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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716980" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96b32b7c-5d14-4458-a179-b6d4ecc16b0d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487944" ID-ISSN="1982-0224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716980" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2D15386B-101C-43E0-9108-47076966C4CD" checkinTime="1584124021385" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Pinna, Mario de, Burger, Rafael &amp; Zanata, Angela Maria" docDate="2018" docId="03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2" docLanguage="en" docName="NeotropIchthyol.16.2.e170146.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5.4:NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="85A40B78B715C4497F837D9D78407CE5" docStyleName="NeotropIchthyol.2003-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Copionodon elysium Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata 2018, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="2D15386B-101C-43E0-9108-47076966C4CD" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFD2FF8581304154FF9BFFFF351A240A" masterDocTitle="A new species of Copionodon lacking a free orbital rim (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)" masterLastPageNumber="9" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1636540800486" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new species of Copionodon lacking a free orbital rim (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Pinna, Mario de</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Burger, Rafael</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zanata, Angela Maria</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Neotropical Ichthyology</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-06-11</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>16</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>9</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1590/1982-0224-20170146</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">96b32b7c-5d14-4458-a179-b6d4ecc16b0d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1982-0224</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3709687</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">84A16FA5-9A0B-45BC-A8A5-19BF11B9B9FD</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3716980" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3716980" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2D15386B-101C-43E0-9108-47076966C4CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<subSubSection box="[947,1318,625,649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="1.[947,1318,625,649]" box="[947,1318,625,649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading bold="true" box="[947,1318,625,649]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[947,1318,625,649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName authority="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata, 2018" authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[947,1172,625,649]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium" status="new species">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[947,1172,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1186,1318,625,649]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1451,689,743]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
u r n:l s i d:z o o b a n k.o rg:a c t:
<uuid pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
2 D1 5 3 8 6B -1 0 1C -
<geoCoordinate box="[1316,1360,690,711]" degrees="4" direction="east" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" precision="925" value="4.05">4 3 E</geoCoordinate>
0-9 1 0 8- 47076966C4CD
</uuid>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[1032,1232,783,807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[1032,1232,783,807]" box="[1032,1232,783,807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1032,1232,783,807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
(
<figureCitation box="[1040,1140,783,807]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionStartId-1="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox-0="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetBox-1="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." captionText-1="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1-2</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation box="[1153,1222,783,807]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="2.[136,199,815,839]" captionTargetBox="[144,751,892,1699]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data for Copionodon elysium, new species. N = 30; SD = standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3D666381324156FF13FCD0375F276D" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" tableUuid="DF3D666381324156FF13FCD0375F276D">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1452,851,1067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925815" collectingDate="2017-03-06" collectionCode="SL, V" collectorName="M. de Pinna &amp; Abrahao &amp; Carvalho, A" country="Brazil" county="State" location="Capao" municipality="Chapada" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="MZUSP 120631" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,921,851,875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus box="[813,921,851,875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<specimenCode box="[939,1127,851,875]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MZUSP 120631</specimenCode>
, 45.0 mm
<collectionCode box="[1258,1293,851,875]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1309,1380,851,875]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCounty box="[1396,1451,851,875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">State</collectingCounty>
of
<collectingRegion box="[844,912,883,907]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bahia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[925,1022,883,907]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Chapada</collectingMunicipality>
<taxonomicName authority=", Municipio de Palmeiras, Vale" authorityName="Municipio de Palmeiras, Vale" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Diamantina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diamantina, Município de Palmeiras, Vale</taxonomicName>
do
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FC07FC6C36F927A1" box="[924,995,915,939]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Capao" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Capão</location>
near
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FBAFFC6B319D27A1" box="[1076,1159,916,939]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Morrao" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Morrão</location>
outcrop,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FA9DFC6C366D27C1" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Riacho Aguas Claras" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Riacho Águas Claras</location>
, tributary of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FB94FC4C31C627C1" box="[1039,1244,947,971]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Rio Mucugezinho" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Rio Mucugezinho</location>
, itself tributary of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FCB6FC2C311B27E1" box="[813,1025,979,1003]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Rio Santo Antonio" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Rio Santo Antonio</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FB95FC2C31A927E6" box="[1038,1203,979,1004]" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" municipality="Chapada" name="Rio Paraguacu" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Rio Paraguaçu</location>
drainage, 12º31’19”S 41º28’52”,
<collectorName box="[947,1098,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">M. de Pinna</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[1115,1135,1012,1035]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName box="[1151,1250,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Abrahão</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[1267,1287,1012,1035]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName box="[1304,1448,1011,1035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Carvalho, A</collectorName>
. Zanata,
<date box="[903,1036,1043,1067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2017-03-06">
<collectingDate box="[903,1036,1043,1067]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2017-03-06">6 Mar 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[813,1451,1108,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925816" collectingDate="2017-03-06" collectionCode="SL, V" collectorName="M. de Pinna &amp; Abrahao &amp; Carvalho, A" country="Brazil" county="State" latitude="-12.521944" location="All" municipality="Chapada" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="MZUSP 121654, 52" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[813,932,1108,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<typeStatus box="[813,932,1108,1132]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FC29FBAB36CC2066" box="[946,982,1108,1132]" name="All" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">All</location>
from same locality as holotype.
<specimenCode collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MZUSP 121654</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[913,943,1140,1164]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">52</specimenCode>
, 12.0-
<quantity box="[1014,1117,1140,1164]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="71.5">71.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode box="[1127,1162,1140,1164]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
, collected with holotype
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925817" box="[813,1447,1172,1196]" collectingDate="2016-01-15" collectionCode="UFBA" country="Brazil" location="Burger" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="UFBA 8100, 1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[813,954,1172,1196]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">UFBA 8100</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[970,984,1172,1196]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">1</specimenCode>
,
<quantity box="[1003,1106,1172,1196]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="34.3">34.3 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode box="[1118,1153,1172,1196]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode box="[1169,1191,1172,1195]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R</collectionCode>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FB2DFB6B301F20A6" box="[1206,1285,1172,1196]" country="Brazil" name="Burger" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Burger</location>
,
<date box="[1300,1447,1172,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-01-15">
<collectingDate box="[1300,1447,1172,1196]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-01-15">15 Jan 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925818" collectingDate="2016-06-26" collectionCode="UFBA" collectorName="Zanata" country="Brazil" location="Freire" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="UFBA 8163, 47" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[813,949,1204,1228]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">UFBA 8163</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[960,988,1204,1228]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">47</specimenCode>
(1 c&amp;s),
<quantity box="[1091,1247,1204,1228]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.84" metricValueMax="4.65" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="28.4" valueMax="46.5" valueMin="10.3">10.3-46.5 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode box="[1253,1288,1204,1228]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
, A. M.
<collectorName box="[1369,1447,1204,1227]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Zanata</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[813,835,1236,1259]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName box="[847,955,1236,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Burger, P</collectorName>
.
<collectorName box="[968,1072,1236,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Camelier</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[1086,1108,1236,1259]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R</collectionCode>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FBFBFB2B31BC20E6" box="[1120,1190,1236,1260]" country="Brazil" name="Freire" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Freire</location>
,
<date box="[1204,1348,1236,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-06-26">
<collectingDate box="[1204,1348,1236,1260]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-06-26">26 Jun 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925814" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="MZUSP 120630, 15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">MZUSP 120630</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[909,937,1268,1292]" collectionCode="MZUSP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">15</specimenCode>
(3 c&amp;s),
<quantity box="[1040,1196,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.07" metricValueMax="5.97" metricValueMin="2.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="40.7" valueMax="59.7" valueMin="21.7">21.7-59.7 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode box="[1202,1233,1268,1292]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
and
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2575925813" collectingDate="2016-04-11" collectionCode="SL" country="Brazil" location="Burger" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" specimenCode="UFBA 8115, 6, 32.8" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode box="[1285,1420,1268,1292]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">UFBA 8115</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[1431,1447,1268,1292]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">6</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode box="[813,862,1300,1324]" collectionCode="UFBA" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">32.8</specimenCode>
-47.0 mm
<collectionCode box="[977,1012,1300,1324]" country="Sierra Leone" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14608" name="University of Sierra Leone, Njala University College" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="Herbarium">SL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode box="[1023,1045,1300,1323]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">R</collectionCode>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03EB87FD81314152FC28FD8E346423A2:8E9D603081314155FBBBFAEB31752126" box="[1056,1135,1300,1324]" country="Brazil" name="Burger" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" stateProvince="Bahia">Burger</location>
,
<date box="[1146,1288,1300,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-04-11">
<collectingDate box="[1146,1288,1300,1324]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" value="2016-04-11">11 Apr 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" startId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" targetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph blockId="1.[129,1451,1870,1926]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,204,1870,1894]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[211,442,1870,1894]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[211,442,1870,1894]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada
<taxonomicName authority=", Palmeiras, Rio Paraguacu" authorityName="Palmeiras, Rio Paraguacu" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Diamantina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu</taxonomicName>
drainage.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709691" box="[136,1376,741,766]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" startId="2.[136,152,742,766]" targetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,1376,741,766]" box="[136,1376,741,766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,173,741,766]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig</emphasis>
.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[186,206,741,765]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[213,433,742,766]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[213,433,742,766]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="DF3D666381324156FF13FCD0375F276D" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3D666381324156FF13FCD0375F276D" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[144,751,892,1699]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,774,815,871]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,227,815,839]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Table 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric data for
<taxonomicName authority="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata, 2018" authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[493,714,815,839]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium" status="new species">
<emphasis box="[493,714,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
. N = 30; SD = standard deviation.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<table box="[144,751,892,1699]" gridcols="5" gridrows="21" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<tr box="[144,751,892,911]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-0="1">
<th box="[398,477,892,911]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Holotype</th>
<th box="[503,605,892,911]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Range</th>
<th box="[634,683,892,911]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mean</th>
<th box="[724,751,892,911]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">SD</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,930,949]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,930,949]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Standard length in mm</th>
<td box="[398,477,930,949]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">45.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,930,949]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">32.5-71.5</td>
<td box="[634,683,930,949]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">44.5</td>
<td box="[724,751,930,949]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">-</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,968,987]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th box="[144,605,968,987]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Percents of standard length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1006,1025]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1006,1025]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Total length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1006,1025]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">114.4</td>
<td box="[503,605,1006,1025]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">114.4-122.5</td>
<td box="[634,683,1006,1025]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">118.9</td>
<td box="[724,751,1006,1025]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1044,1063]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1044,1063]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Body depth</th>
<td box="[398,477,1044,1063]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">17.3</td>
<td box="[503,605,1044,1063]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">13.5-18.4</td>
<td box="[634,683,1044,1063]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.0</td>
<td box="[724,751,1044,1063]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1082,1101]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1082,1101]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Predorsal length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1082,1101]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">56.9</td>
<td box="[503,605,1082,1101]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">56.7-61.7</td>
<td box="[634,683,1082,1101]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">59.0</td>
<td box="[724,751,1082,1101]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1120,1139]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1120,1139]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Preanal length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1120,1139]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">65.8</td>
<td box="[503,605,1120,1139]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">61.5-67.0</td>
<td box="[634,683,1120,1139]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">65.1</td>
<td box="[724,751,1120,1139]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.3</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1158,1177]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1158,1177]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Prepelvic length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1158,1177]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">53.3</td>
<td box="[503,605,1158,1177]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">50.3-55.1</td>
<td box="[634,683,1158,1177]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">52.4</td>
<td box="[724,751,1158,1177]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1196,1216]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1196,1216]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caudal-peduncle length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1196,1216]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">19.8</td>
<td box="[503,605,1196,1216]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.5-21.0</td>
<td box="[634,683,1196,1216]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">18.9</td>
<td box="[724,751,1196,1216]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1234,1254]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1234,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Caudal-peduncle depth</th>
<td box="[398,477,1234,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">14.9</td>
<td box="[503,605,1234,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">11.3-14.9</td>
<td box="[634,683,1234,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">13.0</td>
<td box="[724,751,1234,1254]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0.8</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1272,1292]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1272,1292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dorsal-fin base length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1272,1292]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10.7</td>
<td box="[503,605,1272,1292]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8.0-10.7</td>
<td box="[634,683,1272,1292]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">9.5</td>
<td box="[724,751,1272,1292]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0.7</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1311,1330]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1311,1330]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anal-fin base length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1311,1330]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.4</td>
<td box="[503,605,1311,1330]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">14.4-18.4</td>
<td box="[634,683,1311,1330]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.3</td>
<td box="[724,751,1311,1330]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.0</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1348,1368]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1348,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1348,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">22.2</td>
<td box="[503,605,1348,1368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">21.3-23.7</td>
<td box="[634,683,1348,1368]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">22.4</td>
<td box="[724,751,1348,1368]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">0.6</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1387,1406]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th box="[144,605,1387,1406]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Percents of head length</th>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1425,1444]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1425,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head width</th>
<td box="[398,477,1425,1444]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">98.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1425,1444]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">89.6-100.0</td>
<td box="[634,683,1425,1444]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">92.9</td>
<td box="[724,751,1425,1444]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1463,1482]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1463,1482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head depth</th>
<td box="[398,477,1463,1482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">54.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1463,1482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">46.1-54.6</td>
<td box="[634,683,1463,1482]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">49.3</td>
<td box="[724,751,1463,1482]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.4</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1501,1520]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1501,1520]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Snout length</th>
<td box="[398,477,1501,1520]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">56.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1501,1520]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">48.0-57.6</td>
<td box="[634,683,1501,1520]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">52.5</td>
<td box="[724,751,1501,1520]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.3</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1539,1558]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1539,1558]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Mouth width</th>
<td box="[398,477,1539,1558]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">40.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1539,1558]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">34.3-44.8</td>
<td box="[634,683,1539,1558]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">36.3</td>
<td box="[724,751,1539,1558]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.2</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1577,1597]" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1577,1597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Orbital diameter</th>
<td box="[398,477,1577,1597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">17.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1577,1597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">12.2-19.7</td>
<td box="[634,683,1577,1597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.5</td>
<td box="[724,751,1577,1597]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1615,1635]" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1615,1635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Interorbital width</th>
<td box="[398,477,1615,1635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">50.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1615,1635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">45.1-53.0</td>
<td box="[634,683,1615,1635]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">49.3</td>
<td box="[724,751,1615,1635]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.9</td>
</tr>
<tr box="[144,751,1653,1699]" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th box="[144,353,1653,1699]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Length of interopercular patch of odontodes</th>
<td box="[398,477,1653,1699]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">34.0</td>
<td box="[503,605,1653,1699]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">31.7-39.6</td>
<td box="[634,683,1653,1699]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">35.2</td>
<td box="[724,751,1653,1699]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.0</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="2.[136,775,1743,1959]" lastBlockId="2.[820,1459,815,1959]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,246,1743,1767]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Distinguished from all other copionodontine catfishes by the large eye without a free orbital rim (
<figureCitation box="[671,743,1775,1799]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[754,770,1775,1799]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[136,165,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
large eyes and free orbital rim in
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="de Pinna" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[514,646,1807,1831]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[514,646,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Copionodon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. or with small eyes but without a free orbital rim in
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Pinna" authorityYear="1992" box="[614,774,1839,1863]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Glaphyropoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[614,774,1839,1863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Glaphyropoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.). Also, uniquely diagnosed in the subfamily by the second hypobranchial entirely cartilaginous (
<figureCitation box="[651,725,1903,1927]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,738,762]" captionTargetBox="[132,765,187,699]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,174,722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower branchial arches, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bb2-4, basibranchials 2 to 4; cc1-5, ceratobranchials 1 to 5; hb1-3, hypobranchials 1 to 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709693/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[746,775,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
presence of a conical ossification cap in the anterolateral corner of the second hypobranchial in other copionodontines) and the reduced or vestigial adipose fin in adults, resulting in a dorsal profile of the caudal peduncle almost straight (
<figureCitation box="[828,895,911,935]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[911,940,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
caudal peduncle dorsally convex as a result of the well-developed adipose fin). Further distinguished from congeners by the thin upper and lower lips, with lower lip not flattened ventrally, continuous and not split in two halves by medial depression (
<figureCitation box="[1061,1141,1039,1063]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1152,1174,1040,1063]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. broader lips and presence of median constriction on lower lip), mouth inferior, located close to anterior margin of snout (
<emphasis box="[1233,1255,1104,1127]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. mouth distinctly ventral, located posterior to anterior margin of snout), and by the posteriorly-positioned dorsal fin (predorsal distance 56.7-61.7 % of SL
<emphasis box="[1025,1047,1200,1223]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. 46.0-55.0 % of SL). The new species is also distinguished by its color pattern, with an uniformly broad midlateral dark (
<figureCitation box="[1075,1142,1263,1287]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1159,1188,1264,1287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
narrow dark band in
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Pinna" authorityYear="1992" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pecten">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. pecten</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, somewhat broad and asymmetrical dark band in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Campanario, de Pinna" authorityYear="2000" box="[820,925,1327,1351]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lianae">
<emphasis box="[820,838,1327,1350]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[858,925,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">lianae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or absence of dark lateral band in remaining copionodontines).
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[1020,1241,1359,1383]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[1020,1241,1359,1383]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
further differs from
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Pinna" authorityYear="1992" box="[820,922,1391,1415]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pecten">
<emphasis box="[820,922,1391,1415]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. pecten</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the smaller interopercular patch of odontodes, distant from lower lip anteriorly and not reaching opercular aperture (
<figureCitation box="[929,1016,1455,1479]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1035,1057,1456,1479]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. interopercular patch of odontodes large, extending from near lower lip anteriorly to beyond pectoral-fin insertion posteriorly) and longer barbels, with maxillary barbel usually reaching pectoral-fin origin and rictal one extending beyond midlength of interopercular patch of odontodes (
<emphasis box="[1043,1072,1616,1639]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
maxillary barbel reaching posterior ¼ of length of interopercular patch of odontodes and rictal reaching anterior ¼ of length of interopercular patch of odontodes). From the species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Pinna" authorityYear="1992" box="[1192,1352,1711,1735]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Glaphyropoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1192,1352,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Glaphyropoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the new taxon further differs by a series of characters, including the broad hypobranchial (
<figureCitation box="[1097,1163,1775,1799]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,738,762]" captionTargetBox="[132,765,187,699]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,174,722]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower branchial arches, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bb2-4, basibranchials 2 to 4; cc1-5, ceratobranchials 1 to 5; hb1-3, hypobranchials 1 to 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709693/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1176,1198,1776,1799]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. slender), the caudal fin bilobed (
<figureCitation box="[915,979,1807,1831]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[992,1014,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs</emphasis>
. truncate), the toothed portion on dentary not reaching the coronoid process (
<figureCitation box="[1232,1305,1839,1863]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,888,1341]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1324,1353,1840,1863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
reaching coronoid process), and the presence of asymmetrical spatulate teeth in jaws (
<figureCitation box="[1085,1154,1903,1927]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,888,1341]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
;
<emphasis box="[1169,1198,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">vs.</emphasis>
all teeth symmetrically spatulate).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709693" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709693/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[129,168,738,762]" targetBox="[132,765,187,699]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[128,768,738,858]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,199,738,762]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[220,446,738,762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[220,446,738,762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower branchial arches, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bb
<subScript attach="left" box="[740,760,785,799]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2-4</subScript>
, basibranchials 2 to 4; cc
<subScript attach="left" box="[403,423,817,832]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1-5</subScript>
, ceratobranchials 1 to 5; hb
<subScript attach="left" box="[740,761,817,831]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1-3</subScript>
, hypobranchials 1 to 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" targetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,767,1357,1445]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,199,1357,1381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[220,446,1357,1381]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[220,446,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="3.[129,768,1488,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,264,1488,1512]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description</emphasis>
. Body elongate, trunk roughly round in crosssection, gradually more compressed posterior to dorsal fin. Caudal peduncle compressed, but less strongly than in congeners. Anterior part of body and head (
<figureCitation box="[622,688,1584,1608]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), from snout to dorsal-fin origin, slightly convex. Posterior region of body, from endpoint of dorsal fin to caudal-fin origin, straight to slightly convex. Ventral profile straight along head and gular regions, nearly parallel to longitudinal axis of body; convex or slightly convex from that point to pelvic-fin origin and nearly straight or slightly concave from pelvic-fin base to caudal-fin base. Dorsal profile of adipose fin nearly straight; fin barely developed, somewhat more visible posterior to vertical through end of anal-fin base. Limit between adipose and caudal fins not welldefined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[813,1452,176,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Head (
<figureCitation box="[926,994,176,200]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) slightly longer than wide or as long as wide in larger specimens, deep and not as depressed as in
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Pinna" authorityYear="1992" box="[813,921,241,264]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pecten">
<emphasis box="[813,921,241,264]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">C. pecten</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mouth inferior, subterminal, located close to anterior margin of snout. Upper lip narrow in ventral view, not flattened ventrally. Ventral margin of upper lip partly continuous laterally with rictal barbel. Lower lip with about same thickness as upper lip; continuous, not divided in lateral halves by median constriction, only slightly concave mesially.Angle of mouth with fleshy outgrowth just posterior and adpressed to rictal barbel.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[813,1452,176,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Dentary and premaxillary teeth somewhat similar to each other in shape and arrangement. Teeth gradually larger towards symphysis (
<figureCitation box="[1043,1115,560,584]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,888,1341]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). First row of teeth spatulate and darkly-pigmented distally in dentary and premaxilla, with spatulate portion in most teeth asymmetrical (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,888,1341]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Asymmetric structure of teeth evident even in teeth only incipiently spatulate. Spatulate portion of teeth not overlapping in lower jaw (
<figureCitation box="[1114,1185,720,744]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[129,168,1357,1381]" captionTargetBox="[133,765,902,1324]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[129,768,888,1341]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4. Copionodon elysium, paratype, MZUSP 120630, lower jaw, left side, lateral view. Abbreviations: aa, anguloarticular; cp, coronoid process; den, dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709695/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Distal border of teeth straight. In both jaws, second row of teeth also slightly expanded distally; third row conical. Teeth on lower jaw distributed over anterior two thirds of ossification and not reaching coronoid process. Outer series of lower jaw with about 6-8 spatulate larger anterior teeth followed by 3-5 conical teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="3.[813,1452,176,1960]" lastBlockId="4.[136,776,176,1544]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Eye large, conspicuous, without free orbital rim and covered with skin (
<figureCitation box="[1033,1118,976,1000]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Rim of dark pigment along dorsal margin of eye (see below) creates false impression of free rim under cursory examination. Eye located at half of head length, closer to lateral border of head than to midline in dorsal view. Infraorbital latero-sensory canal complete, extending from sphenotic posteriorly to first infraorbital (lacrimal) anteriorly. Three infraorbital pores, one shortly posterior to vertical through posterior margin of eye, another ventral to ventralmost point of eye, and third approximately at vertical through posterior naris. Anterior naris surrounded by short anterolateral tube, continuous with nasal barbel. Posterior naris located between eyes and somewhat aligned longitudinally with anterior naris, not tubular and partly closed by two thin flaps of skin. Three pairs of flat barbels; barbels wide at base and gradually narrowing distally. Maxillary barbel reaching posterior margin of interopercle, or base of pectoral fin. Rictal barbel located ventral to maxillary, rictal extending beyond interopercular patch of odontodes and almost reaching posterior border of interopercle. Nasal barbel originating on posterolateral region of anterior naris, reaching up to opercular opening when completely and straightly extended. Barbels extension ontogenetically variable, longer in large juveniles and mature specimens. Interopercle with well-developed odontodes visible in ventral aspect of head (
<figureCitation box="[1083,1170,1776,1800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
). Interopercular patch of odontodes extending from vertical through posterior border of eye anteriorly and somewhat distant from border of opercular membrane posteriorly. Odontodes arranged in two series, medial series well-defined and lateral series somewhat disorganized; odontodes gradually larger posteriorly in all rows, those on inner row largest. Number of interopercular odontodes increasing with size: 5-6 odontodes in single row in small specimens (around 20.0 mm SL) and up to 21 odontodes distributed in two rows in larger specimens. Opercular region smooth, without opercular odontodes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,776,176,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Pectoralfinlarge(notaslargeasinothercopionodontines), round in distal profile, its base immediately ventral to posterior tip of interopercle. Pectoral-fin rays i7i*(4), i8(4), i8i(10), i9(8), i9i(2), or i10(1). Pelvic fin with round distal profile, its origin anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Pelvic-fin rays ii4i(1), i4i(2), i5(2), i5i*(23), or i6(2), first ray (unbranched) shorter than others; when adpressed tip of pelvic-fin rays reaching or almost reaching anal-fin origin. Dorsal fin smaller than anal fin and similar in size to pectoral fin, its dorsal profile round. Dorsal-fin origin closer to base of caudal fin than to tip of snout. Dorsalfin rays ii5i*(4), ii6(3), ii6i(13), ii7(6), iii4i(1), or iii5i(1). Anal fin with base longer than that of dorsal, pectoral, and pelvic fins, its distal profile round. Anal-fin origin located aligned or shortly anterior to end of dorsal-fin base. Analfin rays ii9(3), ii10(1), iii9*(5), iii9i(2), iii10(11), iii10i(1), iv8i(1), iv9(1), or iv9i(2). Caudal fin bilobed, with i6/8i(1), i7/8i*(26), or i8/7i(2) principal rays. Upper lobe slightly longer than lower lobe in some specimens. Dorsal procurrent rays 6(2), or 7(1) and ventral 8(1), or 9(2). Adipose poorly developed or vestigial in adults, lacking clear anterior and posterior limits and extending between vertical at base of posterior anal-fin rays and caudal-fin origin. Adipose fin larger and more well-defined in juveniles, clearly derived ontogenetically from larval fin-fold (
<figureCitation box="[533,598,1136,1160]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,776,176,1544]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Lateral line extending from posterior part of head to hypural plate, composed of interrupted series of short soft-tissue tubules lacking ossifications. Vertebrae 34(2), or 35(1) (exclusive of Weberian complex; ural complex counted as one), first dorsal-fin pterygiophore immediately posterior to neural spine of 12
<superScript attach="left" box="[473,485,1325,1340]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">th</superScript>
(10) or 13
<superScript attach="left" box="[608,620,1325,1340]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">th</superScript>
(9*) vertebra, first anal-fin pterygiophore immediately posterior to neural spine of 14th (1), 15th (9), 16th (9*), or 17th (1) vertebra. Pleural ribs 10 (1), 11 (1) or 12 (2). Branchiostegal rays 7 (3). Dorsal-fin pterygiophores 7(1), 8(1) or 9(1), including anterior rudimentary element when present. Anal-fin pterygionphores 12(3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,776,1585,1961]" lastBlockId="4.[820,1460,176,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,395,1585,1609]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
Sides of body with large partly coalescent black blotches (not coalescent in few specimens), forming broad midlateral dark band with approximately constant depth from rear of opercle to base of caudal fin (
<figureCitation box="[144,207,1713,1737]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Dorsal and ventral borders of band deeply sinuous, resulting in a zig-zag aspect in most the specimens. Lateral band symmetrical along midlateral line, with dark pigmentation somewhat equally distributed dorsally and ventrally to midalteral line. Additional, dark markings positioned dorsally to midlateral band, forming poorlydefined row on each side of middorsal line, restricted to dorsum anterior to dorsal fin origin. Middorsal line not outlined by dark pigment. Dark blotches below midlateral band small, usually barely fused forming inconspicuous narrow band variable in length, initiating in the rear of pectoral fin in some specimens or posterior to pelvic fin in others. Abdominal region white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[820,1460,176,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Overall color of head (
<figureCitation box="[1147,1236,336,360]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
) similar to dorsal coloration of body or slightly darker, usually without dark blotches; specimens up to 30.0 mm SL may have small and inconspicuous dark markings. Mid-dorsal region of head, corresponding to central portion of skull roof, usually darker and more uniformly colored than surroundings; head dorsum homogeneously dark by concentration of minute melanophores in specimens up to 22.0 mm SL. Dorsal edge of eye outlined as thin dark line. Contour of laterosensory pores on head dorsum distinctly black. Small teardrop-shaped white area posterior to base of nasal barbel (
<figureCitation box="[828,911,688,712]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
). Distal edge of skin flap on posterior naris very dark. Sides of head usually homogeneously tan, except in specimens up to 22.0 mm SL, with concentration of dark melanophores forming inconspicuous sinuous strip close to ventral margins of head and opercle. Ventral surface of head mostly white and with scattered minute melanophores along its contour. Anterior narrow border of lower lip and fleshy outgrowth at angle of mouth sparsely pigmented (
<figureCitation box="[953,1040,944,968]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[136,152,742,766]" captionTargetBox="[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[136,1459,174,726]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, Dorsal (a) and ventral (b) views of head. Scale bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709691/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
); upper lip heavily darkly-pigmented anteriorly, abruptly lighter posteriorly. Skin on region of interopercular patch of odontodes lacking melanophores. Nasal barbel uniformly dark. Maxillary barbel lighter than nasal barbel; dorsal surface darker than ventral. Rictal barbel with melanophores concentrated along its border and leaving central portion white, forming two lateral dark lines; ventral portion lighter and without dark lines. All fins with melanophores alongside individual rays and segment limits. Pelvic and anal fins somewhat lighter than remaining fins. Adipose fin scattered with melanophores, in pattern continuous to dorsal portion of body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[820,1460,176,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Coloration ontogenetically variable (
<figureCitation box="[1256,1321,1328,1352]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Specimens up to
<quantity box="[883,959,1360,1384]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
SL strongly dark, nearly uniformly black, but with midlateral stripe faintly visible against dark background (
<figureCitation box="[828,949,1424,1448]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5a, b</figureCitation>
). Somewhat larger juvenile specimens with midlateral dark stripe continuous and very prominent (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5 c</figureCitation>
). Larger specimens with midlateral stripe less continuous and gradually masked by additional dark markings dorsal and ventral to it (
<figureCitation box="[1009,1090,1552,1576]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5d</figureCitation>
), approaching adult pattern (
<figureCitation captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[129,170,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[128,1451,1370,1854]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Copionodon elysium, holotype, MZUSP 120631, 45.0 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia, Chapada Diamantina, Palmeiras, Rio Paraguaçu drainage." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709689" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709689/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Figs.
<geoCoordinate box="[820,834,1584,1608]" degrees="1, 5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="5555" value="1.5">1</geoCoordinate>
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[851,879,1584,1608]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">5e</figureCitation>
). Very large specimens (not shown in
<figureCitation box="[1317,1385,1584,1608]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[129,1452,174,1888]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 5. Developmental stages of Copionodon elysium, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) more uniformly dark than smaller ones, with extra pigment partly masking midlateral stripe and other features.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[820,1459,1713,1961]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1045,1713,1737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
General color pattern similar to preserved specimens but uniformily darker, without dark blotches or with barely visible small ones. Mid-dorsal region of head with distinctly golden, roughly rectangular blotch. Lateral band not visible or barely visible on caudal peduncle. Fin-rays tan and intervening membranes yellowtinted. Distal portion of caudal peduncle and base of caudal fin light yellow. Ventral portion of body white.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709697/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[129,168,1904,1928]" targetBox="[129,1452,174,1888]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph blockId="5.[129,1451,1904,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[129,199,1904,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Developmental stages of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[479,699,1904,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[479,699,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, UFBA 8163. (a) juvenile, 10.3 mm SL; (b) juvenile 14.5 mm SL; (c) juvenile, 26.5 mm SL; (d) juvenile, 31.5 mm SL; (e) adult female, 46.6 mm SL.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,775,176,328]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,464,176,200]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[489,731,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[489,731,176,200]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known exclusively from riacho Águas Claras, a stream of approximately
<quantity box="[301,358,240,264]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
, tributary of rio Mucugezinho, itself a tributary of rio Santo Antonio, upper rio Paraguaçu basin, Chapada Diamantina,
<collectingRegion box="[379,507,304,328]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bahia State</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[518,585,304,328]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation box="[600,667,304,328]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,175,843,867]" captionTargetBox="[138,775,365,827]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[136,775,358,827]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 6. Geographic distribution of Copionodon elysium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1460,176,552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,1071,176,201]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[1090,1327,176,200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[1090,1327,176,200]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known exclusively from a stream ca.
<quantity box="[1159,1217,208,232]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
long, tributary of the Upper rio Paraguaçu basin, within the Chapada Diamantina Domain. The environment of the species has well oxygenated fast-running water running over rocky bottom. Because no specific threats have been detected, the species can be categorized as Least Concern (LC) according to IUCN criteria (IUCN, 2016), however, we emphasize the apparently narrowly endemic distribution of the species, which makes it (and most remaining copionodontines) dependent on the preservation of the delicate headwaters they inhabit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[820,1460,593,809]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[820,945,593,617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet comes from the Greek elysium, in reference to the mythological Elysean Fields: a place or condition of ideal happiness; a state or place of perfect bliss. This alludes to the locality inhabited by the new species, a scenic pristine place (
<figureCitation box="[1228,1295,721,745]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[820,859,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[820,1459,842,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[820,1459,837,1888]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 7. Collection site of Copionodon elysium, Riacho Águas Claras, near Morrão, Bahia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) shared with a single other fish species and no fish predators. A noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709699" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3709699" box="[136,730,843,868]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709699/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[136,175,843,867]" targetBox="[138,775,365,827]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,730,843,868]" box="[136,730,843,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,206,843,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[503,722,844,868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[503,722,844,868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName box="[503,635,844,868]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Copionodon</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName box="[641,722,844,868]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species" species="elysium">elysium</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,776,910,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,337,912,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
The Águas Claras stream is perennial and torrential in the rainy season. Its headwaters are around
<quantity box="[230,322,976,1000]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
above sea level and it runs on the western slopes of the Sincorá Range, partly within the Chapada Diamantina National Park. The population has a patchy distribution in the stream, with individuals concentrating in certain stretches and entirely absent in others.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[262,499,1136,1160]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[262,499,1136,1160]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Copionodon elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was sampled in slowflowing stretches over solid rock bottom or boulders, with riffles and shallow pools 10-30 centimeters deep and 1-3 meters wide (
<figureCitation box="[407,482,1232,1256]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[820,859,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[820,1459,842,1888]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[820,1459,837,1888]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 7. Collection site of Copionodon elysium, Riacho Águas Claras, near Morrão, Bahia, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3709701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3709701/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), with water transparent and tea-stained, though not to the same darkness as is typical in the Chapada Diamantina. Shallow pools have accumulations of plant debris along the margin. Marginal vegetation is typical “Campo Rupestre”, an herbaceousshrub vegetation
<typeStatus box="[328,376,1392,1416]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
that develops at elevations of about
<quantity box="[136,209,1424,1448]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
on sandstones and quartzite. Shrubs of
<taxonomicName authority="(Nees) Nees, Mart." authorityName="Nees, Mart." baseAuthorityName="Nees" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bonnetiaceae" genus="Bonnetia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bonnetia stricta</emphasis>
(Nees) Nees, Mart.
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName box="[455,609,1456,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bonnetiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bonnetiaceae</taxonomicName>
) dominate the margins along the stretches sampled. The only other fish species collected with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[389,507,1520,1544]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[389,507,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was
<taxonomicName box="[564,666,1520,1543]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[564,666,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astyanax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,776,910,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The analysis of stomach contents of three specimens of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[168,288,1584,1608]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[168,288,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes allochthonous and autochthonous items, composed mainly of aquatic insects (
<taxonomicName box="[636,771,1616,1640]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Trichoptera</taxonomicName>
: larvae of
<taxonomicName box="[256,411,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Hydroptilidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydroptilidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="J Curtis" authorityYear="1835" box="[479,665,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Hydropsychidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trichoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hydropsychidae</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName box="[684,772,1648,1672]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
: larvae of
<taxonomicName box="[293,414,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Simuliidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName box="[520,683,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
; adult coleopterans; Plecoptera eggs), filamentous algae, and fragments of adult terrestrial insects (
<taxonomicName box="[615,772,1744,1768]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName box="[136,268,1776,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Formicidae</taxonomicName>
), and numerous sand grains.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[136,776,910,1960]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Considering the pristine condition of the
<typeStatus box="[636,684,1808,1832]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
locality and its location inside an official preservation area, there are no evident threats to the survival of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pinna &amp; Burger &amp; Zanata" authorityYear="2018" box="[643,768,1872,1896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Copionodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="elysium">
<emphasis box="[643,768,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">C. elysium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, despite its narrowly endemic distribution and probably small population size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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