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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-PMC="PMC9633978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-PubMed="36479134" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. &amp; Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller 1993" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732486004380" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2B0F304487E5896A16F1F86CBDA6434C">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="024EAD74AB682B3E625C351A992342BD">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="81BEEC83BD6C9E6BFA0D23E712C687BB">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E6AD99BAEA66339184E9BC02DA28637F" type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D44CC0D53D3AC043BCB78B719F4BB870">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CBC8CAD6F3AEBC8AB5843B59F4351724">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil &amp; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="B112045D71AE4322AB31DA20D72ACE48">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1DE07F391A96FC550B29F365B47CE6C4">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="75F20557B3480176CACA7FE26C3673D7">Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1DFE08999087C130F719E391FD40D94D">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FEB444AFF1B1F6A28196071B857F8C2F">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="229ED0C85C772882F0FB9594C6AB32A2">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="0D25366AAFB2A479D1E172D13AC8348E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8517B49ABBA358AD540F924376CE90A8">1066</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189600045" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Stenocyathidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Sphenotrochus">
<subSubSection id="ACE3582AA196B4D45385ABE32D27FB7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="34E14C76A11E22A6FDB87EDAD0DBF0B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="C4EA8A7C93F0D872FFF76103CDB0BA94" ID-CoL="4YY5S" authority="Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller, 1993" authorityName="Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imbricaticostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller, 1993</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A65E4933B7C10E69FBF2DE27099E00E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="3E56B7B4375DFFE19786A57B08DBB5F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="DE5B8F329953383DFDA3338EAA5BC4A3" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. A, B Cyathotrochus pileus (SAMC _ A 087424, off Durban, 270 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Deltocyathoides orientalis (BIVa 2, locality unknown, 80) C calicular view D basal view E, F Deltocyathoides sentus (USNM 91551, off Shaka's Rock, 300 m) G, H Sphenotrochus (Eusthenotrochus) gilchristi (SAMC _ A 090086, off Cape Point, 24 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, J Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) aurantiacus (SAM _ H 1416, off the Agulhas, 366 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, L Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) evexicostatus (SAMC _ A 090085, locality data unknown, 43 m) K calicular view L lateral view M, N Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus (USNM 91715 _ Holotype, off Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary, 44 m) K calicular view L lateral view O, P Tropidocyathus lessonii (SAMC _ A 073218, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m) O calicular view P lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, J-M, O-P); 2 mm (I, N)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604118" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 15M, N</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BDAB382AC06A5A02A95199A4A3F4A6DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="12046F6228FD1C8D137045AC2A718668" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="6714CA29FDD12168A670F0D0A75D8902" authorityName="von Marenzeller" authorityYear="1904" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus aurantiacus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Sphenotrochus aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation id="14AF8822E985FD8C2F1D50C2B94D57F0" author="Boshoff, P" journalOrPublisher="Investigational Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 45" refId="B21" refString="Boshoff, P, 1981. An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban. Investigational Report 49: 1 - 45" title="An annotated checklist of southern African Scleractinia. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban." volume="49" year="1981">Boshoff 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 38-39 (in part).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C1D8F77394C0FE02C277F7F1F80CA57A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="91D5E453BADE16FEA4AEA7292CC9F5A7" authorityName="Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imbricaticostatus" subGenus="Sphenotrochus">Sphenotrochus (Sphenotrochus) imbricaticostatus</taxonomicName>
Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller, 1993: 258-259, fig. 9A-H.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FCC78A82935D5993F01B4D538B66E37F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="D2C949FFBA46755816BBFCDBF59C4461" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F02C794B7D42DC66651F4C8FCF364C22" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off Kosi Bay, South Africa (RV 'Meiring
<normalizedToken id="DA496BB2889AD5DCE66EDD6100550521" originalValue="Naude">Naude'</normalizedToken>
stn. ZB27:
<geoCoordinate id="81AFF2A5ABEBE1C791A1110E92F0AA89" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-27.05">27°03'00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="09018B57ED3E73FFA797DC7D7FD3DBC2" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="32.883335">32°53'00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
); 44 m (
<bibRefCitation id="194FBF7ADEBBFF5A1C02B65CA3957A8D" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3B07DC53490858533ABDEEB59F94454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="55BA51A2AF0A4D2A02C9A87AC1CA0E0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3AA7263E4FB6FDA5FCDF46299D243449" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The holotype and eight paratypes are deposited at the NMNH, whilst one paratype is deposited at the SAM (
<bibRefCitation id="E9ECB876C5CFC2D64E350EDDC34B5C35" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="24CD6423E03B7B75B021079E39888CCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="AFA53D5E8FC41A3A3498564EFE510F24" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="326E6490A27FAF0D423348CEF66B5D48" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="FF9C646A7148FEB0ADC5D5F629C7D3E7" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Elsies Estuary" elevation="24" latitude="-34.166664" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.458332" municipality="Cape Point" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A090084 (
<specimenCount id="4C153CDE68E098E85B8C4AF0B69241DD" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location id="3D6038642E2EB720A8E3C0680429E63D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:3D6038642E2EB720A8E3C0680429E63D" county="Elsies Estuary" latitude="-34.166664" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="18.458332" municipality="Cape Point" name="Southern">Southern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="EE57DB762387DAF74329FDC07E951E9E" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="B85FA37F90C84625238E494254840F74">Cape Point</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="C93E466FB9B3B8383C42E9A69B0E3ACA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty id="EB117E8313C1C2A8AE321DE119DD4A82">Elsies Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="188F25CE79CCAC47AD035C46746A1A06" degrees="34" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="-34.166664">34°09'59.99&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B5EFF447092D91B44907194898B8E619" degrees="18" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="29.99" value="18.458332">18°27'29.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount id="3F962CFF5AFBE4750B6A59C3863D8100" type="generic">
<quantity id="5EC7009247B680D1B9BC2B64A29369C1" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="24.0">
<elevation id="1AC0E9BED09357CECBE0B93E163161E7" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
SAMC_A090085 (in part:
<specimenCount id="4F050B8F090B0D38CF2D8D6C6F761D6E" type="generic">12 specimen</specimenCount>
): Locality data unknown;
<specimenCount id="A469D75CB67CFC7EE4EFC3364E6D8F59" type="generic">
<quantity id="75F9E8054F39F681C9B08FE03EC4EC5E" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="43.0">43 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
<materialsCitation id="29936CF5F1917980D468773166C93358" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Bira Estuary" elevation="80" latitude="-33.49" location="Southern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.383331" municipality="Kidds Beach" specimenCount="2">
SAM_H3203 (in part:
<specimenCount id="9B3153A79304906AA44F4363C4F0A8E5" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
):
<location id="6307DEF108B49129D1DD554AC038E7D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:6307DEF108B49129D1DD554AC038E7D1" county="Bira Estuary" latitude="-33.49" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.383331" municipality="Kidds Beach" name="Southern">Southern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="67C0C2578BA0D0C8341E6B862C8CD3BF" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="D39764BECDE06A1C8354E5A0F910F86B">Kidds Beach</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="2AFD84ACC6B28153F28C8C6CED115E33" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty id="CDCE35E56FA02893752A749F4E11BB2E">Bira Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="93CCAFDA8B42B05CD095802E5E7FEADB" degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-33.49">33°29'24.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EFA66219D3A31A7F9BB00A3E4E69C798" degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="27.383331">27°22'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount id="54B01FFFEEF3AFF62EA15A2EBDC48494" type="generic">
<quantity id="54FCBDDC28C2D63BD4877644AC31B0AD" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">
<elevation id="165967F0677DF4A0AAB9C78BB19CBCAC" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="8192C345AA86C869B0EA054814ACD846" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="Estuary" county="Kosi-Kumpungwini" elevation="42" latitude="-24.8" location="Eastern" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="2F0231CC7FB9B09C899628E3695BC73F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
SAM_H4586 (
<specimenCount id="243200B3E4F314517409DCA61F49DA23" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">2 paratypes</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
:
<location id="5244769D245BEE2DDC005287CEB6E02A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:5244769D245BEE2DDC005287CEB6E02A" county="Kosi-Kumpungwini" latitude="-24.8" municipality="Ponta Do Ouro" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="71947E48FB3A0A1B6DDC0CF2B5F73AED" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
south of
<collectingMunicipality id="C4F6C6D5A3C0811349D0EBEED5953B58">Ponta Do Ouro</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="83631D52237B103F6CA9DACAD7A4F6B7" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty id="AE95CB781163BBDE87D02E58638536C0">Kosi-Kumpungwini</collectingCounty>
(Sifungwe)
<collectorName id="4D8638C6F35DF339F8F9FF5C53DDF590">Estuary</collectorName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4AD3DE21327103E2FC6AB361BA9F594E" degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-24.8">24°48'00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 34°59.00&quot;E;
<specimenCount id="2DAAB0478DBC82605E24C6D040931ECC" type="generic">
<quantity id="51E988A69373B16E5E9EEFE334499CC2" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="m" value="42.0">
<elevation id="B245DF7C2CAA3182769E6F0EC849B245" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" unit="m" value="42.0">42 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="A0FC810BCD900629CC5D17E9E8B833C1" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Estuary" elevation="44" latitude="-27.059" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.883327" municipality="Kosi-Kumpungwini" specimenCount="44" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="0BE3A44DAA6C0D211CA6F03C334C59B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
USNM-91715 (
<typeStatus id="93FCA06A57DFE321570EA31F3018B19B">holotype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:
<location id="39E4655BB328AD422D7787AD0FA6ECE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:39E4655BB328AD422D7787AD0FA6ECE4" county="Estuary" latitude="-27.059" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.883327" municipality="Kosi-Kumpungwini" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="68745DCA8C615C14BE06EFF8680ADC31" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="km" value="23.0">23 km</quantity>
south of
<location id="47CA2B102FF71C185E51915787857615" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:47CA2B102FF71C185E51915787857615" county="Estuary" latitude="-27.059" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.883327" municipality="Kosi-Kumpungwini" name="Ponta Do Ouro">Ponta Do Ouro</location>
/
<quantity id="4E1EEAA9D79860BED87044AE50889BD8" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
off
<collectingMunicipality id="12FB19C0CA973B35542E634C72B8E080">Kosi-Kumpungwini</collectingMunicipality>
(Sifungwe)
<collectingCounty id="7CEEAB5C07EC9D7139104A4299E2AD18">Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9415D3215B1C44F5279CCEE9E3E7A75C" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="32.40" value="-27.059">27°03'32.40&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ACC7B9FD59F0FCC161D07733F2BB18D6" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="32.883327">32°52'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount id="372A6EA219870558AA1380FC2F59CFE9" type="generic">
<quantity id="8C4C56020850B249C21E925F74074E81" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" unit="m" value="44.0">
<elevation id="805293516EEF284F5735FFD3380FE299" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" unit="m" value="44.0">44 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="D4B7EAFF3F904C452B5523092486F9E9" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" county="Zinkwasi Estuary" elevation="57" latitude="-29.35" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.583332" municipality="Shaka's Rock" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="5DD9B7A84CA9CEA2A687B7B09FF70ED3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
USNM-91717 (
<specimenCount id="BAA6A6E71A4619B39D00824E786E4985" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">2 paratypes</specimenCount>
)
</emphasis>
:
<location id="235EB9ECD37EE5EEE9B7D1E6868ACB9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B1521CC3BDCB575D2A1BD2E2CB52E4E8:235EB9ECD37EE5EEE9B7D1E6868ACB9D" county="Zinkwasi Estuary" latitude="-29.35" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="31.583332" municipality="Shaka's Rock" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="8E779CF970C2272412827DAFCC476E05" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="4AC41BD0042D6ECFBADA9C21546E720C">
<normalizedToken id="99032B350CB98CCDB5530C2B1A9DD879" originalValue="Shakas">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
Rock
</collectingMunicipality>
/
<quantity id="4330C733B428A77C97718878AD3942F2" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
off
<collectingCounty id="FF8FB1469A7D66EFC480CECB18459627">Zinkwasi Estuary</collectingCounty>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E84E6AA7FAE1B9C97A81E34E408BE62D" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-29.35">29°21'00.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3DEF61CEC0676D7B2E011B741408096F" degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="31.583332">31°34'59.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount id="BAB5712EE0F99E184782F6DAEFA6945B" type="generic">
<quantity id="AB95AF33C661AA5485E34CF29AF438F6" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" unit="m" value="57.0">
<elevation id="7358C3FBD2649943744F2E1C23802521" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" unit="m" value="57.0">57 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7FAAADDBD93993650833748EDD2235C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="EBC0321875C846BCFA2075418B6F6254" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C09E480C30D6172C450658DF9D646447" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum cuneiform, with highly compressed faces in lower corallum. Upper corallum highly flared, producing a rectangular-like side view. Base slightly rounded. Calice elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.4-2.8). Largest specimen examined (USNM-91717) 3.7
<normalizedToken id="1F7A64E073A3500BD819FC656A6267CD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5 in CD, and 6.7 mm in H. Costae smooth, flat, unequally in width, and ridged. In some specimens 12-14 costae overreach base and meet counterparts from opposite side. Pairs of C4 occur in each half-system adjacent to two S1 (32 costae), but S4 does not correspond to C4. Intercostal striae narrow, being slightly wider than costae. Corallum light brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3DD451A75AF558E7737819BE5D134AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in three cycles according to the formula: S1-2&gt; S3 (24 septa). S1-2 moderately exsert, equal in width, and extending 4/5 distance to columella with thickened and vertical axial margins. S3 equally exsert, but
<normalizedToken id="579E69C6FD89D42E627EE41860FFC2F0" originalValue="¾">3/4</normalizedToken>
the width of S1-2. S3 axial margin narrow, straight to sinuous. Columella composed of a sharp-edged lamella that rises as high as septa. Columella and all septal faces covered by slender spines, giving them a rough appearance.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CF5482B6A4557CCB36E1F3652CEC87AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D7BA97ACFF191010EBBC784EC19E1A21" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BCA90A691F0D6DE7C79C8C5D7DB78A5E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Regional: Southern and Eastern margin of South Africa, off Cape Point extending towards Kosi-Kumpungwini (Sifungwe) Estuary (23 km south of Ponta Do Ouro: Mozambique); 24-80 m. Elsewhere: south-eastern Mozambique (
<bibRefCitation id="6178EF494C4E3186BB2480F220BE67C6" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
); 37-347 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3AC9203EE69E1D2ACCB7806F03A6E91" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A0E73DBFC87A5BD0F9F5CFDBBFA837C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43B27374DBB59C92E2DB57ECDD85FF95" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="0B76628E9A744CDE036C302CE6158637" authorityName="Cairns in Cairns &amp; Keller" authorityYear="1993" class="Anthozoa" family="Turbinoliidae" genus="Sphenotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sphenotrochus (S.) imbricaticostatus" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="imbricaticostatus" subGenus="S.">Sphenotrochus (S.) imbricaticostatus</taxonomicName>
differs from the two other South African species in the subgenus (
<taxonomicName id="0473DA8A45894FD447A1448502DD58B1" lsidName="S. evexicostatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="evexicostatus">
<emphasis id="FFB88330EEF6BCB5C7681EA5D0B464CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. evexicostatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="374D726CD5F36A2D7C79F96EB7099ABA" lsidName="S. aurantiacus" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">
<emphasis id="BD9B9E016B1A81F59CBC18E15C3EE91B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. aurantiacus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) by its compressed rectangular cuneiform corallum and wide, flat, imbricate costae, which alternates in width and imbricate with edges of adjacent costae (
<bibRefCitation id="05B1369579E90FDB48B067DA870A360E" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>