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<mods:title id="B9925612F7FB16A285298B80E617BC77">Taxonomic review of the subfamily Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from China</mods:title>
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<treatment id="039F87ADFF8CFFED5BE4B3C6FBFBFE5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617398" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190104499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4617398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87ADFF8CFFED5BE4B3C6FBFBFE5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87ADFF8CFFED5BE4B3C6FBFBFE5E" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<subSubSection id="C32C6530FF8CFFEC5BE4B3C6FCE4FA1C" box="[136,850,1498,1523]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BE4B3C6FCE4FA1C" blockId="40.[136,1452,1498,1651]" box="[136,850,1498,1523]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<heading id="D0C181D7FF8CFFEC5BE4B3C6FCE4FA1C" box="[136,850,1498,1523]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5BE4B3C6FD81FA1D" bold="true" box="[136,567,1498,1522]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
3.12
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5BBEB3C6FD81FA1D" ID-CoL="92KNW" authority="Bleszynski, 1962" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[210,567,1498,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Promacrochilo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5BBEB3C6FEC3FA1D" bold="true" box="[210,373,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Promacrochilo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5A17B3C6FD81FA1D" author="Bleszynski &amp; Studies on the Crambidae" box="[379,567,1498,1522]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref23843" refString="Bleszynski, S. 1962. Studies on the Crambidae. Part 34. Miscellaneous Notes. Coridon (A), 3: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1962">Bleszynski, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="130D2A3EFF8CFFEC5935B3C7FD1FFA1C" box="[601,681,1499,1523]" captionStart="Figs 712" captionStartId="4.[155,196,1698,1720]" captionTargetBox="[271,1348,286,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-128@4.[189,1399,280,1641]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 712. Venations. 7. Ramila. 8. Archischoenobius. 9. Acropentias. 10. Leechia. 11. Brihaspa. 12. Promacrochilo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4617326/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A3EFF8CFFEC59DBB3C6FD69FA1D" box="[695,735,1498,1522]" captionStart="Figs 108115" captionStartId="36.[155,196,1876,1898]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,300,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-17@36.[189,1399,300,1812]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="Figs 108115. Adults. 108. Archischoenobius pallidalis. 109. A. nigrolepis. 110. A. nanlingensis. 111. A. minumus. 112. Acropentias aureus. 113. Leechia sinuosalis. 114. Brihaspa atrostigmella sinensis. 115. Promacrochilo ambiguellus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617358" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4617358/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">115</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A3EFF8CFFEC5980B3C7FCA2FA1C" box="[748,788,1499,1523]" captionStart="Figs 116121" captionStartId="37.[155,196,1963,1985]" captionTargetBox="[266,1391,240,1931]" captionTargetId="figure-15@37.[189,1399,239,1940]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figs 116121. Female genitalia. 116. Donacaula forficellus. 117. Archischoenobius pallidalis. 118. A. nigrolepis. 119. A. nanlingensis. 120. Brihaspa atrostigmella sinensis. 121. Promacrochilo ambiguellus. a. Sclerotized plate. Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617360" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4617360/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">121</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130D2A3EFF8CFFEC584DB3C6FCFFFA1D" box="[801,841,1498,1522]" captionStart="Figs 122125" captionStartId="40.[155,196,1359,1381]" captionTargetBox="[192,1382,562,1283]" captionTargetId="figure-386@40.[189,1399,535,1291]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="Figs 122125. Male genitalia. a. Aedeagus. b. Juxta. 122. Acropentias aureus. 123. Leechia sinuosalis. 124. Brihaspa atrostigmella sinensis. 125. Promacrochilo ambiguellus. Scale bars =1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617362" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4617362/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">125</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6530FF8CFFEC5BE4B3E1FD19F9FD" box="[136,687,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BE4B3E1FD19F9FD" blockId="40.[136,1452,1498,1651]" box="[136,687,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5BE4B3E1FE62F9FC" ID-CoL="92KNW" authority="Bleszynski, 1962" authorityName="Bleszynski" authorityYear="1962" box="[136,468,1533,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Promacrochilo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5BE4B3E1FEAEF9FD" box="[136,280,1533,1554]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Promacrochilo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5A4AB3E1FE62F9FC" author="Bleszynski &amp; Studies on the Crambidae" box="[294,468,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 3" refId="ref23843" refString="Bleszynski, S. 1962. Studies on the Crambidae. Part 34. Miscellaneous Notes. Coridon (A), 3: 1 - 3." type="journal article" year="1962">Bleszynski, 1962</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5A84B3E1FD8EF9FD" box="[488,568,1533,1554]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Coridon</emphasis>
(A), 3: 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6530FF8CFFEC59D1B3E1FD2EF99C" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC59D1B3E1FD05F9DC" blockId="40.[136,1452,1498,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<typeStatus id="548D8819FF8CFFEC59D1B3E1FD5AF9FD" box="[701,748,1533,1554]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5839B3E1FB1DF9FD" authority="Snellen, 1890" authorityName="Snellen" authorityYear="1890" box="[853,1195,1533,1555]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Chilo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguellus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5839B3E1FBB9F9FD" box="[853,1039,1533,1554]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Chilo ambiguellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5F71B3E1FB1DF9FD" author="Snellen" box="[1053,1195,1533,1555]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" pagination="557 - 647" refId="ref25996" refString="Snellen, P. C. T. 1890. A catalogue of the Pyralidina of Sikkim collected by Henry J. Elwes and the late Otto Moller, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1890: 557 - 647." type="journal article" year="1890">Snellen, 1890</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation (replacement name for
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5AFBB001FD1FF9DC" ID-CoL="93NVK" authority="Hampson, 1896" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1896" box="[407,681,1565,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Macrochilo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5AFBB001FDB0F9DD" box="[407,518,1565,1586]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Macrochilo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5960B001FD1FF9DC" author="Hampson" box="[524,681,1565,1587]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" refId="ref24521" refString="Hampson, G. F. 1896. The fauna of British India, including Sri Lanka and Burma. Moths, 4. Taylor and Francis, London. 594 pp." type="book" year="1896">Hampson, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BE4B021FD2EF99C" blockId="40.[136,1452,1498,1651]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5BE4B021FE21F9BC" ID-CoL="93NVK" authority="Hampson, 1895" authorityName="Hampson" authorityYear="1895" box="[136,407,1597,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Macrochilo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5BE4B021FF41F9BD" box="[136,247,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Macrochilo</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5B92B021FE21F9BC" author="Hampson" box="[254,407,1597,1619]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" pagination="897 - 974" refId="ref24481" refString="Hampson, G. F. 1895. On the classification of the Schoenobiinae and Crambinae, two subfamilies of moths of the family Pyralidae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1895: 897 - 974." type="journal article" year="1895">Hampson, 1895</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5AC8B021FDC9F9BD" box="[420,639,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.</emphasis>
, 1895: 950.
<typeStatus id="548D8819FF8CFFEC5995B021FC9EF9BD" box="[761,808,1597,1618]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC58EEB021FB74F9BD" authority="Snellen, 1890" authorityName="Snellen" authorityYear="1890" box="[898,1218,1597,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Chilo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambiguellus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC58EEB021FB83F9BD" box="[898,1077,1597,1618]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Chilo ambiguellus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B4AFF8CFFEC5F57B021FB74F9BD" author="Snellen" box="[1083,1218,1597,1619]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" pagination="557 - 647" refId="ref25996" refString="Snellen, P. C. T. 1890. A catalogue of the Pyralidina of Sikkim collected by Henry J. Elwes and the late Otto Moller, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1890: 557 - 647." type="journal article" year="1890">Snellen, 1890</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation (a junior homonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C364D38FF8CFFEC5AFDB041FD38F99C" ID-CoL="93NVK" authority="Hubner, 1816" authorityName="Hubner" authorityYear="1816" box="[401,654,1629,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Macrochilo" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5AFDB041FDB6F99D" box="[401,512,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Macrochilo</emphasis>
Hübner, 1816
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32C6530FF8CFFED5BD1B08EFBFBFE5E" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="40" pageNumber="203" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BD1B08EFB05F946" blockId="40.[136,1451,1682,1984]" box="[189,1203,1682,1707]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
Diagnosis. The genus is distinguished from other genera by vein R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC58E8B081FC3BF944" attach="left" box="[900,909,1693,1707]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">5</subScript>
shortly stalked with R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5F13B081FB1AF944" attach="left" box="[1151,1196,1693,1707]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2+3+4</subScript>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BD1B0A9FE49F900" blockId="40.[136,1451,1682,1984]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Description. Head with frons protruded; labial palpi porrect, covered with coarse scales; maxillary palpi expanded; patagia of prothorax with long tuft.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BD1B0E6FDD6F895" blockId="40.[136,1451,1682,1984]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
Wings (
<figureCitation id="130D2A3EFF8CFFEC5A7FB0E6FED4F8FD" box="[275,354,1786,1810]" captionStart="Figs 712" captionStartId="4.[155,196,1698,1720]" captionTargetBox="[271,1348,286,1637]" captionTargetId="figure-128@4.[189,1399,280,1641]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 712. Venations. 7. Ramila. 8. Archischoenobius. 9. Acropentias. 10. Leechia. 11. Brihaspa. 12. Promacrochilo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4617326" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4617326/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Forewing elongate, apex pointed; R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC586FB119FCBAF8FC" attach="left" box="[771,780,1797,1811]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
nearby upper angle of cell, close to R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5FDAB119FB09F8FC" attach="left" box="[1206,1215,1797,1811]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
; R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5F8DB119FB5CF8FC" attach="left" box="[1249,1258,1797,1811]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
to R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5E4FB119FA9AF8FC" attach="left" box="[1315,1324,1797,1811]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">5</subScript>
stalked, R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5ECEB119FA1DF8FC" attach="left" box="[1442,1451,1797,1811]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">5</subScript>
separated firstly, then R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5AE6B134FE25F8D9" attach="left" box="[394,403,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
; M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5AD7B134FE72F8D9" attach="left" box="[443,452,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
from discocellulares, close to R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5848B134FC9BF8D9" attach="left" box="[804,813,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">5</subScript>
; M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5839B134FCE8F8D9" attach="left" box="[853,862,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC58C1B134FC00F8D9" attach="left" box="[941,950,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">3</subScript>
from lower angle of cell; Cu
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5F9AB134FB49F8D9" attach="left" box="[1270,1279,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
and Cu
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5E39B134FAE8F8D9" attach="left" box="[1365,1374,1832,1846]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
before lower angle of cell. Hindwing with Sc+R
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC592FB157FDFAF8B6" attach="left" box="[579,588,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
and Rs stalked, from upper angle of cell as M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5F53B157FBFEF8B6" attach="left" box="[1087,1096,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
; M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5F03B157FBCEF8B6" attach="left" box="[1135,1144,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
and M
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5FA8B157FB7BF8B6" attach="left" box="[1220,1229,1867,1881]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">3</subScript>
from lower angle of cell; Cu
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5BB0B171FF53F894" attach="left" box="[220,229,1901,1915]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">1</subScript>
and Cu
<subScript id="17B234FEFF8CFFEC5A5BB171FEF6F894" attach="left" box="[311,320,1901,1915]" fontSize="6" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
before lower angle of cell.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFED5BD1B199FB56FEC8" blockId="40.[136,1451,1682,1984]" lastBlockId="41.[136,1451,237,434]" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="204" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Male genitalia. Uncus near triangular, covered with setae dorsally; gnathos semicircular, apex suffused with minute spines; tegumen broad, with sclerotized dorsal ridge reversed Y-shaped; valva broad, a sclerotized process present at sacculus; vinculum broad; saccus round; coremata present; juxta plate-like, sclerotized; aedeagus strong, vesica with minute spinules, manica with a tuft of coarse spines; ductus ejaculatorius from the terminal of aedeagus.</paragraph>
<footnote id="E82D2AB5FF8CFFEC5BE4BE36FD93F7AF" box="[136,549,2090,2112]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8CFFEC5BE4BE36FD93F7AF" blockId="40.[136,549,2090,2112]" box="[136,549,2090,2112]" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">
©
<emphasis id="B942EAA9FF8CFFEC5BCCBE37FEC8F7AF" box="[160,382,2091,2112]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="203">Zoological Systematics</emphasis>
, 39 (2): 163208
</paragraph>
</footnote>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8DFFED5BD1B72EFC18FE83" blockId="41.[136,1451,237,434]" pageId="41" pageNumber="204">Female genitalia. Anal papillae slender, covered with setae; apophyses anterioris and posterioris slender; ductus bursae membranous, much longer than corpus bursae; corpus bursae round.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8DFFED5BD1B76BFE4BFE60" blockId="41.[136,1451,237,434]" box="[189,509,375,399]" pageId="41" pageNumber="204">
Distribution.
<collectingRegion id="49F2F859FF8DFFED5A20B76BFE41FE60" box="[332,503,375,399]" country="Egypt" name="Ash Sharqiyah" pageId="41" pageNumber="204">Oriental Region</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8936BBFF8DFFED5BD1B786FBFBFE5E" blockId="41.[136,1451,237,434]" box="[189,1101,410,434]" pageId="41" pageNumber="204">
Remarks. The genus comprises only one species, distributed in
<collectingCountry id="F321762BFF8DFFED580FB786FC15FE5D" box="[867,931,410,434]" name="China" pageId="41" pageNumber="204">China</collectingCountry>
and south Asia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>