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<document id="A66259488C509058C0C41DB327C50AB1" ID-CLB-Dataset="5848" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.12" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b7487199-727e-49a3-bc4d-bc8063e4c8be" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056352" ID-ZooBank="E58FD791-8914-45FD-885B-4E5127E1DFF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1625163315158" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wang, Qing, Wang, Xiu-Dan &amp; Zhu, Dao-Hong" docDate="2021" docId="039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4995.2.12.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4995 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Plagiotrochus hepingensis Wang, Wang &amp; Zhu 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="394" masterDocId="FFA6E95CFFA23677FE48FF9AFFF88A4D" masterDocTitle="A new species of Plagiotrochus from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling on Quercus glauce (Fagaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="395" masterPageNumber="389" pageNumber="390" updateTime="1699022314692" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="DB13D63FC42D326C910ECA11CD580214" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="AD8ED13AE5C06DA7BB7BCF1D24F715B0">
<mods:title id="91F8C9BED6E559ED09EE2D6E86D2ECD3">A new species of Plagiotrochus from China (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling on Quercus glauce (Fagaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="65F31905ED30E06E866F2F2E2C9BB42C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AF718F886754AFBD23FD2F68C73D6500">
<mods:roleTerm id="22E393CF7FDD5A6D0E9BD71E5A4C3473">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5BBA3B78CE3FCF8D9B0940D030127A14">Wang, Qing</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DCEE2160CA213CE73EBEB387DDAE08A9" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1104-3201</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9E9C5A4725E8D300DBA9E8CC0410A060">Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry &amp; Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410004 &amp; 20181100109 @ csuft. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1104 - 3201</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="45110F5F7EF4133CB6B71B2297B815E9" type="email">20181100109@csuft.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="9CB6F498931C48AFA3456CFDFE840611" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1DBD0698C4418C6F48E292373FF471EE">
<mods:roleTerm id="0986BAB4341D3E78EC0F0884D9B06BB3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2B1611622B982C77CDEB9576874310B4">Wang, Xiu-Dan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="631EC9E2D255B80D09EC32F0713D693A" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6444-9830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EF654C2F74302E54D4170D39C5436B29">Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry &amp; Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410004 &amp; xdwang 1990 @ sina. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6444 - 9830</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC96BC65B3E92ACA1D5CB807ADC44895" type="email">xdwang1990@sina.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A8C21136133D4FE0EF004A21FD4167D9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9C24F51B2A14D7CD4148A182A672DEB9">
<mods:roleTerm id="44E7B04DBF9C8070ACC1AC1C47BE0EA5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F1FA57C9B9601D5318D4339BA5B30C3A">Zhu, Dao-Hong</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="404603DD7DCFAB2C759B54CEED8ED077" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2442-672X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="ECC4DF01F8AC1858A2127D8FFDFACE63">Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Biology, Central South University of Forestry &amp; Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China, 410004</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A5457400E9571638DB0F865DC1886BFF" type="email">daohongzhu@yeah.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="50EEC0B184092F7972BC3EF7DB9D09D5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6092EC81B677E0CEDEAE66CD6987DF54">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9A071DD06D3C66F9F14892E6985A5E12">
<mods:date id="31ADBF79B470426A72355339EC87CE30">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CF6BD7DEC0901C8A52669F4E8D45FD8D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="11F6DD71286DC816076A47F1B515E974">2021-06-30</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="507C293B0B799F3F907CC3E8126EDB86" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2BA6D6847D25FEA4BB3BCF5D259A4938">4995</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EEBD1C1F4C1E34C16AE0A968BEC20915">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="625FFBCB9DFD0B67F7213E4892091508">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BFFC71BEAD33ABDF2B562957CC58F672" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4995.2.12</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DABFEF944D4C63AA3015595B35AE2EDE" type="Zenodo-Dep">5056352</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056831" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183232568" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056831" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="394" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA33676FEDFFA74FCD48C44" box="[151,812,1518,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA33676FEDFFA74FCD48C44" blockId="1.[151,812,1518,1581]" box="[151,812,1518,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<heading id="D0C1975EFFA33676FEDFFA74FCD48C44" bold="true" box="[151,812,1518,1545]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FEDFFA74FCD48C44" bold="true" box="[151,812,1518,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA33676FEDFFA74FD258C44" authority="Wang, Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityName="Wang, Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,733,1518,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FEDFFA74FE2F8C44" bold="true" box="[151,471,1518,1545]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</emphasis>
Wang, Wang &amp; Zhu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA33676FCA2FA75FCD48C44" box="[746,812,1519,1545]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA33676FEDFF989FC8F8C22" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA33676FEDFF989FEC08C60" blockId="1.[151,812,1518,1581]" box="[151,312,1555,1581]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA33676FED7F989FED78C60" box="[159,303,1555,1581]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1-6" captionStart-1="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1819,1843]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox-0="[231,1343,271,1784]" captionTargetBox-1="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId-0="figure-68@2.[231,1355,270,1793]" captionTargetId-1="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURES 1-6. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 1. General habitus 2. Antenna 3. Head, front view 4. Head, posterior view 5. Head, dorsal view 6. Head, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056354" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5056354/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Figures 1-13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA33676FEDFF9CDFC8F8C22" blockId="1.[151,887,1623,1647]" box="[151,887,1623,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<uri id="FFA72C30FFA33676FEDFF9CDFC8F8C22" box="[151,887,1623,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:
<uuid id="FF901AE7FFA33676FFD0F9CDFC8F8C22" box="[408,887,1623,1647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">408D6536-72F9-4A3C-925D-30F7F9C5383A</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA33676FEDFF907FD108D0A" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA33676FEDFF907FD108D0A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1693,2008]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FEDFF907FEB98CFA" bold="true" box="[151,321,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B5E2A6FFFA33676FF1AF907FA608CF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312967301" box="[338,1432,1693,1720]" collectingDate="2018-03-10" collectingDateMax="2018-03-20" collectingDateMin="2018-03-10" collectorName="Yin Pang" country="China" county="Changsha County" location="Changsha County" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hunan" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="548D9E90FFA33676FF1AF907FE478CFA" box="[338,447,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: female,
<collectingCountry id="F32160A2FFA33676FC62F907FD7E8CFA" box="[554,646,1693,1719]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">CHINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F2EED0FFA33676FCDCF904FCB78CFA" box="[660,847,1693,1720]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E858BEFFA33676FD16F907FBD28CFA" box="[862,1066,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Changsha County</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="FF8806F2FFA33676FA70F907FB118CFA" box="[1080,1257,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" value="2018-03-10" valueMax="2018-03-20" valueMin="2018-03-10">
<collectingDate id="EFCCFF1AFFA33676FA70F907FB118CFA" box="[1080,1257,1693,1719]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" value="2018-03-10" valueMax="2018-03-20" valueMin="2018-03-10">2018. III.10-20</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26C345E4FFA33676FB62F907FA608CF5" box="[1322,1432,1693,1720]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Yin Pang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5E2A6FFFA33676FEDFF958FD1D8D0A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312967302" collectingDate="2018-03-10" collectingDateMax="2018-03-20" collectingDateMin="2018-03-10" collectionCode="CSUFT" collectorName="Yin Pang" country="China" county="The" location="All" municipality="One" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Hunan" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="548D9E90FFA33676FEDFF958FEF08C91" box="[151,264,1730,1756]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D30EBBBFFA33676FF5CF95BFE7D8C96" box="[276,389,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype.
<collectingCounty id="62E858BEFFA33676FCD3F95BFD3F8C96" box="[667,711,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">The</collectingCounty>
<typeStatus id="548D9E90FFA33676FC86F95BFCC88C96" box="[718,816,1729,1755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was dissected for photography, and the resultant body sections were dried and mounted on card points.
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEDBA48FFA33676FCFBF97FFD1A8CB2" box="[691,738,1765,1791]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">One</collectingMunicipality>
of the
<typeStatus id="548D9E90FFA33676FD65F97CFC608D4D" box="[813,920,1766,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
is incomplete because the metasoma was used for DNA extraction.
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FF34F893FE588D6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FF34F893FE588D6E" box="[380,416,1801,1827]" county="The" municipality="One" name="All" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">All</location>
type specimens are deposited in the
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FD70F890FC018D6E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FD70F890FC018D6E" box="[824,1017,1801,1828]" county="The" municipality="One" name="Insect Collection" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">Insect Collection</location>
,
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FA4BF893FA648D69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FA4BF893FA648D69" box="[1027,1436,1801,1828]" county="The" municipality="One" name="Central South University of Forestry" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">Central South University of Forestry</location>
and
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FE8EF8B7FEB28D0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FE8EF8B7FEB28D0A" box="[198,330,1837,1863]" county="The" municipality="One" name="Technology" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">Technology</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED27B8F7FFA33676FF11F8B7FE4E8D0A" box="[345,438,1837,1863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">CSUFT</collectionCode>
),
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FF81F8B7FDC28D0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FF81F8B7FDC28D0A" box="[457,570,1837,1863]" county="The" municipality="One" name="Changsha" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">Changsha</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F2EED0FFA33676FC0DF8B4FD6A8D05" box="[581,658,1838,1864]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Hunan</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EE976E9FFA33676FCD6F8B7FD1D8D0A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F9124FFA33672FEDFFA74FEAA8F78:8EE976E9FFA33676FCD6F8B7FD1D8D0A" box="[670,741,1837,1863]" county="The" municipality="One" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" stateProvince="Hunan">China</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA33675FE8FF8CBFD878AB4" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA33675FE8FF8CBFD878AB4" blockId="1.[151,1436,1693,2008]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,249]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FE8FF8CBFEBA8D26" bold="true" box="[199,322,1873,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is similar to the sexual female of
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA33676FD35F8CBFA608D26" authority="Ide, Wachi et Abe, 2010" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" box="[893,1432,1873,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FD35F8CBFB798D26" box="[893,1153,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">Plagiotrochus masudai</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA75DC3FFA33676FAC0F8CBFA608D26" author="Ide, T. &amp; Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y." box="[1160,1432,1873,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" pagination="838 - 843" refId="ref3369" refString="Ide, T., Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y. (2010) Discovery of a new Plagiotrochus species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) inducing galls on the evergreen oak in Japan. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103, 838 - 843. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 10101" type="journal article" year="2010">
Ide, Wachi
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FB4FF8C8FAE38D26" box="[1287,1307,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">et</emphasis>
Abe, 2010
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be easily distinguished from the latter by the following features. Firstly, the galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA33676FAC1F8ECFAFA8DC2" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" box="[1161,1282,1909,1935]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FAC1F8ECFAFA8DC2" box="[1161,1282,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">P. masudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in buds (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA75DC3FFA33676FED7F803FEB18DFE" author="Ide, T. &amp; Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y." box="[159,329,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" pagination="838 - 843" refId="ref3369" refString="Ide, T., Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y. (2010) Discovery of a new Plagiotrochus species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) inducing galls on the evergreen oak in Japan. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103, 838 - 843. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 10101" type="journal article" year="2010">
Ide
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FE84F800FEFD8DFE" box="[204,261,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
: Figs. 26-27), while the galls of
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA33676FCF2F800FCA38DFE" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[698,859,1945,1971]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FCF2F800FCA38DFE" box="[698,859,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">P. hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FD2BF803FC5B8DFE" bold="true" box="[867,931,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA33676FD2BF803FC5B8DFE" box="[867,931,1945,1971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
are attached along the midrib on the abaxial surface of the leaf blade. Secondly, the mesosoma has notauli obscured by surface sculpture in
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA33676FA87F824FAB38D9A" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" box="[1231,1355,1981,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33676FA87F824FAB38D9A" box="[1231,1355,1981,2007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">P. masudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA75DC3FFA33675FB13F827FF018AFC" author="Ide, T. &amp; Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y." lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="1" pageNumber="390" pagination="838 - 843" refId="ref3369" refString="Ide, T., Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y. (2010) Discovery of a new Plagiotrochus species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) inducing galls on the evergreen oak in Japan. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103, 838 - 843. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 10101" type="journal article" year="2010">
Ide
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA33675FBC0F824FF4C8AFC" italics="true" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="391" pageId="1" pageNumber="390">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA03675FF4DFF0DFEAF8AFC" box="[261,343,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), whereas mesosoma is less rugose with distinct notauli in the new species. Thirdly, the median propodeal area lacks a median propodeal carina in
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA03675FC98FF21FCB28A98" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" box="[720,842,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FC98FF21FCB28A98" box="[720,842,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">P. masudai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFA75DC3FFA03675FD11FF21FBF88A98" author="Ide, T. &amp; Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y." box="[857,1024,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" pagination="838 - 843" refId="ref3369" refString="Ide, T., Wachi, N. &amp; Abe, Y. (2010) Discovery of a new Plagiotrochus species (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) inducing galls on the evergreen oak in Japan. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 103, 838 - 843. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 10101" type="journal article" year="2010">
Ide
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FDCDFF21FC458A98" box="[901,957,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
:
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA03675FA43FF21FBA48A98" box="[1035,1116,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA03675FA9CFF21FA8C8A98" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[1236,1396,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FA9CFF21FA8C8A98" box="[1236,1396,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">P. hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FB33FF21FF568AB4" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA03675FB33FF21FF568AB4" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has a complete median propodeal carina.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4970BAFFA03675FEDFF881FD268D1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056354" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056354/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" startId="2.[151,264,1819,1843]" targetBox="[231,1343,271,1784]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA03675FEDFF881FD268D1A" blockId="2.[151,1436,1819,1879]" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FEDFF881FEC88D7E" bold="true" box="[151,304,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">FIGURES 1-6</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA03675FF75F881FDB28D7E" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[317,586,1819,1843]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FF75F881FDB28D7E" box="[317,586,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA03675FC18F881FD718D7E" bold="true" box="[592,649,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="391">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA03675FC18F881FD718D7E" box="[592,649,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="391" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype female. 1. General habitus 2. Antenna 3. Head, front view 4. Head, posterior view 5. Head, dorsal view 6. Head, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4970BAFFA13674FEDFF97CFAC78D6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="392" startId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" targetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA13674FEDFF97CFAC78D6F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1766,1826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FEDFF97CFEBB8CB3" bold="true" box="[151,323,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">FIGURES 7-13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA13674FF00F97CFDAD8CB3" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[328,597,1766,1790]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="392" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FF00F97CFDAD8CB3" box="[328,597,1766,1790]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FC13F97CFD6B8CB3" bold="true" box="[603,659,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA13674FC13F97CFD6B8CB3" box="[603,659,1766,1790]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA13673FE8FF8EEFE808CF0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="3" pageNumber="392" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA13674FE8FF8EEFE428DC3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1908,2043]" box="[199,442,1908,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FE8FF8EEFEA18DC3" bold="true" box="[199,345,1908,1934]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">Description.</emphasis>
Female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA13674FE8FF803FDF38DFE" blockId="3.[151,1436,1908,2043]" box="[199,523,1944,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FE8FF803FEDC8DFE" bold="true" box="[199,292,1945,1971]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">Length.</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CCE8DD7FFA13674FF63F802FE528DFE" box="[299,426,1944,1971]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="392" unit="mm" value="2.4" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.5mm</quantity>
(N = 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA13673FE8FF826FA8B8B50" blockId="3.[151,1436,1908,2043]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="393" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA13674FE8FF826FEB78D9B" bold="true" box="[199,335,1980,2006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="392">Coloration.</emphasis>
Head dark brown to black with lower face and clypeus reddish-brown. Eyes charcoal grey and ocelli pale grey. Antenna pale, uniformly yellowish-brown. Mandibles reddish-brown with black tooth, maxillary and labial palps brown. Front legs with basal half of coxa, tibia, tarsomeres 1 and 5 yellow, and tarsal claw of front leg dark, and end of coxa, femur and tarsomeres 2–4 yellow; the remaining legs uniformly yellowish-brown, except for dark tarsomere 5 and tarsal claw. Mesosoma black. Metasoma mostly dark brown and graduating to light brown posteriorly; ventral spine of hypopygium light yellowish-brown. Wings with all visible veins yellowish-brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFEBDFE318958" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFEBDFEFF8B0C" bold="true" box="[199,263,295,321]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FF50FEBDFE798B0F" box="[280,385,295,322]" captionStart="FIGURES 1-6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[231,1343,271,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-68@2.[231,1355,270,1793]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1-6. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 1. General habitus 2. Antenna 3. Head, front view 4. Head, posterior view 5. Head, dorsal view 6. Head, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056354/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Figs. 3-6</figureCitation>
). 1.25 times as wide as high, broader than mesosoma in anterior view. Gena slightly broadened behind compound eye in anterior view and longer than eye width in lateral view. Compound eyes converging ventrally; height of compound eye longer than length of malar space. Frons reticulate rugose; lower face laterally with very clearly radiating striae from clypeus to lower level of eyes. Malar space alutaceous, a little more than 0.3 times eye height. Lower face, malar space and clypeus with sparse setae. Clypeus trapezoid-shaped. Anterior tentorial pits large, rounded; epistomal sulcus and clypeo-pleurostomal line distinct, but anterior tentorial pits indistinct. Transfacial distance 1.3 times compound eye height; toruli located equidistant from vertex and clypeal margin, distance between inner margin of eye and outer rim of antennal torulus 2.32 times distance between antennal toruli and 1.41 times diameter of torulus. Posterior ocelli rounded, narrowly separated from each other, ratios of POL/OOL, POL/LOL, and LOL/OOL are 0.81, 2.2 and 0.4, respectively; LOL 3.0 times the diameter of ocellus; in dorsal view, posterior margin of anterior ocellus almost aligned with anterior margin of posterior ocelli. Vertex and interocellar area coriarious to finely reticulate with some rugae. Postgena with radiating striations and scattered setae; occiput mostly polished with scattered setae. Area around occipital foramen impressed and glabrous. Gular sulcus and posterior tentorial pits distinct.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFC84FE7489CC" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFC84FED68975" bold="true" box="[199,302,798,824]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FF75FC85FE7A8974" box="[317,386,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 1-6" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1819,1843]" captionTargetBox="[231,1343,271,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-68@2.[231,1355,270,1793]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1-6. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 1. General habitus 2. Antenna 3. Head, front view 4. Head, posterior view 5. Head, dorsal view 6. Head, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056354/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Antenna filiform with 12 flagellomeres; pedicel 1.59 times as long as broad; relative lengths of scape, pedicel and F1–F12: 15:12:17:15:16:16:15:14:13:13:12:11:11:20; placoid sensillae distinctly visible on F2–F12, absent in F1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFC11FAAF8F7C" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFC11FEBD89E8" bold="true" box="[199,325,907,933]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Mesosoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FF1EFC11FE4789E8" box="[342,447,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Figs. 7-9</figureCitation>
). Slightly longer than higher in lateral view (1.36 times). Pronotal median length three fifths of length of outer lateral margin. Anterior plate of pronotum glabrate medially with few short setae laterally. Mesoscutum very slightly longer than wide (1.03 times), measured at anterior tip of tegulae, surface mostly alutaceous, distinctly striate-rugose in posterior half between notauli; notauli complete, anteriorly and posteriorly obscured by surface grooves, along with few white setae; base of notaular grove with transverse carinae; anterior parallel lines absent, their position only indicated by two smooth and shiny marks. Mesoscutellum broader than long (1.95 times), rounded posteriorly. Scutellar foveae deeply impressed and glabrous, separated medially by a broad coriaceous carina. Mesopleuron punctated with scattered setae in the ventral-posterior corner area. Mesopleural triangle rugulose. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in upper two-thirds of its height. Metascutellum glabrous and coriaceous, as long as ventral impressed area. Metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, without setae. Lateral propodeal carinae distinct, strongly curved outward in middle section; medial propodeal area with a complete median propodeal carina and a few incomplete longitudinal wrinkles; lateral propodeal areas with dense white setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFAA1FB218F18" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" box="[199,1241,1339,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFAA1FEFE8F18" bold="true" box="[199,262,1339,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Legs.</emphasis>
Tarsal claws with basal lobe bent; base expanded to a small pronounced lobe (
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FA30FAA1FB348F18" box="[1144,1228,1339,1365]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFAC4FBF08FA8" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFAC4FEF08F35" bold="true" box="[199,264,1374,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FF50FAC5FE948F34" box="[280,364,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Wing with distinct veins R+Sc, R1+Sc, Rs, M，Rs+M, M, M+Cul, Cu-a, Cul, Culb, Cula, 2r and R1; Forewing longer than body, hyaline, with dense cilia on margin, veins light brown, radial cell open, 4.5 times as long as broad; Rs and R1 not reaching wing margin; areolet distinct and large; radial cell 4.5 times as long as wide. Rs+M distinct, its projection reaching basalis below half of its height.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FFA75FE7E8CD4" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FFA75FEBB8C44" bold="true" box="[199,323,1519,1545]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Metasoma</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FF1BFA75FE2F8C44" box="[339,471,1519,1545]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Figs. 10-11</figureCitation>
). Longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than height in lateral view; abdominal tergite II 2.1 times as high as long in lateral view, smooth, extending to 2/3 length of metasoma in dorsal view, with numerous white setae anterolaterally; tergite III-VI finely punctate; tergite VII and VIII posteriorly with long setae. Prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium short, tapering gradually; subapical setae long and reaching beyond the apex of the spine.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FF939FE808CF0" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" box="[199,376,1699,1725]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Male unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA63673FE8FF95CFB6A8D00" pageId="4" pageNumber="393" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA63673FE8FF95CFB6A8D00" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FE8FF95CFED98CAD" bold="true" box="[199,289,1734,1760]" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Biology</emphasis>
. All specimens were reared from galls collected from
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA63673FD31F95DFBA08CAC" authority="Thunberg" authorityName="Thunberg" box="[889,1112,1735,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="393" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA63673FD31F95DFC1E8CAC" box="[889,998,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Q. glauca</emphasis>
Thunberg
</taxonomicName>
in early March. The attacked leaves seem healthy and undamaged on dorsal surface. The galls were situated on the midrib of the abaxial surface of young leaves, either scattered or concentrated along the midrib. Each gall shape was gemmiform, suberin,
<quantity id="4CCE8DD7FFA63673FB2AF895FF3B8D00" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="393" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.0">1-1.9 mm</quantity>
in height, unilocular, yellowish brown (
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA63673FCCCF8A9FD2F8D00" box="[644,727,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGS 14" captionStartId="5.[151,210,660,684]" captionText="FIGS 14. Galls of P. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n. on Q. glauca Thunberg." pageId="4" pageNumber="393">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Sexual adults emerged in mid-March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4970BAFFA73672FEDFFD0EFC4C88E0" box="[151,948,660,685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" startId="5.[151,210,660,684]">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FEDFFD0EFC4C88E0" blockId="5.[151,948,660,685]" box="[151,948,660,685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FEDFFD0EFF0088E0" bold="true" box="[151,248,660,685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">FIGS 14.</emphasis>
Galls of
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FF1EFD0FFD8488E0" box="[342,636,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
P.
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FF27FD0FFD8488E0" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[367,636,661,685]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FCCAFD0FFD4388E0" bold="true" box="[642,699,661,685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA73672FCCAFD0FFD4388E0" box="[642,699,661,685]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
on
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FCA9FD0FFC4C88E0" authority="Thunberg." authorityName="Thunberg." box="[737,948,661,685]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FCA9FD0FFCBD88E0" box="[737,837,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Q. glauca</emphasis>
Thunberg.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA73672FE8FFD41FC4688B8" box="[199,958,731,757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FE8FFD41FC4688B8" blockId="5.[151,1437,731,1333]" box="[199,958,731,757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FE8FFD41FE9988B8" bold="true" box="[199,353,731,757]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Distribution.</emphasis>
Known from Changsha City,
<collectingRegion id="49F2EED0FFA73672FCF8FD41FC9088B8" box="[688,872,731,757]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F32160A2FFA73672FD3BFD41FC4288B8" box="[883,954,731,757]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA73672FE8FFD65FD788954" box="[199,640,767,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FE8FFD65FD788954" blockId="5.[151,1437,731,1333]" box="[199,640,767,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FE8FFD65FEB58954" bold="true" box="[199,333,767,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Host Plant.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FF1CFD65FD788954" authority="Thunberg." authorityName="Thunberg." box="[340,640,767,793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FF1CFD65FDFD8954" box="[340,517,767,793]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
Thunberg.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA73672FE8FFCB9FEF8892C" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FE8FFCB9FEF8892C" blockId="5.[151,1437,731,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FE8FFCB9FEB68970" bold="true" box="[199,334,803,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species epithet is named after the locality of the
<typeStatus id="548D9E90FFA73672FDE3FCB9FBE88970" box="[939,1040,803,829]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, Heping Village. Noun in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C73B9FFA73672FE8FFCF1FEAA8F78" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FE8FFCF1FE4C8E74" blockId="5.[151,1437,731,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FE8FFCF1FEB789C8" bold="true" box="[199,335,875,901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Comments.</emphasis>
The new species,
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FC55FCF1FCBE89C8" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[541,838,875,901]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FC55FCF1FCBE89C8" box="[541,838,875,901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FD05FCF1FC7589C8" bold="true" box="[845,909,875,901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA73672FD05FCF1FC7589C8" box="[845,909,875,901]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
described herein was reared from galls formed on the central vein on the abaxial surface of leaf blade of
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FD69FC15FBBE89E4" authority="Thunberg" authorityName="Thunberg" box="[801,1094,911,937]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FD69FC15FC2A89E4" box="[801,978,911,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Quercus glauca</emphasis>
Thunberg
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="130D3CB7FFA73672FA1EFC15FB4D89E4" box="[1110,1205,911,937]" captionStart="FIGURES 7-13" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1766,1790]" captionTargetBox="[206,1365,190,1734]" captionTargetId="figure-19@3.[206,1382,181,1742]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 7-13. Plagiotrochus hepingensis sp. n., holotype female. 7. Mesosoma, lateral view 8. Mesosoma, posterior view 9. Mesosoma, dorsal view 10. Metasoma, lateral view 11. Metasoma, posterior view 12. Fore wing 13. Hind tarsal claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5056356" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5056356/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
). Compared to other species of genus
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FF28FC29FE068980" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1881" box="[352,510,947,973]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FF28FC29FE068980" box="[352,510,947,973]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Plagiotrochus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, especially to the most morphologically similar species,
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FADDFC29FE9D89BC" authority="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FADDFC29FA648980" box="[1173,1436,947,973]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Plagiotrochus masudai</emphasis>
Ide, Wachi
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FF51FC42FED589BC" box="[281,301,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">et</emphasis>
Abe
</taxonomicName>
, which also shares the same host plant, we established that the new species is unique based on the combination of the following characters: gall location; gall structure; structure of the notauli; and presence of a median propodeal carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B892032FFA73672FE8FFBD9FEAA8F78" blockId="5.[151,1437,731,1333]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">
A total length of 678 bp COI gene sequences were generated from
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FD8BFBD9FB158E10" authority="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Wang &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="2021" box="[963,1261,1091,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hepingensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FD8BFBD9FB158E10" box="[963,1261,1091,1117]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Plagiotrochus hepingensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A271415BFFA73672FABEFBD9FACB8E10" box="[1270,1331,1091,1117]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C365BB1FFA73672FB24FBD9FDAC8ECC" authority="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityName="Ide, Wachi et Abe" authorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masudai">
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FB24FBD9FE8F8ECC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">Plagiotrochus masudai</emphasis>
Ide, Wachi
<emphasis id="B942FC20FFA73672FC4EFBF2FDE28ECC" box="[518,538,1128,1153]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">et</emphasis>
Abe
</taxonomicName>
, with the Genbank accessions
<accessionNumber id="9465BDD1FFA73672FDF2FBFDFBBA8ECC" box="[954,1090,1127,1153]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW792414" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">MW792414</accessionNumber>
and
<accessionNumber id="9465BDD1FFA73672FA36FBFDFAFD8ECC" box="[1150,1285,1127,1153]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW800327" pageId="5" pageNumber="394">MW800327</accessionNumber>
respectively. The pairwise distance between those two species is 3.8%, which supports the recognition of these two species as distinct. The biology of the new species is mostly unknown except that adults of the species emerged in mid-March. We hypothesis that the specimens examined here represent the sexual form of the new species, even though only
<specimenCount id="9D30EBBBFFA73672FEDFFB6DFED68F5C" box="[151,302,1271,1297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="394" type="female">three females</specimenCount>
were successfully reared from the collected galls, and the male and asexual form of the new species is still unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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