treatments-xml/data/03/FA/87/03FA87BD00676848AE9176EEFD69F63B.xml

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<mods:title id="BC3641DA44302C2125C5A5C2D73C27FF">A new genus of Eucharitidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with notes on life history and immature stages</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9A255AC694A095550AE08C235101F353">Torréns, Javier</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FA87BD00676848AE9176EEFD69F63B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6158446" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119564329" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6158446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA87BD00676848AE9176EEFD69F63B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA87BD00676848AE9176EEFD69F63B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="354" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
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<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0067684DAE9176EEFDCAF6CA" blockId="2.[151,554,1673,1732]" box="[151,554,1673,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<heading id="D0A481C70067684DAE9176EEFDCAF6CA" bold="true" box="[151,554,1673,1699]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280067684DAE9176EEFDCAF6CA" authority="Gemignani" authorityName="Gemignani" box="[151,554,1673,1699]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90067684DAE9176EEFDCAF6CA" bold="true" box="[151,554,1673,1699]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90067684DAE9176EEFE65F6CA" bold="true" box="[151,389,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Neolirata daguerrei</emphasis>
(Gemignani)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0067684DAE9176CBFEF9F6AD" blockId="2.[151,554,1673,1732]" box="[151,281,1708,1732]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0067684DAE9976CBFEF0F6AD" box="[159,272,1708,1732]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStart-1="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId-0="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox-0="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetBox-1="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." captionText-1="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Figs 1–13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0067684DAE917692FD39F740" blockId="2.[151,1268,1780,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280067684DAE917692FDCBF763" authority="Gemignani, 1937: 160" authorityName="Gemignani" authorityPageNumber="160" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,555,1780,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Lirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90067684DAE917692FEDFF763" box="[151,319,1780,1802]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Lirata daguerrei</emphasis>
Gemignani, 1937: 160
</taxonomicName>
–161; Heraty, 2002: 186–188. 
<typeStatus id="54E888090067684DAD5B7693FC5BF763" box="[861,955,1780,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in MACN [examined]. 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280067684DAE917773FEDFF740" box="[151,319,1811,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Lirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90067684DAE917773FEDFF740" box="[151,319,1811,1833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Lirata daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Heraty, 2002: 187–188 (figs 210–213).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34965200067684DAE917732FB38F7F8" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0067684DAE917732FB38F7F8" blockId="2.[151,1435,1877,1938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90067684DAE917732FEEAF707" bold="true" box="[151,266,1877,1902]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Distinguished by the following combination of characters: face smooth (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0067684DAA577732FB76F704" box="[1105,1174,1877,1901]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); scutellar spines long, thin and bowed medially with apices closely spaced (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0067684DACEC771EFCAFF7F8" box="[746,847,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">Figs 6, 7</figureCitation>
); gastral terga with scattered setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2C66230066684CAE917756FA84F70F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" targetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0066684CAE917756FA84F70F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1841,1894]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90066684CAE917756FEFEF72E" bold="true" box="[151,286,1841,1864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">FIGURES 1</emphasis>
– 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90066684CAF2D7755FEDEF72E" bold="true" box="[299,318,1842,1863]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280066684CAF4F7756FDF7F72E" box="[329,535,1841,1863]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90066684CAF4F7756FDF7F72E" box="[329,535,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Neolirata daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2C66230061684BAE917748FADDF7EB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" targetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0061684BAE917748FADDF7EB" blockId="4.[151,1436,1839,1922]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAE917748FEC0F72D" bold="true" box="[151,288,1839,1862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">FIGURES 8</emphasis>
– 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAF2A7748FEABF72D" bold="true" box="[300,331,1839,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280061684BAF517748FDC7F72C" box="[343,551,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAF517748FDC7F72C" box="[343,551,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Neolirata daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9–13, biology and immature stages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280061684BAF657728FE06F70D" box="[355,486,1870,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAF657728FE06F70D" box="[355,486,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">N. daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 9, habitat; 10, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280061684BAC8A7729FCB8F70D" box="[652,856,1870,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Urvillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAC8A7729FCB8F70D" box="[652,856,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Urvillea chacoënsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 11, underside of leaf of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280061684BAA677728FB11F70D" box="[1121,1265,1870,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Urvillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90061684BAA677728FB11F70D" box="[1121,1265,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">U. chacoënsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C34965200060684AAEC170FFFE5CF68B" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC170FFFA82F1EE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC170FFFEC5F0D9" bold="true" box="[199,293,152,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Female.</emphasis>
Description and characterization in accordance with that provided by Gemignani (1937). Variation in material examined as follows. Length: 
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. Head 1.3–1.5× as broad as high; eyes separated by 2.1–2.4× their height; malar space 0.8–1.0× as long as eye height (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAD2170B8FC8CF09E" box="[807,876,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
); labrum with 5 digits (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAA7870B8FB24F09E" box="[1150,1220,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Flagellum length 1.9–2.2× head height; scape 5.0–5.7× as long as broad and 0.5–0.6× head height; basal flagellomere 1.1–1.4× as long as scape, 7.0–8.3× as long as basal width, and 2.4–3.0× as long as next segment (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAA8F7140FB30F156" box="[1161,1232,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Scutellar spines 1.6–1.9× as long as mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAC0F712BFD93F10D" box="[521,627,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Figs 1, 7</figureCitation>
). Metacoxa 1.7–2.0× as long as broad. Fore wing 2.4–2.7× as long as broad. Petiole 3.3–3.5× as long as broad and 1.3–1.6× as long as metacoxa. Gastral terga with scattered setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC171F3FE84F2CE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC171F3FEEBF1C5" bold="true" box="[199,267,404,428]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Male.</emphasis>
Length 
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. Similar to female except for following. Head 1.4–1.5× as broad as high; eyes separated by 1.8–2.1× their height; malar space 0.7–0.9× as long as eye height. Antenna with 11 segments, flagellum pectinate, same coloration as female but with pale brown flagellum (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAA1C71BBFB81F19D" box="[1050,1121,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); scape 4.0–5.2× as long as broad; basal flagellomere 3.3–4.0× as long as basal width; branch of basal flagellomere similar or slightly longer than head height and 4.1–4.7× as long as basal length (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAD257243FC8CF255" box="[803,876,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Mesosoma with more irregular, sharp carinae; scutellar spines 1.7–1.9× as long as mesosoma (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AACB27220FCF9F236" box="[692,793,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Figs 4, 6</figureCitation>
). Legs with same coloration as female but a little darker, especially femora; metacoxa 1.7–1.9× as long as broad. Petiole 5.0–6.4× as long as broad and 1.8–2.0× as long as metacoxa (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAF1772E8FEB7F2CE" box="[273,343,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 7" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1841,1864]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,191,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[156,1441,168,1847]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 7. Neolirata daguerrei: 1, habitus (female); 2, head (female, dorsal; carina indicated); 3, antenna and head (female, frontal); 4, habitus (male); 5, antenna (male, lateral); 6, mesosoma (male, lateral); 7, mesosoma (female, dorsal)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222184/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC172D3FE96F35E" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC172D3FF1DF2A5" bold="true" box="[199,253,692,716]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Egg.</emphasis>
The egg morphology is similar to other 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AACCC72D3FCB7F2A5" box="[714,855,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucharitinae">Eucharitinae</taxonomicName>
as described by Heraty and Darling (1984), except that the caudal stalk is thicker and shorter. Length of egg body 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E0060684AAD8272B0FC0CF286" box="[900,1004,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
and caudal stalk 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E0060684AAABB72B0FAC5F286" box="[1213,1317,727,751]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAB3E72B0FA6FF286" box="[1336,1423,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Undeveloped eggs are whitish and translucent with a smooth chorion; by the third day the developing embryo can be observed clearly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC17324FD9AF431" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC17324FEABF335" bold="true" box="[199,331,835,860]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Planidium.</emphasis>
As described for other 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAC5D7323FD08F335" box="[603,744,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucharitinae">Eucharitinae</taxonomicName>
by Heraty and Darling (1984), but distinguished as follows: length 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E0060684AAEE17300FEAFF316" box="[231,335,871,895]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
, width 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E0060684AAFA17300FDEEF316" box="[423,526,871,895]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAC267300FD8CF316" box="[544,620,871,895]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig.13</figureCitation>
); cranium with a pair of short pleurostomal spines; with three pairs of dorsal sensilla, dorsal cranial spines absent; tergopleural line (Tp) separating pleural and dorsal tergites present on tergites TII–VIII; TI and TII fused dorsally, with two pairs of small setae dorsally and two pairs ventrally; TIII with one pair of setae ventrally; TV with one pair of setae ventrally, extending half length of TVII; TVI with one pair of stout setae lateral to Tp, extending to TIX; TVII with one pair of small setae ventrally; TIX with two long lateral processes ventrally developed as a long spine; as observed by Heraty (2002) for 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAA19747AFB6FF45D" box="[1055,1167,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Lirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pustula">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAA19747AFB6FF45D" box="[1055,1167,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">L. pustula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this projection extends beyond the caudal cerci; caudal cerci stout.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC17404FE60F546" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC17404FE23F415" bold="true" box="[199,451,1123,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Habitat and location.</emphasis>
Most specimens were collected in Tapia (Tucuman, 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B0060684AAA0B7403FB61F415" box="[1037,1153,1124,1148]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Argentina</collectingCountry>
), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA927403FAEFF415" box="[1172,1295,1124,1148]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-26.565277">26º33'55''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAB107403FA7CF415" box="[1302,1436,1124,1148]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-65.290276">65º17'25''W</geoCoordinate>
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAE9974E0FF06F4F6" box="[159,230,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). In this region, it is common to find 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AACA774EFFD1DF4F6" box="[673,765,1160,1183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AACA774EFFD1DF4F6" box="[673,765,1160,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Opuntia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Tuna or Quimilo), 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAA1274EEFB97F4C9" box="[1044,1143,1161,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAA1274EEFB97F4C9" box="[1044,1143,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Prosopis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (Algarrobo), 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAB4674EFFF02F4AD" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Valessia glabra</emphasis>
(Ancoche), 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAF6974CBFDD0F4AD" authority="Tala" authorityName="Tala" box="[367,560,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tala">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAF6974CBFE05F4AD" box="[367,485,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Celtis tala</emphasis>
(Tala)
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAC6E74CBFCAFF4AD" box="[616,847,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Schinopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="balancae">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAC6E74CBFCAFF4AD" box="[616,847,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Schinopsis balancae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Quebracho colorado). This vegetation corresponds to the chaco serrano ecoregion (
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAC0774B6FDDFF481" box="[513,575,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">sensu</emphasis>
Digilio &amp; Legname 1966). The host plant, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAA2B74B7FAEEF481" box="[1069,1294,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Urvillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAA2B74B7FAEEF481" box="[1069,1294,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Urvillea chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, was widely distributed, but the specimens associated with 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AACA17492FCD6F565" box="[679,822,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AACA17492FCD6F565" box="[679,822,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">N. daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected in a small area about 5 meters west of the old road to Salta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC1755BFC36F5D6" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC1755BFEACF53D" bold="true" box="[199,332,1340,1364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Host plant.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAF52755BFD3EF53D" box="[340,734,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Urvillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAF52755BFDD4F53D" box="[340,564,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Urvillea chacoensis</emphasis>
(Sapindaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, common name “Farolito”, is a climbing vine that grows over other plants distributed throughout the collection area, which blooms from November to March with fruits present from February to May; its leaves are marginally serrate and pubescent (Ferrucci 2004). The leaves persist until a month after fruit maturation and reappear in the warmer seasons (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAD7375C0FC29F5D6" box="[885,969,1447,1471]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC175ACFE77F6D6" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC175ACFD6AF58D" bold="true" box="[199,650,1483,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">General observations and collections.</emphasis>
Collections of adults and host plants were made in 2004 (
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAB2C75ABFA6EF58D" box="[1322,1422,1484,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">March 9</date>
), 2005 (
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAEDB7588FEADF66E" box="[221,333,1519,1543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="2010-03">March 10</date>
), 2006 (
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAFAE7588FD26F66E" box="[424,710,1519,1543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">February 26 and March 5</date>
), 2007 (
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAD247588FC03F66E" box="[802,995,1519,1543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">March 12 and 17</date>
) and 2009 (
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAA617588FAC9F66E" box="[1127,1321,1519,1543]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">March 12 and 13</date>
). Females placed in plastic tubes were observed ovipositing on the undersides of the leaves of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D280060684AAA6F7672FAE9F645" box="[1129,1289,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Urvillea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacoensis">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAA6F7672FAE9F645" box="[1129,1289,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">U. chacoensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E0060684AAB1A7673FA90F645" box="[1308,1392,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURES 8 – 13" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[181,1420,198,1822]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[157,1443,170,1835]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 8 – 13. Neolirata daguerrei: 8, Labrum (female), lbd, labral digit; sld, seta of labral digit. 9 – 13, biology and immature stages of N. daguerrei: 9, habitat; 10, Urvillea chacoënsis; 11, underside of leaf of U. chacoënsis with eggs (eggs represented in white area); 12, egg; 13, planidia. md, mandible; plst, pleurostomal seta or spine; Tp, tergopleural line." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222185/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). A single gravid female oviposited about 
<specimenCount id="9D55FD220060684AAC47765DFD78F63A" box="[577,664,1594,1619]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" type="egg">28 eggs</specimenCount>
per mm2 randomly between the spicules that form the pubescence on the underside of a leaf. Eggs hatched within 9 days, although some eggs containing mature larvae did not hatch. Planidia are very mobile and jump, which suggests that larvae have phoretic association with foraging ants for transfer to the ant nest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB0060684AAEC176ACFE5CF68B" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[199,444,1738,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC176ACFEDEF68A" bold="true" box="[199,318,1739,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Host ants.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C349652000606849AEC17689FDD2F4F1" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00606849AEC17689FEE4F3CD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2015]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,932]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="353" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAEC17689FE56F76E" bold="true" box="[199,438,1774,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E888090060684AAFC47688FDCBF76E" box="[450,555,1775,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female: 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B0060684AAC917688FCDDF76E" box="[663,829,1775,1799]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAD4B7688FC32F76E" bold="true" box="[845,978,1774,1799]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Entre Ríos</emphasis>
: Concordia, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA707688FB17F76E" box="[1142,1271,1775,1799]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-31.388056">31°23'17&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAB057688FA70F76E" box="[1283,1424,1775,1799]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-58.01389">58° 0'50&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAE917775FF00F743" box="[151,224,1810,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1931-01">i.1931</date>
, J. B. Daguerre, UCRC_ENT 0 0 242256, (MACN). Chaco: Las Palmás, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA137775FB6FF743" box="[1045,1167,1810,1834]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-27.053888">27° 3'14&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA917775FAC5F743" box="[1175,1317,1810,1834]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-58.67861">58°40'43&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAB3E7775FA77F743" box="[1336,1431,1810,1834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1950-12">xii.1950</date>
, Duret, UCRC_ENT 0237905–6 (2 3, AMNH). 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B0060684AACB07750FCFFF726" box="[694,799,1847,1871]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AACB07750FCFFF726" bold="true" box="[694,799,1847,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Formosa</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B0060684AAD36775FFC72F726" box="[816,914,1848,1871]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Formosa</collectingCountry>
(RN 11), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA007750FB60F726" box="[1030,1152,1847,1871]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-26.265">26º15'54''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA8F7750FAEFF726" box="[1161,1295,1847,1871]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-38.265835">38º15'57''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAB1A7750FA77F726" box="[1308,1431,1847,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="2003-03-26">26.iii.2003</date>
, J. Heraty &amp; P. Fidalgo, UCRC_ENT 0 0 91465, 0 0 91838, 0091963–5 (1 Ƥ, 4 3, UCRC). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAA79773DFB5CF71A" bold="true" box="[1151,1212,1882,1907]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Salta</emphasis>
: Rosario de Lerma, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAE987718FEFFF7FE" box="[158,287,1919,1943]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-24.99639">24°59'47&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAF2D7718FE2FF7FE" box="[299,463,1919,1943]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="1" value="-65.568504">65°34'6.61&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAFE17718FD81F7FE" box="[487,609,1919,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1983-11-10">10.xi.1983</date>
, M. Wasbauer, MT, UCRC_ENT 0 0 340706 (1 3, CSCA). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB90060684AAB227719FA72F7FE" bold="true" box="[1316,1426,1918,1943]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">Tucumán</emphasis>
: Tacanas, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAF0177C5FE62F7D3" box="[263,386,1954,1978]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-27.137222">27° 8'14&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAF8C77C5FDEBF7D3" box="[394,523,1954,1978]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-64.818886">64°49'8&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAC1977C5FD87F7D3" box="[543,615,1954,1978]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1948-01">i.1948</date>
, J. M. Arnau, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357425 (1 Ƥ, IFML); Trancas, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAB2F77C5FA7CF7D3" box="[1321,1436,1954,1978]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-26.218056">26°13'5&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAE9177A0FEF7F7B6" box="[151,279,1991,2015]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-65.28472">65°17'5&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAF2A77A0FE6BF7B6" box="[300,395,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1952-12">xii.1952</date>
, Arnau, UCRC_ENT 0 0 242257 (1 3, MACN); Tapia, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA0577A0FB9EF7B6" box="[1027,1150,1991,2015]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-26.565277">26º33'55''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C0060684AAA8177A0FAEEF7B6" box="[1159,1294,1991,2015]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" precision="15" value="-65.290276">65º17'25''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B0060684AAB1D77A0FA77F7B6" box="[1307,1431,1991,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" value="1993-03-16">16.iii.1993</date>
, Cuezzo &amp; Fidalgo, MT, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357426 (2 3, IFML); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AA0170F0FB63F0C6" box="[1031,1155,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2004-03-09">09.iii.2004</date>
, J. Torréns &amp; P. Fidalgo, UCRC_ENT 00357428-9 (2 Ƥ, IFML); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AD3970DBFC5BF0BD" box="[831,955,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2005-03-10">10.iii.2005</date>
, J. Torréns &amp; P. Fidalgo, UCRC_ENT 00357430-1 (2 3, IFML); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AC8B70B8FCE1F09E" box="[653,769,223,247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2006-02-26">26.ii.2006</date>
, J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357432 (1 Ƥ, IFML); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AF057163FE9FF175" box="[259,383,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2006-03-05">05.iii.2006</date>
, Torréns, UCRC_ENT 00357433-5 (1 Ƥ, 2 3, IFML); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AAC67163FADBF175" box="[1216,1339,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2007-03-12">12.iii.2007</date>
, J. &amp; J. Heraty and J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 00242258–9, 00340707–710 (1 Ƥ, 1 3, MACN; 2 Ƥ, 2 3 UCRC); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AF06712BFE9CF10D" box="[256,380,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2007-03-17">17.iii.2007</date>
, J. &amp; J. Heraty and J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 00242260-1 (1 Ƥ, 1 3, MACN); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AE917108FEDCF1EE" box="[151,316,367,391]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2007-03-17" valueMax="2007-03-19" valueMin="2007-03-17">17–19.iii.2007</date>
, J. &amp; J. Heraty and J. Torréns, MT, UCRC_ENT 0 0 242262 (1 3, MACN); same location, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AE9171F3FEF3F1C5" box="[151,275,404,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2009-03-12">12.iii.2009</date>
, J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 0 0 242263 (1 3, MACN); same location, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AA0671F3FB9BF1C5" box="[1024,1147,404,428]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-26.574167">26º34'27''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AA8471F3FB1AF1C5" box="[1154,1274,404,428]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-65.28528">65º17'7''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AB0071F3FA9EF1C5" box="[1286,1406,404,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2012-04-06">06.iv.2012</date>
, J. Torréns, UCR_ENT 0 0 357427 (1 3, IFML); Ticucho, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849ACF171D0FC92F1A6" box="[759,882,439,463]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-26.541666">26º32'30''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AD7E71D0FC1EF1A6" box="[888,1022,439,463]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-65.25445">65º15'16''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AA0F71D0FB64F1A6" box="[1033,1156,439,463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="2009-03-13">13.iii.2009</date>
, J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357436 (1 Ƥ, IFML). 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00636849AFB471BBFDFAF19D" box="[434,538,476,500]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00636849AC2171BCFD64F19D" box="[551,644,475,500]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AC2171BCFD64F19D" bold="true" box="[551,644,475,500]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Brasilia</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
: [no locality], Duport, UCRC_ENT 0 0 245113 (1 Ƥ, ZMUC). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AB5771BCFF06F271" bold="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
: Lagoa Santa, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF9A7198FDFDF27E" box="[412,541,511,535]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-19.628334">19°37'42&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AC217198FD56F27E" box="[551,694,511,535]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-43.896667">43°53'48&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], Reinhardt, UCRC_ENT 0 0 245112 (1 Ƥ, ZMUC). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AB0D7267FA74F271" bold="true" box="[1291,1428,512,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Lete Lagoa</emphasis>
: Lagoa do Leite, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF667243FE01F255" box="[352,481,548,572]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-12.48389">12°29'02&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AFEA7243FD9BF255" box="[492,635,548,572]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-42.49889">42°29'56&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], Reinhardt, UCRC_ENT 0 0 245111 (1 Ƥ, ZMUC). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AADF7244FAB3F255" bold="true" box="[1241,1363,547,572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">São Paulo</emphasis>
: Villa Americana, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF2E7220FE4AF236" box="[296,426,583,607]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-22.738611">22°44'19&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AFB47220FDA1F236" box="[434,577,583,607]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-47.331665">47°19'54&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AC537220FD47F236" box="[597,679,583,607]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1924-02">ii.1924</date>
, F.X. Williams, UCRC_ENT 0 0 239549 (1 Ƥ, BMNH); Campinas, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE98720BFEC0F2ED" box="[158,288,620,644]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-22.905556">22°54'20&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF2F720BFE58F2ED" box="[297,440,620,644]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-47.05111">47°03'04&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AFCB720BFDCCF2ED" box="[461,556,620,644]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1939-12">xii.1939</date>
, H.F.G. Sauer, UCRC_ENT 0 0 248045 (1 Ƥ, AMNH); Ipiranga, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AB1C720BFA7CF2ED" box="[1306,1436,620,644]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-23.591389">23°35'29&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE9172E8FEC6F2CE" box="[151,294,655,679]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-46.607777">46°36'28&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AF3A72E8FE57F2CE" box="[316,439,655,679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1906-09-19">19.ix.1906</date>
, H. Luederwaldt, UCRC_ENT 0 0 0 36239 (1 Ƥ, MZSP). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AA5272E8FB7AF2C1" bold="true" box="[1108,1178,655,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Bahia</emphasis>
: Engruzilhada, 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E00636849AB5372E8FA78F2CE" box="[1365,1432,655,679]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" unit="m" value="480.0">480m</quantity>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE9872D3FEFFF2A5" box="[158,287,692,716]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-15.530833">15°31'51&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF2172D3FE56F2A5" box="[295,438,692,716]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-40.90861">40°54'31&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AFCF72D3FDC8F2A5" box="[457,552,692,716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1973-12">xii.1973</date>
, M. Alvaregena, UCRC_ENT 0 0 320678 (1 3, CNCI). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AA9E72D4FAD9F2A5" bold="true" box="[1176,1337,691,716]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Minas Gerais</emphasis>
: Lavras, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE9872B0FEC0F286" box="[158,288,727,751]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-21.243055">21°14'35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF2B72B0FE5CF286" box="[301,444,727,751]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-44.996113">44°59'46&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AFD372B0FDAFF286" box="[469,591,727,751]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1978-12-05">5 xii.1978</date>
, W.D. Fronk, UCRC_ENT 0 0 259041 (1 Ƥ, CSUC); Mar de 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00636849AB3072B0FA78F286" box="[1334,1432,727,751]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Espanha</collectingCountry>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE98729BFEFFF37D" box="[158,287,764,788]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-21.868334">21°52'06&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF37729BFE5FF37D" box="[305,447,764,788]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-43.009167">43°00'33&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AFDA729BFD95F37D" box="[476,629,764,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1962-02-27" valueMax="1962-02-28" valueMin="1962-02-27">27-28.ii.1962</date>
, J. Bechyné, UCRC_ENT 0 0 0 36241 (1 Ƥ, MZSP); Pedra Azul, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AE987378FEFFF35E" box="[158,287,799,823]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-16.011667">16°00'42&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AF2E7378FE56F35E" box="[296,438,799,823]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-41.288612">41°17'19&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AFCC7378FDC2F35E" box="[458,546,799,823]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1972-11">xi.1972</date>
, Seabra &amp; Oliveira, UCRC_ENT 0 0 320677 and UCRC_ENT 0 0 320679 (2 3, CNC). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AEEE7324FE77F335" bold="true" box="[232,407,835,860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Rio de Janeiro</emphasis>
: Petrópolis, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AC287323FD4FF335" box="[558,687,836,860]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-22.504444">22°30'16&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849ACB17323FCA6F335" box="[695,838,836,860]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-43.182224">43°10'56&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00636849AD5F7323FC3EF335" box="[857,990,836,860]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" value="1962-03-05" valueMax="1962-03-07" valueMin="1962-03-05">5-7.iii.1962</date>
, J. Bechyné, UCRC_ENT 0 0 0 36240 (1 3, MZSP). 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00636849AF187300FE54F316" box="[286,436,871,895]" name="Paraguay" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">PARAGUAY</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AFC77300FD60F3E9" bold="true" box="[449,640,871,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">San Bernardino</emphasis>
, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AC9E7300FCF9F316" box="[664,793,871,895]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-25.313055">25°18'47&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00636849AD247300FC51F316" box="[802,945,871,895]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" precision="15" value="-57.295277">57°17'43&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], iii, Fiebrig, UCRC_ENT 0 0 317120 (1 3, NHMW).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE917390FE48F479" blockId="6.[151,463,1015,1076]" box="[151,424,1015,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800636849AE917390FE48F479" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" box="[151,424,1015,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE917390FE48F479" bold="true" box="[151,424,1015,1040]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE917390FED5F479" bold="true" box="[151,309,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Neolirata alta</emphasis>
(Walker)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE91747BFE2FF45D" blockId="6.[151,463,1015,1076]" box="[151,463,1052,1076]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">(Figs 14, 16, 18, 20, 22–25)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE917403FDD2F4F1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1123,1238]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800636849AE917403FDF8F410" authority="Walker, 1862: 383" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="383" authorityYear="1862" box="[151,536,1123,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Thoracantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE917403FEAAF413" box="[151,330,1124,1146]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Thoracantha alta</emphasis>
Walker, 1862: 383
</taxonomicName>
. Dalla Torre, 1898: 365 (catalog); De Santis, 1980: 208 (catalog). 
<typeStatus id="54E8880900636849AADB7403FAD0F410" box="[1245,1328,1124,1145]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
female in BMNH; 
<typeStatus id="54E8880900636849AF2674E4FEACF4F1" box="[288,332,1155,1176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">type</typeStatus>
no. 5.634 [examined].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C349652000636849AE9174C6FC78F4BF" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE9174C6FD10F4DE" blockId="6.[151,1436,1123,1238]" box="[151,752,1185,1207]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800636849AE9174C6FEEFF4DE" box="[151,271,1185,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Kapala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE9174C6FEEFF4DE" box="[151,271,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Kapala alta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Ashmead, 1904: 472. Change of combination.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE9174A6FC78F4BF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1123,1238]" box="[151,920,1216,1238]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800636849AE9174A6FEE3F4BF" box="[151,259,1216,1238]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Lirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE9174A6FEE3F4BF" box="[151,259,1216,1238]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Lirata alta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; Heraty, 2002: 186–187 (figs 205–209). Change of combination.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C349652000636849AE917565FB08F5A7" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AE917565FC2CF50B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1282,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AE917565FEEAF572" bold="true" box="[151,266,1282,1307]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Distinguished by the following combination of characters: face striate (Figs 16, 20); basal flagellomere of female sharply serrate (Fig. 16), scutellar spines longitudinally striate, straight, and directed outward from mesosoma (Fig. 18); gastral terga almost bare, with a few scattered setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AEC17508FB08F5A7" blockId="6.[151,1437,1282,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AEC17508FEC5F5EE" bold="true" box="[199,293,1391,1415]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Female.</emphasis>
Length: 6.0–7.0 mm. Head, mesosoma, coxae and petiole black; flagellum dark brown to black; femora, distal ¾ of scape, and pedicel testaceous; base of scape and rest of legs yellowish; distal antennal flagellomeres sometimes light brown (Figs 14, 16). Wings slightly infuscate, venation dark brown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C349652000636848AEC175BCFE26F566" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="354" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AEC175BCFA7BF687" blockId="6.[151,1437,1282,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AEC175BCFEE4F59A" box="[199,260,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Head</emphasis>
1.6× as broad as high; with strong or weak striae. Frons with striae converging to scrobal depression; lower face, including gena, with transverse striae; occipital carina pronounced,extending far beyond lateral ocelli. Eyes separated by 2.6–2.7× their height (Fig. 20); malar space as long as eye height. Labrum with 6 or 7 digits. Clypeus slightly swollen, with weak striae; epistomal sulcus well marked; supraclypeal area swollen and striated as rest of the face, demarcated laterally by a shallow sulcus. Maxillary complex not observed. 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AADF760CFAD6F6EA" box="[1241,1334,1643,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Antenna</emphasis>
with 10 segments, scape long, smooth, laterally compressed, 2.8× as long as broad and 0.4–0.5× head height; length of flagellum 1.7–1.8× head height, basal flagellomere 0.8–0.9× length of scape, 4.2–5.0× as long as basal width and 1.7–1.9× as long as next flagellomere; all segments of flagellum serrate, with acute apices, clava rounded (Fig. 16).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00636849AEC1769BFA7CF783" blockId="6.[151,1437,1282,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900636849AEC1769BFEDFF77A" box="[199,319,1788,1811]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. Mesoscutum rounded, elevated, and irregularly rugose-carinate; mid lobe in frontal view with transverse carinae, with longitudinal carinae dorsally, and dorsomedially with shallow depression; mesosoma with scattered erect setae; notauli well marked (Fig. 14). Axillae in dorsal view with a strong impression laterally, broadly rounded, and longitudinally carinate; scutellar spines cylindrical, tapered, straight, and directed outward from midline (Fig. 18), 1.4–1.5× as long as mesosoma with strong striae reaching to apex and scattered erect setae; inferior surface of frenum smooth with some carinae directed toward center (Fig. 18). Propodeal disc slightly swollen with irregular carinae; callus swollen, smooth, with some carinae dorsally and several long setae (Fig. 14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AE9170F0FDA7F175" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Mesepisternum smooth except for weak transverse carinae; upper mesepimeron smooth except for strong carinae. Metacoxa semiglobose, 1.4× as long as broad. Metafemur with scattered erect setae. Fore wing 2.5–2.6× as long as broad, stigmal vein rectangular, 1.8–2.2× as long as broad (Fig. 18); postmarginal vein slightly longer than stigmal vein; wing disc with dense short setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC1714EFB9EF10D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC1714EFEA3F129" box="[199,323,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Metasoma.</emphasis>
Petiole 3.5–3.7× as long as broad and 1.5–1.6× as long as metacoxa; petiole subcylindrical with strong or weak longitudinal carinae. Gastral terga almost bare, with a few scattered setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC17117FE68F1EE" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" box="[199,392,367,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC17117FEE4F1E1" bold="true" box="[199,260,368,392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC171F4FF0EF19D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC171F4FEDBF1C5" bold="true" box="[199,315,403,428]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Variation.</emphasis>
The specimen from Linhares (
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848ACBB71F3FCE5F1C5" box="[701,773,404,428]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Brazil</collectingCountry>
) differs from those collected in 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AA9D71F3FAEAF1C5" box="[1179,1290,404,428]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Argentina</collectingCountry>
in antennal coloration, having the last 6 segments of the flagellum light brown, and in the striae of the head and petiole being weaker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC17267FEFAF2ED" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC17267FF1DF271" bold="true" box="[199,253,512,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Egg.</emphasis>
Length of egg body 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E00626848AFEB7198FDB3F27E" box="[493,595,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" unit="mm" value="0.18">0.18 mm</quantity>
and caudal stalk 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E00626848AD1C7198FC60F27E" box="[794,896,511,535]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="13682A2E00626848AD967198FC06F27E" box="[912,998,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,191,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[155,1440,168,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 25. Biology and immature stages of Neolirata alta: 22, habitat; 23, Pseudabutilon virgatum; 24, underside of leaf of P. v i rg a t u m with eggs (magnified area with eggs); 25, planidium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222186/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
). The eggs are whitish and translucent with a smooth chorion, slightly flattened ventrally and convex dorsally. As in 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AA027242FB79F255" box="[1028,1177,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AA027242FB75F255" box="[1028,1173,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">N. daguerrei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the morphology of the egg is similar to other 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AF9C7220FDC7F236" box="[410,551,583,607]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Eucharitinae">Eucharitinae</taxonomicName>
as described by Heraty and Darling (1984), except the caudal stalk is thicker and shorter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC172E8FF23F286" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC172E8FEABF2C1" bold="true" box="[199,331,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Planidium.</emphasis>
Similar to the description of the planidium of the 
<typeStatus id="54E8880900626848AD7A72F7FC4CF2C1" box="[892,940,656,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">type</typeStatus>
species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AA1472F6FB40F2C1" box="[1042,1184,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AA1472F6FB40F2C1" box="[1042,1184,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">N. daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. As noted for planidia of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AEB072D2FEA6F2A5" box="[182,326,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEB072D2FEA6F2A5" box="[182,326,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">N. daguerrei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the ventral margin of TIX has a well-developed spine that extends beyond the caudal cerci (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E00626848AB6872D3FF57F286" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,191,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[155,1440,168,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 25. Biology and immature stages of Neolirata alta: 22, habitat; 23, Pseudabutilon virgatum; 24, underside of leaf of P. v i rg a t u m with eggs (magnified area with eggs); 25, planidium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222186/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC1729CFD0BF316" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC1729CFE2AF37D" bold="true" box="[199,458,763,788]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Habitat and location.</emphasis>
Specimens were collected in Los Baños, Rosario de la Frontera (Salta), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AB1C729BFA78F37D" box="[1306,1432,764,788]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-25.837223">25º50'14''S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AE917378FEFDF35E" box="[151,285,799,823]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-64.93194">64º55'55''W</geoCoordinate>
, at about 851 meters; Tapia (Tucumán), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848ACE77378FCBCF35E" box="[737,860,799,823]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-26.574167">26º34'27''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AD657378FC3CF35E" box="[867,988,799,823]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-65.28528">65º17'7''W</geoCoordinate>
, at about 707 meters and in 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AB137378FA7BF35E" box="[1301,1435,799,823]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">San Vicente</collectingCountry>
(Tucumán), 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AF257323FE70F335" box="[291,400,836,860]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-26.434721">26º26'5''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AF9F7323FDC0F335" box="[409,544,836,860]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-65.26417">65º15'51''W</geoCoordinate>
, about 740 meters. The latter location is typical of the Chaco ecoregion (Fig. 19). The host plant is distributed throughout the area.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC173EBFC42F385" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC173EBFEADF3CD" bold="true" box="[199,333,908,932]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Host Plant.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AF5373EBFD17F3CD" box="[341,759,908,932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pseudabutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virgatum">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AF5373EBFD83F3CD" box="[341,611,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Pseudabutilon virgatum</emphasis>
(Malvaceae)
</taxonomicName>
is a ligneous shrub that grows not more than 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E00626848AAF873EBFACAF3CD" box="[1278,1322,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
in height, persists year round, and blooms in the humid seasons (spring-summer); its leaves are ovate and marginally serrate and last to the beginning of the cold season (May-June) (Figs 20, 21).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC17390FDA0F4CB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC17390FD69F479" bold="true" box="[199,649,1015,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">General observations and collections.</emphasis>
Adults and the host plant in 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848ADDE7390FB83F466" box="[984,1123,1015,1039]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">San Vicente</collectingCountry>
, Tucumán were sampled in 2010 (
<date id="FFED106B00626848AED8747BFEB2F45D" box="[222,338,1052,1076]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="1924-03">March 24</date>
). The only female was collected ovipositing on 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AD72747AFC15F45D" box="[884,1013,1053,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Pseudabutilon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virgatum">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AD72747AFC15F45D" box="[884,1013,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">P. virgatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Figs 21, 22). The female oviposited ~ 
<specimenCount id="9D55FD2200626848AEA37425FF1CF432" box="[165,252,1090,1115]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" type="egg">32 eggs</specimenCount>
per mm2 at random between the spicules that form a pubescence on the underside of a leaf (
<figureCitation id="13682A2E00626848AAFB7425FAB1F433" box="[1277,1361,1090,1114]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 25" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1304,1327]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,191,1275]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[155,1440,168,1288]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 25. Biology and immature stages of Neolirata alta: 22, habitat; 23, Pseudabutilon virgatum; 24, underside of leaf of P. v i rg a t u m with eggs (magnified area with eggs); 25, planidium." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/222186/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Eggs hatched within 14 days, although some eggs with mature larvae did not hatch. The planidia, as in 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AB02740FFA7CF416" box="[1284,1436,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AB02740FFA77F416" box="[1284,1431,1127,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Neolirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daguerrei">N. daguerrei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
have the ability and the habit to jump.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC174C8FE26F566" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC174C8FEDFF4AE" bold="true" box="[199,319,1199,1223]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Host ants.</emphasis>
Unknown. However, there was a nest of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AD0974D7FBB2F4AE" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" box="[783,1106,1199,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ectatomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brunneum">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AD0974D7FBE7F4AE" box="[783,1031,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Ectatomma brunneum</emphasis>
Smith
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AA6774C8FB07F4AE" box="[1121,1255,1199,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AAF774C8FA75F4AE" box="[1265,1429,1199,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ectatomminae">Ectatomminae</taxonomicName>
) a few meters from where the female was collected. This nest was excavated, but we were not able to locate immature stages of 
<taxonomicName id="4C534D2800626848AF75749FFE5EF566" box="[371,446,1271,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Lirata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alta">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AF75749FFE5EF566" box="[371,446,1271,1295]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">N. alta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C349652000626848AEC1757DFD69F63B" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEC36AB00626848AEC1757DFD69F63B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AEC1757DFE55F55A" bold="true" box="[199,437,1306,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54E8880900626848AFC7757CFE19F55A" box="[449,505,1307,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Type</typeStatus>
female: 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AC62757CFD29F55A" box="[612,713,1307,1331]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
[no locality], UCRC_ENT 310053 (BMNH). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AAED757DFABDF55A" bold="true" box="[1259,1373,1306,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Amazona</emphasis>
: Ihla Jerusalém, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AF277558FE74F53E" box="[289,404,1343,1367]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-8.778055">8°46'41&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AF997558FDCDF53E" box="[415,557,1343,1367]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-63.952778">63°57'10&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00626848AC427558FD51F53E" box="[580,689,1343,1367]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="1964-09-05">5.ix.1964</date>
, J. &amp; B. Bechyne, UCRC_ENT 0 0 313858 and 0 0 313925 (2 Ƥ, BMNH). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AF0E7505FE59F512" bold="true" box="[264,441,1378,1403]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Espírito Santo</emphasis>
: Parque Sooretama, Linhares, [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AD377505FC52F513" box="[817,946,1378,1402]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-19.203611">19°12'13&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848ADB97505FBACF513" box="[959,1100,1378,1402]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-40.092777">40° 5'34&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00626848AA637505FB1CF513" box="[1125,1276,1378,1402]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="1962-10-17" valueMax="1962-10-27" valueMin="1962-10-17">17-27.x.1962</date>
, F.S. Pereira, UCR_ENT 0 0 0 36242 (1 Ƥ, MZSP). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AC3B75E1FD62F5F6" bold="true" box="[573,642,1414,1439]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Goias</emphasis>
[no locality], 1914, E. André, UCRC_ENT 0 0 0 0 6003 (1 Ƥ, MNHP). 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AE9175CDFEDDF5AB" box="[151,317,1450,1474]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AF4C75CDFE58F5AA" bold="true" box="[330,440,1450,1475]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Tucumán</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AFCC75CDFDB5F5AB" box="[458,597,1450,1474]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">San Vicente</collectingCountry>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AC6475CDFD2FF5AB" box="[610,719,1450,1474]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-26.434721">26º26'5''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848ACD175CDFCBEF5AB" box="[727,862,1450,1474]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-65.26417">65º15'51''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B00626848AD6D75CDFC07F5AB" box="[875,999,1450,1474]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="2010-03-24">24.iii.2010</date>
, J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357437 (1 Ƥ, IFML); Tapia, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AF6A75A8FE07F58E" box="[364,487,1487,1511]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-26.574167">26º34'27''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AFF475A8FD8BF58E" box="[498,619,1487,1511]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-65.28528">65º17'7''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFED106B00626848AC7C75A8FD16F58E" box="[634,758,1487,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="2012-03-20">20.iii.2012</date>
, J. Torréns, UCRC_ENT 0 0 242264 (1 Ƥ, MACN). 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AB5175A9FA74F58E" bold="true" box="[1367,1428,1486,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Salta</emphasis>
: Rosario de la Frontera, Hotel Termal, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AC777595FD0CF663" box="[625,748,1522,1546]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-25.837223">25º50'14''S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848ACFD7595FC62F663" box="[763,898,1522,1546]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-64.93194">64º55'55''W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CAB9B4E00626848AD937595FC06F663" box="[917,998,1522,1546]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.99" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" unit="m" value="899.0">899 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFED106B00626848ADFC7595FB96F663" box="[1018,1142,1522,1546]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="2003-03-20">20.iii.2003</date>
, J. Heraty, UCRC_ENT 0 0 357438 (1 Ƥ, IFML). 
<collectingCountry id="F344763B00626848AFBA7670FDA5F646" box="[444,581,1559,1583]" name="Uruguay" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">URUGUAY</collectingCountry>
, 
<emphasis id="B927EAB900626848AC527671FD01F646" bold="true" box="[596,737,1558,1583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">Montevideo</emphasis>
: [
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848ACFB7670FC9EF646" box="[765,894,1559,1583]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-34.883614">34°53'01&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE67506C00626848AD8C7670FBF9F646" box="[906,1049,1559,1583]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" precision="15" value="-56.181946">56°10'55&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
], 
<date id="FFED106B00626848AA367670FB7CF646" box="[1072,1180,1559,1583]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" value="1945-01-20">20.i.1945</date>
, Berry, Montev. Pars. Lab., UCRC_ENT 0 0 248044 (1 Ƥ, USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>