427 lines
35 KiB
XML
427 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3219.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3fa772dc-c5b2-40c9-b28e-cd067ca9a3f6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280223" checkinTime="1460447300036" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Fikáček, Martin, Jia, Fenglong & Prokin, Alexander" docDate="2012" docId="03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03219p053.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3219" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.3:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pachysternum sulawesicum Fika" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="FFDFFFC2FFCCF318FFC9FFDB0C07C424" masterDocTitle="A review of the Asian species of the genus Pachysternum (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="53" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1678199402054" updateUser="tatiana">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>A review of the Asian species of the genus Pachysternum (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Fikáček, Martin</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Jia, Fenglong</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Prokin, Alexander</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2012-03-02</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>3219</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>53</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3219.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">3fa772dc-c5b2-40c9-b28e-cd067ca9a3f6</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">280223</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6180448" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193839850" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6180448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,666,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,666,151,213]" box="[151,666,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4BV5K" authority="Fika" authorityName="Fika" box="[151,551,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,551,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,487,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pachysternum sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
Fiká
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
č
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[564,666,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
ek,
|
||
<number box="[608,666,151,177]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2006.0">2006</number>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[151,385,189,213]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,666,151,213]" box="[151,385,189,213]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,252,189,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 11" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1871,1894]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,195,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1847]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 11. General morphology of Asian Pachysternum. 1: mentum of P. nigrovittatum; 2: maxillary palpus of P. n i g ro - vittatum; 3: maxillary sucking disc of male of P. nigrovittatum; 4: head of P. curvatum, ventral view; 5: antenna of P. c u r v a t u m; 6 – 8: prothorax of P. nigrovittatum (6: posterior view, 7: lateral view, 8: ventral view); 9 – 11: prosternal plate (9: P. h a e m o rrhoum, 10: P. rugosum, 11: P, sulawesicum)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280224/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[263,293,189,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 25" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1863,1886]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1842]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 25. General morphology of the Asian Pachysternum. 12 – 14: pronotal punctation (12: P. nigrovittatum, 13: P. haemorrhoum, 14: P. r u g o s u m); 15: meso- and metathorax of P. nigrovittatum, ventral view; 16 – 19: preepisternal elevation of mesothorax (16: P. haemorrhoum, 17: P. s u l a w e s i c u m, 18: P. apicatum, 19: P. rugosum); 20 – 21: surface sculpture of metaventrite mesally and laterally of femoral line (20: P. nigrovittatum, 21: P. haemorrhoum); 22: elytral punctation of P. nigrovittatum; 23: scutellum of P. nigrovittatum; 24: anterior leg of P. nigrovittatum; 25: abdomen of P. nigrovitattum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280225/files/figure.png" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[305,335,189,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–35" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1686,1709]" captionTargetBox="[166,1425,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1645]" captionText="FIGURES 33–35. Male genitalia of Asian Pachysternum. 33: P. kubani (a–c, f: holotype; d–e: dark specimen from Sichuan; g: specimen from Laos, Ban Nape; h: terratological specimen from Laos, Phou Pane Mt.; a: tegmen, b, d: median lobe, c, e: apical portion of median lobe, f–h: sternite 9); 34: P. stevensi (a: tegmen, b-c: median lobe, d–e: variation of the shape of sternite 9); 35: P. sulawesicum (a: tegmen, b: median lobe, c: apical portion of median lobe, d: sternite 9)." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">35</figureCitation>
|
||
, 70)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,852,264,323]" box="[151,639,264,286]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,639,264,286]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4BV5K" authority="Fikacek, 2006: 152" authorityName="Fikacek" authorityPageNumber="152" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,635,264,286]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,432,264,286]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pachysternum sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation author="Fikacek" box="[437,635,264,286]" page="152" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fikacek" box="[437,635,264,286]" firstAuthor="Fikacek" page="152" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="149" refId="ref41492" refString="Fikacek, M. (2006) Contributions to the taxonomy of the genera Pachysternum and Cyrtonion (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae). Biologia (Bratislava) 61, 2, 149 - 157." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Fikáček,
|
||
<number box="[530,585,264,286]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2006.0">2006</number>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[594,635,264,286]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="152.0">152</number>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,852,264,323]" box="[151,852,301,323]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,848,301,323]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="4BV5K" authority="Short & Fikacek" authorityName="Short & Fikacek" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,848,301,323]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,432,301,323]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pachysternum sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Short" box="[444,848,301,323]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="83 - 122" refId="ref43570" refString="Short, A. E. Z. & Fikacek, M. (2011) World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51, 83 - 122." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
<treatmentCitation ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4479669" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4479669" author="Short & Fikáček" box="[444,680,301,323]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0955F46CFF89FFA5E4D0FEFEFD93FE3B" page="113" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" year="2011">
|
||
Short & Fikáček (
|
||
<number box="[626,680,301,322]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2011.0">2011</number>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[690,729,301,322]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="113.0">113</number>
|
||
, catalogue)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" box="[151,1403,375,400]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,309,375,400]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[151,210,376,400]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[316,428,375,399]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sulawesi, Malino env., E of Ujung Pandang [coordinates ca.
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1120,1234,375,399]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="15" value="-5.275278">
|
||
<number box="[1120,1134,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
°
|
||
<number box="[1145,1175,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="16.0">16</number>
|
||
'
|
||
<number box="[1178,1208,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="31.0">31</number>
|
||
''S
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1246,1392,375,399]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="15" value="119.849724">
|
||
<number box="[1246,1290,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="119.0">119</number>
|
||
°
|
||
<number box="[1300,1331,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="50.0">50</number>
|
||
'
|
||
<number box="[1333,1363,375,399]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="59.0">59</number>
|
||
''E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,503,413,438]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[199,258,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
material examined:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3499776372" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Jach" country="S-SULAWESI" location="Umg. Malino" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[513,617,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[636,690,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[708,807,413,437]" collectionName="Austria, Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
): “
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[838,1005,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">S-SULAWESI</collectingCountry>
|
||
<number box="[1015,1071,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1992.0">1992</number>
|
||
/
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0:8E906077FFE1F335FB85FE4508E1C591" box="[1100,1254,413,438]" country="S-SULAWESI" name="Umg. Malino" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Umg. Malino</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<number box="[1272,1302,413,437]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="27.0">27</number>
|
||
) /
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0:8E906077FFE1F335FAF2FE450CF0C5FE" country="S-SULAWESI" name="E Ujung Pandang" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">E Ujung Pandang</location>
|
||
/ leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[328,378,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Jäch</collectorName>
|
||
<number box="[388,419,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="29.0">29</number>
|
||
.IV.”.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3499776422" collectionCode="NMPC" collectorName="Schodl" location="Umg. Malino" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[486,595,451,475]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[613,695,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="generic">
|
||
<number box="[613,627,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
spec.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[713,800,450,474]" collectionName="Czech Republic, Prague, National Museum (Natural History)" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">NMPC</collectionCode>
|
||
): “S-SULAWESI
|
||
<number box="[1009,1037,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="92.0">92</number>
|
||
/
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0:8E906077FFE1F335FBE3FE1808C3C5FE" box="[1066,1220,450,475]" name="Umg. Malino" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Umg. Malino</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<number box="[1239,1269,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="27.0">27</number>
|
||
) / leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1358,1436,450,474]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Schödl</collectorName>
|
||
<number box="[151,208,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="29.4">29.4</number>
|
||
.”;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3499776409" box="[234,1436,487,512]" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Schodl" location="Kotamobagu" municipality="Umg. Modoindingo" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<specimenCount box="[234,308,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="male">
|
||
<number box="[234,248,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
male
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode box="[324,423,487,511]" collectionName="Austria, Wien, Naturhistorisches Museum Wien" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/91g3-0mnw" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
||
): “N-SULAWESI
|
||
<number box="[629,685,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1992.0">1992</number>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[706,928,487,512]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Umg. Modoindingo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/ NÖ
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0:8E906077FFE1F335FC2CFE3C0871C5DB" box="[997,1142,487,511]" municipality="Umg. Modoindingo" name="Kotamobagu" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Kotamobagu</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<number box="[1157,1186,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="12.0">12</number>
|
||
) / leg.
|
||
<collectorName box="[1264,1342,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Schödl</collectorName>
|
||
<number box="[1349,1378,487,511]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="19.0">19</number>
|
||
.IV.”.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,852,525,550]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Additional material examined.
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3499776349" collectingDate="2009-02-18" collectionCode="ASKC" collectorName="A. Skale" country="Indonesia" elevation="250" latitude="1.5452777" location="Batu Putih" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.124725" municipality="Sulawesi" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[567,728,525,550]" name="Indonesia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[741,847,525,550]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sulawesi</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
:
|
||
<number box="[860,874,525,549]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
spec. (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[954,1034,525,549]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">ASKC</collectionCode>
|
||
):
|
||
<locationDeviation bearing="135.0" box="[1054,1153,525,549]" distance="5000.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<quantity box="[1054,1112,525,549]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
SE
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E687BAFFE1F337FF5EFF4C0F0EC5D0:8E906077FFE1F335FB40FDD50903C601" box="[1161,1284,525,549]" country="Indonesia" latitude="1.5452777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="125.124725" municipality="Sulawesi" name="Batu Putih" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Batu Putih</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1297,1369,525,549]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="250.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1297,1369,525,549]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[151,267,562,586]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="15" value="1.5452777">
|
||
<number box="[151,160,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
°
|
||
<number box="[170,201,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="32.0">32</number>
|
||
'
|
||
<number box="[204,235,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="43.0">43</number>
|
||
''N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[274,404,562,586]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" precision="15" value="125.124725">
|
||
<number box="[274,318,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="125.0">125</number>
|
||
°
|
||
<number box="[328,342,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
'
|
||
<number box="[345,376,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="29.0">29</number>
|
||
''E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[416,532,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2009-02-18">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[416,532,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2009-02-18">
|
||
<number box="[416,444,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="18.0">18</number>
|
||
.ii.
|
||
<number box="[468,532,562,586]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2009.0">2009</number>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, lgt.
|
||
<collectorName box="[587,687,562,587]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">A. Skale</collectorName>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,461,599,624]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[468,778,600,624]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[468,778,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Pachysternum sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be easily distinguished from other species by the coloration of elytra (which typically bears large apical horse shoe-shaped pale spot and small humeral pale spot), continually arcuate outer margin of anterior tibia and entirely dark pronotal disc. Pale specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1263,1436,672,696]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1263,1436,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may resemble dark specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[539,721,709,732]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrovittatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[539,721,709,732]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. nigrovittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the elytral pattern, but may be easily distinguished by the shape of anterior tibiae and coloration of pronotum mentioned above (anterior tibiae are distinctly bisinuate on outer margin and pronotum is pale with large M-shape spot in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[848,1026,781,804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrovittatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[848,1026,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. nigrovittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Dark specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1266,1436,780,804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1266,1436,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are rather similar to dark specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[604,710,816,840]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kubani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[604,710,816,840]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. kubani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but may be distinguished from the latter by uniformly arcuate anterior tibia (deeply sinuate in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[511,615,852,876]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kubani">
|
||
<emphasis box="[511,615,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. kubani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Distinct (but vaguely limited) humeral spot along with pale apical portion of elytra is rarely present also in the specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[765,896,889,912]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[765,896,889,912]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. apicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which may be distinguished by at least slightly angulate outer margin of anterior tibia and by the shape of the median lobe (wide in basal third and then narrowing apicad in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[260,391,961,984]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicatum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[260,391,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. apicatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, nearly parallel-sided throughout in
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[800,971,960,984]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[800,971,960,984]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">P. sulawesicum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,372,995,1020]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Body widely oval, shape of elytra slightly sexually dimorphic, female with distinctly pronounced humeral portion of elytra. Body length
|
||
<quantity box="[703,840,1031,1055]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus box="[856,960,1031,1055]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity box="[972,1064,1031,1055]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
); body width
|
||
<quantity box="[1222,1359,1031,1055]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus pageId="45" pageNumber="46">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity box="[206,296,1068,1092]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,322,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Coloration</emphasis>
|
||
. Clypeus and median portion of frons pale reddish, lateral portions of frons dark brown. Pronotum dark brown with widely reddish anterolateral corners and median portion of anterior margin. Elytron dark brown with sharply delimited pale reddish spot at the base of elytral interval
|
||
<number box="[927,943,1175,1199]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
, small pale reddish spot in anterolateral corner, and large horseshoe-shaped pale reddish spot at apex; the apical spot reaching more anteriad on intervals 2, 5–
|
||
<number box="[151,165,1248,1271]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="7.0">7</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<number box="[219,250,1247,1271]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="10.0">10</number>
|
||
. Ventral surface of head brown, thoracic sclerites dark brown, legs and abdominal ventrite
|
||
<number box="[1268,1282,1247,1271]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="5.0">5</number>
|
||
pale reddish.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,438,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">External morphology</emphasis>
|
||
. Clypeus with moderately coarse and rather sparse punctation consisting of nearly uniform-sized punctures divided by ca.
|
||
<number box="[577,618,1317,1341]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3</number>
|
||
× of puncture diameter. Frons with slightly coarser punctation than on clypeus, consisting of punctures of two slightly different sizes separated by ca. by
|
||
<number box="[1104,1167,1350,1374]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2.25" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3</number>
|
||
× of puncture diameter. Interstices without microsculpture. Larger punctures on pronotum rounded, much larger than small punctures, small punctures scar-like, divided by ca.
|
||
<number box="[606,648,1417,1441]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3</number>
|
||
× of puncture width. Pronotal interstices without microsculpture. Prosternum with weak or nearly indistinct median carina. Elytral series consisting of large, shallow punctures; interval punctation with moderately large semicircular punctures much smaller than serial ones, interval punctation consisting of two slightly different sizes of punctures, larger punctures setiferous; interstices with moderately developed mesh-like microsculpture. Elytral series indistinctly impressed. Preepisternal elevation of mesothorax without posterolateral pits. Femoral lines on metaventrite slightly angulate; median portion of metaventrite bearing moderately large and dense setiferous punctation, interstices without microsculpture; lateral portions with very coarse and dense, densely pubescent punctation. Outer margin of anterior tibia very slightly bisinuate, outer series of spines not interrupted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="45.[151,1437,375,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,365,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[199,257,1717,1741]" name="Malta" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
genitalia
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[382,466,1717,1741]" captionStart="FIGURES 33–35" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1686,1709]" captionTargetBox="[166,1425,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1645]" captionText="FIGURES 33–35. Male genitalia of Asian Pachysternum. 33: P. kubani (a–c, f: holotype; d–e: dark specimen from Sichuan; g: specimen from Laos, Ban Nape; h: terratological specimen from Laos, Phou Pane Mt.; a: tegmen, b, d: median lobe, c, e: apical portion of median lobe, f–h: sternite 9); 34: P. stevensi (a: tegmen, b-c: median lobe, d–e: variation of the shape of sternite 9); 35: P. sulawesicum (a: tegmen, b: median lobe, c: apical portion of median lobe, d: sternite 9)." pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[437,466,1717,1741]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="35.0">35</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tegmen and median lobe
|
||
<quantity box="[787,875,1717,1741]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. Phallobase ca. twice as long as parameres, slightly asymmetrical basally, without distinctly detached manubrium. Median lobe widest at midlength, weakly narrowing apicad, apex narrowly rounded; gonopore subapical, rather indistinct; lateral pubescent lobes narrow, developed only subapically. Median projection of sternite
|
||
<number box="[802,816,1825,1849]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" value="9.0">9</number>
|
||
with deep V-shaped emargination apically.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280235/files/figure.png" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[170,1406,198,944]" targetPageId="46">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="46.[151,1437,967,1020]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,287,967,990]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 70.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[293,574,968,990]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[293,574,968,990]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Pachysternum
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[444,574,968,990]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">sulawesicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, general habitus (a, c: dorsal view, b: dorsolateral view). Localities of the specimens: a–b: Sulawesi, Malino env. (holotype, male); c: Sulawesi, SE of Batu Putih.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption box="[151,811,1844,1867]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" startId="46.[151,250,1844,1867]" targetBox="[312,1253,1062,1833]" targetPageId="46">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="46.[151,811,1844,1867]" box="[151,811,1844,1867]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,287,1844,1867]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 71.</emphasis>
|
||
Known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[525,805,1845,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pachysternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[525,805,1845,1867]" italics="true" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Pachysternum
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[676,805,1845,1867]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" rank="species" species="sulawesicum">sulawesicum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="46.[151,1436,1911,2008]" lastBlockId="47.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="47" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,1911,1936]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Rather variable species, the variability concerns the coloration, dorsal microsculpture and the height of median carina of the prosternal plate. The additional specimen examined (Batu Putih env.) has the pale spots of elytra much more extended than the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[653,701,1984,2008]" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens redescribed above, with the elytron colored as follows (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[159,244,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 70" captionStartId="46.[151,250,967,990]" captionTargetBox="[170,1406,198,944]" captionTargetId="figure@46.[151,1436,195,949]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIGURE 70. Pachysternum sulawesicum, general habitus (a, c: dorsal view, b: dorsolateral view). Localities of the specimens: a – b: Sulawesi, Malino env. (holotype, male); c: Sulawesi, SE of Batu Putih." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280235/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<number box="[212,244,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="70.0">70</number>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
c): interval
|
||
<number box="[368,382,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1.0">1</number>
|
||
black, whole interval
|
||
<number box="[632,646,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2.0">2</number>
|
||
pale reddish, basal pale spots present on intervals
|
||
<date box="[1211,1367,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2010-04-02" valueMax="2010-07-02" valueMin="2010-04-02">
|
||
<number box="[1211,1254,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4</number>
|
||
and
|
||
<number box="[1308,1367,151,175]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10</number>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; basal spot similar to
|
||
<typeStatus box="[322,370,189,213]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens, but reaching more anteriad on intervals
|
||
<number box="[963,1008,188,212]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6</number>
|
||
; lateral margin of elytron widely pale reddish throughout. The coloration of the pronotum and the head of this specimen corresponds with the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1314,1362,224,248]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens redescribed above. Dorsal microsculpture of elytral intervals varies from moderately distinct (in the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1338,1436,260,284]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and the additional specimen from Batu Putih env.) to rather indistinct (in some
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1047,1160,295,319]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
). Median carina of prosternal plate is rather obsolete in some specimens and therefore seemingly absent, but it may be still detected on SEM micrographs of these specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[199,420,403,428]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[151,1436,151,500]" box="[199,420,403,428]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,295,403,428]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="47.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,352,439,464]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known from two localities in northernmost Sulawesi and one locality in southern Sulawesi. Most probably widely distributed throughout the island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |