398 lines
51 KiB
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398 lines
51 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B2BF11C877A4A12476E4D48C0B72E360">A new integrated morpho- and molecular systematic classification of Cenozoic radiolarians (Class Polycystinea) - suprageneric taxonomy and logical nomenclatorial acts</mods:title>
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<treatment id="038DDA73FF81FE2005C1FD24FA494C82" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5106712" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183733818" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5106712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DDA73FF81FE2005C1FD24FA494C82" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038DDA73FF81FE2005C1FD24FA494C82" lastPageNumber="424" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
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<heading id="D0D3DC09FF81FE2005C1FD24FD6E4C7C" box="[244,663,757,784]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" reason="3">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200470FD27FD6E4C7C" authority="Haeckel, 1882" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[325,663,757,784]" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">
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PHACODISCIDAE
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2004CCFD24FD6E4C7C" author="HAECKEL E." box="[505,663,757,784]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="418 - 472" refId="ref179241" refString="HAECKEL E. 1882. - Entwurf eines Radiolarien-Systems auf Grund von Studien der Challenger-Radiolarien. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft 15: 418 - 472. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8700599" type="journal article" year="1882">Haeckel, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE2005B1FCE1FDFA4A23" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FCE1FE3F4CF4" blockId="21.[132,774,816,920]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
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Phacodiscida
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200425FCE1FE254C24" author="HAECKEL E." box="[272,476,816,840]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="418 - 472" refId="ref179241" refString="HAECKEL E. 1882. - Entwurf eines Radiolarien-Systems auf Grund von Studien der Challenger-Radiolarien. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft 15: 418 - 472. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8700599" type="journal article" year="1882">Haeckel, 1882: 456</bibRefCitation>
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[as a subfamily]; 1887: 409, 419-421 [as a family]. —
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200449FC9AFDBD4C0F" author="BUTSCHLI O." box="[380,580,843,867]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1946 - 2004" refId="ref170184" refString="BUTSCHLI O. 1889. - Kurze Ubersicht des Systems der Radiolaria, in BRONN H. G. & HOFFMANN C. K. (eds), Dr. H. G. Bronn's Klassen und Ordnungen des Thier-Reichs. Infusoria und System der Radiolaria, Band 1, Protozoa. Vol. 3. C. F. Winter'sche Verlagshandlung, Leipzig und Heidelberg: 1946 - 2004. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14134" type="book chapter" year="1889">Bütschli 1889: 1958</bibRefCitation>
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[as a family]. —
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<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2007DDFC9AFCFF4C0E" box="[744,774,843,866]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">nec</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005B1FCB7FEE24C11" author="RUST D." box="[132,283,869,893]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="107 - 179" refId="ref194567" refString="RUST D. 1892. - Beitrage zur Kenntnis der fossilen Radiolarien aus Gesteinen der Trias und der palaeozoischen Schichten. Palaeontographica 38: 107 - 179. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33193870" type="journal article" year="1892">Rüst 1892: 165</bibRefCitation>
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[as a family]. —
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2004F5FCB4FD914C11" author="SCHRODER O." box="[448,616,869,893]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref196432" refString="SCHRODER O. 1909. - Die nordischen Spumellarian: Unterlegion Sphaerellaria, in BRANDT K. & APSTEIN C. (eds), Nordisches Plankton. Vol. 17. Lipsius und Tischer, Kiel and Leipzig, Germany: 1 - 66." type="book chapter" year="1909">Schröder 1909: 3</bibRefCitation>
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[as a family]. — Anderson 1983: 24 [as a family].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FC60FE144CA5" blockId="21.[132,493,945,969]" box="[132,493,945,969]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
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Phacodisciden –
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20041FFC60FE134CA5" author="HAECKER V." box="[298,490,945,969]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="114 - 126" refId="ref179408" refString="HAECKER V. 1907. - Altertumliche Spharellarien und Cyrtellarien aus grossen Meerestiefen. Archiv fur Protistenkunde 10: 114 - 126. https: // archive. org / details / bub _ gb _ tw 4 BAAAAYAAJ / page / n 6" type="journal article" year="1907">Haecker 1907: 123</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FC32FD9D4A6F" blockId="21.[131,777,995,1283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2005B1FC32FEF44C97" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[132,269,995,1019]" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Phacodiscidae</taxonomicName>
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–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20041EFC32FE154C97" author="HAECKER V." box="[299,492,995,1019]" page="444" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20041EFC32FE154C97" author="HAECKER V." box="[299,492,995,1019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="336 - 476" refId="ref179452" refString="HAECKER V. 1908. - Tiefsee-Radiolarien. Spezieller Teil. Die Tripyleen, Collodarienund Mikroradiolarien der Tiefsee, in CHUN C. (ed.), Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valdivia ", 1898 - 1899. Vol. 14, Jena, Germany: 336 - 476. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 3441590" type="book chapter" year="1908">Haecker 1908: 444</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20072FFC32FD1B4C97" author="POPOFSKY A." box="[538,738,995,1019]" page="126" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1912">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20072FFC32FD1B4C97" author="POPOFSKY A." box="[538,738,995,1019]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="73 - 159" refId="ref192614" refString="POPOFSKY A. 1912. - Die Sphaerellarien des Warmwassergebietes, in DRYGALSKI E. (ed.), Deutsche Sudpolar-Expedition, 1901 - 1903. Vol. 13. Georg Reimer, Berlin, Germany: 73 - 159. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 2138893" type="book chapter" year="1912">Popofsky 1912: 126</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
. —
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE2005B3FC2CFE554B79" author="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S." box="[134,428,1021,1045]" page="38" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1942">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005B3FC2CFE554B79" author="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S." box="[134,428,1021,1045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 112" refId="ref172481" refString="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S. 1942. - Eocene radiolarian faunas from the Monte Diablo area, California. Geological Society of America, special Papers 39: 1 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / SPE 39" type="journal article" year="1942">Clark & Campbell 1942: 38</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20048EFC2CFDE04B79" author="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S." box="[443,537,1021,1045]" page="20" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1945">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20048EFC2CFDE04B79" author="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S." box="[443,537,1021,1045]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref172530" refString="CLARK B. L. & CAMPBELL A. S. 1945. - Radiolaria from the Kreyenhagen Formation near Los Banos, California. Geological Society of America, Memoir 101: i-vii, 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / MEM 10" type="journal article" year="1945">1945: 20</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20077DFC2CFF0B4B5C" author="CAMPBELL A. S. & CLARK B. L." page="14" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1944">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20077DFC2CFF0B4B5C" author="CAMPBELL A. S. & CLARK B. L." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref170908" refString="CAMPBELL A. S. & CLARK B. L. 1944 b. - Miocene radiolarian faunas from southern California. Geological Society of America, special Papers 51: 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1130 / SPE 51" type="journal article" year="1944">Campbell & Clark 1944b: 14</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200416FBC9FE3B4B43" author="CAMPBELL A. S." box="[291,450,1047,1072]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="11 - 195" refId="ref170808" refString="CAMPBELL A. S. 1954. - Radiolaria, in MOORE R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part. D, Protista 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence / Kansas: 11 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1954">Campbell 1954</bibRefCitation>
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||
: D78. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200707FBC9FD1B4B5C" author="ORLEV Y. A." box="[562,738,1047,1072]" page="443" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1959">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200707FBC9FD1B4B5C" author="ORLEV Y. A." box="[562,738,1047,1072]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref190474" refString="ORLEV Y. A. 1959. - Principles of Paleontology, General Part and Protozoa, Moscow, 482 p. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1959">Orlev 1959: 443</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE2005B3FBE3FEBD4B26" author="CHEDIYA D. M." box="[134,324,1074,1098]" page="124" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1959">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005B3FBE3FEBD4B26" author="CHEDIYA D. M." box="[134,324,1074,1098]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref172052" refString="CHEDIYA D. M. 1959. - Obzor Sistematiki Radiolyarii, Tadzhikskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet, Stalingrad, 330 and corrigenda p. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1959">Chediya 1959: 124</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200459FBE3FDDD4B26" author="RIEDEL W. R." box="[364,548,1074,1098]" page="294" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200459FBE3FDDD4B26" author="RIEDEL W. R." box="[364,548,1074,1098]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="148 - 149" refId="ref193711" refString="RIEDEL W. R. 1967 b. - Some new families of Radiolaria. Proceedings of the geological Society of London 1640: 148 - 149." type="journal article" year="1967">Riedel 1967b: 294</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; 1971: 653. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20078AFBE3FF014B08" author="NIGRINI C." page="1065" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1974">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20078AFBE3FF014B08" author="NIGRINI C." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1051 - 1121" refId="ref188502" refString="NIGRINI C. 1974. - Cenozoic Radiolaria from the Arabian Sea, DSDP Leg 23, in DAVIES T. A., LUYENDYK B. P. et al. (eds), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 26. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.: 1051 - 1121. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 26.233.1974" type="book chapter" year="1974">Nigrini 1974: 1065</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200428FB9DFDE24B08" author="NAKASEKO K. & YAO A. & ICHIKAWA K." box="[285,539,1100,1124]" page="169" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1975">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200428FB9DFDE24B08" author="NAKASEKO K. & YAO A. & ICHIKAWA K." box="[285,539,1100,1124]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="154 - 185" refId="ref188306" refString="NAKASEKO K., YAO A. & ICHIKAWA K. 1975. - Chapter 10. Protozoa. 4. Radiolaria, in TAKAYANAGI Y. & OMORI M. (eds), Particulars of Paleontology. Volume 2. Invertebrate Fossils 1. Vol. 2. Tsukiji Shokan, Tokyo: 154 - 185. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="1975">
|
||
Nakaseko
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2004B7FB9CFE494B08" box="[386,432,1100,1124]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">et al.</emphasis>
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1975: 169
|
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200775FB9DFF144B13" author="NAKASEKO K. & SUGANO K." page="125" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200775FB9DFF144B13" author="NAKASEKO K. & SUGANO K." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="67 - 137" refId="ref188264" refString="NAKASEKO K. & SUGANO K. 1976. - 7. Radiolaria, in ASANO K. (ed.), Micropaleontology. Vol. 1. Asakura Shoten, Tokyo: 67 - 137. [in Japanese]" type="book chapter" year="1976">Nakaseko & Sugano 1976: 125</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200422FBB6FDE14B13" author="TAN Z. Y. & TCHANG T. R." box="[279,536,1127,1151]" page="241" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200422FBB6FDE14B13" author="TAN Z. Y. & TCHANG T. R." box="[279,536,1127,1151]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="217 - 310" refId="ref199915" refString="TAN Z. Y. & TCHANG T. R. 1976. - Studies on the Radiolaria of the East China Sea. II Spumellaria, Nassellaria, Phaeodaria, Sticholonchea. Studia marina sinica 11: 217 - 310. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1976">Tan & Tchang 1976: 241</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200776FBB6FF094BF5" author="RIEDEL W. R. & SANFILIPPO A." page="864" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1977">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200776FBB6FF094BF5" author="RIEDEL W. R. & SANFILIPPO A." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="847 - 912" refId="ref194090" refString="RIEDEL W. R. & SANFILIPPO A. 1977. - Cainozoic Radiolaria, in RAMSAY A. T. S. (ed.), Oceanic Micropalaeontology. Vol. 2. Academic Press, London / New York / San Francisco: 847 - 912." type="book chapter" year="1977">Riedel & Sanfilippo 1977: 864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20042BFB50FE104BF6" author="DUMITRICA P." box="[286,489,1153,1178]" page="21" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20042BFB50FE104BF6" author="DUMITRICA P." box="[286,489,1153,1178]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="9 - 35" refId="ref174122" refString="DUMITRICA P. 1979. - Clasa Actinopoda, in NEAGU T. (ed.), Micropaleontologie. Protozoare. Editura Technica, Bucharest, Romania: 9 - 35." type="book chapter" year="1979">Dumitrica 1979: 21</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE20072CFB53FF644BD8" author="KOZUR H. & MOSTLER H." page="35" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20072CFB53FF644BD8" author="KOZUR H. & MOSTLER H." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 132" refId="ref183303" refString="KOZUR H. & MOSTLER H. 1979. - Beitrage zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil III: Die Oberfamilien Actinommacea HAECKEL 1862 emend., Artiscacea HAECKEL 1882, Multiarcusellacea nov. der Spumellaria und triassische Nassellaria. Geologisch Palaontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 9 (1 / 2): 1 - 132." type="journal article" year="1979">Kozur & Mostler 1979: 35</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20059BFB4CFECA4BD8" authority="emend." box="[174,307,1180,1204]" class="Polycystina" family="Theoperidae" genus="Calocyclas" kingdom="Chromista" order="Nassellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="411" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="sensu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20059BFB4CFF244BD8" box="[174,221,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
emend.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200453FB4DFDC34BD8" author="TAN Z. Y. & SU X. H." box="[358,570,1180,1204]" page="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1982">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200453FB4DFDC34BD8" author="TAN Z. Y. & SU X. H." box="[358,570,1180,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="129 - 216" refId="ref199834" refString="TAN Z. Y. & SU X. H. 1982. - Studies on the Radiolaria in sediments of the East China Sea (Continental Shelf). Studia marina sinica 19: 129 - 216. [in Chinese]" type="journal article" year="1982">Tan & Su 1982: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. — Anderson 1983: 38. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE2005FCFB67FE744BA2" author="TAKAHASHI K." box="[201,397,1206,1230]" page="89" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005FCFB67FE744BA2" author="TAKAHASHI K." box="[201,397,1206,1230]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 303" refId="ref199260" refString="TAKAHASHI K. 1991. - Radiolaria: Flux, Ecology, and Taxonomy in the Pacific and Atlantic, in HONJO S. (ed.), Ocean Biocoenosis Series. Vol. 3. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts: 1 - 303. https: // doi. org / 10.1575 / 1912 / 408" type="book chapter" year="1991">Takahashi 1991: 89</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200482FB67FD5B4BA2" author="CHEN M. & TAN Z." box="[439,674,1206,1230]" page="151" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200482FB67FD5B4BA2" author="CHEN M. & TAN Z." box="[439,674,1206,1230]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref172123" refString="CHEN M. & TAN Z. 1996. - Radiolaria from Surface Sediments of the Central and Northern South China Sea. Scene Publishing House, Beijing, 271 p. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="1996">Chen & Tan 1996: 151</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE2007FEFB67FF194B85" author="HOLLIS C. J." page="40" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2007FEFB67FF194B85" author="HOLLIS C. J." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 152" refId="ref180673" refString="HOLLIS C. J. 1997. - Cretaceous-Paleocene Radiolaria from eastern Marlborough, New Zealand. Institute of geological and nuclear Sciences, Monograph 17: 1 - 152." type="journal article" year="1997">Hollis 1997: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200438FB00FE224B85" author="BOLTOVSKOY D." box="[269,475,1233,1257]" page="31" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200438FB00FE224B85" author="BOLTOVSKOY D." box="[269,475,1233,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref169299" refString="BOLTOVSKOY D. 1998. - Classification and distribution of south Atlantic recent polycystine Radiolaria. Palaeontologia Electronica 1 (2.6 A): https: // doi. org / 10.26879 / 98006" type="journal volume" year="1998">Boltovskoy 1998: 31</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200733FB00FD624B85" author="TAN Z. Y." box="[518,667,1233,1257]" page="203" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200733FB00FD624B85" author="TAN Z. Y." box="[518,667,1233,1257]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref199669" refString="TAN Z. Y. 1998. - Phylum Protozoa. Class Sacodina. Order Acantharia. Order Spumellaria, Fauna Sinica, Protozoa, 315 p. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="1998">Tan 1998: 203</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE2007F3FB00FED04A6F" author="TAN Z. Y. & CHEN M. H." page="204" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="1999">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2007F3FB00FED04A6F" author="TAN Z. Y. & CHEN M. H." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 404" refId="ref199746" refString="TAN Z. Y. & CHEN M. H. 1999. - Offshore Radiolaria in China. China. Scientific Publications, 1 - 404 p. [in Chinese]" type="book chapter" year="1999">Tan & Chen 1999: 204</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A854D74FF81FE200467FB3AFD984A6F" author="ANDERSON O. R. & NIGRINI C. & BOLTOVSKOY D. & TAKAHASHI K. & SWANBERG N. R." box="[338,609,1259,1283]" page="1002" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200467FB3AFD984A6F" author="ANDERSON O. R. & NIGRINI C. & BOLTOVSKOY D. & TAKAHASHI K. & SWANBERG N. R." box="[338,609,1259,1283]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="994 - 1022" refId="ref167580" refString="ANDERSON O. R., NIGRINI C., BOLTOVSKOY D., TAKAHASHI K. & SWANBERG N. R. 2002. - Class Polycystinea, in LEE J. J., LEEDALE G. F. & BRADBURY P. (eds), The Second Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Society of Protozoologists, Lawrence, Kansas: 994 - 1022." type="book chapter" year="2002">
|
||
Anderson
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200482FB3DFE1F4A6F" box="[439,486,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002: 1002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FACCFDFA4A23" blockId="21.[130,773,1309,1359]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
Phacodiscinae –
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200428FACCFE484A59" author="CAMPBELL A. S." box="[285,433,1309,1333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="11 - 195" refId="ref170808" refString="CAMPBELL A. S. 1954. - Radiolaria, in MOORE R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part. D, Protista 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence / Kansas: 11 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1954">Campbell 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: D78. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20073BFACCFF144A23" author="PETRUSHEVSKAYA M. G. & KOZLOVA G. E." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="495 - 648" refId="ref192143" refString="PETRUSHEVSKAYA M. G. & KOZLOVA G. E. 1972. - Radiolaria: Leg 14, Deep Sea Drilling Project, in HAYES D. E., PIMM A. C. et al. (eds), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 14. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.: 495 - 648. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 14.116.1972" type="book chapter" year="1972">Petrushevskaya & Kozlova 1972: 522</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. —
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200423FAE6FE064A23" author="DUMITRICA P." box="[278,511,1335,1359]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="91 - 102" refId="ref174277" refString="DUMITRICA P. 1984. - Systematics of Sphaerellarian radiolarian, in PETRUSHEVSKAYA M. G. & STEPANJANTS S. D. (eds), Morphology, ecology and evolution of radiolarians. Material from the IV symposium of European radiolarists EURORAD IV. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, USSR: 91 - 102. [in Russian]" type="proceedings paper" year="1984">Dumitrica 1984: 96-97</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE2005B1FAB8FCFF4900" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FAB8FEAC4ADA" blockId="21.[132,775,1385,1462]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549FD5C7FF81FE2005B1FAB8FF4C4A13" box="[132,181,1385,1408]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">TYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
GENUS. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200418FAB8FD9C4AED" authority="Haeckel, 1882: 457" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[301,613,1385,1409]" class="Polycystina" family="Actinommidae" genus="Haliomma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="440" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="phacodiscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200418FAB8FE634AED" box="[301,410,1385,1409]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200494FAB8FD9C4AED" author="HAECKEL E." box="[417,613,1385,1409]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="418 - 472" refId="ref179241" refString="HAECKEL E. 1882. - Entwurf eines Radiolarien-Systems auf Grund von Studien der Challenger-Radiolarien. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft 15: 418 - 472. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8700599" type="journal article" year="1882">Haeckel, 1882: 457</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<typeStatus id="549FD5C7FF81FE200747FAB8FD674AED" box="[626,670,1385,1409]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species by subsequent designation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200440FA52FDF74AF7" author="CAMPBELL A. S." box="[373,526,1411,1435]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="11 - 195" refId="ref170808" refString="CAMPBELL A. S. 1954. - Radiolaria, in MOORE R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part. D, Protista 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence / Kansas: 11 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1954">Campbell 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: D78):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20076EFA52FEB34ADA" authority="Haeckel, 1887: 424" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityPageNumber="424" authorityYear="1887" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" genus="Phacodiscus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="species" species="rotula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20076EFA52FCFF4AF7" box="[603,774,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus rotula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005B1FA4FFEB34ADA" author="HAECKEL E." box="[132,330,1438,1462]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref179311" refString="HAECKEL E. 1887. - Report on the Radiolaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology 18: clxxxviii + 1803. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 23487916" type="url" year="1887">Haeckel, 1887: 424</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1FA01FCFF4900" blockId="21.[130,775,1487,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED35F3A0FF81FE2005B1FA01FF154A8A" box="[132,236,1488,1511]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">INCLUDED</collectionCode>
|
||
GENERA. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200446FA1EFD3A4A8B" authority="Ehrenberg, 1874: 246" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityPageNumber="246" authorityYear="1874" box="[371,707,1487,1511]" class="Polycystinea" family="Coccodiscidae" genus="Periphaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200446FA1EFE274A8B" box="[371,478,1487,1511]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Periphaena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2004D1FA1EFD3A4A8B" author="EHRENBERG C. G." box="[484,707,1487,1511]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="213 - 263" refId="ref176769" refString="EHRENBERG C. G. 1874. - Grossere Felsproben des Polycystinen-Mergels von Barbados mit weiteren Erlauterungen. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie derWissenschaften zu Berlin (1873): 213 - 263. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 35983332" type="journal article" year="1874">Ehrenberg, 1874: 246</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2007DFFA01FEFD496E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" class="Polycystinea" genus="Astrophacomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2007DFFA01FEFD496E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Astrophacomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20043AFA3BFE66496E" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[271,415,1514,1538]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Heliodiscomma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20043AFA3BFE66496E" box="[271,415,1514,1538]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Heliodiscomma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200770FA3BFF114970" author="SANFILIPPO A. & RIEDEL W. R." pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="475 - 611" refId="ref195369" refString="SANFILIPPO A. & RIEDEL W. R. 1973. - Cenozoic Radiolaria (exclusive of theoperids, artostrobiids and amphipyndacids) from the Gulf of Mexico, DSDP Leg 10, in WORZEL J. L., BRYANT W. et al. (eds), Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project. Vol. 10. U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.: 475 - 611. https: // doi. org / 10.2973 / dsdp. proc. 10.119.1973" type="book chapter" year="1973">Sanfilippo & Riedel 1973: 522</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2005DBF9D4FEC74970" box="[238,318,1541,1564]" class="Polycystinea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Perizona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Chromista" order="Synallactida" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2005DBF9D4FEC74970" box="[238,318,1541,1564]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Perizona</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2004EAF9D4FD274970" author="KOZUR H. & MOSTLER H." box="[479,734,1540,1564]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref183218" refString="KOZUR H. & MOSTLER H. 1972. - Beitrage zur Erforschung der mesozoischen Radiolarien. Teil I: Revision der Oberfamilie Coccodiscacea HAECKEL 1862 emend. und Beschreibung ihrer triassischen Vertreter. Geologisch Palaontologische Mitteilungen Innsbruck 2: 1 - 60." type="journal article" year="1972">Kozur & Mostler 1972: 19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2005B7F9CEFE4B495A" authority="Haeckel, 1882: 457" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[130,434,1566,1591]" class="Polycystina" family="Actinommidae" genus="Haliomma" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="440" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="species" species="phacodiscus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2005B7F9CEFF16495B" box="[130,239,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2005C3F9CEFE4B495A" author="HAECKEL E." box="[246,434,1566,1591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="418 - 472" refId="ref179241" refString="HAECKEL E. 1882. - Entwurf eines Radiolarien-Systems auf Grund von Studien der Challenger-Radiolarien. Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaft 15: 418 - 472. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 8700599" type="journal article" year="1882">Haeckel, 1882: 457</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2004FBF9CEFDB7495B" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[462,590,1567,1591]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Phacodiscinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2004FBF9CEFDB7495B" box="[462,590,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="549FD5C7FF81FE2007E8F9CEFCFE495B" box="[733,775,1567,1591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2005E1F9E8FEB7493D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[212,334,1593,1617]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Astrophacilla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2005E1F9E8FEB7493D" box="[212,334,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Astrophacilla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200460F9E8FE61493D" bold="true" box="[341,408,1593,1617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE200460F9E8FE61493D" box="[341,408,1593,1617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200493F9E8FDD6493D" box="[422,559,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Paracenodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200703F9E8FD80493D" bold="true" box="[566,633,1593,1617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE200703F9E8FD80493D" box="[566,633,1593,1617]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2007B2F9E8FCFE493D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[647,775,1593,1617]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Phacodisculus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2007B2F9E8FCFE493D" box="[647,775,1593,1617]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodisculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2005B1F985FF3C4900" bold="true" box="[132,197,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE2005B1F985FF3C4900" box="[132,197,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2005E5F982FEC84907" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[208,305,1619,1643]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Prunulum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2005E5F982FEC84907" box="[208,305,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Prunulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200403F985FE8E4900" bold="true" box="[310,375,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE200403F985FE8E4900" box="[310,375,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2004B7F982FE1E4907" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[386,487,1619,1643]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Prunuletta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2004B7F982FE1E4907" box="[386,487,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Prunuletta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2004D9F985FDD54900" bold="true" box="[492,556,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE2004D9F985FDD54900" box="[492,556,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20070DF982FD4A4907" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[568,691,1619,1643]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Sethodiscinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20070DF982FD4A4907" box="[568,691,1619,1643]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Sethodiscinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20078DF985FD014900" bold="true" box="[696,760,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2630A0CFF81FE20078DF985FD014900" box="[696,760,1620,1644]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE2005B1F957FD3249A2" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1F957FE3B49F1" blockId="21.[132,450,1669,1693]" box="[132,450,1669,1693]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
INVALID NAME. —
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20040BF954FE3B49F1" box="[318,450,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20040BF954FE4749F1" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[318,446,1669,1693]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Coccymelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">Coccymelium</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1F966FD3249A2" blockId="21.[132,715,1719,1743]" box="[132,715,1719,1743]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
NOMINA DUBIA. —
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200472F966FE1D49A3" box="[327,484,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Conophacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2004C5F966FDA349A3" box="[496,602,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Pentadiscus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200752F966FD3C49A3" box="[615,709,1719,1743]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Triadiscus</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE2005B1F938FD664887" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1F938FEB448D5" blockId="21.[132,776,1768,1977]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">DIAGNOSIS. — Shell roughly flat, consists of a large convex lensshaped latticed shell. Radial beams arise from the outer medullary shell and radiate to both sides of the equatorial plane. These beams are connected to the large latticed shell. Exterior structure outside of the large latticed shell absent or exclusively represented by a simple solid flat circular edge which is surrounded by distinctive solid arrowhead-like short spines. No structure extends to both sides of the equatorial plane.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE2005B1F802FD664887" blockId="21.[132,671,2003,2027]" box="[132,671,2003,2027]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">STRATIGRAPHIC OCCURRENCE. — Early Eocene-Living.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE200618FF09FAFB4D3D" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE200618FF09FC684F9C" blockId="21.[811,1456,216,593]" box="[813,913,216,242]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE200618FF26FAFB4D3D" blockId="21.[811,1456,216,593]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200618FF26FC5C4E7D" box="[813,933,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
shares a homeomorphous appearance to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200065FF26FCB54E5D" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1862" class="Polycystina" family="Heliodiscidae" genus="Heliodiscus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200065FF26FCB54E5D" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Heliodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
representatives without spines. The latter genus is a living form and has a characteristic microsphere, always eccentrically placed in the second inner shell (outer double medullary shell). The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2006E1FEA6FB924EFD" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[980,1131,375,401]" class="Polycystinea" family="Phacodiscidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="family">Phacodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are an extinct family, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200618FE47FC464EDC" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1882" box="[813,959,406,432]" class="Polycystina" family="Heliodiscidae" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Radiozoa" rank="family">Heliodiscidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a common component of living plankton.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20061BFE67FC5B4EBC" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1874" box="[814,930,438,464]" class="Polycystinea" family="Coccodiscidae" genus="Periphaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20061BFE67FC5B4EBC" box="[814,930,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Periphaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a special distinguishable pore near its center on one side of the cortical shell, probably an exit for the axoflagellum (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200696FE27FB2A4D7C" author="SUGIYAMA K. & FURUTANI H." box="[931,1235,502,528]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="199 - 213" refId="ref197506" refString="SUGIYAMA K. & FURUTANI H. 1992. - Middle Miocene radiolarians from the Oidawara formation, Mizunami Group, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum 19: 199 - 213." type="journal article" year="1992">Sugiyama & Furutani 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 16, fig. 6). The internal skeletal structure of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200151FDC7FB214D5C" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1874" box="[1124,1240,534,560]" class="Polycystinea" family="Coccodiscidae" genus="Periphaena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200151FDC7FB214D5C" box="[1124,1240,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Periphaena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been illustrated (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE200603FDE7FB994D3C" author="SUGIYAMA K. & FURUTANI H." box="[822,1120,566,592]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="199 - 213" refId="ref197506" refString="SUGIYAMA K. & FURUTANI H. 1992. - Middle Miocene radiolarians from the Oidawara formation, Mizunami Group, Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum 19: 199 - 213." type="journal article" year="1992">Sugiyama & Furutani 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 16, fig. 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33E38EEFF81FE200618FDA7FA494C82" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE200618FDA7FBF74DE2" blockId="21.[810,1456,630,1007]" box="[813,1038,630,656]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">VALIDITY OF GENERA</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE200618FD47FC494DDC" blockId="21.[810,1456,630,1007]" box="[813,944,662,688]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9B6B65FF81FE200618FD64FA494C82" blockId="21.[810,1456,630,1007]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">
|
||
The same
|
||
<typeStatus id="549FD5C7FF81FE2006A5FD67FC454DBC" box="[912,956,694,720]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species was designated for the following combinations of genera:
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2006E5FD04FBBF4D83" box="[976,1094,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20014CFD04FAFD4D83" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1145,1284,725,751]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Phacodiscinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20014CFD04FAFD4D83" box="[1145,1284,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200008FD04FA5E4D83" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[1341,1447,725,751]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Prunulum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200008FD04FA5E4D83" box="[1341,1447,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Prunulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE200618FD24FC604C63" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[813,921,757,783]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Prunuletta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200618FD24FC604C63" box="[813,921,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Prunuletta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE2006F2FD24FBB44C63" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[967,1101,757,783]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Coccymelium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE2006F2FD24FBB44C63" box="[967,1101,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Coccymelium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20016FFD24FB054C7C" author="HAECKEL E." box="[1114,1276,757,784]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref179311" refString="HAECKEL E. 1887. - Report on the Radiolaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology 18: clxxxviii + 1803. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 23487916" type="url" year="1887">Haeckel (1887)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
seems to propose new taxon name for differently oriented specimens in some cases.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2410E6FF81FE20065BFCE4FC0A4C23" authorityName="Haeckel" authorityYear="1887" box="[878,1011,821,847]" class="Polycystinea" genus="Sethodiscinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Spumellaria" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" phylum="Retaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20065BFCE4FC0A4C23" box="[878,1011,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Sethodiscinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered to have a simple medullary shell (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE20065CFC84FBF44C1C" author="CAMPBELL A. S." box="[873,1037,853,880]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" pagination="11 - 195" refId="ref170808" refString="CAMPBELL A. S. 1954. - Radiolaria, in MOORE R. C. (ed.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part. D, Protista 3. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence / Kansas: 11 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1954">Campbell 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: D78), but the innermost shell is known to be easily dissolved.
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200138FCA4FB7A4CE3" box="[1037,1155,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
is validated due to the oldest available name among them. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549FD5C7FF81FE2001A0FC44FB3B4CC3" box="[1173,1218,917,943]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">type</typeStatus>
|
||
image for
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE20000FFC44FA494CC3" box="[1338,1456,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
is poor (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB51694FF81FE2006B2FC64FBE54CA3" author="HAECKEL E." box="[903,1052,949,975]" pageId="21" pageNumber="424" refId="ref179311" refString="HAECKEL E. 1887. - Report on the Radiolaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H. M. S. Challenger, Zoology 18: clxxxviii + 1803. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 23487916" type="url" year="1887">Haeckel 1887</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. 35, fig. 7) but it is unfortunately “
|
||
<emphasis id="B950B777FF81FE200602FC05FC5E4C82" box="[823,935,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="424">Phacodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
” can be precisely identified by using this poor image.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |