135,281,775,820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B23E534354A83C82D" bold="true" box="[135,251,788,808]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Valve Outline</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3225234264BB6C831" box="[304,462,775,820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear-elliptical to elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB342648F8C831" box="[473,640,775,820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear-lanceolate to linear-elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC34264948C831" box="[654,816,775,820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear-elliptical to elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022342649A3C831" box="[832,987,775,820]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear-elliptical to elliptic-lanceolate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3208834264E0FC831" box="[1002,1143,775,820]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear to linear- elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF34264F43C831" box="[1165,1339,775,820]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear to linear- lanceolate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E34264F84C831" box="[1356,1532,775,820]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear to linear- lanceolate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B34264CCEC831" box="[1545,1718,775,820]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear to slightly linear-lanceolate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A034264D23C831" box="[1730,1883,775,820]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3240834264D87C831" box="[1898,2047,775,820]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E5344D4D87C8CA" box="[135,2047,876,975]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E5344D4B61C8CA" box="[135,281,876,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Valve Apices</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32252344D4BB6C8CA" box="[304,462,876,975]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Strongly attenuated</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB344D48F8C8CA" box="[473,640,876,975]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Abruptly protacted narrow rostrate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC344D4948C8CA" box="[654,816,876,975]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Strongly attenuated</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022344D49A3C8CA" box="[832,987,876,975]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Strongly protracted capitate apices</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32088344D4E0FC8CA" box="[1002,1143,876,975]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Apiculate extended</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF344D4F43C8CA" box="[1165,1339,876,975]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Acute rounded</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E344D4F84C8CA" box="[1356,1532,876,975]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Wedge-shaped</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B344D4CCEC8CA" box="[1545,1718,876,975]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Attenuated to a wedge, obtusely rounded</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A0344D4D23C8CA" box="[1730,1883,876,975]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Acute rounded and apiculate</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32408344D4D87C8CA" box="[1898,2047,876,975]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Abruptly tapering wedge-shaped to moderately obtuse (not acute)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E533274D87CF31" box="[135,2047,1030,1076]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E533274B61CF31" box="[135,281,1030,1076]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Valve length (µm)</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3225233274BB6CF31" box="[304,462,1030,1076]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">52.15–67.90</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB332748F8CF31" box="[473,640,1030,1076]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">30–37</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC33274948CF31" box="[654,816,1030,1076]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">36–53</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022332749A3CF31" box="[832,987,1030,1076]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">59.56–66.30</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3208833274E0FCF31" box="[1002,1143,1030,1076]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">96–116</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF33274F43CF31" box="[1165,1339,1030,1076]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">73.99–115.10</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E33274F84CF31" box="[1356,1532,1030,1076]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">81–123</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B33274CCECF31" box="[1545,1718,1030,1076]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">100–220 (not about 40–100)</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A033274D23CF31" box="[1730,1883,1030,1076]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">60–80</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3240833274D87CF31" box="[1898,2047,1030,1076]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">105–165</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E5334A4D87CF9C" box="[135,2047,1131,1177]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E5334A4B61CF9C" box="[135,281,1131,1177]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Breadth (µm)</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32252334A4BB6CF9C" box="[304,462,1131,1177]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">15.36–17.75</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB334A48F8CF9C" box="[473,640,1131,1177]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">8.0–8.5</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC334A4948CF9C" box="[654,816,1131,1177]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">12–15</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022334A49A3CF9C" box="[832,987,1131,1177]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">13.4–15.1</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32088334A4E0FCF9C" box="[1002,1143,1131,1177]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">20–23</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF334A4F43CF9C" box="[1165,1339,1131,1177]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">15.22–20.77</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E334A4F84CF9C" box="[1356,1532,1131,1177]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">18–22</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B334A4CCECF9C" box="[1545,1718,1131,1177]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">20–c.27</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A0334A4D23CF9C" box="[1730,1883,1131,1177]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">19–25</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32408334A4D87CF9C" box="[1898,2047,1131,1177]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">30–35 (not 19–25)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E533F14D87CFFB" box="[135,2047,1232,1278]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E33F14F84CFFB" box="[1356,1532,1232,1278]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrowly lanceolate, being linear and</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E532244D87CE6D" box="[135,2047,1285,1384]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E532244B61CE6D" box="[135,281,1285,1384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Axial area</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3225232244BB6CE6D" box="[304,462,1285,1384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB322448F8CE6D" box="[473,640,1285,1384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC32244948CE6D" box="[654,816,1285,1384]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, linear to elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022322449A3CE6D" box="[832,987,1285,1384]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3208832244E0FCE6D" box="[1002,1143,1285,1384]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Linear–elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF32244F43CE6D" box="[1165,1339,1285,1384]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, almost linear from center to apex</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E32244F84CE6D" box="[1356,1532,1285,1384]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">narrow at the apex. Some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B32244CCECE6D" box="[1545,1718,1285,1384]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, almost linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A032244D23CE6D" box="[1730,1883,1285,1384]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, straight</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3240832244D87CE6D" box="[1898,2047,1285,1384]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Narrow, linear</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E254423EF323E532814D87CD56" box="[135,2047,1440,1619]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<th id="76F85D9E54423EF323E532814B61CD56" box="[135,281,1440,1619]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Central area</th>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3225232814BB6CD56" box="[304,462,1440,1619]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Transapically rounded to rhombic in shape</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF322BB328148F8CD56" box="[473,640,1440,1619]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Rather small, obliquely elongated transapically</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF321EC32814948CD56" box="[654,816,1440,1619]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Transapically elliptical, with a ruminate to scrobiculate sculpturing between the proximal raphe fissures</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF32022328149A3CD56" box="[832,987,1440,1619]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Transapically elliptical to rhombic in shape</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3208832814E0FCD56" box="[1002,1143,1440,1619]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Transapically expanded</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF327EF32814F43CD56" box="[1165,1339,1440,1619]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Rounded to elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3262E32814F84CD56" box="[1356,1532,1440,1619]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Small, elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3256B32814CCECD56" box="[1545,1718,1440,1619]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">about 1/3 of the valve breadth, transapically elliptical</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF325A032814D23CD56" box="[1730,1883,1440,1619]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">Small, orbicular</td>
<td id="76F85D9E54423EF3240832814D87CD56" box="[1898,2047,1440,1619]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">1/3–1/2 of the valve breadth, transapically elliptical</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636A05442C10B246F315E427BCD97" blockId="7.[1805,2051,1663,1682]" box="[1805,2051,1663,1682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB25442C10B246F315E427BCD97" box="[1805,2051,1663,1682]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="192">
<tableNote id="76FF372E5442C10B246F315E427BCD97" box="[1805,2051,1663,1682]" pageId="7" pageNumber="192" targetBox="[135,2047,615,1619]" targetPageId="7">......continued on the next page</tableNote>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544DC10423E335184B2EC94A" blockId="8.[129,342,569,591]" box="[129,342,569,591]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10423E335184A9BC94A" bold="true" box="[129,227,569,591]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
(Continued)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544DC10423E535464D11CD4D" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<table id="F919C400544D3EF323E53546427ACD67" box="[135,2050,615,1634]" colsContinueFrom="7.[135,2047,615,1619]" gridcols="11" gridrows="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E53546427AC97F" box="[135,2050,615,634]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E535464B5DC97F" box="[135,293,615,634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Taxa</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225535464BB7C97F" box="[311,463,615,634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104225535464BFAC97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, S. Melo, L. Torgan, R. G. R. Vidal, J. P. Kociolek &amp; J. T. S. Alves" authorityYear="2023" box="[311,386,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="borari">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104225535464BFAC97F" bold="true" box="[311,386,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. borari</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282354648F5C97F" box="[480,653,615,634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC1042282354648FFC97F" box="[480,647,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="angustirostratum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC1042282354648FFC97F" bold="true" box="[480,647,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. angustirostratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F83546493AC97F" box="[666,834,615,634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC10421F835464975C97F" box="[666,781,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="statuarium">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10421F835464975C97F" bold="true" box="[666,781,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. statuarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D35464991C97F" box="[847,1001,615,634]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104202D354649BFC97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. T. S. Alves, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[847,967,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="itapariensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104202D354649BFC97F" bold="true" box="[847,967,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. itapariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276235464EF6C97F" box="[1024,1166,615,634]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104276235464EF4C97F" box="[1024,1164,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="vandusenense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104276235464EF4C97F" bold="true" box="[1024,1164,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. vandusenense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C335464F43C97F" box="[1185,1339,615,634]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC10427C335464F64C97F" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[1185,1308,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10427C335464F64C97F" bold="true" box="[1185,1308,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B35464F97C97F" box="[1353,1519,615,634]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104262B35464FBBC97F" box="[1353,1475,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104262B35464FBBC97F" bold="true" box="[1353,1475,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256035464CD0C97F" box="[1538,1704,615,634]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104256035464CE4C97F" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1538,1692,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rolandschmidtii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104256035464CE4C97F" bold="true" box="[1538,1692,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. rolandschmidtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D135464D34C97F" box="[1715,1868,615,634]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC10425D135464D6CC97F" authorityName="Reimer" authorityYear="1966" box="[1715,1812,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sacoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10425D135464D6CC97F" bold="true" box="[1715,1812,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. sacoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D3546427AC97F" box="[1887,2050,615,634]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544DC104243D35464D9BC97F" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1887,2019,615,634]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sterrenburgii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104243D35464D9BC97F" bold="true" box="[1887,2019,615,634]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">N. sterrenburgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E535B7427AC9E5" box="[135,2050,662,736]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E535B74B5DC9E5" box="[135,293,662,736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10423E535904A9CC9C0" bold="true" box="[135,228,689,709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">References</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225535B74BB7C9E5" box="[311,463,662,736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104225535904BEFC9C0" bold="true" box="[311,407,689,709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3228235B748F5C9E5" box="[480,653,662,736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC104228235B7484EC9E5" author="Lange-Bertalot, H. &amp; Cavacini, P. &amp; Tagliaventi, N. &amp; Alfinito, S." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 438" refId="ref9119" refString="Lange-Bertalot, H., Cavacini, P., Tagliaventi, N. &amp; Alfinito, S. (2003) Diatom of Sardinia. Rare and 76 new species in rock pools and other ephemeral waters. Iconographia Diatomologica 12: 1 - 438." type="journal article" year="2003">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104228235B7484EC9E5" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Lange-Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10422823590487CC9C1" bold="true" box="[480,516,689,708]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
. (2003: 85)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F835B7493AC9E5" box="[666,834,662,736]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10421F83585488CC9D7" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Siver &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC10421833585488CC9D7" author="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Jahn, R." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="281 - 294" refId="ref8171" refString="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Jahn, R. (2005) Typification of Navicula affinis Ehrenberg: Type for the name of the genus Neidium Pfitzer. Diatom Research 20 (2): 281 - 294. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 0269249 X. 2005.9705637" type="journal article" year="2005">Hamilton (2005:364)</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D35B74991C9E5" box="[847,1001,662,736]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104202D359049D6C9C0" bold="true" box="[847,942,689,709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276235B74EF6C9E5" box="[1024,1166,662,736]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC104276235854E2DC9D7" author="Hamilton, P. B. &amp; Savoie, A. M. &amp; Sayre, C. M. &amp; Skibbe, O. &amp; Zimmermann, J. &amp; Bull, D. B." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="39 - 62" refId="ref8225" refString="Hamilton, P. B., Savoie, A. M., Sayre, C. M., Skibbe, O., Zimmermann, J. &amp; Bull, D. B. (2019) Novel Neidium Pfitzer species from western Canada based upon morphology and plastid DNA sequences. Phytotaxa 419 (1): 39 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 419.1.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104276235854E2DC9D7" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Hamilton 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104273435854E02C9B2" bold="true" box="[1110,1146,676,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
. (2019: 48)
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</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C335B74F43C9E5" box="[1185,1339,662,736]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10427C335904F78C9C0" bold="true" box="[1185,1280,689,709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">(this study)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B35B74F97C9E5" box="[1353,1519,662,736]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC104262B35854FD0C9D7" author="Liu, Y. &amp; Kociolek, J. P. &amp; Liu, Q. &amp; Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref9290" refString="Liu, Y., Kociolek, J. P., Liu, Q., Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y. (2020) A new aerophilic Neidium Pfitzer (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Phytotaxa 432 (2): 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 432.2.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104262B35854FD0C9D7" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104260E35854FEDC9B2" bold="true" box="[1388,1429,676,695]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">et al.</emphasis>
(2020: 172)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256035B74CD0C9E5" box="[1538,1704,662,736]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC104256035B74C02C9E5" author="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 877" refId="ref9443" refString="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks in the biogeographic disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1 - 877." type="journal article" year="2007">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104256035B74C02C9E5" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10425EA35904C6AC9DA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
. (2007: 177)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D135B74D34C9E5" box="[1715,1868,662,736]" gridcol="9" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC10425D135854D6AC9D7" author="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="688" refId="ref9477" refString="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W. (1966) The diatoms of the United States exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. Volume 1. Fragilariaceae, Eunotoniaceae, Achnanthaceae, Naviculaceae. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13: 688, 64 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1351135" type="journal article" year="1966">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC10425D135854D6AC9D7" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Patrick &amp; Reimer (1966: 402)</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D35B7427AC9E5" box="[1887,2050,662,736]" gridcol="10" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544DC104243D35B74DA0C9E5" author="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." pageId="8" pageNumber="193" pagination="1 - 877" refId="ref9443" refString="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks in the biogeographic disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1 - 877." type="journal article" year="2007">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104243D35B74DA0C9E5" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544DC104248435904D17C9DA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">et al</emphasis>
. (2007: 180)
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E53426427AC830" box="[135,2050,775,821]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E534264B5DC830" box="[135,293,775,821]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Raphe</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225534264BB7C830" box="[311,463,775,821]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Filiform</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282342648F5C830" box="[480,653,775,821]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Straight, filiform</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F83426493AC830" box="[666,834,775,821]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">**</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D34264991C830" box="[847,1001,775,821]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Filiform</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276234264EF6C830" box="[1024,1166,775,821]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Linear</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C334264F43C830" box="[1185,1339,775,821]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Lateral</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B34264F97C830" box="[1353,1519,775,821]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Lateral</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256034264CD0C830" box="[1538,1704,775,821]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Lateral</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D134264D34C830" box="[1715,1868,775,821]" gridcol="9" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Narrow, straight</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D3426427AC830" box="[1887,2050,775,821]" gridcol="10" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Straight, moderately lateral (not filiform)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E5344D427AC8B1" box="[135,2050,876,948]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E5344D4B5DC8B1" box="[135,293,876,948]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Proximal raphe endings</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32255344D4BB7C8B1" box="[311,463,876,948]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Straight with drop- like shaped</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282344D48F5C8B1" box="[480,653,876,948]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Rather long, curved in opposite directions</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F8344D493AC8B1" box="[666,834,876,948]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Strongly deflected in opposite directions</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D344D4991C8B1" box="[847,1001,876,948]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Recurved in opposite directions</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32762344D4EF6C8B1" box="[1024,1166,876,948]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Deflected hooks</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C3344D4F43C8B1" box="[1185,1339,876,948]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Deflected hooks forming right angles</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B344D4F97C8B1" box="[1353,1519,876,948]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Curved in opposite directions</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32560344D4CD0C8B1" box="[1538,1704,876,948]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Deflected hooks forming right angles</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D1344D4D34C8B1" box="[1715,1868,876,948]" gridcol="9" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Curved in opposite directions</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D344D427AC8B1" box="[1887,2050,876,948]" gridcol="10" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Sharp-angle to right angle</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E534CD427ACF9A" box="[135,2050,1004,1183]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E534CD4B5DCF9A" box="[135,293,1004,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Striation pattern</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225534CD4BB7CF9A" box="[311,463,1004,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Parallel at the center, slightly convergent at the apices</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3228234CD48F5CF9A" box="[480,653,1004,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Subparallel and moderately oblique throughout or near the apices some irregularly convergent, comparatively coarse</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F834CD493ACF9A" box="[666,834,1004,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Parallel to slightly oblique</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D34CD4991CF9A" box="[847,1001,1004,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Radiate to slightly oblique at the center, converging slightly at the apices</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276234CD4EF6CF9A" box="[1024,1166,1004,1183]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Oblique to mildly convergent at apices</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C334CD4F43CF9A" box="[1185,1339,1004,1183]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Oblique at the center becoming towards converging slightly at the apex</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B34CD4F97CF9A" box="[1353,1519,1004,1183]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Slightly oblique along the transapical axis, become convergent near the apex</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256034CD4CD0CF9A" box="[1538,1704,1004,1183]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Obliquely subparallel at center, stronger towards converging the apex</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D134CD4D34CF9A" box="[1715,1868,1004,1183]" gridcol="9" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Parallel, radiate at the center</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D34CD427ACF9A" box="[1887,2050,1004,1183]" gridcol="10" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Subparallel (never oblique), slightly convergent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E533F7427ACFEC" box="[135,2050,1238,1257]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E533F74B5DCFEC" box="[135,293,1238,1257]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Striae (in 10 μm)</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225533F74BB7CFEC" box="[311,463,1238,1257]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">16–18</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3228233F748F5CFEC" box="[480,653,1238,1257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">18.0–18.5</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F833F7493ACFEC" box="[666,834,1238,1257]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">19–23</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D33F74991CFEC" box="[847,1001,1238,1257]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">19–20</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276233F74EF6CFEC" box="[1024,1166,1238,1257]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">14–17</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C333F74F43CFEC" box="[1185,1339,1238,1257]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">15–17</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B33F74F97CFEC" box="[1353,1519,1238,1257]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">17–18</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256033F74CD0CFEC" box="[1538,1704,1238,1257]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">13–14 (not 16–20)</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D133F74D34CFEC" box="[1715,1868,1238,1257]" gridcol="9" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">15–16</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D33F7427ACFEC" box="[1887,2050,1238,1257]" gridcol="10" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">13 (not 15–18)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E53201427ACE36" box="[135,2050,1312,1331]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E532014B5DCE36" box="[135,293,1312,1331]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Voigt faults</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225532014BB7CE36" box="[311,463,1312,1331]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 or 2</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282320148F5CE36" box="[480,653,1312,1331]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">**</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F83201493ACE36" box="[666,834,1312,1331]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 sometimes 2</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D32014991CE36" box="[847,1001,1312,1331]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 or 2</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3276232014EF6CE36" box="[1024,1166,1312,1331]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 or 2*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C332014F43CE36" box="[1185,1339,1312,1331]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 or 2</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B32014F97CE36" box="[1353,1519,1312,1331]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">2*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256032014CD0CE36" box="[1538,1704,1312,1331]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">**</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D132014D34CE36" box="[1715,1868,1312,1331]" gridcol="9" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">2*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D3201427ACE36" box="[1887,2050,1312,1331]" gridcol="10" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">2*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E5324A427ACE9D" box="[135,2050,1387,1432]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E5324A4B5DCE9D" box="[135,293,1387,1432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Density of areolae</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32255324A4BB7CE9D" box="[311,463,1387,1432]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">5–7 in 2 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282324A48F5CE9D" box="[480,653,1387,1432]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">25 in 10 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F8324A493ACE9D" box="[666,834,1387,1432]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">4–5 in 2 µm*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D324A4991CE9D" box="[847,1001,1387,1432]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">8–9 in 5 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32762324A4EF6CE9D" box="[1024,1166,1387,1432]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">14–16 in 10 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C3324A4F43CE9D" box="[1185,1339,1387,1432]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">8–9 in 5 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B324A4F97CE9D" box="[1353,1519,1387,1432]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">9–10 in 5 µm*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32560324A4CD0CE9D" box="[1538,1704,1387,1432]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">14–15 in 10 µm (not 16–24)</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D1324A4D34CE9D" box="[1715,1868,1387,1432]" gridcol="9" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">18 in 10 µm</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D324A427ACE9D" box="[1887,2050,1387,1432]" gridcol="10" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">12–15 (not 18)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E532F1427ACEE6" box="[135,2050,1488,1507]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E532F14B5DCEE6" box="[135,293,1488,1507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Longitudinal canals</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3225532F14BB7CEE6" box="[311,463,1488,1507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Wide</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3228232F148F5CEE6" box="[480,653,1488,1507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Strictly marginal</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F832F1493ACEE6" box="[666,834,1488,1507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Wide</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D32F14991CEE6" box="[847,1001,1488,1507]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Wide</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C332F14F43CEE6" box="[1185,1339,1488,1507]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Wide</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B32F14F97CEE6" box="[1353,1519,1488,1507]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">**</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3256032F14CD0CEE6" box="[1538,1704,1488,1507]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Broad</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D132F14D34CEE6" box="[1715,1868,1488,1507]" gridcol="9" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Wide</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D32F1427ACEE6" box="[1887,2050,1488,1507]" gridcol="10" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Broad</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352934E2544D3EF323E5313B427ACD67" box="[135,2050,1562,1634]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<th id="76F85D9E544D3EF323E5313B4B5DCD67" box="[135,293,1562,1634]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">Number of longitudinal canal along each margin</th>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32255313B4BB7CD67" box="[311,463,1562,1634]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32282313B48F5CD67" box="[480,653,1562,1634]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">**</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF321F8313B493ACD67" box="[666,834,1562,1634]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3202D313B4991CD67" box="[847,1001,1562,1634]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32762313B4EF6CD67" box="[1024,1166,1562,1634]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">3 or more</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF327C3313B4F43CD67" box="[1185,1339,1562,1634]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">2 or 3</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3262B313B4F97CD67" box="[1353,1519,1562,1634]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1 or 2</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF32560313B4CD0CD67" box="[1538,1704,1562,1634]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF325D1313B4D34CD67" box="[1715,1868,1562,1634]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1*</td>
<td id="76F85D9E544D3EF3243D313B427ACD67" box="[1887,2050,1562,1634]" gridcol="10" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">1</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544DC10423E3315D4809CD97" blockId="8.[129,625,1660,1682]" box="[129,625,1660,1682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193">
<tableNote id="76FF372E544DC10423E3315D4809CD97" box="[129,625,1660,1682]" pageId="8" pageNumber="193" targetBox="[135,2050,615,1634]" targetPageId="8">* measured in the illustrations, ** without description.</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF666628544CC10523EA30C5496CC318" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="194" startId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" targetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544CC10523EA30C5496CC318" blockId="9.[136,1451,2020,2078]" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544CC10523EA30C54B47CCFC" bold="true" box="[136,319,2020,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">FIGURES 19–32.</emphasis>
LM valve views. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544CC105216230C54805CCFC" bold="true" box="[512,637,2020,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Figs. 19–25.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544CC10521E530C5492CCCFF" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. T. S. Alves, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[647,852,2020,2042]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="9" pageNumber="194" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="itapariensis">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544CC10521E530C5492CCCFF" box="[647,852,2020,2042]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Neidium itapariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544CC10527B030C54F37CCFC" bold="true" box="[1234,1359,2020,2042]" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Figs. 26–32.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544CC105263830C54A81C318" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="9" pageNumber="194" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544CC105263830C54A81C318" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="194">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF666628544FC10623EA30804E28C327" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8202602" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202602/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="195" startId="10.[136,243,1953,1975]" targetBox="[206,1380,192,1927]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544FC10623EA30804E28C327" blockId="10.[136,1452,1953,2083]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC10623EA30804B44CCB3" bold="true" box="[136,316,1953,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">FIGURES 33–39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544FC10622293080486DCCB3" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[331,533,1953,1974]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="10" pageNumber="195" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC10622293080486DCCB3" box="[331,533,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in SEM. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC1062114308048BCCCB3" bold="true" box="[630,708,1953,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Fig. 33.</emphasis>
General external valve view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC106208B30804E1DCCB3" bold="true" box="[1001,1125,1953,1975]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Figs. 34, 35.</emphasis>
External view showing proximal raphe deflected hooks forming bent at approximately 90 
<superScript id="7C6C9BE8544FC10621C630E548D3CCD5" attach="none" box="[676,683,1988,2000]" fontSize="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">o</superScript>
. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC10621D530E4497ACCDF" bold="true" box="[695,770,1989,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Fig. 36.</emphasis>
Triangular lacinia that cover the distal raphe endings. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC106266C30E44F21CCDF" bold="true" box="[1294,1369,1989,2011]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Fig. 37.</emphasis>
General internal valve view. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC106222B30C84BEBCCFB" bold="true" box="[329,403,2025,2047]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Fig. 38.</emphasis>
Internally, distal raphe endings showing a prominent thickened nodule. 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544FC106272630C84EF6CCFB" bold="true" box="[1092,1166,2025,2047]" pageId="10" pageNumber="195">Fig. 39.</emphasis>
Proximal raphe endings 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544FC106261F30C84AB5C326" form="loosely" pageId="10" pageNumber="195" rank="form">form loosely</taxonomicName>
interconnected ribbed nodules. Scale bars: Figs. 33, 37 = 10 μm; Figs. 34–36, 38, 39 = 2 μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C303652B544EC10723DF37BF4ACDCA21" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544EC10723DF37BF4ACDCA21" blockId="11.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723DF37BF4B79CBBD" bold="true" box="[189,257,158,184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Type:</emphasis>
— 
<materialsCitation id="3B713CFD544EC107227D37BF4ECECBD9" collectingDate="2018-12-15" collectingDateMax="2018-12-15" collectingDateMin="2012-12-11" collectionCode="HSTM" collectorName="Pereira, A. C. P." country="Brazil" latitude="-2.439361" location="Arapiuns River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.939808" municipality="Arapiuns River" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" specimenCode="16828" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F30E7630544EC107227D37BF4BFFCBBD" box="[287,391,158,184]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49DDF842544EC10722F337BF4BBFCBBD" box="[401,455,158,184]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Pará</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC2ACDA544EC10722B237BF4804CBBD" box="[464,636,158,184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Arapiuns River</collectingMunicipality>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5067544EC10721E137BF4970CBBD" box="[643,776,158,184]" degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-2.333611">02º20’01”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5067544EC107207137BF49D8CBBC" box="[787,928,158,185]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-54.03361">54º02’01”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFA71060544EC10720CE37BF4EFDCBBD" box="[940,1157,158,185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" value="2018-12-15">
<collectingDate id="EFE3E988544EC10720CE37BF4EFDCBBD" box="[940,1157,158,185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" value="2018-12-15">15 December 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26EC5376544EC10727F237BF4F4ECBBD" box="[1168,1334,158,184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Pereira, A.C.P.</collectorName>
, plankton, station 1, (
<typeStatus id="54A28802544EC107226037E34B14CBD9" box="[258,364,194,220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED08AE65544EC107221737E34BBCCBD9" box="[373,452,194,220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">HSTM</collectionCode>
–Algas slide 
<superScript id="7C6C9BE8544EC107213B37E24817CBD5" attach="left" box="[601,623,194,221]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">no</superScript>
<specimenCode id="DBBF9EDB544EC107211B37E348BFCBD9" box="[633,711,194,220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">16828</specimenCode>
!, here illustrated as 
<figureCitation id="13222A25544EC10720CE37E34E64CBD9" box="[940,1052,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Figure 26</figureCitation>
, row sample;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B713CFD544EC10727DD37E24AC9CA21" collectingDate="2012-12-11" collectingDateMax="2018-12-15" collectingDateMin="2012-12-11" collectionCode="HSTM" collectorName="Pereira, A. C. P." country="Brazil" latitude="-2.439361" location="Verde Lake" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.939808" municipality="Arapiuns River" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" specimenCode="HAS 6898" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Para" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54A28802544EC10727DD37E24F67CBD8" box="[1215,1311,195,221]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DBBF9EDB544EC107264B37E34FD0CBD9" box="[1321,1448,194,220]" collectionCode="HAS" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13038" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13038" name="Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" type="Herbarium">HAS 6898</specimenCode>
! 
<location id="8EC6607B544EC10723EA37C74B74CA05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B087B65443C10723EA318B4ADECF1D:8EC6607B544EC10723EA37C74B74CA05" box="[136,268,230,256]" country="Brazil" latitude="-2.439361" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.939808" municipality="Arapiuns River" name="Verde Lake" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" stateProvince="Para">Verde Lake</location>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5067544EC107227537C74BC8CA05" box="[279,432,230,256]" degrees="02" direction="south" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" precision="1" seconds="21.7" value="-2.439361">02°26’21.7”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE2D5067544EC10722D937C74818CA04" box="[443,608,230,257]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" precision="1" seconds="23.3" value="-54.939808">54°56’23.3”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFA71060544EC107210D37C74936CA05" box="[623,846,230,256]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" value="2012-12-11">
<collectingDate id="EFE3E988544EC107210D37C74936CA05" box="[623,846,230,256]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" value="2012-12-11">11 December 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26EC5376544EC107203F37C74E7FCA05" box="[861,1031,230,256]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Pereira, A.C.P.</collectorName>
, plankton, here illustrated as 
<figureCitation id="13222A25544EC107260037C74AD0CA21" captionStart="FIGURES 19–32" captionStartId="9.[136,243,2020,2042]" captionTargetBox="[173,1412,393,1992]" captionTargetId="figure-117@9.[170,1416,389,1995]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19–32. LM valve views. Figs. 19–25. Neidium itapariensis. Fig. 23, holotype. Fig. 22, isotype. Figs. 26–32. Neidium muyrakytan. Fig. 26, holotype. Fig. 29, paratype. Scale bar = 10 μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8202598" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8202598/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Figure 29</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303652B544EC10723DF360F4EFBCA95" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544EC10723DF360F4EFBCA95" blockId="11.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723DF360F4B30CA4D" bold="true" box="[189,328,302,328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Etymology:</emphasis>
—Muyrakyt„ (muiraquit„ in Portuguese) means “knot of trees” in Tupi language. It is the name given to various 
<typeStatus id="54A28802544EC107239E36724B4FCA68" box="[252,311,339,365]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">types</typeStatus>
of old artefacts of Amazonian indigenous origin that belong to Tapajó culture. They are carved in stone (green jade) or wood represented by frogs and often used as amulets. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303652B544EC10723DF36BB4ADECF1D" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA636A0544EC10723DF36BB4ADECF1D" blockId="11.[136,1452,158,1048]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723DF36BB4B1DCAB1" bold="true" box="[189,357,410,436]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Observations:</emphasis>
— 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10722E336BB4814CAB1" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[385,620,410,436]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10722E336BB4814CAB1" box="[385,620,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10720A336BA4F58CAB1" authority="Liu &amp; Kociolek" authorityName="Liu &amp; Kociolek" box="[961,1312,410,436]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10720A336BA4E1ECAB1" box="[961,1126,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
Liu &amp; Kociolek
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544EC107262636BB4B68CADD" author="Liu, Y. &amp; Kociolek, J. P. &amp; Liu, Q. &amp; Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y." pageId="11" pageNumber="196" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref9290" refString="Liu, Y., Kociolek, J. P., Liu, Q., Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y. (2020) A new aerophilic Neidium Pfitzer (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Phytotaxa 432 (2): 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 432.2.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107261136BA4FDDCAB1" box="[1395,1445,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">et al</emphasis>
. (2020: 172)
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107227C369E49B0CADD" authority="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot (2007: 177)" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityPageNumber="177" authorityYear="2007" box="[286,968,446,472]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rolandschmidtii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107227C369E4B89CADD" box="[286,497,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. rolandschmidtii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544EC1072298369F49B0CADD" author="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." box="[506,968,446,472]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 877" refId="ref9443" refString="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks in the biogeographic disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1 - 877." type="journal article" year="2007">Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot (2007: 177)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10720B4369E4EC1CADD" authority="Reimer" authorityName="Reimer" authorityYear="1966" box="[982,1209,446,472]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sacoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10720B4369E4E26CADD" box="[982,1118,447,472]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. sacoense</emphasis>
Reimer
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544EC1072780369F4B75CAF9" author="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W." pageId="11" pageNumber="196" pagination="688" refId="ref9477" refString="Patrick, R. M. &amp; Reimer, C. W. (1966) The diatoms of the United States exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. Volume 1. Fragilariaceae, Eunotoniaceae, Achnanthaceae, Naviculaceae. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 13: 688, 64 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1351135" type="journal article" year="1966">Patrick &amp; Reimer (1966: 402)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107222436C249B2CAF9" authority="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot (2007: 180)" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="2007" box="[326,970,482,508]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sterrenburgii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107222436C24B82CAF9" box="[326,506,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. sterrenburgii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544EC107216036C349B2CAF9" author="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H." box="[514,970,482,508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" pagination="1 - 877" refId="ref9443" refString="Metzeltin, D. &amp; Lange-Bertalot, H. (2007) Tropical diatoms of South America II. Special remarks in the biogeographic disjunction. Iconographia Diatomologica 18: 1 - 877." type="journal article" year="2007">Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot (2007: 180)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by sharing several features: valve outline, axial area, central area and longitudinal canals. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10721FA352749F9C925" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[664,897,518,544]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10721FA352749F9C925" box="[664,897,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a valve outline very similar to those observed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10723C6350A4B3FC941" box="[164,327,554,580]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723C6350A4B3FC941" box="[164,327,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC1072236350A485CC941" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[340,548,554,580]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rolandschmidtii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC1072236350A485CC941" box="[340,548,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. rolandschmidtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107213B350A4973C941" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[601,779,554,580]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sterrenburgii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107213B350A4973C941" box="[601,779,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. sterrenburgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Recently, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10720E5350A4E52C941" box="[903,1066,554,580]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10720E5350A4E52C941" box="[903,1066,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="EF884B51544EC1072794350B4FD4C941" author="Liu, Y. &amp; Kociolek, J. P. &amp; Liu, Q. &amp; Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y." box="[1270,1452,554,580]" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" pagination="171 - 180" refId="ref9290" refString="Liu, Y., Kociolek, J. P., Liu, Q., Tan, X. &amp; Fan, Y. (2020) A new aerophilic Neidium Pfitzer (Neidiaceae, Bacillariophyta) species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Phytotaxa 432 (2): 171 - 180. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 432.2.6" type="journal article" year="2020">
Liu 
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC1072641350A4F23C941" box="[1315,1371,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">et al.</emphasis>
(2020)
</bibRefCitation>
from one sample collected from a wet wall of the hill near a stream in Shiwan Mountains National Forest Park, 
<collectingCountry id="F30E7630544EC10723EA35534AB7C989" box="[136,207,626,652]" name="China" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">China</collectingCountry>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10723BA35534BB8C989" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[216,448,626,652]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723BA35534BB8C989" box="[216,448,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10721333552488BC989" box="[593,755,626,652]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10721333552488BC989" box="[593,755,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mainly by their smaller dimensions and striae density. Another difference with 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107225435B64BA0C9B5" box="[310,472,662,688]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107225435B64BA0C9B5" box="[310,472,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is with respect to striation pattern at the apex which is more convergent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107266835B64FD4C9B5" box="[1290,1452,662,688]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107266835B64FD4C9B5" box="[1290,1452,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
than 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10723A2359A4B1DC9D1" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[192,357,698,724]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10723A2359A4B1DC9D1" box="[192,357,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107216D359A48CCC9D1" box="[527,692,698,724]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="convolutum">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107216D359A48CCC9D1" box="[527,692,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. convolutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished by the presence of some areolae positioned at the axial area next to the raphe and by being more rounded in outline than 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10720D735FE4E21C9FD" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[949,1113,734,760]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10720D735FE4E21C9FD" box="[949,1113,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107270735FF4F02C9FD" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1125,1402,734,760]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="rolandschmidtii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107270735FF4F02C9FD" box="[1125,1402,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Neidium rolandschmidtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from fossil sediments in Calado Lake, Amazon state. This taxon shares several features with our new species but differs by the larger morphometric dimensions, shape of the apices, striation pattern (more convergent towards the apex), the smaller number of striae in 10 μm, and lower density of areolae. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC1072084346B4ED3C861" authorityName="Reimer" authorityYear="1966" box="[998,1195,842,868]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Nedium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sacoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC1072084346B4ED3C861" box="[998,1195,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Nedium sacoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is shorter (60–80 µm) and wider (19–25 µm) and differs by having a straight raphe (not lateral). Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC1072727344E4EB3C88D" authorityName="Reimer" authorityYear="1966" box="[1093,1227,879,904]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Nedium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sacoense">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC1072727344E4EB3C88D" box="[1093,1227,879,904]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. sacoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is different from 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10726F0344E4B74C8A9" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10726F0344E4B74C8A9" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having parallel and radiate striation patterns at the center and a smaller number of longitudinal canals along each valve margin. 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC10722C1349748F3C8D5" authorityName="A. C. Pereira, J. P. Kociolek &amp; S. Melo" authorityYear="2023" box="[419,651,950,976]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="muyrakytan">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC10722C1349748F3C8D5" box="[419,651,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Neidium muyrakytan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C194D23544EC107209E34964ED5C8D5" authorityName="Metzeltin &amp; Lange-Bertalot" authorityYear="2007" box="[1020,1197,950,976]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Neidiaceae" genus="Neidium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="11" pageNumber="196" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="sterrenburgii">
<emphasis id="B96DEAB2544EC107209E34964ED5C8D5" box="[1020,1197,950,976]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="196">N. sterrenburgii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a noticeable difference in striation pattern, number of striae in 10 μm, shape of the apices, and morphometric dimensions (
<tableCitation id="C69B031B544EC107260E34FB4AE0CF1D" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[129,204,569,591]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 3. Summary morphological and metrics data for the Neidium and compared to closely related taxa." pageId="11" pageNumber="196">Table 3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>