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<document id="F359A75BE72A9C4EDCF5290A43A3534F" ID-CLB-Dataset="9026" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="af129ee5-c45e-4f33-bdfc-4c14402580e4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4416251" ID-ZooBank="C012766D-090F-491D-85CB-2A7BB388E885" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609798048194" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kumar, P. Girish, Sheela, S. &amp; Sharma, Gaurav" docDate="2020" docId="3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4861.2.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4861 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Alysson himachalensis Girish Kumar 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="274" masterDocId="C45CFFF7FF2AC125FFE2FFF9A3795A04" masterDocTitle="Additions to the knowledge of the Tribe Alyssontini (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae Bembicinae) in India with description of two new species of the genus Alysson Panzer" masterLastPageNumber="280" masterPageNumber="270" pageNumber="273" updateTime="1698852165905" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="8DC7E23A8DF6C4C7BA487E50D1F405EB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="76085FDDFADD5DF24D16067CC135FC08">Additions to the knowledge of the Tribe Alyssontini (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae Bembicinae) in India with description of two new species of the genus Alysson Panzer</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E9F987CBC6E7F6213AB32E8F6F7165F7" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6275C7535ADC3A95348360F12DD43EF2">Kumar, P. Girish</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D7F1A6FC6D821D5ABDB4AA6DC477223F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2121-0165</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1EE35F9C2AF46BE70416352310F43526">Western Ghats Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673006, India. kpgiris @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2121 - 0165</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D10A0AB9FA217962F09979E218A46820" type="email">kpgiris@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A81ADDB6A80C66BCFBCFB1F81F511918" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0B146A068078EC7C8DC810804CC5A8AB">Sheela, S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="709757998D9124A9404ED072B1A70FAE">Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal- 700053, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3451C9DA3C141D06107C434C818ADB80">Sharma, Gaurav</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5638667080F09FAED3E9633ADA9CEE5F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2644-8797</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9650B8C89ACB4BAA3D2129802EDA7438">Northern Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, 218, Kaulagarh Road, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand- 248195, India. drgaurav. sharma @ gov. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2644 - 8797</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="35D592EA3BA27D804764BAC67F73CA52" type="email">drgaurav.sharma@gov.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="EE5ABE59ED1CC94AB4907BCC739C6F50">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FCA32B6C127253BEA71FF5DAF6469EA0">
<mods:date id="81CA15BE9234A7C99A2387E56E0C6EBA">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FC980F06DC73335B3D567AC419EF70DC">2020-10-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6AA8B783C03CD8B716D0053E95637EB0">4861</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="30EBE5090521AB3F671CC15C20604ABE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="DC5B48116384CB07A7317AD4155008FC" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4861.2.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4427102" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176440749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4427102" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF29C126FF75F987A1B65C9D" box="[151,719,1662,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF29C126FF75F987A1B65C9D" blockId="3.[151,999,1662,1761]" box="[151,719,1662,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<heading id="EB3B81F5FF29C126FF75F987A1B65C9D" bold="true" box="[151,719,1662,1689]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" reason="1">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FF75F987A1B65C9D" bold="true" box="[151,719,1662,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF29C126FF75F987A11D5C9D" authority="Girish Kumar" authorityName="Girish Kumar" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,612,1662,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himachalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FF75F987A2D25C9D" bold="true" box="[151,427,1662,1689]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Alysson himachalensis</emphasis>
Girish Kumar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="998B57F0FF29C126FD93F986A1B65C9D" box="[625,719,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF29C126FF75F95AA09E5CE5" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="description">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF29C126FF75F95AA25F5CB9" blockId="3.[151,999,1662,1761]" box="[151,294,1699,1725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
(
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF29C126FF7DF95AA2675CB9" box="[159,286,1699,1725]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Figs 11–20</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0733699FF29C126FF75F93FA09E5CE5" blockId="3.[151,999,1662,1761]" box="[151,999,1734,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<uri id="C45D3A9BFF29C126FF75F93FA09E5CE5" box="[151,999,1734,1761]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF29C126FF75F8F6A0775DBD" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF29C126FF75F8F6A0775DBD" blockId="3.[151,1437,1806,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FF75F8F6A23C5D2C" bold="true" box="[151,325,1806,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="00A43CC4FF29C126FEA9F8F6A7DD5D49" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3012565321" collectingDate="1971-08-15" collectionCode="ZSIK, WGRC" collectorName="Coll. Sukh Dev &amp; Regd. No." country="India" elevation="2289" latitude="32.524445" location="Catchment Ala" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="76.001945" municipality="Chamba district" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6F77883BFF29C126FEA9F8F6A2CA5D2D" box="[331,435,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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,
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FE3EF8F7A1655D2C" bold="true" box="[476,540,1806,1832]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<collectingCountry id="C8DB7609FF29C126FE3EF8F7A1655D2C" box="[476,540,1806,1832]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">India</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FDC9F8F7A0715D2D" bold="true" box="[555,776,1806,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<collectingRegion id="7208F87BFF29C126FDC9F8F7A0715D2D" box="[555,776,1806,1833]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5017ACE3FF29C126FCF7F8F6A0B35D2D" box="[789,970,1807,1833]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Chamba district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B5136042FF29C126FC37F8F6A7025D2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90:B5136042FF29C126FC37F8F6A7025D2D" box="[981,1147,1807,1833]" country="India" latitude="32.524445" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="76.001945" municipality="Chamba district" name="Catchment Ala" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">Catchment Ala</location>
(
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&amp;
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,
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),
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<collectingDate id="D436E9B1FF29C126FEB9F8CBA29D5D49" box="[347,484,1842,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1971-08-15">15.viii.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FE13F8CAA1DD5D49" box="[497,676,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Coll. Sukh Dev</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FD52F8CAA1975D49" box="[688,750,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">ZSIK</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FD15F8CAA0125D49" box="[759,875,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Regd. No.</collectorName>
ZSI/
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FC44F8CAA0845D49" box="[934,1021,1843,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">WGRC</collectionCode>
/IR/INV.14403
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="00A43CC4FF29C126FB52F8CAA2435D91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3012565313" collectingDate="1972-08-21" collectionCode="ZSIK, WGRC" collectorName="Coll. Khan &amp; Regd. No." country="India" elevation="2133" latitude="32.53583" location="Chamba district" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="75.97945" municipality="Dalhousie" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh" typeStatus="paratype">
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,
<location id="B5136042FF29C126FADDF8CAA3915D75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90:B5136042FF29C126FADDF8CAA3915D75" country="India" latitude="32.53583" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="75.97945" municipality="Dalhousie" name="Chamba district" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">Chamba district</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5017ACE3FF29C126FF10F8AEA21D5D75" box="[242,356,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Dalhousie</collectingMunicipality>
(
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&amp;
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),
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<collectingDate id="D436E9B1FF29C126FCD8F8AEA0BD5D75" box="[826,964,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1972-08-21">21.viii.1972</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FC2CF8AEA7335D75" box="[974,1098,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Coll. Khan</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FBB6F8AEA7EB5D75" box="[1108,1170,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">ZSIK</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FB7AF8AEA6705D75" box="[1176,1289,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Regd. No.</collectorName>
ZSI/
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FAA2F8AEA6ED5D75" box="[1344,1428,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">WGRC</collectionCode>
/ IR/INV.14404
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="00A43CC4FF29C126FEA1F882A0735DBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3012565316" collectingDate="1971-07-30" collectionCode="ZSIK, WGRC" collectorName="Coll. Tulsi &amp; Regd. No." country="India" elevation="2723" latitude="32.52361" location="Chamba district" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="76.02695" municipality="Dainkund Peak" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="6F77883BFF29C126FEA1F882A2DC5D91" box="[323,421,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="A6CAFD10FF29C126FE4EF882A2B85D91" box="[428,449,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B5136042FF29C126FE2CF882A1FB5D91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3865878FFF29C121FF75F987A19C5D90:B5136042FF29C126FE2CF882A1FB5D91" box="[462,642,1915,1941]" country="India" latitude="32.52361" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="76.02695" municipality="Dainkund Peak" name="Chamba district" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Himachal Pradesh">Chamba district</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5017ACE3FF29C126FD6EF882A04E5D91" box="[652,823,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Dainkund Peak</collectingMunicipality>
(
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&amp;
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<quantity id="77349B7CFF29C126FB49F882A67B5D91" box="[1195,1282,1915,1941]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.723" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="2723.0">
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),
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<collectingDate id="D436E9B1FF29C126FAF4F882A6E15D91" box="[1302,1432,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" value="1971-07-30">30.vii.1971</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FF75F866A2695DBD" box="[151,272,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Coll. Tulsi</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FEFEF866A2235DBD" box="[284,346,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">ZSIK</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="1D39534FFF29C126FE83F866A2AA5DBD" box="[353,467,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Regd. No.</collectorName>
ZSI/
<collectionCode id="D6DDAE5CFF29C126FDEFF867A11D5DBD" box="[525,612,1950,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">WGRC</collectionCode>
/IR/INV.14405
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF29C121FF25F83BA72A5911" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="274" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF29C126FF25F83BA6E55DD9" blockId="3.[151,1437,1806,2013]" box="[199,1436,1986,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF29C126FF25F83BA2435DD8" bold="true" box="[199,314,1986,2012]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. This new species differs from all other species of the genus by having the following combination
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0733699FF2EC121FF75FF6FA72A5911" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
of characters: Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FEB7FF50A2245AB3" attach="left" box="[341,349,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
completely and Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FDDBFF50A1385AB3" attach="left" box="[569,577,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
mostly yellowish red (except black apex and typical creamy yellow lateral spots on second tergite); propodeal enclosure apically triangularly pointed, only longitudinally carinated inside; mesosoma (except tegulae brown) entirely black (with bluish reflections), without ferruginous red markings. This new species comes close to
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FE29FEFAA1155B18" authority="Kumar &amp; Sheela &amp; Sharma, 2020" authorityName="Kumar &amp; Sheela &amp; Sharma" authorityYear="2020" box="[459,620,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bengalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FE29FEFAA1155B18" box="[459,620,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. bengalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="998B57F0FF2EC121FD90FEFAA1B15B19" box="[626,712,259,285]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FD19FEFAA76E5B18" authority="Krombein" authorityName="Krombein" authorityYear="1985" box="[763,1047,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FD19FEFAA0E65B18" box="[763,927,258,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. triangularis</emphasis>
Krombein
</taxonomicName>
in having propodeal enclosure apically triangularly pointed, and mesosoma (except tegulae brown) entirely black, without ferruginous red markings but distinctly differs from both of them in having Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FD0EFEA4A18D5B6F" attach="left" box="[748,756,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
completely and Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FC2CFEA4A0AF5B6F" attach="left" box="[974,982,349,363]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
mostly yellowish red (in
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FB1AFEB2A6E55B60" authority="Kumar &amp; Sheela &amp; Sharma, 2020" authorityName="Kumar &amp; Sheela &amp; Sharma" authorityYear="2020" box="[1272,1436,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bengalensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FB1AFEB2A6E55B60" box="[1272,1436,330,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. bengalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="998B57F0FF2EC121FF75FE96A3975B8D" box="[151,238,367,393]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FEC1FE96A13B5B8C" authority="Krombein" authorityName="Krombein" authorityYear="1985" box="[291,578,366,393]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="triangularis">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FEC1FE96A2B15B8C" box="[291,456,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. triangularis</emphasis>
Krombein
</taxonomicName>
, metasoma entirely black, except paired, rounded creamy white anterolateral spots on Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FEF5FE5CA2665BB7" attach="left" box="[279,287,421,435]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
). As per the key of
<bibRefCitation id="D45D4B68FF2EC121FE1EFE6BA1C95BA8" author="Nemkov, P. G." box="[508,688,402,428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" pagination="276 - 286" refId="ref5824" refString="Nemkov, P. G. (2014) The digger wasps of the genus Alysson Panzer (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Bembicinae) of Russia and adjacent territories, with a key to species and new synonymies. Zootaxa, 3838 (3), 276 - 286. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3838.3.2" type="journal article" year="2014">Nemkov (2014)</bibRefCitation>
, the female of this new species comes close to a widely distributed Palearctic species
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FE85FE4EA1ED5BD4" authority="(Panzer, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[359,660,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FE85FE4EA29E5BD4" box="[359,487,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. spinosus</emphasis>
(Panzer, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
in general colour pattern especially having metasomal base red. But this new species clearly differs from
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FDDCFE22A1C65BF0" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[574,703,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FDDCFE22A1C65BF0" box="[574,703,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by absence of creamy white spots on scutellum (in
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FAF6FE22A6EC5BF0" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1300,1429,475,501]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FAF6FE22A6EC5BF0" box="[1300,1429,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, distinct and large creamy white spots on scutellum present in both female and male) and reduced yellow markings on clypeus and towards lower half of inner eye margins (in
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FCD6FDDAA0CD5838" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[820,948,547,573]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FCD6FDDAA0CD5838" box="[820,948,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, yellow markings on clypeus and inner eye margins are more prominent in both female and male). Not only the aforementioned differences,
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FB3DFDBEA6265864" baseAuthorityName="Panzer" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1247,1375,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinosus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FB3DFDBEA6265864" box="[1247,1375,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. spinosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have also an U-shaped metapostnotum and it belongs to another species group. As per the key for Chinese species by
<bibRefCitation id="D45D4B68FF2EC121FF75FD76A20858AC" author="Wu, Y. &amp; Zhou, Q." box="[151,369,654,681]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" pagination="214 - 222" refId="ref6039" refString="Wu, Y. &amp; Zhou, Q. (1987) A study of the genus Alysson and descriptions of new species from China. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 30, 214 - 222." type="journal article" year="1987">Wu &amp; Zhou (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, this new species comes close to
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FD04FD76A08658AC" authority="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityName="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="1987" box="[742,1023,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FD04FD76A00B58AC" box="[742,882,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. caeruleus</emphasis>
Wu &amp; Zhou
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FBD4FD76A60858AC" authority="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityName="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="1987" box="[1078,1393,654,681]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sichuanensis">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FBD4FD76A79D58AC" box="[1078,1252,654,681]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. sichuanensis</emphasis>
Wu &amp; Zhou
</taxonomicName>
but distinctly differs from both. This new species clearly differs from
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FC69FD4AA76058C8" authorityName="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="1987" box="[907,1049,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FC69FD4AA76058C8" box="[907,1049,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FB53FD3CA7C058D7" attach="left" box="[1201,1209,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
completely and Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FA76FD3CA6E558D7" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,709,723]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
mostly yellowish red (in
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FE4EFD2EA14E58F4" authorityName="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="1987" box="[428,567,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FE4EFD2EA14E58F4" box="[428,567,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
metasoma entirely black). This new species in having no yellow spot between antennal sockets (in
<taxonomicName id="77CC4D1AFF2EC121FE9EFD02A1535910" authorityName="Wu &amp; Zhou" authorityYear="1987" box="[380,554,762,789]" class="Insecta" family="Crabronidae" genus="Alysson" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sichuanensis">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FE9EFD02A1535910" box="[380,554,762,789]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">A. sichuanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a yellow spot present between antennal sockets).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF2EC121FF25FCE7A2495D48" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="description">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF2EC121FF25FCE7A2495D48" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FF25FCE7A220593C" bold="true" box="[199,345,798,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Description.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="6F77883BFF2EC121FE82FCE7A2B1593C" box="[352,456,798,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FDCFFCE7A1D5593C" box="[557,684,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURES 21–30" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-18@6.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 21–30. Alysson triangularis Krombein ♀. 21. Habitus, lateral view. 22. Head, frontal view. 23. Lower half of head, frontal view. 24. Antenna. 25. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 26. Propodeum, dorsal view. 27. Forewing. 28. Hindwing. 29. Metasoma, dorsal view. 30. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416259/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig. 21–30</figureCitation>
). Length
<quantity id="77349B7CFF2EC121FCFAFCE7A006593D" box="[792,895,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.42" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" unit="mm" value="9.42">9.42 mm</quantity>
; forewing length
<quantity id="77349B7CFF2EC121FBA4FCE7A7D7593D" box="[1094,1198,798,825]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.31" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" unit="mm" value="7.31">7.31 mm</quantity>
.
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FB58FCE7A669593D" bold="true" box="[1210,1296,798,825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Colour.</emphasis>
Black (with bluish reflections on mesosoma), the following parts yellowish red: first metasomal segment completely and second metasomal segment mostly (except black apex and typical creamy yellow lateral spots on second tergite). The following parts creamy white to whitish yellow: mandible except apex, a band at apical half clypeus, which emarginated at middle above (not extending towards lateral margins of clypeus), narrow stripe along inner eye margin and not extending halfway to anterior ocellus, scape beneath, fore coxae beneath, narrow streak anteriorly on fore tibia, all segments of fore tarsus and fore claws, and pair of round anterolateral spots on Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FBBBFBF0A7185E13" attach="left" box="[1113,1121,1033,1047]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
. The following pale brown: fore tibia (except narrow whitish yellow streak anteriorly), mid and hind tarsal segments, and tegula. The following dark brown: mid and hind femora and tibia. Wings clear except forewing with two infumated bands; outer infumated band covers most of marginal cell, apical third of first submarginal cell, second and third submarginal cells, outer half of third discoidal cell, extending toward posterior margin of wing; inner infumated band covers basal half of first discoidal cell, second discoidal cell almost entirely except apex and apex of submedial cell. Vestiture silvery, subappressed; some longer suberect setae also present on mandible, clypeus, mesopleuron, coxae and femora beneath, sides of Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FEBAFAFCA2175F17" attach="left" box="[344,366,1285,1299]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">3-6</subScript>
and Gs
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FE20FAFCA2AE5F17" attach="left" box="[450,471,1285,1299]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2-6</subScript>
; pygidial setae silvery.
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FD3FFB0BA05B5F08" bold="true" box="[733,802,1266,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FD3FFB0BA0625F09" bold="true" box="[733,795,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Head width 1.91 × interocular distance at antennal insertions and 1.76 × that at anterior ocellus (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FDBAFAEFA1DD5F34" box="[600,676,1302,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 12</figureCitation>
); apical margin of clypeus (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FC3BFAEFA75A5F34" box="[985,1059,1302,1328]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 13</figureCitation>
) trilobate, tooth-like, middle lobe larger than lateral lobes; labrum short, about as wide as lobate section of clypeus and with subtruncate apical margin; front with shallow median groove evanescent towards anterior ocellus, with small punctures; OOL 2.50 × POL (in female
<typeStatus id="6F77883BFF2EC121FF08FA7AA22C5F99" box="[234,341,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
OOL 2.72–2.91 × POL); POL 0.38 × ocellooccipital distance (in female
<typeStatus id="6F77883BFF2EC121FB62FA7AA7925F99" box="[1152,1259,1411,1437]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
POL 0.35–0.37 × ocellooccipital distance). Antenna as in
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FD8AFA5FA1AC5FC4" box="[616,725,1446,1472]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Figure 14</figureCitation>
, length of antennal segments as follows, scape: pedicel: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FABDFA40A61E5FC3" attach="right" box="[1375,1383,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FA6EFA40A6ED5FC3" attach="left" box="[1420,1428,1465,1479]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FF4DFA24A3CE5FEF" attach="right" box="[175,183,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">3</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FF3EFA24A39D5FEF" attach="left" box="[220,228,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">4</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FEEBFA25A2685FEE" attach="left" box="[265,273,1500,1514]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">5</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FED5FA24A2465FEF" attach="left" box="[311,319,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">6</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FE86FA24A2155FEF" attach="left" box="[356,364,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">7</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FE70FA24A2E35FEF" attach="left" box="[402,410,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">8</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FE5DFA24A2BE5FEF" attach="left" box="[447,455,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">9</subScript>
: fu
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FE0FFA24A2845FEF" attach="left" box="[493,509,1501,1515]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">10</subScript>
= 16: 7: 16.25: 16.25: 13: 13: 12: 11: 10: 10: 10: 13.
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FBA7FA32A7B95FE1" bold="true" box="[1093,1216,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. Pronotum dorsally with small punctures, mostly separated by about the width of the diameter of a puncture, with a crenulate groove posteriorly (groove narrowed towards middle); lateral surface of pronotum with few strong oblique rugulae on upper half, lower half mostly glabrous anteriorly; mesoscutum with small subcontiguous punctures; mesopleuron with tiny punctures separated by more than the diameter of a puncture. Dorsal side of propodeum (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FB7FF9A3A79E5C71" box="[1181,1255,1626,1653]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 16</figureCitation>
) with propodeal enclosure apically triangularly pointed, inner side of enclosure only longitudinally carinated inside, outer side of enclosure with radiating striae from outer margins of enclosure and rugoso-reticulations towards periphery, lateral tooth well developed; posterior side of propodeum smooth on either sides of its median carina. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FAAAF93FA6ED5CE4" box="[1352,1428,1734,1760]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 17</figureCitation>
) with second recurrent vein joins with third submarginal cell.
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FCA9F912A0BA5D01" bold="true" box="[843,963,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Metasoma</emphasis>
. Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FC0FF904A08C5D0F" attach="left" box="[1005,1013,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
and Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FBA5F904A7365D0F" attach="left" box="[1095,1103,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">2</subScript>
almost impunctate except for sparse, scattered setae on sides (
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FDE4F8F7A12D5D2C" box="[518,596,1806,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–20" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,187,1914]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 11–20. Alysson himachalensis sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 11. Habitus, lateral view. 12. Head, frontal view. 13. Lower half of head, frontal view. 14. Antenna. 15. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view. 16. Propodeum, dorsal view. 17. Forewing. 18. Hindwing. 19. Metasoma, dorsal view. 20. Last metasomal tergite." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416257/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 19</figureCitation>
); base of Gt
<subScript id="2C4834DCFF2EC121FD03F8D8A1905D2B" attach="left" box="[737,745,1825,1839]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">1</subScript>
with strong longitudinal cavities on either side, margined by strong carina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF2EC121FF25F8AFA6245D75" box="[199,1373,1878,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF2EC121FF25F8AFA6245D75" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1940]" box="[199,1373,1878,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FF25F8AFA2315D74" bold="true" box="[199,328,1878,1904]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species epithet is derived from the state of collection of the species,
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FB61F8AFA62C5D74" box="[1155,1365,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<collectingRegion id="7208F87BFF2EC121FB61F8AFA62C5D74" box="[1155,1365,1878,1904]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F8D66512FF2EC121FF25F883A19C5D90" box="[199,741,1914,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B0733699FF2EC121FF25F883A19C5D90" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1940]" box="[199,741,1914,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">
<emphasis id="82B8EA8BFF2EC121FF25F883A2205D90" bold="true" box="[199,345,1914,1940]" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="C8DB7609FF2EC121FE85F883A2DC5D90" box="[359,421,1914,1940]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="7208F87BFF2EC121FE52F883A1045D90" box="[432,637,1914,1940]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="28F72A1CFF2EC121FD69F883A1A15D90" box="[651,728,1914,1940]" captionStart="FIGURE 41" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,551,1377]" captionTargetId="figure-121@8.[151,1436,551,1377]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 41. Distribution map of the genus Alysson Panzer from the Indian subcontinent." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4416267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4416267/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="274">Fig 41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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