202 lines
18 KiB
XML
202 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" ID-GBIF-Dataset="44420001-28a0-4c06-b87e-3a4621d00270" ID-PMC="PMC3118779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-99-1" ID-PubMed="21738435" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-99-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 99" ModsDocTitle="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region" checkinTime="1451250430027" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crews, Sarah C. & Harvey, Mark S." docDate="2011" docId="80F36EE20C5DE9AAA353FF6AD599F321" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 99: 1-103" docOrigin="ZooKeys 99" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723" docTitle="Karaops vadlaadambara Crews & Harvey, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="FFCF164DFFC1FFB8FFE86B62FFD3934E" masterDocTitle="The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1668169852460" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The spider family Selenopidae (Arachnida, Araneae) in Australasia and the Oriental Region</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crews, Sarah C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Harvey, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>99</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99.723</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-99-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365287" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4E75A903-27CF-4809-8724-0055055D19B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/80F36EE20C5DE9AAA353FF6AD599F321" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4E75A903-27CF-4809-8724-0055055D19B3" class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops vadlaadambara" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadlaadambara">Karaops vadlaadambara</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="45" pageNumber="46">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 51-54Map 9
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Holotype male (SAM N199353): Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.45">30°27'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="139.03334">139°02'E</geoCoordinate>
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, South Australia, Australia, 4.V.1989, D. Hirst. Paratypes: same data as holotype, 1♀ (SAM N199354).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="other material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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AUSTRALIA: South Australia: same data as holotype, 1 immature (SAM N199355); Gammon Ranges National Park, West of Arcoona Bluff [
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.416666">30°25'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="138.98334">138°59'E</geoCoordinate>
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], 3.V.1989, D. Hirst, 1♂ (SAM N199358); Gammon Ranges National Park, near Sambot Waterhole, Arcoona Creek,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.45">30°27'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="139.03334">139°02'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4.V.1989, D.C. Lee, 2♀ (SAM N199351-2); Gammon Ranges National Park, near Sambot Waterhole, Arcoona Creek,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.45">30°27'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="139.03334">139°02'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 4.V.1989, D. Hirst, 2♀ (SAM N199360-1); Mount Serle Station, 0.4 km northwest Mount Cline,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-30.348333">30°20'54"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="138.77805">138°46'41"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 16-27.XI.1998, Flinders Range survey, pitfalls, 1♂ (SAM NN20978); Wilpena Pound, Wilpena Creek,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-31.5">31°30'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="138.6">138°36'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 24.IV.1987, D. Hirst, 1♀, 1 immature (SAM N199349).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">The specific name comes from the Adnyamathanha words vadla, meaning flat, and adambara, meaning spider, in the language of the indigenous Adnyamathanha people of the region of the type locality. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Males can be differentiated from all other species by having a portion of the conductor behind the MA, and the conductor being sclerotized terminally. Additionally, the embolus is short and hook shaped, and in the center of the bulb rather than the lateral edge (Fig. 51). Females can be separated from other species by a quadrangular medium septum and well-separated, round spermathecae and short copulatory ducts (Figs 53-54).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Figures 51-58. Copulatory organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops vadlaadambara" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadlaadambara">Karaops vadlaadambara</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male holotype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199353) (51-52), female paratype from Arcoona Creek, near Sambot Waterhole, Gammon Ranges National Park, South Australia, Australia (SAM N199354) (53-54), and
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops pilkingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">Karaops pilkingtoni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., male holotype from Trig Hill, Old Telegraph Station, Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (WAM T76590) (55-56), female paratype from Alice Springs, Northern Territory, Australia (SAM N199359) (57-58), 51, 55 male pedipalp, ventral view 52, 56 male pedipalp, retrolateral view 53, 57 epigyne, ventral view 54, 58 spermathecae, dorsal view. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
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Male (holotype):Color: carapace yellow-brown, with slightly darker marks medially; sternum pale yellow-brown; chelicerae pale yellow with darker infuscations anteriorly; maxillae pale yellow-brown; labium pale yellow-brown; abdomen dors
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<pageBreakToken pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">ally</pageBreakToken>
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yellow-brown with red-brown markings; ventrally pale yellow-brown; legs with femora, patellae and tibiae I-IV clearly annulated, yellow-brown, darkening distally; annulations not entirely encircling legs. Cephalothorax:setae short, stout and rodlike; 0.88 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, very shallow. Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye group width 1.25; eye diameters, AME 0.15, ALE 0.09, PME 0.18, PLE 0.27; interdistances AME-ALE 0.23, PME-PLE 0.20, ALE-PLE 0.16, AME-PME 0.04; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.38, PME-PME 0.69; clypeus 0.12 high. Mouthparts: chelicerae with a few stout setae
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<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">medially</pageBreakToken>
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and anteriorly; lateral boss present, smooth; promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 2 teeth; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum:0.87 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Pedipalp:femur, spination dorsal 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; retrolateral tibial apophysis with 2 processes, dorsal process small and directed laterally, ventral process slightly larger, dilated at tip; retrolateral basal cymbial process present; cymbial scopulae absent, cymbium oval and angled bottom right. Conductor large, pointed at tip, tip well-sclerotized; embolus very long and slender, wide at base and tapering, to abruptly tapering midway, hook-like, going up center of palpal bulb, beginning at 6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
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, terminating at 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
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; MA large with two processes (Figs 51-52). Legs:leg I much shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 3421; scopulae absent on all legs; tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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with strong claw tufts; claws without teeth; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti d 0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–2–">-2-2-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Ti and Mt I and II with strong spines; leg II, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–2–">-2-2-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; leg III, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti 0; Mt 0; leg IV, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti 0; Mt 0. Abdomen:terminal setal tufts present. Dimensions: Total length 4.68. Cephalothorax length 2.34, width 2.65. Sternum length 1.25, width 1.44. Abdomen length 2.40, width 2.19. Pedipalp: Fm 0.70, Pt 0.45, Ti 0.41, Ta 0.75, (total) 2.31. Leg I: Fm 3.12, Pt 1.19, Ti 2.75, Mt 2.34, Ta 1.16, (total) 10.56. Leg II: Fm 4.00, Pt 1.29, Ti 3.24, Mt 2.84, Ta 1.31, (total) 12.68. Leg III: Fm 4.37, Pt 1.17, Ti 3.48, Mt 3.07, Ta 1.27, (total) 13.36. Leg IV: Fm 4.20, Pt 1.06, Ti 3.32, Mt 3.04, Ta 1.28, (total) 12.90.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
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Female (paratype):Color: carapace yellow-brown, with slightly darker marks medially; sternum pale yellow-brown; chelicerae pale yellow with darker infuscations anteriorly; maxillae pale yellow-brown; labium pale yellow-brown; abdomen dorsally yellow-brown with red-brown markings; ventrally pale yellow-brown; legs with segments clearly annulated, but annulations do not completely encircle femorae, legs darkening distally at tibiae; annulations lighter in centers giving a 'leopard
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<normalizedToken originalValue="spot’">spot'</normalizedToken>
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appearance. Cephalothorax:setae short, stout, rodlike; 0.89 times longer than broad; fovea longitudinal, broad, very shallow. Eyes:AER slightly recurved; PER recurved; PME larger than AME, PLE largest, ALE smallest; eye group width 1.56; eye diameters, AME 0.14, ALE 0.10, PME 0.20, PLE 0.28; interdistances AME-ALE 0.30, PME-PLE 0.28, ALE-PLE 0.19, AME-PME 0.06; ocular quadrangle AME-AME 0.46, PME-PME 0.85; clypeus 0.13 high. Mouthparts: chelicerae with a few stout setae medially and anteriorly; lateral boss present, smooth; promargin with 3 teeth, retromargin with 2 teeth; maxillae longer than broad, with tuft of conspicuous setae distally; labium distally rounded. Sternum: 0.88 times longer than broad, posteriorly indented. Pedipalp:tarsus slightly swollen, claw present with c. 6 teeth. Legs:leg I only slightly shorter than legs II, III and IV; leg formula 3241; scopulae absent on all legs; tarsus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–IV">I-IV</normalizedToken>
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with strong claw tufts; claws without teeth; spination: leg I, Fm pr 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti d 0, v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–2–">-2-2-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Ti and Mt I and II with strong spines; leg II, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–2–2–">-2-2-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; Mt v 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–2–">-2-</normalizedToken>
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2; leg III, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1; Ti 0; Mt 0; leg IV, Fm pr 0, d 1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–1–">-1-</normalizedToken>
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1, rl 0; Ti 0; Mt 0. Abdomen:possible setal tufts (hairs worn off). Epigyne:lateral lobes surrounding a quadrate to keyhole shaped median area, copulatory openings located anterolaterally, epigynal pockets absent; internally, short copulatory ducts lead to round spermathecae, fertilization ducts located
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<pageBreakToken pageId="48" pageNumber="49" start="start">posteriorly</pageBreakToken>
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, posterodorsal fold absent (Figs 53-54). Dimensions: Total length 5.51. Cephalothorax length 2.92, width 3.28. Sternum length 1.47, width 1.68. Abdomen length 2.86, width 2.77. Pedipalp: Fm 0.92, Pt 0.51, Ti 0.66, Ta 1.18, (total) 3.27. Leg I: Fm 2.86, Pt 1.36, Ti 2.54, Mt 1.39, Ta 1.00, (total) 9.15. Leg II: Fm 4.08, Pt 1.45, Ti 2.86, Mt 2.47, Ta 1.09, (total) 11.95. Leg III: Fm 4.20, Pt 1.37, Ti 3.07, Mt 2.68, Ta 1.10, (total) 12.42. Leg IV: Fm 3.96, Pt 1.19, Ti 3.02, Mt 2.67, Ta 1.07, (total) 11.91.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Collected at night.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Known from throughout the Gammon and Flinders Ranges in South Australia (Map 9).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Map 9. Central Australia (inset) showing the distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Karaops</taxonomicName>
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gen. n.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops pilkingtoni" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilkingtoni">Karaops pilkingtoni</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.<br/> (white square),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops ngarutjaranya" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ngarutjaranya">Karaops ngarutjaranya</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (white circles),
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops deserticola" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deserticola">Karaops deserticola</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (white star).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<paragraph pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Map 10. Southern central Australia (inset) showing the distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Selenopidae" genus="Karaops" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Karaops vadlaadambara" order="Araneae" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vadlaadambara">Karaops vadlaadambara</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. (black circles).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |