923 lines
138 KiB
XML
923 lines
138 KiB
XML
<document id="AD252C91613AA521C156EB159CFD2C00" ID-DOI="10.1080/02724634.2023.2285000" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642026" ID-ZooBank="A21E263E-9B2B-4C9B-9B1B-74B53C2CF535" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1707508374176" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Choo, Brian, Holland, Timothy, Clement, Alice M., King, Benedict, Challands, Tom, Young, Gavin & Long, John A." docDate="2024" docId="03FA695B4F73FFEA224BF8E6FF0F3AFB" docLanguage="en" docName="JVertPaleontol.CLXVI.CLXVI.e2285000.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (e 2285000) CLXVI (CLXVI)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02724634.2023.2285000" docTitle="Harajicadectes ZHUMINI 2024, gen. nov. et sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="BE175E16-EEE6-4B1C-B08F-64A341F47C71" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="FFC311234F70FFE02137FFDEFFE73D6D" masterDocTitle="A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle-Late Devonian of central AustraliaCitation for this article: Choo, B., Holland, T., Clement, A. M., King, B., Challands, T., Young, G., & amp; Long, J. A. (2024) A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle-Late Devonian of central Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2023.2285000" masterLastPageNumber="15" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1707508785561" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="38DA8CE04C942E3CEC5BCDA98FE96360">A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle-Late Devonian of central AustraliaCitation for this article: Choo, B., Holland, T., Clement, A. M., King, B., Challands, T., Young, G., & amp; Long, J. A. (2024) A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle-Late Devonian of central Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 02724634.2023.2285000</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="137F5D3A6B906DA9765D90276C6E4D69">Choo, Brian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7B0CA51D4E651F405FDFC1DE96BAB28B">College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C614343DC9970A1E88354D72B9ED8386" type="email">brian.choo@flinders.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="7B2F17E11609C95E4CCC98D20C847F2B">Holland, Timothy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="917A36FAB6B0E6A9B04B9ACE09858519">Geological Society of Australia, Hornsby, New South Wales, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7469CB62E798198B970C9F39E9BC47AC" type="email">drtimothyholland@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="3C81B76056F1A46D832EE94763D8231F">Clement, Alice M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C57A6EBCE32897C4670D4FCD90CED526">College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8845CE397801F1F5D6DE0A31376E5CF6" type="email">alice.clement@flinders.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FF3F174A9EFA321C98CA3687ACB5B37D">King, Benedict</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="24D05CBA5B60F54550F20EBA5233D71E">Department of Linguistic and Cultural Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology; Leipzig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="424551A6643F7245491A2B8BF7B0BBEB" type="email">benedict_king@eva.mpg.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2DD14CD4DE676A95420E4A1EBE2BDA43">Challands, Tom</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF7A592AC865A764F80CB03EDA14F1D8">School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, Edinburgh, U. K.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="711F3E5449C8CD7B83DC6CFB622AAA69" type="email">Tom.Challands@ed.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="F53351DB38E74C79F169B46B6FC8219E">Young, Gavin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C0C92915270118B314B565E307A6702">Research School of Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia & Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="21208255A6671A3AD7108B5608521DC8" type="email">gavinyoung51@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0491A0B8BBBD2D69F60228EF5FCA2E8E">Long, John A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C58108F1FD296534873744B57D89C3B">College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3055F1F9B083ABD227FE54D570F3730B" type="email">john.long@flinders.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E45A36D827032700DDA371B234EBE7DE">Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2E68C50CB1740D39A97D021FA38BFC59">
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<mods:date id="802F6B51A20EDCB612BCA70713CE7E34">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="B72FE3251399F611E227D578075E87E7">e 2285000</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="F193FDD21EEC5508AFB758EDBC7ADC1B">CLXVI</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0BDE10CB8BED325C2401373949828B69">CLXVI</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E6FEC08512D1CBB45CE8CBBFA882057F" type="Zenodo-Dep">10642026</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FA695B4F73FFEA224BF8E6FF0F3AFB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642030" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642030" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BE175E16-EEE6-4B1C-B08F-64A341F47C71" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA695B4F73FFEA224BF8E6FF0F3AFB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F73FFE3224BF8E6FA5D3A20" box="[892,1466,1848,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F73FFE3224BF8E6FA5D3A20" blockId="3.[892,1466,1701,1896]" box="[892,1466,1848,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0A46F214F73FFE3224BF8E6FA503A20" box="[892,1463,1848,1870]" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
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<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F73FFE3224BF8E6FB383A20" authority="ZHUMINI" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[892,1247,1848,1870]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B927045F4F73FFE3224BF8E6FB383A20" box="[892,1247,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">HARAJICADECTES ZHUMINI</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A214B9244F73FFE325DBF8E6FA5D3A20" box="[1260,1466,1848,1869]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" rank="species">gen. nov. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F73FFE32553F88CFB363A05" box="[1124,1233,1874,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F73FFE32553F88CFB363A05" blockId="3.[892,1466,1701,1896]" box="[1124,1233,1874,1896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F73FFE32559F88CFB2F3A05" box="[1134,1224,1874,1896]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStart-3="FIGURE 5" captionStart-4="FIGURE 6" captionStart-5="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="5.[130,219,1181,1201]" captionStartId-1="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionStartId-2="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionStartId-3="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionStartId-4="9.[130,219,1924,1944]" captionStartId-5="10.[130,219,1634,1654]" captionTargetBox-0="[170,1462,162,1153]" captionTargetBox-1="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetBox-2="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetBox-3="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetBox-4="[169,1463,1437,1898]" captionTargetBox-5="[171,1463,169,1607]" captionTargetId-0="figure-482@5.[168,1464,160,1156]" captionTargetId-1="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetId-2="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetId-3="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetId-4="figure-894@9.[168,1464,1436,1899]" captionTargetId-5="figure-167@10.[168,1464,160,1610]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="8" captionTargetPageId-4="9" captionTargetPageId-5="10" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Harajicadectes zhumini from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian–Frasnian), Northern Territory, Australia, Holotype NTM P6410. A, photographed as a natural mold in situ as it was discovered in 2016; B, as a whitened latex peel; and C, interpretative drawing." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Harajicadectes zhumini. A, scales adjacent to the 2nd dorsal fin, CPC 39953. B, scales from the anterior half of the body, CPC 39952." captionText-5="FIGURE 7. Harajicadectes zhumini. Reconstructed skull and pectoral girdle in A, dorsal and B, lateral view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642032" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642040" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642042" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10642032/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/10642040/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/10642042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">Figs. 2–7</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F73FFE4226FF844FD793C6B" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="3" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F73FFE3226FF844FAA03ADD" blockId="3.[856,1351,1946,1968]" box="[856,1351,1946,1968]" pageId="3" pageNumber="3">‘rhipidistian crossopterygian’: Young, 1985:246.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFF7EFD8E3DDB" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" box="[154,617,160,182]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">‘rhipidistian osteichthyan’: Young, 1991:107.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFF64FD333DBD" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" box="[154,724,186,208]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">‘osteolepid indet.’: Young, Long and Turner, 1993:248.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFF0BFD1A3D86" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" box="[154,765,213,235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">‘articulated sarcopterygians’: Young and Turner, 2000:107.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFF2EFD793C6B" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" box="[154,670,240,262]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">‘rhipidistian crossopterygian’: Clement, 2009:615.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFED4FF033C56" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFED4FF033C56" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
LSID. zoobank.org:pub:
|
||
<uuid id="FFF5E2984F74FFE420ADFED4FF033C56" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">A21E263E-9B2B-4C9B-9B1B-74B53 C2CF535</uuid>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFE9EFEC13CCB" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFE9EFD683C1D" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3BD2104F74FFE421ADFE9EFE7D3C3B" box="[154,410,320,342]" collectionCode="NTM" location="Amadeus Basin" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="NTM P6410" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFE9EFF1A3C38" bold="true" box="[154,253,320,341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F74FFE421ADFE9EFF1A3C38" box="[154,253,320,341]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF570364F74FFE42022FE9EFE7D3C3B" box="[277,410,320,342]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NTM P6410</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
: partial skull and much of the body outline in dorsal view with squamation preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFEABFEC13CCB" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B3BD2104F74FFE421ADFEABFE6E3CE6" box="[154,393,373,395]" collectionCode="CPC" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="CPC 39948" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFEABFF103CE7" bold="true" box="[154,247,373,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F74FFE421ADFEABFF103CE7" box="[154,247,373,394]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBF570364F74FFE42027FEABFE6E3CE6" box="[272,393,373,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC 39948</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
: partial skull, right post-temporal and right lower jaw.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFE74FF1C3ED6" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFE74FF1C3ED6" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFE74FEBF3CAD" bold="true" box="[154,344,426,448]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Referred Material</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42046FE74FE4C3CAD" box="[369,427,426,448]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99703: pectoral fin elements;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE423D1FE74FCC73CAD" box="[742,800,426,448]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704: crushed skull with mandibles in dorsal view;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42392FE1BFD303CB6" box="[677,727,453,475]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
24700: section of squamation and fragmentary jaw elements.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE423D9FE3EFCC73C9B" box="[750,800,480,502]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
24702: denticulated tooth surface, either a partial entopterygoid or prearticular dental plate.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE4208CFDCBFE0A3F46" box="[443,493,533,555]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39949: skull in palatal view (39949A) and a detached fragment of the snout tip (39949B);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE421B5FD94FF533F0D" box="[130,180,586,608]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39950: partial palate;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE420AEFD94FE2C3F0D" box="[409,459,586,608]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952: partial skull, left pectoral fin and scales from the anterior half of body;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42358FDBBFD463F16" box="[623,673,613,635]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39953: rear part of the body, comprising scales, median fins, and a fragmentary pelvic fin;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42018FD44FE863FDD" box="[303,353,666,688]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39954: detached pectoral fin with basal scute superimposed over flank squamation preserved in visceral aspect;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE421ECFD0EFEC13F88" box="[219,294,720,741]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
229354: partial palate and scales from the anterior body;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42014FD35FE893E6D" box="[291,366,747,768]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
228722: partial skull roof, left post-temporal, and right lower jaw in dorsal view.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42340FCD8FD253E76" box="[631,706,774,795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
229368: partial opercular-gular series, pectoral girdle, and body scales;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE421B5FCE5FF2A3E3D" box="[130,205,827,848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
253964: right mandible in lingual view;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE4234AFCE5FD2F3E3D" box="[637,712,827,848]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
253965: fragmentary right mandible and dermopalatine (253965A), and an associated complete left maxilla in mesial view (253965B);
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE421CBFC55FED13ECD" box="[252,310,907,928]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
P6411: section of vertebral column and associated scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFC1EFD313936" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFC1EFD313936" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFC1EFEEA3EB8" bold="true" box="[154,269,960,981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
—“Harajica Biter.” Named for the Harajica Sandstone Member and the ancient Greek
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42335FC04FDA53E9D" box="[514,578,986,1008]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">dektes</emphasis>
|
||
(“biter”) in reference to the animal’ s large fangs and presumed predatory habits. The species honors Professor Min Zhu of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499716AF4F74FFE42311FBF4FD94392D" box="[550,627,1066,1088]" country="China" name="Beijing" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Beijing</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F74FFE423B3FBF4FD22392D" box="[644,709,1066,1088]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, for his numerous contributions to early vertebrate paleontology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFBBEFD5239A8" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFBBEFD5239A8" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFBBEFE5C391B" bold="true" box="[154,443,1120,1142]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Type Locality and Horizon</emphasis>
|
||
—Harajica Sandstone Member of the Parke Siltstone. Locality 6 of Young (1985), about
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB75A84F74FFE423DAFBA4FCC739FD" box="[749,800,1146,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="2.0">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A5EC16F4F74FFE423DAFBA4FCC739FD" box="[749,800,1146,1168]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
southwest of the southern end of Stokes Pass,
|
||
<location id="8E8C8E964F74FFE42344FB4BFCFA39C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA695B4F73FFEA224BF8E6FF0F3AFB:8E8C8E964F74FFE42344FB4BFCFA39C6" box="[627,797,1173,1195]" name="Amadeus Basin" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" stateProvince="Northern Territory">Amadeus Basin</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499716AF4F74FFE421B4FB6EFEAD39AB" box="[131,330,1200,1222]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
<geologicalTimeScale id="F97358E64F74FFE42063FB6EFDF339AB" box="[340,532,1200,1222]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Givetian–Frasnian</geologicalTimeScale>
|
||
in age (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4235CFB6EFD4239AB" box="[619,677,1200,1222]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[130,219,1396,1416]" captionTargetBox="[174,1449,160,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-269@3.[170,1463,160,1372]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Locality maps for the fossil material described in this work. A, the Amadeus Basin of central Australia. All fossils were collected from locality 6 (redrawn from figure 1 in Young, 1985). B, geological map of western MacDonnell Ranges, NT, showing locality 6 about 2 km southwest of Stokes Pass (redrawn from figure 6 in Young, 1985). Abbreviations: Pzk, Paleozoic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642028/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFE421ADFB14FF0B3B6B" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADFB14FF0B3B6B" blockId="4.[130,801,160,1542]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421ADFB14FF18398D" bold="true" box="[154,255,1226,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
—Tetrapodomorph fish with greatly enlarged spiracular openings, comprising over 20% of the total length of the skull-roof, bordered by the tabular, extratemporal, and squamosal. Parietal and postparietals of roughly equal length. Elongate intertemporal that widens anteriorly. Posterior nasals narrower than the anterior and posterior supraorbitals. Median extrascapular tapers anteriorly into a V-shaped recess formed by the large rounded lateral extrascapulars. Elongate lanceolate parasphenoid with denticles larger on the anterior part of the bone. Scales display ridged ornamentation and lack cosmine. Anterior squamation cycloid, abruptly shifting to a rhombic shape on the rear flank.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3498BC64F74FFEA204DF99EFF0F3AFB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE4204DF99EFDCE3B3B" blockId="4.[130,800,1600,1969]" box="[378,553,1600,1622]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421B5F9B6FEDF3B10" blockId="4.[130,800,1600,1969]" box="[130,312,1640,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE421B5F9B6FEDF3B10" bold="true" box="[130,312,1640,1662]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">General Features</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE421ADF94EFB5B3CE6" blockId="4.[130,800,1600,1969]" lastBlockId="4.[832,1502,160,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F74FFE421F9F94EFECD3BCB" box="[206,298,1680,1702]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE4200BF94EFE9F3BCB" box="[316,376,1680,1702]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
P6410) preserves a head and fusiform body outline with a total length of 26.5 cm (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE42371F974FD993BAD" box="[582,638,1706,1728]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[130,219,1181,1201]" captionTargetBox="[170,1462,162,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-482@5.[168,1464,160,1156]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Harajicadectes zhumini from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian–Frasnian), Northern Territory, Australia, Holotype NTM P6410. A, photographed as a natural mold in situ as it was discovered in 2016; B, as a whitened latex peel; and C, interpretative drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642032/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The posterior end of the fossil terminates shortly before the caudal fin, suggesting an original total length of roughly
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB75A84F74FFE42343F93EFD553B98" box="[628,690,1760,1782]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
, assuming similar proportions to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE420E8F924FCC73A7D" authority="(Thomson, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[479,800,1786,1808]" family="Canowindridae" genus="Canowindra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE420E8F924FDB83A7D" box="[479,607,1786,1808]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Canowindra</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomson, 1973)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42190F8CBFEFC3A46" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[167,283,1813,1835]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42190F8CBFEFC3A46" box="[167,283,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Long et al., 2006; Long & Trinajstic, 2017). Assuming minimal distortion of the incompletely preserved skull bones, the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F74FFE42006F894FE6A3A0D" box="[305,397,1866,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
skull length is about 4.8 cm from the snout to the posterior margin of the post-parietals. The largest skull,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE421F5F85EFF1C3AFB" box="[194,251,1920,1942]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704, has a length of 7.6 cm, suggesting a fish
|
||
<quantity id="4CAB75A84F74FFE423CBF85EFF583ADD" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" unit="cm" value="47.5" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="45.0">45– 50 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4203BF844FE9A3ADD" box="[268,381,1946,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Only a few small patches of cranial dermal ornament are preserved, with faint impressions suggesting wavy ridges on the skull roof and a vermiculate pattern of short ridges and pores on the snout (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4246DFF0BFA293D86" box="[1370,1486,213,235]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sensory canals are also rarely preserved, restricted to short sections of lateral line canals on the lateral extrascapular of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42493FED5FA3A3C4D" box="[1444,1501,267,288]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
P6410 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE422BAFEFBFC113C56" box="[909,1014,293,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42506FEFBFB8D3C56" box="[1073,1130,293,315]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4258DFEFBFAC33C56" box="[1210,1316,293,315]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
) and on the squamosal of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42295FE9EFC343C3B" box="[930,979,320,342]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE42510FE9EFB743C38" box="[1063,1171,320,342]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). A reconstruction of the complete skull, opercular-gular series, and pectoral girdle in articulation is presented in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE42557FEABFB513CE6" box="[1120,1206,373,395]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[130,219,1634,1654]" captionTargetBox="[171,1463,169,1607]" captionTargetId="figure-167@10.[168,1464,160,1610]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Harajicadectes zhumini. Reconstructed skull and pectoral girdle in A, dorsal and B, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642042/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Figure 7</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE42277FE66FC923CA3" blockId="4.[832,1502,440,1968]" box="[832,885,440,462]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<heading id="D0A46F214F74FFE42277FE66FC923CA3" bold="true" box="[832,885,440,462]" fontSize="9" level="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" reason="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42277FE66FC923CA3" bold="true" box="[832,885,440,462]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Skull</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE4226FFE3EFA253E9D" blockId="4.[832,1502,440,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE4226FFE3EFC733C9B" bold="true" box="[856,916,480,502]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Snout</emphasis>
|
||
—Various regions of the snout are preserved throughout different specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE4250BFE24FB373F7D" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[1084,1232,506,528]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE4250BFE24FB373F7D" box="[1084,1232,506,528]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE425D2FE24FACB3F7D" box="[1253,1324,506,528]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[130,219,1181,1201]" captionTargetBox="[170,1462,162,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-482@5.[168,1464,160,1156]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Harajicadectes zhumini from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian–Frasnian), Northern Territory, Australia, Holotype NTM P6410. A, photographed as a natural mold in situ as it was discovered in 2016; B, as a whitened latex peel; and C, interpretative drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642032/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE42409FE24FAAD3F7D" box="[1342,1354,506,528]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4246BFE24FA8F3F7D" box="[1372,1384,506,528]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">5</figureCitation>
|
||
), with the median post rostral and nasals best shown in NMV P228722 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4227EFDEEFC5E3F28" box="[841,953,560,582]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The median post rostral is an anteroposteriorly elongate hexagon, approximately half the length of the parietals, and is the width of a single parietal. It is laterally bordered on each side by smaller single nasal bones, which closely match the median post-rostral in shape. Lateral abutment of the median post rostral by single nasal bones is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42460FD6BFC2B3F88" authority="(Jarvik, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1952" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42460FD6BFA393FA6" box="[1367,1502,693,715]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Eusthenodon</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1952)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42534FD0EFA913F88" authority="(Fox et al., 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1027,1398,720,742]" family="Megalichthyidae" genus="Cladarosymblema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42534FD0EFB5B3F8B" box="[1027,1212,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Cladarosymblema</emphasis>
|
||
(Fox et al., 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, although the configuration and number of nasals varies within these taxa. At least two small sub-hexagonal nasals anteriorly straddle the median post-rostral. Both are approximately half the length of the median post rostral but equal in width. A small bone may sit in between these two anterior nasals, and is approximately 1/6 the width of each. A small rectangular anterior tectal and lateral rostral bones are situated between the anterior suborbital and premaxilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE422ACFC7BFC3C3ED6" box="[923,987,933,955]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE422DFFC7BFC133ED6" box="[1000,1012,933,955]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">5</figureCitation>
|
||
). A single pair of external nostrils was present, with the only unambiguous nostril visible on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42433FC1EFAD23EBB" box="[1284,1333,960,982]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39949B, entirely enclosed by the anterior tectal and lateral rostral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4247FFC04FA553E9D" box="[1352,1458,986,1008]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE4226FFC2BFA8639AB" blockId="4.[832,1502,440,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE4226FFC2BFC2C3966" bold="true" box="[856,971,1013,1035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Skull Roof</emphasis>
|
||
—The parietal and postparietals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42470FC2BFA393966" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[1351,1502,1013,1035]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42470FC2BFA393966" box="[1351,1502,1013,1035]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE4227EFBCEFC66394B" box="[841,897,1040,1062]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) are of roughly equal anteroposterior length. This is a condition also seen in tristichopterids (Schultze & Reed, 2012; Young et al., 2013) and elpistostegalians (Vorobyeva, 1980; Cloutier et al., 2020), whereas more basally-branching forms such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42277FBA4FB6539FD" authority="(Long et al., 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[832,1154,1146,1168]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42277FBA4FC5339FD" box="[832,948,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE425A7FBA4FAD539FD" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[1168,1330,1146,1168]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE425A7FBA4FAD539FD" box="[1168,1330,1146,1168]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F74FFE42475FBA4FA7D39FD" box="[1346,1434,1146,1168]" name="Netherlands" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010), and canowindrids (Long, 1985b) typically possess postparietals that are significantly longer than the parietals.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE4226FFB14FBE33BB6" blockId="4.[832,1502,440,1968]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The parietal shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F74FFE42502FB14FB96398D" box="[1077,1137,1226,1248]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) is well preserved in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42469FB14FA7F398D" box="[1374,1432,1226,1248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704 and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F74FFE42293FB38FBE53996" box="[932,1026,1254,1275]" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE42527FB3BFBA53996" box="[1040,1090,1253,1275]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39948, while only the parietals are visible in NMV P228722. The parietals are elongate, sub-rectangular bones, being three times as long as wide and slightly smaller or equal in length to the postparietals, a condition seen in some specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42554FA8EFA493808" authority="(Thomson, 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1123,1454,1360,1382]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gyroptychius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42554FA8EFB16380B" box="[1123,1265,1360,1382]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Gyroptychius</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomson, 1965)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and tristichopterid taxa such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE4255EFAB4FC9D38F6" authority="(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE4255EFAB4FB0038ED" box="[1129,1255,1386,1408]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42285FA5BFB1138F6" authority="(Jarvik, 1980)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[946,1270,1413,1435]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenopteron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42285FA5BFBBE38F6" box="[946,1113,1413,1435]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Eusthenopteron</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1980)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The anterior margin of each parietal varies between being pointed, to laterally border the median post rostral, or concave to surround the posterior-most nasal bone. The median suture between the parietals is visible in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F74FFE422DAFA2EFBF83B6B" box="[1005,1055,1520,1542]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39948 and NMV P228722, with the latter clearly showing a small circular opening for the pineal foramen, as opposed to the large kite-shaped pineal bone of tristichopterids such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42509F99EFA843B38" authority="(Jarvik, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1086,1379,1600,1622]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42509F99EFB2D3B3B" box="[1086,1226,1600,1622]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Eusthenodon</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1952)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE424BCF99EFB373B1D" authority="(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE424BCF99EFC933B1D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In megalichthyids the pineal foramen is closed (Fox et al., 1995; Janvier et al., 2007; Thomson, 1964). The posterior end of both parietals is wider than the anterior edge of both postparietals. Parietal pit lines are not preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F74FFE5226FF93EFD6F38B4" blockId="4.[832,1502,440,1968]" lastBlockId="5.[130,801,1315,1951]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The intertemporal is elongate, being three times as long as wide, and is approximately equal in length to the supratemporal and tabular of the postparietal shield. Towards the anterior end, the intertemporal widens, with a transverse anterior margin. This differs from the narrow, pointed anterior end of the intertemporal in tristichopterids (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE425A2F8BBFADE3A16" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1980" box="[1173,1337,1893,1915]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenopteron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE425A2F8BBFADE3A16" box="[1173,1337,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Eusthenopteron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42479F8BBFA303A16" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[1358,1495,1893,1915]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42479F8BBFA303A16" box="[1358,1495,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Eusthenodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE42277F85EFC5B3AFB" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[832,956,1920,1942]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE42277F85EFC5B3AFB" box="[832,956,1920,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE422FFF85EFB863AFB" baseAuthorityName="Ahlberg & Johanson" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[968,1121,1920,1942]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Cabonnichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE422FFF85EFB863AFB" box="[968,1121,1920,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Cabonnichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F74FFE4255AF85EFB133AFB" authorityName="Young, Dunstone, Senden & Young" authorityYear="2013" box="[1133,1268,1920,1942]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Edenopteron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F74FFE4255AF85EFB133AFB" box="[1133,1268,1920,1942]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="4">Edenopteron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Ahlberg & Johanson, 1997; Jarvik, 1944, 1952; Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997; Young et al., 2019). The anterior end is also pointed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52319FAFDFF1D383E" authority="(Fox et al., 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1995" family="Megalichthyidae" genus="Cladarosymblema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52319FAFDFD0D3854" box="[558,746,1315,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Cladarosymblema</emphasis>
|
||
(Fox et al., 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas an anteriorly broad intertemporal is seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE521B5FA86FEC33803" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[130,292,1368,1390]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE521B5FA86FEC33803" box="[130,292,1368,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F75FFE52002FA86FE6A3803" box="[309,397,1368,1390]" name="Netherlands" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE5237DFA86FF5A38E4" authority="(Lebedev, 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Lebedev" baseAuthorityYear="1995" family="Medoevididae" genus="Medoevia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE5237DFA86FD483803" box="[586,687,1368,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Medoevia</emphasis>
|
||
(Lebedev, 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, in the latter two taxa the intertemporal is relatively shorter compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52085FA50FDA038C9" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[434,583,1422,1444]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52085FA50FDA038C9" box="[434,583,1422,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The ‘posterior postorbital’ in an equivalent position in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE520C9FA76FD9938D3" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[510,638,1448,1470]" family="Canowindridae" genus="Canowindra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE520C9FA76FD9938D3" box="[510,638,1448,1470]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Canowindra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also broader anteriorly and pointed posteriorly (Long, 1985b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2C88C54F75FFE521B5FB43FAA739A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642032" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642032/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" startId="5.[130,219,1181,1201]" targetBox="[170,1462,162,1153]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F75FFE521B5FB43FAA739A4" blockId="5.[130,1503,1181,1225]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">
|
||
FIGURE 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE521C2FB43FE2C39DC" box="[245,459,1181,1201]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhumini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE521C2FB43FE2C39DC" box="[245,459,1181,1201]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Harajicadectes zhumini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian–Frasnian), Northern Territory, Australia, Holotype NTM P6410.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE521B5FB6BFF7339A5" bold="true" box="[130,148,1205,1224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
|
||
, photographed as a natural mold in situ as it was discovered in 2016;
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52217FB6BFCC939A5" bold="true" box="[800,814,1205,1224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
|
||
, as a whitened latex peel; and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52578FB6BFBB939A5" bold="true" box="[1103,1118,1205,1224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
|
||
, interpretative drawing.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F75FFE521ADFA00FC683803" blockId="5.[130,801,1315,1951]" lastBlockId="5.[832,1503,1315,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Both posterior and anterior supraorbitals are short, but broad. The posterior supraorbital has a blunt or rounded posterior end, distinct from the pointed corresponding region of the posterior supraorbital in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52014F9F0FDA53B2E" authority="(Jarvik, 1952)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[291,578,1582,1604]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52014F9F0FE4B3B29" box="[291,428,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Eusthenodon</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1952)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52379F9F0FE853B33" authority="(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52379F9F0FD2D3B29" box="[590,714,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
(Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE520AEF996FF5A3B14" authority="(Ahlberg & Johanson, 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Ahlberg & Johanson" baseAuthorityYear="1997" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Cabonnichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE520AEF996FDD33B33" box="[409,564,1608,1630]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Cabonnichthys</emphasis>
|
||
(Ahlberg & Johanson, 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The right posterior supraorbital on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE5230EF9BDFD8D3B14" box="[569,618,1635,1657]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 appears to be either broken or could be two separate bones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE523BBF9A0FD113BFE" box="[652,758,1662,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). A strip of narrow, fluted bone delineates the anterior margin of the postparietals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE52016F96DFE723BA4" box="[289,405,1715,1737]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3C–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each postparietal has a narrow anterior section, and broadens posteriorly so the rear half of the bone is more than double the anterior breadth. The postparietals are joined at a gently undulating median suture, and the posterior margins are relatively straight, as in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE523BBF8C0FF4F3A23" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="1985" family="Tristichopteridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Tristichopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1996; Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997; Young et al., 2013, 2019). In contrast, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE5205BF88DFD543A04" authority="(Long et al., 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[364,691,1875,1897]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE5205BF88DFE073A04" box="[364,480,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 2006)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, canowindrids (Long, 1985b, 1987), and the megalichthyid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE523A8F8B0FE503AF3" authority="(Schultze & Chorn, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Schultze & Chorn" baseAuthorityYear="1998" genus="Litoptychius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE523A8F8B0FCC73AE9" box="[671,800,1902,1924]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Litoptychius</emphasis>
|
||
(Schultze & Chorn, 1998)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the posterior margin of the postparietal shield displays some form of curvature or projection. A faint pitline is visible crossing the left postparietal in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE524A4FAE0FA39383E" box="[1427,1502,1342,1363]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
228722.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F75FFE5226FFAADFA553B33" blockId="5.[832,1503,1315,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The supratemporals are located laterally to the anterior portion of each postparietal, with the best-preserved examples visible on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE52285FA77FC0438D2" box="[946,995,1449,1471]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE52509FA77FB5738D3" box="[1086,1200,1449,1471]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE525C2FA77FAC938D2" box="[1269,1326,1449,1471]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE524BEFA77FCB338B4" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Each supratemporal is relatively large and roughly semi-circular, exhibiting a wide convex lateral border. This width is over double that of the anterior breadth of a postparietal. It is of roughly equal length to the tabular, in contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52467F9CDFC293B29" authority="(Jarvik, 1950)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1950" class="Coelacanthi" genus="Glyptopomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coelacanthiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52467F9CDFA3A3B44" box="[1360,1501,1555,1577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Glyptopomus</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1950)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52534F9F0FAC23B29" authority="(Vorobjeva, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Vorobjeva" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1027,1317,1582,1604]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Jarvikina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52534F9F0FB863B29" box="[1027,1121,1582,1604]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Jarvikina</emphasis>
|
||
(Vorobjeva, 1977)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where the supratemporal is approximately double the length of the tabular.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F75FFE5226FF9BDFC3C3A04" blockId="5.[832,1503,1315,1950]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">
|
||
The tabulars are elongate and sub-rectangular, about half the width of the supratemporal. This is distinct amongst tetrapodomorph fish except for the basally-branching rhizodontid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE524B1F946FAE73BA4" authority="(Johanson & Ahlberg, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="2001" genus="Gooloogongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE524B1F946FC623BA4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Gooloogongia</emphasis>
|
||
(Johanson & Ahlberg, 2001)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However, unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52277F910FC323B89" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[832,981,1742,1764]" genus="Gooloogongia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52277F910FC323B89" box="[832,981,1742,1764]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Gooloogongia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the tabulars in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE5259EF910FAA73B89" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[1193,1344,1742,1764]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE5259EF910FAA73B89" box="[1193,1344,1742,1764]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
flank greatly enlarged external openings for the spiracular chambers. As in rhizodontids and ‘osteolepidids,’ the tabulars are bordered laterally by the extratemporals. These are triangular, and slightly wider than the tabulars.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F75FFE52556F8E6FB063A23" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1121,1249,1848,1870]" family="Canowindridae" genus="Canowindra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F75FFE52556F8E6FB063A23" box="[1121,1249,1848,1870]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Canowindra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has a triangular extratemporal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F75FFE6226FF8B0FE513A16" blockId="5.[832,1503,1315,1950]" lastBlockId="6.[130,801,1733,1968]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Cranial preservation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F75FFE525BDF8B0FB013AE9" box="[1162,1254,1902,1924]" pageId="5" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE525CDF8B0FAD83AE9" box="[1274,1343,1902,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[130,219,1181,1201]" captionTargetBox="[170,1462,162,1153]" captionTargetId="figure-482@5.[168,1464,160,1156]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Harajicadectes zhumini from the Harajica Sandstone Member (Givetian–Frasnian), Northern Territory, Australia, Holotype NTM P6410. A, photographed as a natural mold in situ as it was discovered in 2016; B, as a whitened latex peel; and C, interpretative drawing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642032" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642032/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE52467F8B0FA753AEE" box="[1360,1426,1902,1924]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE5249BF8B0FA3A3AE9" box="[1452,1501,1902,1924]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE522A4F856FBED3AF3" box="[915,1034,1928,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F75FFE52562F856FB613AF3" box="[1109,1158,1928,1950]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F75FFE525D1F856FABE3AF3" box="[1254,1369,1928,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) reveal the natural boundary between the skull roof and the cheek unit. The most conspicuous character is the greatly enlarged spiracular opening, accounting for between 25–30% of the total length of the skull roof. The opening is bordered posteromesially by the tabular and extratemporal, anterolaterally by the squamosal (and preopercular if present). The bony slit appears to have been open-ended posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2C88C54F76FFE621B5F9EEFC523B31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" startId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" targetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F76FFE621B5F9EEFC523B31" blockId="6.[130,1502,1584,1628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">
|
||
FIGURE 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F76FFE621C3F9EEFE2C3B29" box="[244,459,1584,1604]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhumini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE621C3F9EEFE2C3B29" box="[244,459,1584,1604]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Harajicadectes zhumini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE6255FF9EEFB9D3B2E" bold="true" box="[1128,1146,1584,1603]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">A</emphasis>
|
||
, photographs and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62413F9EEFAD53B2E" bold="true" box="[1316,1330,1584,1603]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
|
||
, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62018F996FEBE3B36" bold="true" box="[303,345,1608,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">C–D</emphasis>
|
||
, CPC 39948 (paratype);
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62376F996FD813B36" bold="true" box="[577,614,1608,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
, NMVP 228722;
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62231F996FCD33B36" bold="true" box="[774,820,1608,1627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
, AMF 99704.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F76FFE621ADF85EFA503A17" blockId="6.[130,801,1733,1968]" lastBlockId="6.[832,1502,1733,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">
|
||
The spiracle is a minute slit in the majority of early osteichthyans (Jarvik, 1980). Among Devonian forms, enlarged spiracular openings are present in the marine tetrapodomorph
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F76FFE6245BF91BFBD43B98" authority="(Long et al., 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="2006" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE6245BF91BFA3A3BB6" box="[1388,1501,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 2006)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, elpistostegalian-grade stem-tetrapods (Brazeau & Ahlberg, 2006; Cloutier et al., 2020; Daeschler et al., 2006) and the actinopterygian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F76FFE6254FF8CBFA5C3A47" authority="(Choo et al., 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Choo" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[1144,1467,1813,1835]" genus="Pickeringius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE6254FF8CBFB133A46" box="[1144,1268,1813,1835]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Pickeringius</emphasis>
|
||
(Choo et al., 2019)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F76FFE62277F8EEFB883A28" authority="(Long et al., 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[832,1135,1840,1862]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62277F8EEFC563A2B" box="[832,945,1840,1862]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 2006)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the tabulars have ventrally directed laminae forming a sloping wall to the enlarged spiracles, but these (if present) are not displayed in the tabulars of
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE62411F8BBFA563A16" box="[1318,1457,1893,1915]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Harijicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F76FFE7226FF85EFAB03BE6" blockId="6.[832,1502,1733,1968]" lastBlockId="7.[832,1502,1573,1968]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F76FFE6226FF85EFC7D3AFB" bold="true" box="[856,922,1920,1942]" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Cheek</emphasis>
|
||
—The maxilla is preserved in articulation in a number of specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F76FFE62289F844FBD73ADD" box="[958,1072,1946,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Figs. 3A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F76FFE62574F844FB663ADD" box="[1091,1153,1946,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and NMV P253965 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F76FFE624B2F844FA333ADD" box="[1413,1492,1946,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="6">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
) includes a complete disarticulated example in mesial view. It is an elongate bar-like bone, approximately equal in length to the parietal and postparietal combined. While there is individual variation in proportions, in all specimens the bone gently tapers anteriorly to a similar extent to the maxilla of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE7232DF951FD5F3BC8" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[538,696,1679,1701]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE7232DF951FD5F3BC8" box="[538,696,1679,1701]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F77FFE723FCF951FCC73BC8" box="[715,800,1679,1701]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010), but substantially less than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE723ABF974FEEB3BB7" authority="(Miall, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Miall" baseAuthorityYear="1885" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Megalichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE723ABF974FCC73BAD" box="[668,800,1706,1728]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Megalichthys</emphasis>
|
||
(Miall, 1885)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE72029F91BFDB53BB7" authority="(Traquair, 1881)" baseAuthorityName="Traquair" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[286,594,1733,1755]" family="Rhizodopsidae" genus="Rhizodopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72029F91BFE7D3BB6" box="[286,410,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Rhizodopsis</emphasis>
|
||
(Traquair, 1881)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE72353F91BFF1C3B98" authority="(Long et al., 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="1997" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72353F91BFD323BB6" box="[612,725,1733,1755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE72002F93EFDF13B98" authority="(Jessen, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Jessen" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[309,534,1759,1781]" class="Coelacanthi" genus="Latvius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coelacanthiformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72002F93EFE673B98" box="[309,384,1760,1781]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Latvius</emphasis>
|
||
(Jessen, 1973)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In mesial view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE723FFF901FCF63B98" box="[712,785,1759,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
), the bone flares dorsally at the contact with the premaxilla, indicating the presence of a substantial infraorbital overlap surface. Posteriorly, the maxilla tapers slightly towards a rounded tip. Numerous sharp, conical teeth are positioned along the ventral margin except for the posterior 15%. More than 45 teeth are present on NMV P253965. The internal surface of this specimen shows a continuous ridge diverging from the tooth row with an anterodorsally directed flange at the anterior extremity. This feature, which contributes to the posterior margin of the choana, is also present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE722CDF984FA8A3B1D" authority="(Fox et al., 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Fox" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[1018,1389,1626,1648]" family="Megalichthyidae" genus="Cladarosymblema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE722CDF984FB563B1D" box="[1018,1201,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Cladarosymblema</emphasis>
|
||
(Fox et al., 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE7244CF984FC033BE6" authority="(Lebedev, 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Lebedev" baseAuthorityYear="1995" family="Medoevididae" genus="Medoevia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE7244CF984FA393B1D" box="[1403,1502,1626,1648]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Medoevia</emphasis>
|
||
(Lebedev, 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE7252AF9ABFAB53BE6" authority="(Long et al., 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1053,1362,1653,1675]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE7252AF9ABFB693BE6" box="[1053,1166,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2C88C54F77FFE721B5FA5BFA6A38A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" startId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" targetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F77FFE721B5FA5BFA6A38A4" blockId="7.[130,1502,1413,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
FIGURE 4.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE721C0FA5BFE2938F4" box="[247,462,1413,1433]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhumini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE721C0FA5BFE2938F4" box="[247,462,1413,1433]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Harajicadectes zhumini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, snout, jaws, and palate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72382FA5BFD2038F5" bold="true" box="[693,711,1413,1432]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">A</emphasis>
|
||
, photograph and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE7225BFA58FC9D38F4" bold="true" box="[876,890,1414,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
|
||
, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE721E5FA43FF0638DD" bold="true" box="[210,225,1437,1456]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">C</emphasis>
|
||
, photograph and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE720BEFA40FE7E38DC" bold="true" box="[393,409,1438,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">D</emphasis>
|
||
, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE7226FFA40FC8038DC" bold="true" box="[856,871,1438,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">E</emphasis>
|
||
, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72421FA40FAC638DC" bold="true" box="[1302,1313,1438,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">F</emphasis>
|
||
, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72361FA6BFD8138A5" bold="true" box="[598,614,1461,1480]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">G</emphasis>
|
||
, photograph,
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE723DEFA68FD1C38A4" bold="true" box="[745,763,1462,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">H</emphasis>
|
||
, drawing, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE722B1FA68FC6938A4" bold="true" box="[902,910,1462,1481]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">I</emphasis>
|
||
, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F77FFE7226FF951FAC73A16" blockId="7.[832,1502,1573,1968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The lachrymal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE722C9F951FB483BC8" box="[1022,1199,1679,1701]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Figs. 3C, D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE7258BF951FB123BC8" box="[1212,1269,1679,1701]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) has a steep posterior suture with the jugal and has a short, posterodorsal concavity that contributes to the relatively small orbit. Based on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F77FFE7249BF91BFA3A3BB6" box="[1452,1501,1733,1755]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE722A6F901FBE03B98" box="[913,1031,1759,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), the jugal is rectangular in shape and of similar size to the lachrymal, with a narrow anterodorsal contribution to the orbit. The postorbital (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE725E6F8CBFA613A46" box="[1233,1414,1813,1835]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3C, D, G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
) is preserved only in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F77FFE722D5F8EEFBF43A2B" box="[994,1043,1840,1862]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F77FFE725A4F8EEFB2B3A2B" box="[1171,1228,1840,1862]" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704. Unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE72444F8EEFA393A2B" authorityName="Valenciennes" authorityYear="1829" box="[1395,1502,1840,1862]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Osteolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72444F8EEFA393A2B" box="[1395,1502,1840,1862]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Osteolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F77FFE72244F894FB223A0D" authority="(Long et al., 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Long" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[883,1221,1866,1888]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Gogonasus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F77FFE72244F894FC003A0D" box="[883,999,1866,1888]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Gogonasus</emphasis>
|
||
(Long et al., 1997)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the postorbital does not extend posteriorly as far as the spiracular slit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F77FFE8226FF85EFE1538DC" blockId="7.[832,1502,1573,1968]" lastBlockId="8.[130,801,1222,1964]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">
|
||
The squamosal is incompletely known, with partial examples preserved on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F77FFE722E5F844FBE43ADD" box="[978,1027,1946,1968]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE7256EF844FB203ADD" box="[1113,1223,1946,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F77FFE725E9F844FAE83ADD" box="[1246,1295,1946,1968]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F77FFE72452F844FA283ADD" box="[1381,1487,1946,1968]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE82186FB18FF0D39B1" box="[177,234,1222,1244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">AMF</collectionCode>
|
||
99704 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82077FB18FE4839B1" box="[320,431,1222,1244]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is a large bone, comparable in size to the entire postparietal shield. The entire posterodorsal margin forms most of the anterolateral margin of the spiracular slit, with a short anteromedial concavity to accommodate the lateral curvature of the supratemporal. The quadratojugal, visible only in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE8201EFA95FEBD380C" box="[297,346,1355,1377]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82080FA95FDC0380C" box="[439,551,1355,1377]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), is a triangular bone, roughly 1/7th the size of the squamosal with which it sutures anterodorsally. An unambiguous preopercular has not been identified in the available material.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2C88C54F78FFE821B5FBEEFE1D39E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" startId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" targetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F78FFE821B5FBEEFE1D39E1" blockId="8.[130,1502,1072,1164]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
FIGURE 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE821C3FBEEFE2C3929" box="[244,459,1072,1092]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhumini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE821C3FBEEFE2C3929" box="[244,459,1072,1092]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Harajicadectes zhumini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, body and fins.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE8236FFBEEFD8D392E" bold="true" box="[600,618,1072,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">A</emphasis>
|
||
, photograph and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE8223CFBEEFCFE392E" bold="true" box="[779,793,1072,1091]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">B</emphasis>
|
||
, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE821FAFB96FF3B3936" bold="true" box="[205,220,1096,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">C</emphasis>
|
||
, squamation and
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE82049FB96FE693936" bold="true" box="[382,398,1096,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">D</emphasis>
|
||
, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE82474FB96FA8F3936" bold="true" box="[1347,1384,1096,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">E–F</emphasis>
|
||
, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952.
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE822F2FBBEFC14391E" bold="true" box="[965,1011,1120,1139]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">G–H</emphasis>
|
||
, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F78FFE821ADFA68FE3A3BD1" blockId="8.[130,801,1222,1964]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE821ADFA68FED238A6" bold="true" box="[154,309,1462,1483]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Extrascapulars</emphasis>
|
||
—The extrascapular series (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82357FA68FD4438A1" box="[608,675,1462,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Figs. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82385FA68FD5938A1" box="[690,702,1462,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">5</figureCitation>
|
||
) consists of paired lateral and a single median element. One complete lateral extrascapular is preserved in position in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE82392FA35FD313B6C" box="[677,726,1515,1537]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33948 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE821BBF9D8FEE33B71" box="[140,260,1542,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE82079F9D9FE7E3B71" box="[334,409,1543,1564]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
228722 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82332F9D8FD9F3B71" box="[517,632,1542,1564]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a partial median extrascapular is visible on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE820C7F9FFFDC63B5A" box="[496,545,1569,1591]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952. The lateral units are large, semicircular bones, of comparable size to the parietal shield.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE821E1F989FEC63B01" box="[214,289,1623,1644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
228722 shows ornamental grooves radiating from the ossification center of the bone. The median extrascapular is a triangular bone, about half the size of the laterals, which tapers towards an anterior point.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F78FFE821ADF91FFC11399A" blockId="8.[130,801,1222,1964]" lastBlockId="8.[832,1502,1222,1964]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE821ADF91FFE273BBA" bold="true" box="[154,448,1729,1751]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Palate and Ethmosphenoid</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F78FFE820EFF91FFDEE3BBA" box="[472,521,1729,1751]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
33949A (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE8234DF91FFD073BBB" box="[634,736,1729,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4G–I</figureCitation>
|
||
) preserves the best example of the palatal anatomy. The parasphenoid is an elongate, lanceolate element with a denticulated surface that tapers towards a rounded posterior extremity. The anterior tip is not clearly visible, but the lateral contours and posterior embayment formed by the vomers indicate that it gently tapers towards the front. The denticles are distinctly larger on the anterior half of the bone, with a slightly raised single row of denticles along the posterolateral margins surrounding a central depression that housed the buccohypophyseal foramen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F78FFE8226FFB25FA903B5B" blockId="8.[832,1502,1222,1964]" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
A worn right vomer is visible in its natural position, bearing two pronounced conical fangs. The vomer consists of a broad, lateral section with a straight posterior margin, lacking the tapering posterior projections present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE825EAFA95FC9E3811" authority="(Jarvik, 1980)" baseAuthorityName="Jarvik" baseAuthorityYear="1980" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Eusthenopteron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE825EAFA95FA66380C" box="[1245,1409,1355,1377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Eusthenopteron</emphasis>
|
||
(Jarvik, 1980)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and mandageriines (Young et al., 2013, 2019). A narrow anteromedial ramus projects towards a presumed contact with the opposite vomer, forming an embayment to accommodate the anterior tip of the parasphenoid. The vomer of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE82461FA68FA3938A1" baseAuthorityName="Miall" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1366,1502,1462,1484]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Megalichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE82461FA68FA3938A1" box="[1366,1502,1462,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Megalichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also possesses a medially directed extension (Jarvik, 1966). In that taxon the bone gently tapers towards the midline of the palate, rather than being sharply separated into a narrow medial and broad lateral sections as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE825EBF9FFFA963B5A" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[1244,1393,1569,1591]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE825EBF9FFFA963B5A" box="[1244,1393,1569,1591]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F78FFE9226FF9E5FE963C6B" blockId="8.[832,1502,1222,1964]" lastBlockId="9.[130,801,160,1168]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">
|
||
The denticulated surfaces of both entopterygoids are preserved, although heavily fractured due to post-mortem compression. A wedge-shaped mass of bone to the right of the parasphenoid (left in palatal view) might represent a discrete element (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F78FFE82298F978FBE03BD1" box="[943,1031,1702,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
|
||
), perhaps comparable to the ‘accessory vomers’ first described from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE82584F91FFAD43BBA" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1203,1331,1729,1751]" family="Canowindridae" genus="Canowindra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Canowindra</taxonomicName>
|
||
tristichopterids
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE82277F905FC5B3B9C" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[832,956,1755,1777]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE82277F905FC5B3B9C" box="[832,956,1755,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F78FFE822CAF905FB7F3B9C" baseAuthorityName="Ahlberg & Johanson" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1021,1176,1755,1777]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Cabonnichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F78FFE822CAF905FB7F3B9C" box="[1021,1176,1755,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="8">Cabonnichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ahlberg & Johanson, 1997; Johanson & Ahlberg, 1997). In the absence of an unambiguous counterpart on the left side and without supporting evidence from additional specimens, this is currently interpreted as a fractured section of the entopterygoid. Denticles are larger in the anterior parts of the entopterygoids, particularly along the lateral margins, becoming progressively finer and more scattered towards the posterior, with the rear quarter of the bone being almost devoid of ornamentation. The dermopalatines and ectopterygoids are preserved, but the suture between them is difficult to discern. Each bone bears a single stout, conical fang, mesial to a row of fine denticles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE921ADFED4FF033CB6" blockId="9.[130,801,160,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Small sections of the ethmosphenoid floor are visible adjacent to the parasphenoid, although insufficiently preserved to accurately determine the overall shape. A broken section to the left (right in palatal view) of the parasphenoid and partially underlain by the entopterygoid bears a prominent subcranial muscle scar. A roughened semicircular surface immediately posterior of the parasphenoid likely represents the rim of the notochordal chamber.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE921ADFE3EFEC53E3D" blockId="9.[130,801,160,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE921ADFE3EFEF63C98" bold="true" box="[154,273,480,501]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Lower Jaw</emphasis>
|
||
—The labial surface of the mandible is partially visible in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F79FFE9202DFE24FE913F7D" box="[282,374,506,528]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE920BDFE24FE1A3F7D" box="[394,509,506,528]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE92320FE24FDAF3F7D" box="[535,584,506,528]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE92394FE24FCF63F7D" box="[675,785,506,528]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a variety of isolated heads (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE920E1FDCBFDA63F46" box="[470,577,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[130,219,1584,1604]" captionTargetBox="[171,1462,162,1558]" captionTargetId="figure-187@6.[168,1464,160,1559]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Harajicadectes zhumini, skulls in dorsal view, all whitened latex peels of the original fossil molds. A, photographs and B, drawings of NTM P6410 (holotype); C–D, CPC 39948 (paratype); E–F, NMVP 228722; G–H, AMF 99704." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642034" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642034/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 3C–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lingual surface is reasonably complete in NMV P253964 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE92373FDEEFD553F28" box="[580,690,560,582]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), the only specimen that preserves the entire outline of the mandible, and partially visible in NMV P253965A (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE9232DFDBBFD813F16" box="[538,614,613,635]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[130,219,1413,1433]" captionTargetBox="[170,1463,161,1388]" captionTargetId="figure-327@7.[168,1464,160,1389]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Harajicadectes zhumini, snout, jaws, and palate. A, photograph and B, drawing of a fragment of the snout in left dorsolateral view, CPC 39949B. C, photograph and D, drawing of isolated mandible, NMVP 253964. E, left maxilla in mesial view, NMV P253965B. F, partial maxilla and lingual surface of the mandible, NMV P253965A. G, photograph, H, drawing, and I, attempted reconstruction of the palate, CPC 33949A." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642036" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642036/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
|
||
). NMV P253964 has a straight occlusal margin and a gently convex ventral surface. It tapers only very gently from back to front, so the anterior jaw tip is only marginally narrower than the rear. The occlusal margin has small conical teeth, arranged in at least two rows, from the anterior tip to over the anterior-third of the adductor fossa. A single large, recurved symphysial tusk is present at the anterior of the dentary, 4–5 times the size of the marginal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE921ADFC8BFCC739FD" blockId="9.[130,801,160,1168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">The prearticular of NMV P253964, while missing the rear end, is seen to expand posteriorly, gently narrowing anteriorly and bending dorsally, terminating shortly before the median symphysis. Part of the denticulated prearticular plate is preserved, the denticles being substantially larger along the dorsal edge. A highly fragmentary parasymphysial plate is preserved immediately anterior to the prearticular. Three coronoids appear to be present, but it is difficult to discern the sutures between them and the third in the series is poorly preserved. A continuous vertical lamina bearing a row of closely packed denticles runs along the entire coronoid series. Positioned labially to this lamina, each coronoid bears large, stout fangs and adjacent replacement pits.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE921B5FB60FEFC39B9" blockId="9.[130,801,1214,1356]" box="[130,283,1214,1236]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE921B5FB60FEFC39B9" bold="true" box="[130,283,1214,1236]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Body and Fins</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE921ADFB38FB813C1D" blockId="9.[130,801,1214,1356]" lastBlockId="9.[832,1502,160,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE921ADFB38FF3D3991" bold="true" box="[154,218,1254,1276]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Scales</emphasis>
|
||
—The scales of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE9204BFB38FDF43991" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[380,531,1254,1276]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE9204BFB38FDF43991" box="[380,531,1254,1276]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are found in direct association with cranial material in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E866EF4F79FFE920CCFADEFDB0387B" box="[507,599,1280,1302]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE9235CFADEFD4F387B" box="[619,680,1280,1302]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[130,219,1396,1416]" captionTargetBox="[174,1449,160,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-269@3.[170,1463,160,1372]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Locality maps for the fossil material described in this work. A, the Amadeus Basin of central Australia. All fossils were collected from locality 6 (redrawn from figure 1 in Young, 1985). B, geological map of western MacDonnell Ranges, NT, showing locality 6 about 2 km southwest of Stokes Pass (redrawn from figure 6 in Young, 1985). Abbreviations: Pzk, Paleozoic." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642028" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642028/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE923D8FADEFCC7387B" box="[751,800,1280,1302]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE921E0FAC5FEA9385C" box="[215,334,1307,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), enabling the identification of headless, scale-bearing specimens (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE920AAFAE8FE363821" box="[413,465,1334,1356]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39951, 39953, 39954,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE923E1FAE8FCC63826" box="[726,801,1334,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">NMVP</collectionCode>
|
||
229368,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE922AFFF7EFC363DD8" box="[920,977,160,181]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">NTM</collectionCode>
|
||
P6411) as this taxon. The squamation is cycloid in the anterior and mid-sections of the postcranium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE924B0FF64FC763D86" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5A, B, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), abruptly shifting to a rhombic shape in the vertical rows immediately behind the level of the second dorsal fin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE9227EFED4FC5D3C4D" box="[841,954,266,289]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5D–G</figureCitation>
|
||
). This shift in scale morphology from rounded to angular is unusual for a tetrapodomorph fish, but is also recorded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92252FE9EFBEF3C3B" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[869,1032,320,342]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92252FE9EFBEF3C3B" box="[869,1032,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F79FFE92528FE9EFB903C3B" box="[1055,1143,320,342]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92469FE9EFB863C1D" authority="(Andrews & Westoll, 1970)" baseAuthorityName="Andrews & Westoll" baseAuthorityYear="1970" family="Rhizodopsidae" genus="Rhizodopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92469FE9EFA393C3B" box="[1374,1502,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Rhizodopsis</emphasis>
|
||
(Andrews & Westoll, 1970)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE9226FFEABFA6C3E6D" blockId="9.[832,1502,160,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
The exposed external surfaces of the scales lack cosmine and are ornamented, as in rhizodontids (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F79FFE92589FE4EFAF13CCB" box="[1214,1302,400,422]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2007), tristichopterids (Jarvik, 1952),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92545FE74FAF23CAD" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[1138,1301,426,448]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92545FE74FAF23CAD" box="[1138,1301,426,448]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F79FFE92419FE74FA613CAD" box="[1326,1414,426,448]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE922B8FE1BFB523CB6" authority="(Lebedev, 1995)" baseAuthorityName="Lebedev" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[911,1205,453,475]" family="Medoevididae" genus="Medoevia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE922B8FE1BFC133CB6" box="[911,1012,453,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Medoevia</emphasis>
|
||
(Lebedev, 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE925FDFE1BFC393C98" authority="(Schultze & Heidtke, 1986)" baseAuthorityName="Schultze & Heidtke" baseAuthorityYear="1986" family="Rhizodopsidae" genus="Rhizodopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE925FDFE1BFAAD3CB6" box="[1226,1354,453,475]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Rhizodopsis</emphasis>
|
||
(Schultze & Heidtke, 1986)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE9252CFE01FABB3C98" authority="(Thomson, 1973)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1051,1372,479,501]" family="Canowindridae" genus="Canowindra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE9252CFE01FB7C3C98" box="[1051,1179,479,501]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Canowindra</emphasis>
|
||
(Thomson, 1973)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Each scale has approximately 25-35 anteroposteriorly directed sub-parallel ridges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE922A3FDCBFC343F46" box="[916,979,533,555]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="9.[130,219,1924,1944]" captionTargetBox="[169,1463,1437,1898]" captionTargetId="figure-894@9.[168,1464,1436,1899]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 6. Harajicadectes zhumini. A, scales adjacent to the 2nd dorsal fin, CPC 39953. B, scales from the anterior half of the body, CPC 39952." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642040" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642040/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), which appear wider and less densely packed than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE922E0FDF1FB9D3F28" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[983,1146,559,581]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE922E0FDF1FB9D3F28" box="[983,1146,559,581]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F79FFE925BEFDF1FB063F28" box="[1161,1249,559,581]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010). This morphology differs from that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92548FD94FB1C3F0D" baseAuthorityName="Johanson & Ahlberg" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1151,1275,586,608]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Mandageria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92548FD94FB1C3F0D" box="[1151,1275,586,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Mandageria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE9243AFD94FA413F0D" baseAuthorityName="Ahlberg & Johanson" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1293,1446,586,608]" family="Tristichopteridae" genus="Cabonnichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE9243AFD94FA413F0D" box="[1293,1446,586,608]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Cabonnichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92277FDBBFC343F16" authorityName="Young, Long & Ritchie" authorityYear="1992" box="[832,979,613,635]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Notorhizodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92277FDBBFC343F16" box="[832,979,613,635]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Notorhizodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which scale ornamentation is composed of widely separated parallel grooves (Young, 2008; Young et al., 2013). Of a selection of isolated tetrapodomorph scales figured by Burrow and Turner (2012) from Emsian?/Eifelian Cravens Peak Beds, Queensland,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5513C44F79FFE92568FD0EFAE63F8B" box="[1119,1281,720,742]" count="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE9242FFD0EFAB23F8B" box="[1304,1365,720,742]" country="Australia" name="Australian National University" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">ANU</collectionCode>
|
||
V3534 and V3535) display similar ornamentation to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE925C7FD34FA623E6D" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[1264,1413,746,768]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE925C7FD34FA623E6D" box="[1264,1413,746,768]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE9226FFCD8FB7C3E06" blockId="9.[832,1502,160,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92243FCDBFBEE3E76" authorityName="ZHUMINI" authorityYear="2024" box="[884,1033,773,795]" family="Osteolepididae" genus="Harajicadectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92243FCDBFBEE3E76" box="[884,1033,773,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Harajicadectes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the course of these ridges becomes rounded, following the curvature of the scale border. The concentric intersecting lines characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE925B7FCE4FAC43E3D" authorityName="Long" authorityYear="1985" box="[1152,1315,826,848]" family="Eusthenopteridae" genus="Marsdenichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE925B7FCE4FAC43E3D" box="[1152,1315,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Marsdenichthys</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C53A3CE4F79FFE92469FCE4FA393E3D" baseAuthorityName="Schultze & Heidtke" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[1374,1502,826,848]" family="Rhizodopsidae" genus="Rhizodopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE92469FCE4FA393E3D" box="[1374,1502,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Rhizodopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34498DD4F79FFE92270FC8BFC783E06" box="[839,927,853,875]" name="Netherlands" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Holland</collectingCountry>
|
||
et al., 2010) are absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFE9226FFCAEFC3E387B" blockId="9.[832,1502,160,1355]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<emphasis id="B927045F4F79FFE9226FFCAEFC633EEB" bold="true" box="[856,900,880,902]" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fins</emphasis>
|
||
—No endoskeletal fin elements are preserved in any of the material. A left pectoral fin is present on
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE92419FC54FAB83ECD" box="[1326,1375,906,928]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE92480FC54FC9B3ED6" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) while
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE922E7FC7BFBE63ED6" box="[976,1025,933,955]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39954 displays a probable right pectoral fin with an associated basal scute which appears to have detached and flipped post-mortem to lie against the internal surfaces of squamation from the right side of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F79FFE9241DFC2BFA7B3966" box="[1322,1436,1013,1035]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
). The fin is paddle-shaped with a rounded tip, with over 19 unsegmented proximal lepidotrichia that transition into finer rays towards the distal tip. The base of the fin is poorly preserved and the disposition of the fleshy lobe and basal scute is unclear. The fin is narrower than the pectoral fin, with over 12 elongate proximal lepidotrichia which progressively divide into over 25 fine distal fin rays. Fragmentary scales, smaller than the adjacent trunk scales, cover the proximal fin rays, suggesting the presence of a fleshy basal lobe, although its size and shape are indeterminate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BECD84D4F79FFEA226FFAC4FF0F3AFB" blockId="9.[832,1502,160,1355]" lastBlockId="10.[130,800,1733,1942]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F79FFE9226FFAC4FC6E385D" box="[856,905,1306,1328]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="9" pageNumber="9">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39953 preserves the anal and second dorsal fins along with small fragments of the pelvic and caudal fin. No lepidotrichia of the first dorsal fin are visible, although
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4240884F7AFFEA23D8F91BFCC73BB6" box="[751,800,1733,1755]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3snx-0r7t" name="Culture collection of Pedro Crous" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">CPC</collectionCode>
|
||
39952 preserves a basal scute (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1368C4C84F7AFFEA20E3F901FDA53B98" box="[468,578,1759,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[130,219,1072,1092]" captionTargetBox="[169,1460,162,1046]" captionTargetId="figure-542@8.[168,1464,160,1047]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Harajicadectes zhumini, body and fins. A, photograph and B, drawing of body scales, opercular-gular elements and pectoral girdle, NMVP 229368. C, squamation and D, lepidotrichia from the rear of the body, immediately anterior to the base of the caudal fin, CPC 39953. E–F, squamation from the anterior of the body with partial head, operculum, and pectoral fin, CPC 39952. G–H, mesial view of mid-body squamation with detached pectoral fin and basal scute, CPC 39954." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642038" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10642038/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). The second dorsal and anal fins are elongate and narrow based, with associated basal scutes longer than the fin bases. The anal fin is positioned posterior to the second dorsal fin, at the transition zone from the cycloid scales of the mid-body to the rhombic scales on the posterior. It has a rounded tip; the distal end of the dorsal fin is damaged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |