167 lines
20 KiB
XML
167 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="6C5652D771C42FBA0EA0EBD6EDB8A4E3" ID-CLB-Dataset="22144" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.309" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4e7bcd4d-1cdb-45cf-b2c3-54da2466f171" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3827189" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589468946001" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Herbert, David G." docDate="2017" docId="039F87A5675CFF874D64FDF0FDB5FA05" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-309.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 309" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Microkerkus Godwin-Austen 1912" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFA6FFDD6747FF9C4F79FFC5FFA2FFF9" masterDocTitle="A new genus and eight new species of tail-wagger snails from eastern South Africa, with a key to genera within Sheldonia s. l. (Gastropoda: Urocyclidae)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698839690494" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="2FED49B7BDA295A0031A13D8A8FCF7D9">A new genus and eight new species of tail-wagger snails from eastern South Africa, with a key to genera within Sheldonia s. l. (Gastropoda: Urocyclidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3ECA0A89B38EDFC29DB4D19B5796DF39" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="2846AC05949FE0677D751888CE31AF17">Herbert, David G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D2E5FDE87CDC89A5EAA24580CEE70A39">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="056C059ED82018EC088B6B140DC0D454">
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<mods:date id="3CE3614F4A2699C013113574CB12C627">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0EC2A374C343A9DBAB0EA57988B613B1">2017-04-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="584D10EC943322A9B854838A0EBE75F5">309</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BC6A2A4FC2F6BAA1CDC780FB32774C9D" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.309</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="039F87A5675CFF874D64FDF0FDB5FA05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3846874" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164151026" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3846874" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039F87A5675CFF874D64FDF0FDB5FA05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039F87A5675CFF874D64FDF0FDB5FA05" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<subSubSection id="C32C6538675CFF874D64FDF0FBB5FDB6" box="[541,1047,564,591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874D64FDF0FBB5FDB6" blockId="27.[541,1047,564,591]" box="[541,1047,564,591]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0C181DF675CFF874D64FDF0FBB5FDB6" box="[541,1047,564,591]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874D16FDF1FBB5FDB6" ID-CoL="7P8WJ" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1912" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1912" box="[623,1047,564,591]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874D16FDF1FCA8FDB6" bold="true" box="[623,778,564,591]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Microkerkus</emphasis>
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Godwin-Austen, 1912
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32C6538675CFF874FC4FDBCFD09FD6A" box="[189,683,633,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874FC4FDBCFD09FD6A" blockId="27.[189,1398,633,697]" box="[189,683,633,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB26119D675CFF874FC4FDBCFD09FD6A" box="[189,683,633,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710A2675CFF874FC4FDBCFD05FD6A" author="Godwin-Austen H. H." box="[189,679,633,659]" page="128" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874FC4FDBCFD05FD6A" ID-CoL="7P8WJ" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1912 a: 128" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityPageNumber="128" authorityYear="1912" box="[189,679,633,659]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874FC4FDBCFEF2FD6A" box="[189,336,633,659]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Microkerkus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874E2EFDBCFD05FD6A" author="Godwin-Austen H. H." box="[343,679,633,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="122 - 139" refId="ref23603" refString="Godwin-Austen H. H. 1912 a. A review of the South-African land-Mollusca belonging to the family Zonitidae - Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 9: 122 - 139. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18638879 [accessesd 7 Mar. 2017]." type="journal article" year="1912">Godwin-Austen, 1912a: 128</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32C6538675CFF874DCBFDBCFDEDFD40" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874DCBFDBCFDEDFD40" blockId="27.[189,1398,633,697]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<typeStatus id="548D8811675CFF874DCBFDBCFD4EFD6A" box="[690,748,633,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874C36FDBCFB66FD6A" authority="Craven, 1880" authorityName="Craven" authorityYear="1880" box="[847,1220,633,659]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="symmetrica">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874C36FDBCFBBEFD6A" box="[847,1052,633,659]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Helix symmetrica</emphasis>
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Craven, 1880
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</taxonomicName>
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, by subsequent designation (
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9710A2675CFF874E2DFD5AFDE0FD40" author="Connolly M." box="[340,578,671,697]" page="111" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874E2DFD5AFDE0FD40" author="Connolly M." box="[340,578,671,697]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="59 - 306" refId="ref23370" refString="Connolly M. 1912. A revised reference list of South African non-marine Mollusca; with descriptions of new species in the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum 11: 59 - 306." type="journal article" year="1912">Connolly 1912: 111</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C32C6538675CFF874FC4FD21FDB5FA05" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874FC4FD21FE8DFD07" blockId="27.[189,303,740,766]" box="[189,303,740,766]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<heading id="D0C181DF675CFF874FC4FD21FE8DFD07" bold="true" box="[189,303,740,766]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874FC4FD21FE8DFD07" bold="true" box="[189,303,740,766]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874FC4FCD3FC2CFABF" blockId="27.[189,1399,789,1350]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874FC4FCD3FEC8FCD6" author="Watson H." box="[189,362,789,816]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="150 - 193" refId="ref24356" refString="Watson H. 1934. Natalina and other South African snails. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 21: 150 - 193." type="journal article" year="1934">Watson (1934)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874E0DFCD0FD96FCD6" author="Connolly M." box="[372,564,789,815]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 660" refId="ref23445" refString="Connolly M. 1939. A monographic survey of South African non-marine Mollusca. Annals of the South African Museum 33: 1 - 660." type="journal article" year="1939">Connolly (1939)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874D10FCD0FD4DFCC9" author="Zilch A." box="[617,751,789,816]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref24381" refString="Zilch A. 1959 - 60. Euthyneura. In: Wenz W. (ed.) Gastropoda. Handbuch der Palaozoologie 6 (2). Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin." type="journal volume" year="1959">
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Zilch (
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<date id="FF881073675CFF874DCDFCD0FD4DFCC9" box="[692,751,789,816]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1959" valueMax="1960">1959</date>
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</bibRefCitation>
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–60) treated
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874CF9FCD0FBB1FCD6" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1912" box="[896,1043,789,815]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874CF9FCD0FBB1FCD6" box="[896,1043,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Microkerkus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874BAFFCD0FACDFCD6" baseAuthorityName="Herbert" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[1238,1391,789,815]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Kerkophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874BAFFCD0FACDFCD6" box="[1238,1391,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kerkophorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a conclusion justified by the minimal diagnosis provided by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874CE8FCFEFB16FCAC" author="Godwin-Austen H. H." box="[913,1204,827,853]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="122 - 139" refId="ref23603" refString="Godwin-Austen H. H. 1912 a. A review of the South-African land-Mollusca belonging to the family Zonitidae - Part I. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 9: 122 - 139. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18638879 [accessesd 7 Mar. 2017]." type="journal article" year="1912">Godwin-Austen (1912a)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, there are consistent differences in the morphology of the male distal genitalia of
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874B49FCA4FB61FC82" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1912" box="[1072,1219,865,891]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874B49FCA4FB61FC82" box="[1072,1219,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Microkerkus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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that clearly set it apart from
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874E21FC42FE53FC58" baseAuthorityName="Herbert" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[344,497,903,929]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Kerkophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874E21FC42FE53FC58" box="[344,497,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kerkophorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and other members of
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874C7AFC42FC01FC58" box="[771,931,903,929]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874C7AFC42FCDAFC58" authorityName="Ancey" authorityYear="1887" box="[771,888,903,929]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Sheldonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" sensu="lato">Sheldonia</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27157DA675CFF874CF9FC42FC01FC58" box="[896,931,903,929]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" sensu="lato">s.l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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Specifically, the epiphallus is generally longer, the caecum is small, globose rather than elongate, and it is situated more or less in the middle of the epiphallus, rather than adjacent to the penial retractor muscle. Furthermore, the tail of the spermatophore is bifid, comprising a spinose element and a secondary smooth element that branches from it. In terms of the relative length of the two elements of the spermatophore tail,
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874B74FBE5FB02FBC3" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1912" box="[1037,1184,1056,1082]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874B74FBE5FB02FBC3" box="[1037,1184,1056,1082]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Microkerkus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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appears divisible into two groups. Typically, after the bifurcation the smooth element is much longer than the spinose element (
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874E56FBA8FE4FFB7F" baseAuthorityName="Craven" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[303,493,1133,1158]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="symmetricus">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874E56FBA8FE4FFB7F" box="[303,493,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. symmetricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874E86FBA8FC30FB7F" authority="(Connolly, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Connolly" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[511,914,1132,1158]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="maseruensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874E86FBA8FD19FB7F" box="[511,699,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. maseruensis</emphasis>
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||
(Connolly, 1929)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874CAAFBA8FABDFB7E" authority="(Benson, 1864))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[979,1311,1132,1159]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arnotti">
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<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874CAAFBA8FBEDFB7F" box="[979,1103,1133,1158]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. arnotti</emphasis>
|
||
(Benson, 1864))
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, but in others the two elements, after splitting, are more or less equal in length (
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874B65FB56FEA6FB2A" authority="(Godwin-Austen, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Godwin-Austen" baseAuthorityYear="1914" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="burnupi">
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||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874B65FB56FB00FB55" box="[1052,1186,1170,1196]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. burnupi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874BCBFB57FF59FB2A" author="Godwin-Austen H. H." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="449 - 472" refId="ref23721" refString="Godwin-Austen H. H. 1914. A review of the South-African land-Mollusca belonging to the family Zonitidae - Part III. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 13: 449 - 472. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18641208 [accessed 9 Mar. 2017]." type="journal article" year="1914">Godwin-Austen, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874E69FB7CFDCFFB2A" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1857)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[272,621,1208,1235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="leucospira">
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||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874E69FB7CFE11FB2A" box="[272,435,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. leucospira</emphasis>
|
||
(Pfeiffer, 1857)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874DDFFB7CFBC3FB2A" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1912" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1912" box="[678,1121,1208,1235]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pondoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874DDFFB7CFCF3FB2A" box="[678,849,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. pondoensis</emphasis>
|
||
Godwin-Austen, 1912
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). This difference is also evident in the morphology of the flagellum, the latter group having a clearly bifid flagellum. (The figure of the genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874EE7FAC3FDF8FAE6" baseAuthorityName="Craven" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[414,602,1286,1311]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Microkerkus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="symmetricus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874EE7FAC3FDF8FAE6" box="[414,602,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">M. symmetricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA74B42675CFF874DAFFAC0FC46FAE6" author="Godwin-Austen H. H." box="[726,996,1285,1311]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="449 - 472" refId="ref23721" refString="Godwin-Austen H. H. 1914. A review of the South-African land-Mollusca belonging to the family Zonitidae - Part III. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 13: 449 - 472. Available from http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 18641208 [accessed 9 Mar. 2017]." type="journal article" year="1914">Godwin-Austen (1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 19, fig. 2) is almost certainly misidentified and in fact represent a species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C364D30675CFF874D9DFAEEFCDFFABC" baseAuthorityName="Herbert" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[740,893,1323,1349]" class="Gastropoda" family="Urocyclidae" genus="Kerkophorus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B942EAA1675CFF874D9DFAEEFCDFFABC" box="[740,893,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Kerkophorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8936B3675CFF874FC4FAAAFDB5FA05" blockId="27.[189,1398,1391,1532]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Shell morphology is variable; the shell surface may be lustreless or glossy, the protoconch smooth or spirally lirate, but always lacks punctations; the umbilicus may be relatively broad, narrowly rimate or absent; the coloration is usually uniform, though the apical whorls may be paler, and there is never a brown peripheral spiral band.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |