141 lines
16 KiB
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141 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.611.9058" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ded1c4ec-7600-49bf-8f39-d20eb6b00849" ID-PMC="PMC4992807" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-611-57" ID-PubMed="27594799" ID-ZBK="91F749DA0AFE41C69B4D626B147EA0DA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-611-57" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 611" ModsDocTitle="Revisions of the genera Lurama Schaus, 1928 and Ulmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of three new Ulmara species and a new genus" checkinTime="1471317591627" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="St. Laurent, Ryan A." docDate="2016" docId="749105F570F80CA8869F72E79178BD78" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 611: 57-92" docOrigin="ZooKeys 611" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.611.9058" docTitle="Ulmara azurula St Laurent, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="3B1C65B5-CDC0-4628-9C32-0C8289587A45" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="180EFFC04F09FFB5FFAEFF9DA6627021" masterDocTitle="Revisions of the genera Lurama Schaus, 1928 and Ulmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of three new Ulmara species and a new genus" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="78" updateTime="1668163429241" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revisions of the genera Lurama Schaus, 1928 and Ulmara Schaus, 1928 (Lepidoptera, Mimallonoidea, Mimallonidae) with the descriptions of three new Ulmara species and a new genus</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>St. Laurent, Ryan A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>611</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>57</mods:start>
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<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.611.9058</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.611.9058</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-611-57</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">91F749DA0AFE41C69B4D626B147EA0DA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">91F749DA0AFE41C69B4D626B147EA0DA</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127862672" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3B1C65B5-CDC0-4628-9C32-0C8289587A45" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/749105F570F80CA8869F72E79178BD78" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Mimallonidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3B1C65B5-CDC0-4628-9C32-0C8289587A45" authority="St Laurent" class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula St Laurent</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="21" pageNumber="78">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 20, 26; Map 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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Holotype, ♂. PERU:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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: Carpish, Huanuco [
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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], Peru 2700 m, Oct. 25, 1946/ Felix Woytkowski Collector/ St Laurent diss.: 4-8-16:2/ HOLOTYPE ♂
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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St Laurent, 2016 [handwritten red label] (AMNH).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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Paratypes, 4 ♂. PERU:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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: Carpish, 2700 m: 8.X.1946 (2 ♂), 14.X.1946 (1 ♂), 26.X.1946 (1 ♂), Felix Woytkowski Collector, St Laurent diss.: 4-5-16:5 (AMNH). - All paratypes with the following yellow label: PARATYPE ♂
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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St Laurent, 2016.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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is the smallest species in the genus (on average), and so far the only species known from central Peru. The small size and distribution should allow this species to be distinguished from the previous two. The following characters differentiate
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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from the most similar species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. to be described below, but also differentiate it from both
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara rotunda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotunda">Ulmara rotunda</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara conjuncta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjuncta">Ulmara conjuncta</taxonomicName>
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. Although
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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is externally similar in size and coloration to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., namely by the metallic bluish sheen, in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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, the postmedial line of the fore and hindwings is located closer to the wing margin than in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Furthermore, the width of the splayed, setae-covered sclerotizations of VIII are much wider than the vinculum, whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. these sclerotizations are highly reduced overall, and have shorter setae. Additionally, the gnathos of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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is the most reduced of the entire genus, and exists as only weakly-sclerotized lateral bars, whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. the gnathos nearly converges mesally. The setae-covered flaps projecting inward from the transtilla in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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bear thicker setae than in any other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ulmara</taxonomicName>
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. Finally, the phallus shape is perhaps the best genital character for distinguishing these two Peruvian species: in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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the phallus is uniformly cylindrical from a dorsal perspective, whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. the phallus is very wide distally.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Male.Head: As for genus. Thorax: As for genus. Legs: As for genus. Forewing dorsum: Forewing length: 17.5-19 mm, avg.: 18.1 mm, wingspan: 35-36 mm (approximate), n= 5. As for genus but ground color nearly black, overall metallic-blue sheen present due to angled, reflective scales. Postmedial line about one-fourth wing length away from wing margin, postmedial line obvious due to pale blue-gray suffusion surrounding line, postmedial line nearly straight between Rs4 and costa. Forewing ventrum: As for genus. Hindwing dorsum: Coloration as for forewing dorsum, antemedial line absent, discal mark absent, outer margin of wing weakly serrate. Hindwing ventrum: As for genus. Abdomen: As for genus. Genitalia: (Fig. 26) n=2. Vinculum somewhat box-like, ventrally with reduced saccus, bilobed saccus attached to VIII, forming paired, setae-covered sclerotizations; splayed sclerotizations wider than ventral margin of vinculum. Uncus simple, highly truncated apically with wide base. Gnathos highly reduced, with only weakly sclerotized lateral arms. Valves small, subtriangular, with single tooth projecting from saccular edge near apex of valve, tooth variable in length. Transtilla with weakly-sclerotized, inward-facing setae-covered extensions; setae very thick. Setae pointed outward directly over phallus. Diaphragm forms small balloon-like sac expanded inward into abdomen, sac covered in fine, inward-facing setae surrounding phallus. Juxta partially fused to phallus, encircling it, lightly sclerotized, especially dorsal to phallus. Phallus short, anterior half cylindrical, straight, ventral apex heavily sclerotized as elongated, sharp point, vesica small, sac-like, weakly scobinate; base of phallus narrower than apical half, basal part shorter than, and in same plane, as cylindrical terminal part. Female. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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(Map 2). This new species is known only from the type locality in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
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, central Peru, at an elevation of 2700 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">This species is named for its small size (diminutive -ula Latin) and blue (azurea Latin) iridescence.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="78" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="78">
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Although the known range of this species is located between the distributions of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara conjuncta" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="conjuncta">Ulmara conjuncta</taxonomicName>
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in Ecuador and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. in southern Peru,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara azurula" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="azurula">Ulmara azurula</taxonomicName>
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is not intermediate in external or genital morphology between these species, but is instead more similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. than either previously described species. Considering the consistently smaller size, almost entirely absent gnathos, narrower phallus, and more elongated saccular extensions relative to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., as well as previously mentioned wing characters, this species is apparently distinct from the southern Peruvian populations named
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara dombroskiei" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dombroskiei">Ulmara dombroskiei</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. below. The iridescent blue sheen, characteristic of the genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Mimallonidae" genus="Ulmara" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ulmara" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ulmara</taxonomicName>
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, is most distinct in the Peruvian species, but is not clearly reproduced in photographs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |