349 lines
37 KiB
XML
349 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421<0001:ANSOTR>2.0.CO;2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f4c2f80e-4917-4b5b-9415-0ee6377973ce" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734917" approvalRequired="4" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="4" checkinTime="1620068002453" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="VOSS, ROBERT S." docDate="2003" docId="03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2003.3421.1-47.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 3421" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282003%29421%3C0001%3AANSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001.1:AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="70DDF1BDF6846024993F05262BAE3001" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2000-2010.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Thomasomys aureus" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="28" masterDocId="FFC3CA1FFFB6FFCBFF8AFF92DB29DF75" masterDocTitle="A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1671043263584" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A New Species of Thomasomys (Rodentia: Muridae) from Eastern Ecuador, with Remarks on Mammalian Diversity and Biogeography in the Cordillera Oriental</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>VOSS, ROBERT S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2003</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2003-12-09</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3421</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>48</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/0003-0082%282003%29421%3C0001%3AANSOTR%3E2.0.CO%3B2</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1206/0003-0082(2003)421<0001:ANSOTR>2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">f4c2f80e-4917-4b5b-9415-0ee6377973ce</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4734917</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5605925" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189547105" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5605925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="23.[785,1131,1146,1170]" box="[785,1131,1146,1170]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading box="[785,1131,1146,1170]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="8">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Tomes)" baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[785,1131,1146,1170]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis box="[785,1025,1147,1170]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thomasomys aureus</emphasis>
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(Tomes)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="23.[895,1031,1179,1198]" box="[895,1031,1179,1198]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading box="[895,1031,1179,1198]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="7">
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<figureCitation box="[895,1031,1179,1198]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="24.[150,188,1394,1415]" captionStartId-1="25.[149,187,1392,1413]" captionStartId-2="26.[150,188,1588,1609]" captionTargetBox-0="[155,1216,195,1359]" captionTargetBox-1="[135,1215,203,1362]" captionTargetBox-2="[128,1226,194,1565]" captionTargetId-0="figure-12@24.[130,1225,188,1374]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@25.[128,1222,186,1371]" captionTargetId-2="figure-10@26.[125,1229,187,1568]" captionTargetPageId-0="24" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionText-0="Fig. 11. Dorsal cranial views of eight Thomasomys species that occur in the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Top row (left to right): T. aureus (UMMZ 127114), T. baeops (UMMZ 155708), T. cinnameus (UMMZ 155671), T. erro (UMMZ 155713). Bottom row (left to right): T. paramorum (UMMZ 155737), T. rhoadsi (AMNH 66256), T. silvestris (USNM 513592), T. ucucha (UMMZ 155644)." captionText-1="Fig. 12. Ventral cranial views of eight Thomasomys species from the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Top row (left to right): T. aureus (UMMZ 127114), T. baeops (UMMZ 155708), T. cinnameus (UMMZ 155671), T. erro (UMMZ 155713). Bottom row (left to right): T. paramorum (UMMZ 155737), T. rhoadsi (AMNH 66256), T. silvestris (USNM 513592), T. ucucha (UMMZ 155644)." captionText-2="Fig. 13. Lateral cranial and mandibular views of eight Thomasomys species from the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Left side (top to bottom): T. aureus (UMMZ 127114), T. baeops (UMMZ 155708), T. cinnameus (UMMZ 155671), T. erro (UMMZ 155713). Right column (top to bottom): T. paramorum (UMMZ 155737), T. rhoadsi (AMNH 66256), T. silvestris (USNM 513592), T. ucucha (UMMZ 155644)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734946" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734948" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734950" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4734946/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4734948/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4734950/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figures 11–13</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="23.[699,1227,1220,1741]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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SPECIMENS COLLECTED: 6.2 km (by road) W Papallacta,
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<quantity box="[886,1001,1249,1272]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.56616" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="ft" value="11.7">11,700 ft</quantity>
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(AMNH 248281, 248498; UMMZ 127114, 155621–155624, 155626, 155707); Río Papallacta valley [
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3– 5 km</quantity>
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by trail NNW Papallacta],
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<quantity box="[1116,1227,1337,1360]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.38328" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="ft" value="11.1">11,100 ft</quantity>
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(UMMZ 155625).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="23.[699,1227,1220,1741]" box="[728,1019,1396,1419]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">OTHER MATERIAL: None.</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="23.[699,1227,1220,1741]" lastBlockId="25.[123,652,1542,1741]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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TAXONOMY: The
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<typeStatus box="[930,1032,1425,1448]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Thomasomys aureus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(BMNH 7.1.1.104) consists of the skin only of a specimen collected by Louis Fraser, allegedly at Pallatanga (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1137,1221,1512,1537]" degrees="1" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-1.9833333">1°59'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[699,804,1541,1566]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-78.95">78°57'W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<quantity box="[823,920,1542,1565]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
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above sea level) in the Ecuadorean province of
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<collectingRegion box="[992,1136,1572,1595]" country="Ecuador" name="Chimborazo" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Chimborazo</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="199 - 200" refId="ref21209" refString="Allen, J. A. 1914. Two new mammals from Ecuador. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 33: 199 - 200." type="journal article" year="1914">Allen, 1914</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Ellerman, J. R." box="[775,961,1601,1624]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" refId="ref22172" refString="Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents, vol. 2, Muridae. London: British Museum (Natural History)." type="book" year="1941">Ellerman, 1941</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cabrera, A." box="[976,1147,1601,1624]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="309 - 732" refId="ref21669" refString="Cabrera, A. 1961. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Ciencias Zoologicas) 4 (2): 309 - 732." type="journal article" year="1961">Cabrera, 1961</bibRefCitation>
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), or at Gualaquiza (
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<geoCoordinate box="[852,931,1629,1654]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="24" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-3.4">3°24'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[948,1053,1629,1654]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="925" value="-78.55">78°33'W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<quantity box="[1068,1147,1630,1653]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.709999999999999" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="971.0">971 m</quantity>
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above sea level) in the Ecuadorean province of
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<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Morona-Santiago" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MoronaSantiago</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[885,1066,1689,1712]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="217 - 249" refId="ref25400" refString="Thomas, O. 1920. Report on the Mammalia collected by Mr. Edmund Heller during the Peruvian expedition of 1915 under the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic Society. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 58: 217 - 249, pls. 14, 15." type="book chapter" year="1920">Thomas, 1920</bibRefCitation>
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). Neither locality, however, is within the usual altitudinal range of this species (ca.
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<quantity box="[421,589,1572,1595]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="3500.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="3000.0">3000–4000 m</quantity>
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), and the exact provenance of Fraser’s Ecuadorean material is uncertain due to inadequate labelling and the lack of detailed field records (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gardner, A. L." box="[132,306,1689,1712]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="134 - 144" refId="ref22378" refString="Gardner, A. L. 1983. Proechimys semispinosus (Rodentia: Echimyidae): distribution, type locality, and taxonomic history. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 96: 134 - 144." type="journal article" year="1983">Gardner, 1983</bibRefCitation>
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). Despite the absence of cranial material and a definite geographic datum, however, the
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<typeStatus box="[937,987,1572,1595]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
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serves to establish that
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[751,830,1601,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis box="[751,830,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">aureus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a distinctively large, shaggy rat with grizzled yellowishbrown dorsal fur; yellowwashed, graybased ventral fur; long, blackish mystacial vibrissae; dark, broad hind feet with semiopposable fifth digits; and a tail that is much longer than the combined length of headandbody. Other Ecuadorean specimens with these external characters exhibit the qualitative craniodental characters listed in
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<tableCitation box="[233,316,1660,1683]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="15.[624,698,194,213]" captionTargetId="figure-24@15.[119,1231,259,1736]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="TABLE 2 Morphological Comparisons Among Eight Species of Thomasomys from the Cordillera Oriental" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">table 2</tableCitation>
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and approximate the range of morphometric variation summarized in
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<tableCitation captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="27.[336,410,194,213]" captionTargetId="figure-23@27.[120,654,285,983]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="TABLE 3 Measurements (mm) and Weights (g) of Thomasomys aureus" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">table 3</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734946" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4734946/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[150,188,1394,1415]" targetBox="[155,1216,195,1359]" targetPageId="24">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[124,1229,1394,1521]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
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Fig. 11. Dorsal cranial views of eight
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<taxonomicName box="[581,802,1394,1415]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[581,717,1394,1415]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Thomasomys</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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that occur in the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Top row (left to right):
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[579,680,1421,1442]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis box="[579,680,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. aureus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 127114),
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[892,996,1421,1442]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baeops">
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<emphasis box="[892,996,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. baeops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155708),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnameus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. cinnameus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155671),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1926" box="[458,537,1447,1468]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erro">
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<emphasis box="[458,537,1447,1468]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. erro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155713). Bottom row (left to right):
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" box="[1071,1228,1447,1468]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paramorum">
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<emphasis box="[1071,1228,1447,1468]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. paramorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155737),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1914" box="[337,452,1474,1495]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoadsi">
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<emphasis box="[337,452,1474,1495]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. rhoadsi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(AMNH 66256),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[664,792,1474,1495]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silvestris">
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<emphasis box="[664,792,1474,1495]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. silvestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(USNM 513592),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="VOSS" authorityYear="2003" box="[1013,1124,1474,1495]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ucucha">
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<emphasis box="[1013,1124,1474,1495]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">T. ucucha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155644).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734948" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734948" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4734948/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[149,187,1392,1413]" targetBox="[135,1215,203,1362]" targetPageId="25">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[123,1227,1392,1493]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Fig. 12. Ventral cranial views of eight
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<taxonomicName box="[578,797,1392,1413]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis box="[578,714,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thomasomys</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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from the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Top row (left to right):
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[471,571,1418,1439]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
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<emphasis box="[471,571,1418,1439]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. aureus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 127114),
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[777,880,1418,1439]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baeops">
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<emphasis box="[777,880,1418,1439]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. baeops</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155708),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[1087,1227,1418,1439]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnameus">
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<emphasis box="[1087,1227,1418,1439]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. cinnameus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(UMMZ 155671),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1926" box="[320,393,1445,1466]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erro">
|
||
<emphasis box="[320,393,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. erro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155713). Bottom row (left to right):
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" box="[879,1030,1445,1466]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paramorum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[879,1030,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. paramorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155737),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1914" box="[123,233,1472,1493]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoadsi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[123,233,1472,1493]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. rhoadsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 66256),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[428,551,1472,1493]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[428,551,1472,1493]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 513592),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="VOSS" authorityYear="2003" box="[756,861,1472,1493]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ucucha">
|
||
<emphasis box="[756,861,1472,1493]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">T. ucucha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155644).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="25.[699,1228,1542,1741]" lastBlockId="27.[123,652,1044,1741]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Among the several nominal taxa currently synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[936,1182,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[936,1182,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Thomasomys aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Musser, G. G. & M. D. Carleton" box="[699,1037,1601,1624]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="501 - 755" refId="ref23955" refString="Musser, G. G., and M. D. Carleton. 1993. Family Muridae. In D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder (editors), Mammal species of the world, 2 nd ed.: 501 - 755. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press." type="book chapter" year="1993">Musser and Carleton (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the same qualitative and morphometric traits are shared by
|
||
<emphasis box="[699,799,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">princeps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[813,1010,1660,1683]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="55 - 60" refId="ref24987" refString="Thomas, O. 1895 a. On small mammals from Nicaragua and Bogota. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 6 (16): 55 - 60." type="journal article" year="1895">Thomas (1895a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from the eastern Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[826,941,1689,1712]" name="Colombia" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and by
|
||
<emphasis box="[1056,1148,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">altorum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="199 - 200" refId="ref21209" refString="Allen, J. A. 1914. Two new mammals from Ecuador. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 33: 199 - 200." type="journal article" year="1914">Allen (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from the western Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[1125,1223,1718,1741]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Other putatively synonymous taxa, however, differ conspicuously from
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[437,516,1073,1096]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[437,516,1073,1096]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in sidebyside morphological comparisons:
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Allen (1912)" authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1912" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="popayanus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[525,651,1103,1126]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">popayanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Allen, J. A." box="[123,273,1132,1155]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="71 - 95" refId="ref21182" refString="Allen, J. A. 1912. Mammals from western Colombia. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 31: 71 - 95." type="journal article" year="1912">Allen (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the western Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry name="Colombia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Thomas (1921)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1921" box="[263,542,1161,1184]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis box="[263,353,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[362,542,1161,1184]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="354 - 357" refId="ref25453" refString="Thomas, O. 1921. New Cryptotis, Thomasomys, and Oryzomys from Colombia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 9 (8): 354 - 357." type="journal article" year="1921">Thomas (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Colombian central Andes have substantially shorter (
|
||
<quantity box="[226,362,1220,1243]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="33.0">33–34 mm</quantity>
|
||
) hind feet and smaller (6.0 –6.6 mm) molar toothrows, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Thomas (1900)" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1900" box="[123,405,1278,1302]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praetor">
|
||
<emphasis box="[123,210,1279,1302]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">praetor</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thomas, O." box="[222,405,1278,1301]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="354 - 357" refId="ref25183" refString="Thomas, O. 1900. Description of two new murines from Peru and a new hare from Venezuela. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 7 (5): 354 - 357." type="journal article" year="1900">Thomas (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[598,651,1278,1301]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
has grayish dorsal fur, palesilvery ventral fur, pale hind feet, shorter tail, narrower interorbit, and a broad, distinctively flattened braincase. These three taxa were first treated as conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[378,497,1425,1448]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[378,497,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">T. aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cabrera, A." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="309 - 732" refId="ref21669" refString="Cabrera, A. 1961. Catalogo de los mamiferos de America del Sur. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales '' Bernardino Rivadavia' ' (Ciencias Zoologicas) 4 (2): 309 - 732." type="journal article" year="1961">Cabrera (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who (as usual) offered no explanation for his nomenclatural changes. In view of such trenchant character differences, at least four species appear to be represented in this complex:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[299,414,1572,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[299,414,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">T. aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<emphasis box="[559,651,1572,1595]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">altorum</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis box="[175,275,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">princeps</emphasis>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1900" box="[302,422,1601,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praetor">
|
||
<emphasis box="[302,422,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">T. praetor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Allen" authorityYear="1912" box="[492,651,1601,1624]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="popayanus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[492,651,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">T. popayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(possibly including
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1921" box="[359,449,1631,1654]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicefori">
|
||
<emphasis box="[359,449,1631,1654]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">nicefori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4734950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4734950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4734950/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[150,188,1588,1609]" targetBox="[128,1226,194,1565]" targetPageId="26">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="26.[124,1229,1588,1716]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Fig. 13. Lateral cranial and mandibular views of eight
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[781,1004,1588,1609]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis box="[781,917,1588,1609]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Thomasomys</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Cordillera Oriental of northern Ecuador. Left side (top to bottom):
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[721,821,1615,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[721,821,1615,1636]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 127114),
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1028,1131,1615,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baeops">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1028,1131,1615,1636]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. baeops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155708),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[228,370,1641,1662]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnameus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[228,370,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. cinnameus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155671),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1926" box="[582,658,1641,1662]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erro">
|
||
<emphasis box="[582,658,1641,1662]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. erro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155713). Right column (top to bottom):
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paramorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. paramorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155737),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1914" box="[466,579,1668,1689]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rhoadsi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[466,579,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. rhoadsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(AMNH 66256),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Anthony" authorityYear="1924" box="[782,908,1668,1689]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="silvestris">
|
||
<emphasis box="[782,908,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. silvestris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 513592),
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="VOSS" authorityYear="2003" box="[1120,1228,1668,1689]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ucucha">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1120,1228,1668,1689]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">T. ucucha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UMMZ 155644).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[336,410,194,213]" targetBox="[123,654,286,983]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[159,615,194,269]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
TABLE 3
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Measurements (mm) and Weights (g) of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[274,499,248,269]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[274,499,248,269]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Thomasomys aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[123,652,1044,1741]" lastBlockId="27.[699,1227,193,455]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3395013317" collectionCode="FIELD, OBSERVATIONS" county="Of" elevation="3475" location="The" municipality="Six" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="10">
|
||
<collectionCode box="[152,392,1660,1683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIELD OBSERVATIONS</collectionCode>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2:8E8C55AAFFADFFD0FE12F9EEDAECD9E6" box="[408,453,1660,1683]" county="Of" municipality="Six" name="The" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">The</location>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[461,619,1660,1683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Tomes" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[123,362,1689,1712]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Thomasomys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[123,362,1689,1712]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Thomasomys aureus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that I collected near
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2:8E8C55AAFFADFFD0FDEEF90BDBFCD9B8" county="Of" municipality="Six" name="Papallacta" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Papallacta</location>
|
||
in 1978 and 1980 were all taken in
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FAB267FFA1FFD0FC9BFBE9D848DEB2:8E8C55AAFFADFFD0FD31FF53D8EFDFAD" box="[699,966,193,216]" county="Of" municipality="Six" name="Subalpine Rain Forest" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Subalpine Rain Forest</location>
|
||
at elevations ranging from
|
||
<quantity box="[767,969,223,246]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.475" metricValueMax="3.57" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3475.0" valueMax="3570.0" valueMin="3380.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[767,969,223,246]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.475" metricValueMax="3.57" metricValueMin="3.38" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3475.0" valueMax="3570.0" valueMin="3380.0">3380 to 3570 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality box="[985,1024,223,246]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Six</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
were trapped in wellworn paths through mats of moss and liverworts on horizontal tree limbs, and four were trapped on the ground.
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[1032,1063,312,335]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Of</collectingCounty>
|
||
the latter, two were trapped at the edge of a stream, one was trapped among tall grass in a clearing, and one was trapped in a runway through dense mats of moss
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |