259 lines
26 KiB
XML
259 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50243" ID-GBIF-Dataset="74661c04-2e97-44f5-af3a-defc06574636" ID-PMC="PMC7311480" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-941-145" ID-Pensoft-UUID="9EE0609334E554CA8D3FC5B7C59872A3" ID-PubMed="32595413" ID-ZooBank="57CFFFDD54934AD19C3CD727231AF29E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-941-145" checkinTime="1592452071475" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shepherd, Bart, Phelps, Tyler A. Y., Pinheiro, Hudson T., Rocha, Claudia R. & Rocha, Luiz A." docDate="2020" docId="ACE3522CC99C5170B48CBDE5B44115ED" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 941: 145-161" docOrigin="ZooKeys 941" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50243" docTitle="Plectranthias hinano Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="84A5C4AA-577B-4D79-BE21-8973EFDF7BE9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="9EE0609334E554CA8D3FC5B7C59872A3" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="9EE0609334E554CA8D3FC5B7C59872A3" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Plectranthias (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from mesophotic coral ecosystems in the tropical Central Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="161" masterPageNumber="145" pageNumber="145" updateTime="1668168962962" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Two new species of Plectranthias (Teleostei, Serranidae, Anthiadinae) from mesophotic coral ecosystems in the tropical Central Pacific</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Shepherd, Bart</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8918-1551</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bshepherd@calacademy.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Phelps, Tyler A. Y.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA & Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Pinheiro, Hudson T.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3143-1474</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Rocha, Claudia R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Rocha, Luiz A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ichthyology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4011-569X</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>941</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>145</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>161</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50243</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.941.50243</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-941-145</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">57CFFFDD54934AD19C3CD727231AF29E</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">9EE0609334E554CA8D3FC5B7C59872A3</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="164613266" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:84A5C4AA-577B-4D79-BE21-8973EFDF7BE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ACE3522CC99C5170B48CBDE5B44115ED" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="ACE3522C-C99C-5170-B48C-BDE5B44115ED" authority="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha, 2020" authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano" status="sp. nov.">Plectranthias hinano</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="145">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. holotype A shortly after death B preserved specimen C radiograph. Photographs by LA Rocha (A), A Gaisiner (B), and J Fong (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421777" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Figures 4</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living specimens of A Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. at Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences B Plectranthias cf. bennetti photographed at a depth of 120 m at Maloelap Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and C Plectranthias bennetti photographed in an aquarium. Photographs by T Wong (A), LA Rocha (B), and YK Tea (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421778" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Proportional measurements of type specimens of Plectranthias polygonius sp. nov., and Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. expressed as a percentage of the standard length." pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
Table 1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hinano’s">Hinano's</normalizedToken>
|
||
Perchlet
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="type locality">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Type locality.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Tahiti, French Polynesia</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
CAS 247195, field code: HTP909, GenBank MN922329. 49.6 mm SL, Tahiti, French Polynesia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-17.490833">17°29'27"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="149" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="-149.46693">149°28'01"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth of collection 98 m, collected with hand nets by B Shepherd, HT Pinheiro, TAY Phelps, MV Bell, and LA Rocha, 03 March 2019 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. holotype A shortly after death B preserved specimen C radiograph. Photographs by LA Rocha (A), A Gaisiner (B), and J Fong (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421777" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421777" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. holotype
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
|
||
shortly after death
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
|
||
preserved specimen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
|
||
radiograph. Photographs by LA Rocha (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
|
||
), A Gaisiner (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
|
||
), and J Fong (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="paratype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Paratype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
USNM 445723, field code: TAH007, GenBank MN922328. 28.0 mm SL, Tahiti, French Polynesia,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-17.616388">17°36'59"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="149" direction="west" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-149.62029">149°37'13"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, depth of collection 90 m, collected with hand nets by B Shepherd, HT Pinheiro, TAY Phelps, MV Bell, and LA Rocha, 28 February 2019.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. can be distinguished from all of its congeners by the following combination of characters: dorsal-fin rays X, 15, the last branched to base and counted as one; pectoral fin rays 11 or 12; vertebrae 10+16; lateral line complete with 29-30 tubed scales; gill rakers 7-8+12-13; ventral margin of preopercle with three antrorse spines; snout moderately long, 3.0-3.2 in HL, 12.3-14.2% SL, overall red coloration with two indistinct black spots along the base of dorsal fin, translucent yellow dorsal and anal-fin membranes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
Proportional measurements for the type specimens are presented in Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Proportional measurements of type specimens of Plectranthias polygonius sp. nov., and Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. expressed as a percentage of the standard length." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/43B032595C96D3F5A4A0AFC0A8CDAAA0" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" tableUuid="43B032595C96D3F5A4A0AFC0A8CDAAA0">1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Dorsal-fin rays X, 15; last soft ray branched to base and counted as one; first dorsal spine very short, 17.6 in SL (9.4); fourth dorsal spine longest, 5.5 in SL (third dorsal spine longest, 6.4 in SL); dorsal-fin base length 2.1 in SL (1.9); anal-fin rays III, 7; last soft ray branched to base and counted as one; anal-fin base 6.2 in SL (5.3); second anal spine longest and stoutest at 2.0 in HL (2.1); anal-fin origin at vertical beneath fourth dorsal-fin ray; pectoral-fin rays 11 (12), all unbranched, length 2.8 in SL (2.6); pelvic fin I, 5; pelvic-fin length 4.6 in SL (4.0); pelvic-spine length 2.4 in HL (2.3); caudal-fin procurrent rays 6+5; caudal-fin principal rays 9+8.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Body moderately elongate, laterally compressed; depth of body 2.9 in SL (3.0); width of body 2.1 in depth (2.4); head length 2.4 in SL (2.5); snout length 3.0 in HL (3.2); bony interorbital width 3.5 in snout length (2.3); orbit diameter 3.7 in HL (3.5); post-orbital head length 5.4 in SL (5.6); least depth of caudal-peduncle 3.7 in HL (3.4); caudal-peduncle length 4.0 in SL (4.1).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Scales ctenoid; lateral line complete and broadly arched over pectoral fin following body contour; 29 (30) tubed scales; scales above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 3; scales above lateral line to base of middle dorsal spine 2; scales below lateral line to origin of anal fin 12; diagonal rows of scales on cheek 4; scales on top of head extending anteriorly to vertical from center of eye; area on top of head between eyes with scales; no scales on chin, maxilla, or snout; circumpeduncular scales 12; gill rakers 8+13 (7+12); vertebrae 10+16; supraneurals 3; anterior supraneural-dorsal ray-pterygiophore-neural spine interdigitation pattern: 0/0+0/2/1+1/1.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Mouth large and terminal, slightly upturned; lower jaw protrudes slightly; maxilla expanded posteriorly, extending to below the posterior edge of pupil; upper jaw with one fixed, stout canine on either side of symphysis; upper canines flanked internally by villiform band with 7-9 irregular rows of depressible, smaller, sharp-tipped teeth; inner rows become progressively longer, innermost row with largest teeth; lower jaw has one large, fixed canine on either side of lower jaw, roughly at midpoint, followed by smaller, depressible, sharp-tipped conical teeth in a villiform band of 4-6 irregular rows, innermost teeth same size as outer rows; vomer roughly V-shaped band of two rows of similarly-sized, sharp-tipped, conical teeth; palatines with one row of small, sharp-tipped conical teeth anteriorly, two rows posteriorly; tongue small, slender, pointed, and without teeth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Opercle with three flat spines, the middle spine the longest; preopercle with 22 (12) small spines (serrae) along posterior margin; ventral (inferior) margin of preopercle with three antrorse spines; interopercle with no spines; subopercle smooth, with one spine on inferior margin; anterior nostrils positioned closer to eye than to snout, each with a small rounded flap rising from anterior rim; posterior nostrils an elliptical opening at anterior border of orbit.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="color in life">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Color in life.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Body</emphasis>
|
||
: overall light red in color; chest and belly mostly light red to pink; dorsal portion of body darker red with yellow along scale margins and lateral line; series of 8-12 pink to white incomplete bars on the body, originating just behind orbit and continuing to base of caudal fin; bars are approximately 20 degrees off of vertical anteriorly, becoming near vertical as they approach base of caudal fin; black spot, almost twice the diameter of orbit, at base of spinous dorsal-fin spines 7-10 and soft rays 1-5, continuing slightly more than halfway up membrane of spinous dorsal; black spot is interrupted by the near-vertical white bar originating below soft rays 1 or 2; smaller second black spot, slightly smaller than orbit, located at base of soft dorsal rays 11-15.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: snout, throat, anterior portion of lower lip, maxilla, and operculum mostly light pink; yellow stripe originating at snout, proceeding across maxilla, below orbit to preopercle; lattice-like network of indistinct yellow stripes radiating outward from pupil across iris, between eyes, across top of head, from ventral margin of orbit to origin of lateral line and lower margin of operculum; iris mostly pink with yellow splotches radiating outward from pupil; pupil black and teardrop-shaped, pointed anteriorly.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Fins</emphasis>
|
||
: spinous portion of dorsal fin predominantly translucent yellow, with upper half of black spot on membrane between spines 7-10; lower third of soft dorsal fin mostly translucent yellow, upper two-thirds hyaline; caudal-fin membranes mostly hyaline with some regions a faint transparent yellow, fin rays white with red margins; pelvic fins hyaline with faint yellow on rays; anal fin mostly translucent yellow with hyaline margins; pectoral fins hyaline with rays outlined in pink; base of pectoral fins yellow. Freshly dead specimens exhibit similar coloration, with slightly more yellow on head, body, and fins (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. holotype A shortly after death B preserved specimen C radiograph. Photographs by LA Rocha (A), A Gaisiner (B), and J Fong (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421777" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">4A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="color in alcohol">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Color in alcohol.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Light tan overall, with dark brown stippling in vertical bands along lateral sides of body, darkest brown along base of dorsal fin at location of black spots.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is named after Teurumereariki Hinano Teavai Murphy, former associate director of the University of California Berkeley Gump Research Station and president of the cultural association Te Pu Atitia, in honor of the significant contributions she has made supporting Polynesian biocultural heritage and field research in Moorea, French Polynesia. The name is a noun in the genitive case.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
The two specimens described in this paper, plus an individual that was retained for public aquarium exhibition, were collected respectively in Tahiti and Moorea, French Polynesia. A similar species was photographed at 120 m depth in Erikub Atoll, Republic of Marshall Islands, however specimens were not retained (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living specimens of A Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. at Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences B Plectranthias cf. bennetti photographed at a depth of 120 m at Maloelap Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and C Plectranthias bennetti photographed in an aquarium. Photographs by T Wong (A), LA Rocha (B), and YK Tea (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421778" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The Marshall Islands specimens lack the black markings along the dorsal-fin base, and thus more closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias bennetti" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Living specimens of A Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. at Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences B Plectranthias cf. bennetti photographed at a depth of 120 m at Maloelap Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and C Plectranthias bennetti photographed in an aquarium. Photographs by T Wong (A), LA Rocha (B), and YK Tea (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421778" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">5C</figureCitation>
|
||
), indicating that the latter may have a wider Pacific distribution and not just be restricted to the Coral Sea. All known individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. hinano" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. have been observed or collected in highly complex habitats on walls and ledges within MCEs (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Habitat of Plectranthias polygonius sp. nov. and Plectranthias hinano sp. nov. in A Tahiti, French Polynesia, depth of approximately 100 m, and B Erikub Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, depth of approximately 120 m. Photographs by LA Rocha." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421776" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">3</figureCitation>
|
||
), suggesting that the species does not inhabit shallow coral reefs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.941.50243.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/421778" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Living specimens of
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. at Steinhart Aquarium, California Academy of Sciences
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias bennetti" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennetti">Plectranthias cf. bennetti</taxonomicName>
|
||
photographed at a depth of 120 m at Maloelap Atoll, Republic of the Marshall Islands, and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias bennetti" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
photographed in an aquarium. Photographs by T Wong (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
|
||
), LA Rocha (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
|
||
), and YK Tea (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="145" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Comparisons.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="145">
|
||
The most similar barcode fragment of the mtDNA COI gene to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shepherd & Phelps & Pinheiro & Rocha & Rocha" authorityYear="2020" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serranidae" genus="Plectranthias" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectranthias hinano" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hinano">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">Plectranthias hinano</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Coral Sea (5.5% uncorrected pairwise genetic distance). Morphologically, it can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a longer snout (3.0-3.2 in HL vs. 4.4 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a larger orbit (3.5-3.7 in HL vs. 4.1 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), in the number of circumpeduncular scales (12 vs. 14 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the number of gill rakers (7-8 + 12-13, vs. 5+13 in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bennetti" pageId="0" pageNumber="145" rank="species" species="bennetti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="145">P. bennetti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and in coloration (by having two indistinct black spots along the base of the dorsal fin, and yellow dorsal and anal fin membranes).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |