288 lines
32 KiB
XML
288 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="BCA978B8F184E8F6C34A75D0D5F71B6D" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.200521" ID-GBIF-Dataset="58f4e48e-1a93-4b20-bd0a-8bc98bf2d618" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="200521" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460341739273" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Gary C. & Alderslade, Philip" docDate="2011" docId="FC569472DE6A1F3177F3FBE7FF41F901" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03001p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3001" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Calibelemnon francei Williams & Alderslade, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="006FEC0ADE631F3D7764FF90FF8FFF99" masterDocTitle="Three new species of pennatulacean octocorals with the ability to attach to rocky substrata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698261214968" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="5EEBAD5C209368427CB10EECA4B6CD9A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0073F6D7540E48C39A7A97F4BC177A64">
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<mods:title id="21770F394931C0048C4CFA7F588D6F2F">Three new species of pennatulacean octocorals with the ability to attach to rocky substrata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="A99226D6E6716551369930B219E2E5DB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ECAB5D033E81606D608B135CE465C18C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="193FE556BB85C0403D562B6EF0B3A9F0">Williams, Gary C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1E66F9CDC7017DE308CCF643EB768E3F" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="9982B158C21D0944AB0EE09DC6D8D82E">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E94FF22F67064D7D7327688E5194916F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C8AB52708CBBC3A01B12D8B48AFCF288">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F9491CF88EA186AE2EF099FE741BA69E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B6E1B5640982651BC84CE84184AA3BBF">
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<mods:title id="CE35ED759831DB89286B5BF900682D7A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="AF68EBF6FC8B87159F8D9ABC88BD89CE">
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<mods:date id="4B451D096E9E8C092D4F4F29C6884334">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="86ED9E90B35D8EEC93A975EBB47C5A86" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EFC1D379888DF6B2D3C2762F6734DEFC">3001</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CB1C1099125107E11FF7F1F5138743B9">33</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="6D67BDD9457451B9339A0A3BC436C4E4">48</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="9D379F416CEA2002C928EE3F909F35EE">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="455A9BEEB6D78DD6E393A8DF0BF3852E" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.200521</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E32117B7B2C83AE3252B162BC702E94B" type="GBIF-Dataset">58f4e48e-1a93-4b20-bd0a-8bc98bf2d618</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="87006BEE32FED90B231E568346E80CD4" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C81E91DC2B00D674699C70BD33B5BFE9" type="Zenodo-Dep">200521</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="FC569472DE6A1F3177F3FBE7FF41F901" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6186539" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119406576" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6186539" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FC569472DE6A1F3177F3FBE7FF41F901" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC569472DE6A1F3177F3FBE7FF41F901" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3477F3FBE7FEC1FB2B" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477F3FBE7FD8DFB08" blockId="9.[151,514,1143,1202]" box="[151,514,1143,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<heading id="2F089208DE6A1F3477F3FBE7FD8DFB08" bold="true" box="[151,514,1143,1169]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477F3FBE7FD8DFB08" bold="true" box="[151,514,1143,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE6A1F3477F3FBE7FE12FB08" ID-CoL="PJP7" box="[151,413,1143,1169]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="francei" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477F3FBE7FE12FB08" bold="true" box="[151,413,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Calibelemnon francei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE6A1F3476C1FBE7FD8DFB08" box="[421,514,1143,1169]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477F3FB0AFEC1FB2B" blockId="9.[151,514,1143,1202]" box="[151,334,1178,1202]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE6A1F3477F3FB0AFF6CFB2B" box="[151,227,1178,1202]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, peduncle of Anthoptilum grandiflorum CAS 122323; B, Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov. proximal portion of peduncle of paratype TMAG K 3878; C, Calibelemnon francei sp. nov. holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200527/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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C, 8C, 10
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3477F3FB72FCEAFADB" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477F3FB72FCEAFADB" blockId="9.[151,1437,1250,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477F3FB72FD40FB62" bold="true" box="[151,719,1250,1275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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Material examined.
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<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE6A1F3476E3FB72FDA5FB62" box="[391,554,1250,1275]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="12EEBDA1DE6A1F347551FB72FDE2FB62" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" box="[565,621,1250,1275]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">CAS</collectionCode>
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179455,
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</emphasis>
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Sta. No. ELE210-1, Bahamas—Bahama Escarpment, Eleuthera Island West,
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<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE6A1F347642FA96FE41FA87" box="[294,462,1286,1310]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" precision="1" value="25.668652">25°40.1191’ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="11CB43A3DE6A1F3476BDFA96FD02FA87" box="[473,653,1286,1310]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" precision="1" value="-76.77095">76° 46.2572’ W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F3475F3FA96FD63FA87" box="[663,748,1286,1310]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.969" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1969.0">1969 m</quantity>
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depth,
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<date id="004103A4DE6A1F347459FA96FC66FA87" box="[829,1001,1286,1310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" value="2009-03-28">28 March 2009</date>
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, coll. S.C.
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<collectingCountry id="0CE865F4DE6A1F347307FA97FB3CFA87" box="[1123,1203,1287,1310]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">France</collectingCountry>
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;
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<collectingCountry id="0CE865F4DE6A1F3473D9FA96FAABFA87" box="[1213,1316,1286,1310]" name="Bahamas" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
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Deep–Sea Coral Expedition, RV
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3476F4FABCFDD7FADA" box="[400,600,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">F.G. Walton Smith</emphasis>
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, ROV
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3475CDFABBFCD1FADA" box="[681,862,1323,1347]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Global Explorer</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3477A1FADEFD88FA4B" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477A1FADEFD88FA4B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1250,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477A1FADEFEB0FAFE" bold="true" box="[197,319,1358,1383]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Axis straight, autozooids arranged more-or-less in sub-alternate to opposite pairs along length of rachis with each pair separated by areas of bare rachis. Basal terminus of peduncle enlarged to form a plungershaped structure with a conical proximally protruding knob covering the end of the axis. No sclerites found in tissues sampled from several areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3477A1FA4EFD0CF8C7" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="description">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477A1FA4EFD0CF8C7" blockId="9.[151,1437,1250,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477A1FA4EFED9FA6E" bold="true" box="[197,342,1502,1527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Description.</emphasis>
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The damaged
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<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE6A1F347566FA4EFDEBFA6F" box="[514,612,1502,1526]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(
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<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE6A1F347511FA4EFD35FA6F" box="[629,698,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, peduncle of Anthoptilum grandiflorum CAS 122323; B, Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov. proximal portion of peduncle of paratype TMAG K 3878; C, Calibelemnon francei sp. nov. holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200527/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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C) is slender, straight, and
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F347494FA4EFBC0FA6F" box="[1008,1103,1502,1526]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="122.0">122 mm</quantity>
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long. The approximately
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F34721DFA4EFF4CF983" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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diameter rachis occupies 90% of the colony and the axis is clearly observable beneath the thin coenenchyme. There are 25 autozooids, mostly
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F34757CF9B6FDF7F9A7" box="[536,632,1574,1598]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
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long, which are arranged biserially, opposite to alternately along the rachis in pairs. Areas of bare rachis between adjacent autozooids or pairs of autozooids vary from
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F3473B9F9DAFAD2F9FB" box="[1245,1373,1610,1634]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="4.0">4 to 12 mm</quantity>
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long. The swollen and oblong basal regions of some autozooids contain several spherical ova, each approximately
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F34720FF9FEFF4CF933" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.25">0.25 mm</quantity>
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in diameter. The siphonozooids are ovoid, approximately
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F347438F902FC3BF933" box="[860,948,1682,1706]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
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long, and are arranged in two longitudinal rows along the bare areas of rachis. The peduncle represents approximately 10% of the total colony length and the proximal terminus,
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F347612F94AFE37F96B" box="[374,440,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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long by
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F347544F94AFDF1F96B" box="[544,638,1754,1778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
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wide (
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<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE6A1F3475AAF94AFC93F96B" box="[718,796,1754,1778]" captionStart="FIGURE 7. A" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[197,1389,193,1748]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. A, peduncle of Anthoptilum grandiflorum CAS 122323; B, Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov. proximal portion of peduncle of paratype TMAG K 3878; C, Calibelemnon francei sp. nov. holotype." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200527/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
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C, 8C), is structurally similar to that of the other known species of rock-inhabiting pennatulaceans. No sclerites were found in numerous samples taken throughout the colony. The opaque autozooids of the wet-preserved colony are deep chocolate brown; the rachis is dark red, the peduncle tan, and the siphonozooids brown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3477A1F8FBFE62F83F" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477A1F8FBFE62F83F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1250,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477A1F8FBFEC3F81A" bold="true" box="[197,332,1899,1923]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Etymology.</emphasis>
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We name this species for Scott C.
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<collectingCountry id="0CE865F4DE6A1F3475BDF8FBFCA7F81B" box="[729,808,1899,1922]" name="France" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">France</collectingCountry>
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, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, for his discovery and collection of the
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<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE6A1F3476E7F81EFE66F83F" box="[387,489,1934,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6A1F3677A1F822FD70FF4D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE6A1F3477A1F822FDE8F877" blockId="9.[151,1437,1250,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE6A1F3477A1F822FED1F852" bold="true" box="[197,350,1970,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Distribution.</emphasis>
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This new species is presently known only from the
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<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE6A1F3474A3F823FC78F852" box="[967,1015,1971,1995]" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">type</typeStatus>
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locality,
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<collectingCountry id="0CE865F4DE6A1F347301F822FB4EF853" box="[1125,1217,1970,1994]" name="Bahamas" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Bahama</collectingCountry>
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Escarpment in the western Atlantic,
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<quantity id="B3078881DE6A1F347639F846FE3DF877" box="[349,434,2006,2030]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.969" pageId="9" pageNumber="42" unit="m" value="1969.0">1969 m</quantity>
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depth (
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<figureCitation id="ECC439E1DE6A1F347562F846FDD5F877" box="[518,602,2006,2030]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,972,995]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,948]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,193,948]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. World map showing known geographic locations of rock-inhabiting sea pens: = Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov.; = Anthoptilum lithophilum sp. nov.; = Calibelemnon francei sp. nov.; + = Anthoptilum decipiens; * = taxa indeterminate; from specimen CAS 179456 (Hawai’i) and / or underwater images (Hawai’i and New Zealand)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200530/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="42">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="208075ECDE691F3777F3F979FB9AF887" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200527/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[197,1389,193,1748]" targetPageId="10">
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<paragraph id="74402564DE691F3777F3F979FB9AF887" blockId="10.[151,1436,1769,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3777F3F979FE9CF966" bold="true" box="[151,275,1769,1792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
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A, peduncle of
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<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F3776DFF97AFD49F899" box="[443,710,1770,1792]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="grandiflorum">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3776DFF97AFD49F899" box="[443,710,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Anthoptilum grandiflorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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CAS 122323; B,
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<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F3774E4F97AFB21F899" box="[896,1198,1770,1792]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gowlettholmesae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3774E4F97AFB21F899" box="[896,1198,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3773D2F97AFA87F966" bold="true" box="[1206,1288,1770,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE691F3773D2F97AFA87F966" box="[1206,1288,1770,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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proximal portion of peduncle of paratype TMAG K3878; C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F37751FF898FCD8F887" box="[635,855,1800,1822]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="francei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F37751FF898FCD8F887" box="[635,855,1800,1822]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Calibelemnon francei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE691F377439F899FC21F887" box="[861,942,1801,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F377439F899FC21F887" bold="true" box="[861,942,1801,1822]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE691F3677A1F8DAFD70FF4D" blockId="10.[151,1436,1866,2035]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1436,151,212]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3777A1F8DAFE43F8FA" bold="true" box="[197,460,1866,1891]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
There are three nominal species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F377406F8DBFC70F8FA" box="[866,1023,1867,1891]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F377406F8DBFC70F8FA" box="[866,1023,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Calibelemnon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F37736AF8DCFAE6F8FA" authority="Nutting, 1908" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1908" box="[1038,1385,1867,1891]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="symmetricum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F37736AF8DCFB4BF8FA" box="[1038,1220,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. symmetricum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="106E5895DE691F3773A8F8DBFAE6F8FA" author="Nutting" box="[1228,1385,1867,1891]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1908) Descriptions of the Alcyonaria collected by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries steamer Albatross in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands in 1902. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 34 (1624), 543 - 601." type="journal article" year="1908">Nutting, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE691F3777F3F8E0FF48F811" box="[151,199,1904,1928]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F37765CF8E0FCAEF81E" authority="Thomson & Henderson, 1906" authorityName="Thomson & Henderson" authorityYear="1906" box="[312,801,1903,1927]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F37765CF8E0FE3BF81E" box="[312,436,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. indicum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="106E5895DE691F3776A0F8FFFC95F81E" author="Thomson" box="[452,794,1903,1927]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. Part II. The alcyonarians of the deep sea. Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, i - xvi + 132 pp." type="book" year="1906">Thomson & Henderson, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F37743AF8E0FBF1F81E" authority="Balss, 1909" authorityName="Balss" authorityYear="1909" box="[862,1150,1903,1927]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hertwigi">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F37743AF8E0FC51F81E" box="[862,990,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. hertwigi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="106E5895DE691F377489F8FFFBFAF81E" author="Balss" box="[1005,1141,1903,1927]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" refString="Balss, H. (1909) Uber Pennatuliden des Munchener Museums, Zoologischer Anzeiger, 34, 423 - 431." type="journal article" year="1909">Balss, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of which the last is considered invalid (Williams 1995: 117).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F377522F803FCB5F832" box="[582,826,1939,1963]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="francei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F377522F803FCB5F832" box="[582,826,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Calibelemnon francei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F377427F803FC11F832" bold="true" box="[835,926,1939,1963]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE691F377427F803FC11F832" box="[835,926,1939,1963]" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from the former two of these by its remarkably small peduncle, which occupies only 10% of the total colony length compared to 30%–46% for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F3777A5F84CFEB1F86A" box="[193,318,2011,2035]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indicum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3777A5F84CFEB1F86A" box="[193,318,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. indicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and 47% for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F377686F84CFD14F86A" box="[482,667,2012,2035]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="symmetricum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F377686F84CFD14F86A" box="[482,667,2012,2035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. symmetricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE691F3774F4F84CFBC6F86A" box="[912,1097,2012,2035]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="symmetricum">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE691F3774F4F84CFBC6F86A" box="[912,1097,2012,2035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">C. symmetricum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the siphonozooids arranged in two longitudinal rows compared to them being distributed all over the rachis in that species, except for a longitudinal band along the ventral and dorsal tracks.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="208075ECDE681F3677F3F88EFB15F874" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200528/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[174,1418,280,1769]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE681F3677F3F88EFB15F874" blockId="11.[151,1437,1822,2029]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F3677F3F88EFE9CF8AD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1822,1845]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative morphology of pennatulacean peduncles: A–B, Illustrations adapted from photographs of live colonies
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F3677ACF8AFFE86F8CD" box="[200,265,1855,1876]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
(scale bars not given); A,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE681F36757AF8AEFCC1F8CD" box="[542,846,1854,1876]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gowlettholmesae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F36757AF8AEFCC1F8CD" box="[542,846,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE681F367432F8AEFC27F8CA" box="[854,936,1854,1875]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F367432F8AEFC27F8CA" bold="true" box="[854,936,1854,1875]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
adapted from image number CSIRO-11208802- SS1106-019-20330 (courtesy CSIRO); B, indeterminate taxon, Hawai’i, with a translucent sucker — representational diagram of the proximal portion of a peduncle attached to rocky substratum — dotted lines represent conjectural internal structure, a = axis, ecs = expanded coenenchymal sheath, tb = terminal bulb, adapted from image number R-119-d1-03331 (courtesy NOAA, HURL archives). C–F, Illustrations from wet-preserved material: C,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE681F36742AF828FBA4F857" box="[846,1067,1976,1998]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="francei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F36742AF828FBA4F857" box="[846,1067,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Calibelemnon francei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F367355F829FB0DF857" bold="true" box="[1073,1154,1977,1998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE681F367355F829FB0DF857" box="[1073,1154,1977,1998]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CAS 179453); D,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE681F36722EF828FECAF874" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lithophilum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F36722EF828FECAF874" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Anthoptilum lithophilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F367628F847FE12F875" bold="true" box="[332,413,2007,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE681F367628F847FE12F875" box="[332,413,2007,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(CAS 179453); E,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE681F367505F847FC00F874" box="[609,911,2007,2029]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gowlettholmesae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F367505F847FC00F874" box="[609,911,2007,2029]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE681F3674F1F847FC69F875" bold="true" box="[917,998,2007,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE681F3674F1F847FC69F875" box="[917,998,2007,2028]" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(TMAG K3876).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="208075ECDE6F1F3177F3FAD6FD76FAE2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/200529/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[251,1336,208,1319]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE6F1F3177F3FAD6FD76FAE2" blockId="12.[151,1436,1350,1403]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F3177F3FAD6FE9CFAC5" bold="true" box="[151,275,1350,1373]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||
Bathymetric map of the southern Tasmanian region showing collection stations for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE6F1F317309FAD7FA13FAC4" box="[1133,1436,1351,1373]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gowlettholmesae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F317309FAD7FA13FAC4" box="[1133,1436,1351,1373]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F3177F3FAF6FF68FAE2" bold="true" box="[151,231,1382,1403]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE6F1F3177F3FAF6FF68FAE2" box="[151,231,1382,1403]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Adapted from Commonwealth of Australia, 2005).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3CE576EFDE6F1F3177A1FA38FF41F901" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="74402564DE6F1F3177A1FA38FF41F901" blockId="12.[151,1437,1447,1688]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F3177A1FA38FEB6FA59" bold="true" box="[197,313,1448,1472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AB449BC6DE6F1F317617FA37FE5AFA26" box="[371,469,1447,1471]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is the only known specimen of this species and does seem to have two characteristics that agree with the definition of the genus—more-or-less biserial polyps and bare regions of rachis between polyp pairs. However, since there are no other specimens for comparison at this point, it is possible these features may be at least partially due to specimen damage and/or poor preservation. If undamaged material is found that conforms to the description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE6F1F317618F9A8FDE0F9C9" box="[380,623,1592,1616]" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="francei" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F317618F9A8FDE0F9C9" box="[380,623,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Calibelemnon francei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F317511F9A8FD41F9C9" bold="true" box="[629,718,1592,1616]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5DB8440DDE6F1F317511F9A8FD41F9C9" box="[629,718,1592,1616]" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, specialists may eventually agree that all known rock-inhabiting sea pens should be allocated to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE6F1F317693F9CCFD0EF9ED" box="[503,641,1628,1652]" class="Anthozoa" family="Anthoptilidae" genus="Anthoptilum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F317693F9CCFD0EF9ED" box="[503,641,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">Anthoptilum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. But without further evidence we assign the new species to
|
||
<emphasis id="468BF976DE6F1F31727BF9CCFF41F901" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B3FF5EE7DE6F1F31727BF9CCFF4BF901" class="Anthozoa" family="Scleroptilidae" genus="Calibelemnon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="12" pageNumber="45" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Calibelemnon</taxonomicName>
|
||
..
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |