212 lines
19 KiB
XML
212 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6581970" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bf493774-c2fb-44dc-aebd-bd351fc2d9f3" ID-ISBN="978-84-941892-3-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6581970" checkinTime="1653502759735" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson, Thomas E. Lacher, Jr & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2016" docId="123187A5FFFDFFA4FF19FC0AFAB03D8A" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_6_Abrocomidae_0488.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Abrocoma bennettii Waterhouse 1837" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="496" masterDocId="EE08FFDDFFFEFFA7FFD1FFD2FFA63001" masterDocTitle="Abrocomidae" masterLastPageNumber="497" masterPageNumber="488" pageNumber="496" updateTime="1671475536500" updateUser="donat">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Abrocomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2016</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2016-07-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 6 Lagomorphs and Rodents I</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>488</mods:start>
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<mods:end>497</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6581970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">bf493774-c2fb-44dc-aebd-bd351fc2d9f3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-941892-3-4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6581970</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6582075" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195631567" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6582075" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:123187A5FFFDFFA4FF19FC0AFAB03D8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/123187A5FFFDFFA4FF19FC0AFAB03D8A" lastPageNumber="496" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<heading pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<subSubSection box="[200,232,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[198,1199,984,1105]" box="[200,232,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<figureCitation box="[200,232,984,1026]" captionStart="Plate 29: Abrocomidae" captionStartId="2.[109,139,3407,3428]" captionTargetBox="[13,2741,15,3644]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Ashaninka Inca Rat (Cuscomys ashaninka), 2. Machu Picchu Inca Rat (Cuscomys oblativus), 3. Bolivian Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma boliviensis), 4. Bennett's Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma bennettn), 5. Ashy Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma cinerea), 6. Budin’s Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma budini), 7. Famatina Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma famatina), 8. Sierra del Tontal Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma schistacea), 9. Uspallata Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma uspallata), 10. Mendozan Chinchilla Rat (Abrocoma vaccarum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6582051" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6582051/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">4.</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[248,759,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[198,1199,984,1105]" box="[248,759,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<vernacularName box="[248,759,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Bennett's Chinchilla Rat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[828,1165,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[198,1199,984,1105]" box="[828,1165,984,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[828,1165,984,1026]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">
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<emphasis box="[828,1165,984,1026]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Abrocoma bennettii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[198,1199,984,1105]" box="[200,1198,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[200,275,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[283,503,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Abrocome de Bennett</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[524,615,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[624,819,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Chile-Chinchillaratte</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[841,931,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[942,1198,1044,1065]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Rata chinchilla de Bennett</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[198,1199,984,1105]" box="[199,670,1084,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,446,1084,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[455,670,1084,1105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Chilean Chinchilla Rat</vernacularName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[810,964,1153,1182]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Waterhouse" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" httpUri="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA6416-7865-FF8A-FF34-F96C4ECCA3D4" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bennettii">Abrocoma bennettii Waterhouse, 1837</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3783613302" country="Chile" location="Valparaiso" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Valparaiso">
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“
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<collectingCountry box="[917,991,1188,1221]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Chile</collectingCountry>
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.” Modified by G. R. Water house in 1839 based on C. Darwin’s restriction of “near old village of Aconcagua [= Plaza Vieja, ca.
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<locationDeviation bearing="270.0" box="[1063,1169,1311,1340]" distance="5000.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<quantity box="[1063,1130,1311,1340]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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W
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</locationDeviation>
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Los Andes],
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<collectingRegion country="Chile" name="Valparaiso" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Valparaiso</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry box="[929,1004,1346,1379]" name="Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Chile</collectingCountry>
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.”
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[811,1243,1386,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" box="[811,1243,1386,1419]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Two subspecies are recognized.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6582031" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6582031" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6582031/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" targetBox="[196,787,1163,1576]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" box="[812,1207,1429,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[812,1207,1429,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<taxonomicName authority="Waterhouse, 1837" authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[812,1255,1473,1498]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bennettn" subSpecies="bennettii">A.b.bennettiiWaterhouse,1837</taxonomicName>
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—CChile(Valparaiso,Santiago,andO'Higgins).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="3.[810,1403,1153,1576]" lastBlockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<taxonomicName authority="Wolffsohn, 1916" authorityName="Wolffsohn" authorityYear="1916" box="[812,1241,1551,1576]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bennettn" subSpecies="murrayi">A. b. murrayi Wolffsohn, 1916</taxonomicName>
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— N Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, and Coquimbo).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,445,1626,1655]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head—body 170-233 mm,tail 130-178 mm, ear 28-35 mm, hindfoot 31-40 mm; weight 150-307 g. Bennett's Chinchilla Ratis the largest species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[1274,1398,1662,1695]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Abrocoma</taxonomicName>
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. It is dark grayish brown above, with paler sides; venter is dark overall, with dark gray hairs washed with pale gray. Tail is covered with short hairs, not tufted at tip; it is dark brown above and below or with its basal one-halfslightly paler; and it is relatively long for the family (74-88% of head-body length). Feet are gray above and have blackish soles. Condylo-basal length of skull is 42-48 mm. Bennett's Chinchilla Rat has 17 pairs of ribs, more than found in other rodent species. All species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[1122,1245,1898,1931]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Abrocoma</taxonomicName>
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have small claws on forefeet and hindfeet. The subspecies murrayi is paler, with longer fur and a longertail than those of the nominate bennett.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[200,312,2016,2049]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Sandy soils in densely vegetated Matorral (Mediterranean climate) scrub and arid thornscrub, with deciduous and evergreen shrubs and understory herbs in western Chilean lowlands, and rocky cactus shrublands with bromeliads and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[1273,1405,2095,2128]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Euphorbia</taxonomicName>
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lactiflua (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Jussieu" authorityYear="1789" box="[330,545,2134,2167]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in arid coastal Chile. Habitat has been characterized by the
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<taxonomicName box="[202,310,2174,2207]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Zygophyllaceae" genus="Porlieria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zygophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Porlieria</taxonomicName>
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chilensis—
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<taxonomicName box="[455,551,2174,2207]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Proustia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Proustia</taxonomicName>
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pungens—
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fischer de Waldheim" authorityYear="1822" box="[691,796,2174,2207]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Adesmia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Adesmia</taxonomicName>
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bedwellii association. Bennett's Chinchilla Rats have the largest elevational range of any species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller & Gidley" authorityYear="1918" box="[997,1191,2213,2246]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Abrocomidae</taxonomicName>
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: from sea level to 2000 m in coastal canyons of the Andes. It is the only lowland species in the family, and the only species on the western side of the Andes. Unlike some other members of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Waterhouse" authorityYear="1837" box="[202,327,2331,2364]" class="Mammalia" family="Abrocomidae" genus="Abrocoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Abrocoma</taxonomicName>
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, Bennett's Chinchilla Rat is not an obligate of rocky outcrops.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[202,464,2371,2404]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Bennett's Chinchilla Rat is apparently a specialized herbivore that feeds chiefly on leaves and stems of one or a few plant taxa at a time, including
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Amaranthaceae" genus="Chenopodium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Chenopodium</taxonomicName>
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petiolare (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Ventenant" authorityYear="1799" box="[398,640,2453,2482]" family="Chenopodiaceae" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" rank="family">Chenopodiaceae</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="P.Miller" authorityYear="1754" box="[666,751,2453,2482]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
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caven (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Lindley & John" authorityYear="1830" box="[849,984,2453,2482]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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), grasses, forbs, and seeds. It is scansorial and climbsto feed on foliage. One population fed on grasses and forbs in wet months (July-November) and chiefly on foliage of A. caven and
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<taxonomicName box="[1090,1197,2528,2561]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Lithraea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lithraea</taxonomicName>
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caustica (
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
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), supplemented by grasses and forbs, during drier months. Charles Darwin collected the holotype and elsewhere saw two Bennett's Chinchilla Rats climbing an
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<taxonomicName authorityName="P.Miller" authorityYear="1754" box="[203,288,2646,2679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Acacia</taxonomicName>
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tree, so he rightly surmised that it was semi-arboreal.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[203,335,2685,2718]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Breeding.</emphasis>
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Litter size of Bennett's Chinchilla Rat is 1-6 young. Populations can vary from c.15 ind/ha in El Nino years to less than 1 ind/ha in post-El Nino years. Within years, populations are small in austral winter and largest in summer. Pregnancy occurs in June-July. In August, a female was observed with two young. Sex ratio does not differ from 1:1.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[201,437,2882,2915]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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There is no specific information available for this species, but Bennett’s Chinchilla Rat is probably nocturnal, with some early morning activity.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[203,893,2961,2994]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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More than one Bennett's Chinchilla Rat will use the same burrow system, so they might be colonial. It shares its habitat with the Degu (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bennett" authorityYear="1832" box="[358,464,3039,3072]" class="Mammalia" family="Octodontidae" genus="Octodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="3" pageNumber="496" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Octodon</taxonomicName>
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degus). They will simultaneously use the same burrow system, and lactating females and young of both species were found in a single system, with young even sharing the same nests. No specific data are available on movements, home range, or social behavior.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[203,552,3197,3230]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bennett's Chinchilla Rat is protected in the 10,000ha Bosque FrayJorge National Park, and several other parks are within its geographical distribution. It frequently occurs in degraded, overgrazed grassland, whereit feeds on invasive plants avoided by cattle, so itis probably not threatened by human disturbance.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="496" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="3.[199,1407,1588,3467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[204,357,3402,3427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="496">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Fulk (1976), Guzman & Sielfeld (2011), Iriarte et al. (1989), Meserve (1981), Meserve, Martin & Rodriguez (1983), Meserve, Milstead et al. (1999), Valladares & Campos (2012), Waterhouse (1839a).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |