plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/03/E0/61/03E0612EFF98FFEFFF02CE302BBEFD96.xml
maintenance bc2564723d added 03
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

431 lines
54 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="4582C81485D504A6732CEDB358B9907A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177736" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0b4f2b31-604a-464e-a680-96aa0d2e170b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177736" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459871882067" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shear, William A. &amp; Krejca, Jean K." docDate="2007" docId="03E0612EFF98FFEFFF02CE302BBEFD96" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01532p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1532" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Amplaria Chamberlin" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="FFD91956FF9AFFEBFF95CD47292FFFD4" masterDocTitle="Revalidation of the milliped genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae), and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698226697101" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="73D0DCCE4AE9FE468BBEE1A39918E65E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A232418824328F3EE2FE6CEFAC3AE1A4">
<mods:title id="10754478F847040FEFD833F0DC13C3B9">Revalidation of the milliped genus Amplaria Chamberlin 1941 (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida, Striariidae), and description of two new species from caves in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, California</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="83B262DE461849A0B2F3C1D27FE079F4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2EF0615AAFB13410010FE7F895BE0B3F">
<mods:roleTerm id="84010FF7D2C6BF71E19B00A0198E5EB1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C639C8B40BB657097352ADE32B780AC7">Shear, William A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E496E73DF32280E75C086AAE6ED84745" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7A37F888818C6601762887AD999499FF">
<mods:roleTerm id="152EA97707A0D12783A0BA616334DD0E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0D218BD99517698A2B2B38C0E23FCB31">Krejca, Jean K.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4435A143FB5B1F9B6A41782AED9F555A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="26343BAF545BFD74F3190A904724A2B3" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1B032BDFD92ACE34A37DC1062B6CC288">
<mods:title id="6AB765DFDF6C59D85E752F3A62B3C5F8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="42F03C3307A2458E17E7E77715582D4B">
<mods:date id="2654128F01CC0290CEC54B28762C5349">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9035F118D11197F687719814CBC0C710" type="volume">
<mods:number id="FFCCB18E223E7E121555EEB98153531A">1532</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EFA397EF1C6B3453A7E96A8AAF18C68E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="76F5085E0E0CB4A99CA108EBF8E2740C">23</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7436B46F7C2E69F80C7E0830B98FBF76">39</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="29120A1064C5D918E93F9C0A30A2028D">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2173E6C3F831BE58435F5113CEEC8643" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177736</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="188091DBA96AFBA17F6D3D69CE434D22" type="GBIF-Dataset">0b4f2b31-604a-464e-a680-96aa0d2e170b</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4F99C8E537745598D66A2891F798F136" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="74B3397F3E13A8697A2B2911D9E7E64A" type="Zenodo-Dep">177736</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E0612EFF98FFEFFF02CE302BBEFD96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5628953" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369692" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5628953" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0612EFF98FFEFFF02CE302BBEFD96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0612EFF98FFEFFF02CE302BBEFD96" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF98FFE9FF02CE302888FC45" box="[151,423,887,913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF98FFE9FF02CE302888FC45" blockId="2.[151,423,887,913]" box="[151,423,887,913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0BE6754FF98FFE9FF02CE302888FC45" bold="true" box="[151,423,887,913]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FF02CE302888FC45" ID-CoL="7NNXY" authority="Chamberlin" authorityName="Chamberlin" box="[151,423,887,913]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02CE302888FC45" bold="true" box="[151,423,887,913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02CE302826FC45" bold="true" box="[151,265,887,913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Amplaria</emphasis>
Chamberlin
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF98FFE9FF02CEFA2847FBC0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<table id="F9492298FF980014FF02CEFA2CB3FBC0" box="[151,1436,957,1044]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<tr id="3579D27AFF980014FF02CEFA2CB3FC00" box="[151,1436,957,980]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76A8BB06FF980014FF02CEFA2BD9FC00" box="[151,758,957,980]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FF02CEFA2891FC00" authority="Chamberlin 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,446,957,980]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02CEFA29D3FC00" box="[151,252,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Amplaria</emphasis>
Chamberlin 1941
</taxonomicName>
, p. 9.
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FE6ACEFA2BABFC00" box="[511,644,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Type species</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FD07CEFA2BD9FC00" box="[658,758,957,980]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FD07CEFA2BD9FC00" box="[658,758,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76A8BB06FF980014FD68CEFA2DC4FC00" box="[765,1259,957,980]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FD68CEFA2D2AFC00" authority="Chamberlin 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[765,1029,957,980]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FD68CEFA2A6BFC00" box="[765,836,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">eutypa</emphasis>
Chamberlin 1941
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy).
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="3579D27AFF980014FF02CE9B2CB3FC20" box="[151,1436,988,1012]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<th id="76A8BB06FF980014FF02CE9B2BD9FC20" box="[151,758,988,1012]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FF02CE9A289BFC20" authority="Causey 1960" authorityName="Causey" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,436,989,1012]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Speostriaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02CE9A2834FC20" box="[151,283,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Speostriaria</emphasis>
Causey 1960
</taxonomicName>
, p. 26.
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FD9FCE9A2BBDFC20" box="[522,658,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Type species</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FD31CE9A2BD9FC20" box="[676,758,989,1012]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FD31CE9A2BD9FC20" box="[676,758,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76A8BB06FF980014FD68CE9B2DC4FC20" box="[765,1259,988,1012]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FD6ACE9A2AC9FC20" authority="Causey 1958" authorityName="Causey" authorityYear="1958" box="[767,998,989,1012]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FD6ACE9A2A60FC20" box="[767,847,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">shastae</emphasis>
Causey 1958
</taxonomicName>
(by monotypy). NEW
</td>
<td id="76A8BB06FF980014FB61CE9B2CB3FC20" box="[1268,1436,988,1012]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">SUBJECTIVE</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3579D27AFF980014FF02CEBB2CB3FBC0" box="[151,1436,1020,1044]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76A8BB06FF980014FF02CEBB2BD9FBC0" box="[151,758,1020,1044]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">SYNONYMY.</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF98FFE9FF02C9072CB2FA16" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF98FFE9FF02C9072CB2FA16" blockId="2.[151,1437,1088,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02C9072837FB8D" box="[151,280,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FE51C9072B32FB8D" box="[452,541,1088,1113]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FE51C9072B32FB8D" box="[452,541,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the simpler gonopods. In
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FCECC9072AF6FB8D" box="[889,985,1088,1113]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FCECC9072AF9FB8D" box="[889,982,1088,1113]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Striaria</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the anterior angiocoxites of the gonopods are sharply angled posteriorly about two-thirds of their length from the base, with distinct transverse rugae at the angle, and terminate in multiple acute spines; the angle and rugae are absent from
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FB61C9D72C46FB7D" box="[1268,1385,1168,1193]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FB61C9D72C49FB7D" box="[1268,1382,1168,1193]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amplaria</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and the terminations of the anterior angiocoxites are simple, usually lobe-like. The posterior angiocoxites of
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FF02C9A72829FB2D" box="[151,262,1248,1273]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF02C9A72829FB2D" box="[151,262,1248,1273]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are clearly bifid, with an anterior branch serving to sheath the flagellocoxites; no such anterior sheathing branch is found in
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FDB5C84F2B56FAF5" box="[544,633,1288,1313]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FDB5C84F2B56FAF5" box="[544,633,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Although a complete survey has not been taken,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FAB8C84F2CB3FAF5" box="[1325,1436,1288,1313]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FAB8C84F2CB3FAF5" box="[1325,1436,1288,1313]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species appear to have a special
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF98FFE9FD87C8772B6BFA9E" box="[530,580,1328,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
of seta on the legs that is not found in
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FB9EC8772D42FA9D" box="[1035,1133,1328,1353]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FB9EC8772D46FA9D" box="[1035,1129,1328,1353]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Striaria</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
These setae (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FA86C8772C48FA9E" box="[1299,1383,1328,1354]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[223,1357,194,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1357,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 9. Gonopods, ventrolateral view; posterior to the right. 10. Gonopods, posterior view. 11. Gonopods, ventroposterior view. 12. Spine at corner of mentum and modified mandibular stipes, anterior view, ventral to the left. 13. Coxae of legpairs 3 – 5, anterior at the top. 14. Modified setae from coxa of leg 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) are flattened, curved, and appressed to the leg surface; dorsally they flare into a leaflike shape, and ventrally are divided into many cylindrical filaments. Leg setae in
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF98FFE9FC98C8C72A49FA4D" box="[781,870,1408,1433]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FC98C8C72A49FA4D" box="[781,870,1408,1433]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species are much simpler, appearing as straight, blunt-tipped rods with parallel-grooved shafts. The functional significance of neither setal
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF98FFE9FB2BC8EF2DDEFA16" box="[1214,1265,1448,1474]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">type</typeStatus>
is understood.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF98FFE8FF53C8972DB8FCDE" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF98FFE9FF53C8972ABDF8FE" blockId="2.[151,1437,1088,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF98FFE9FF53C8972874FA3D" box="[198,347,1488,1513]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Description:</emphasis>
Striariids of moderate to large size (
<quantity id="4CB17DDDFF98FFE9FC87C8972ABBFA3E" box="[786,916,1488,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="12.0">12–25 mm</quantity>
long). Males: head robust, antennae short, distinctly angled; 2–7 poorly developed and pigmented ocelli irregularly arranged on each side of head; mentum with distinct sigmoid spine at each distal angle (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FC9DCB672A4EF9EE" box="[776,865,1568,1594]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[223,1357,194,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1357,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 9. Gonopods, ventrolateral view; posterior to the right. 10. Gonopods, posterior view. 11. Gonopods, ventroposterior view. 12. Spine at corner of mentum and modified mandibular stipes, anterior view, ventral to the left. 13. Coxae of legpairs 3 – 5, anterior at the top. 14. Modified setae from coxa of leg 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Mandibles with ventral carina on basal article (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FF0ACB0F29D8F9B6" box="[159,247,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[223,1357,194,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1357,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 9. Gonopods, ventrolateral view; posterior to the right. 10. Gonopods, posterior view. 11. Gonopods, ventroposterior view. 12. Spine at corner of mentum and modified mandibular stipes, anterior view, ventral to the left. 13. Coxae of legpairs 3 – 5, anterior at the top. 14. Modified setae from coxa of leg 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Collum broad, hoodlike; poorly developed transverse groove separates uncrested, rebordered anterior third from posterior two-thirds, anterior median part slightly projecting, roughened with small acute tubercles, posterior section with 12 longitudinal crests, the lateralmost partly suppressed. Trunk segments with 12 longitudinal crests on metazonites, segmental setae located between, not on, crests, usually aciculate. Fourth prozonite with long medial extension on each side, passing between the bases of legpairs three and four. Seventh segment distinctly enlarged. Epiproct three-lobed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF98FFE8FF53CA7F28E3FE26" blockId="2.[151,1437,1088,2034]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">
First legs with combs of long, stout, modified setae (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FCBBCA7F2AB3F886" box="[814,924,1848,1874]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1192,1216]" captionTargetBox="[215,1371,194,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,194,1173]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 4. Coxae and trochanters of second legs of male, ventral view; p, seminal pore; cx, coxa; tr, trochanter. 5. Tibia and tarsus of first leg of male, showing modified setae on ventral surface, posterior view. 6. Modified setae from ventral surface of tibia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs. 5, 6</figureCitation>
) on tibiae and tarsi. Second legs with seminal openings from posterior surfaces of coxae, with or without extended membranous rims, trochanters with heavily setose ventral processes (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FDB1CACF2B40F876" box="[548,623,1928,1954]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 6" captionStartId="6.[151,269,1192,1216]" captionTargetBox="[215,1371,194,1173]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[215,1372,194,1173]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 6. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 4. Coxae and trochanters of second legs of male, ventral view; p, seminal pore; cx, coxa; tr, trochanter. 5. Tibia and tarsus of first leg of male, showing modified setae on ventral surface, posterior view. 6. Modified setae from ventral surface of tibia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177738/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Third legs with swollen coxae drawn out into flask-shaped structures, telopodites articulating basolaterally; prefemora slender (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FC10CAF72AF1F81E" box="[901,990,1968,1994]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="7.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[223,1357,194,1860]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[223,1357,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 9. Gonopods, ventrolateral view; posterior to the right. 10. Gonopods, posterior view. 11. Gonopods, ventroposterior view. 12. Spine at corner of mentum and modified mandibular stipes, anterior view, ventral to the left. 13. Coxae of legpairs 3 – 5, anterior at the top. 14. Modified setae from coxa of leg 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Legpairs 4–7 enlarged, more robust than postgonopodal legs, prefemora and femora dorsoventrally flattened. Gonopods (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FBE9CA9F2DC3F826" box="[1148,1260,2008,2034]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStartId="5.[151,269,929,953]" captionTargetBox="[235,1318,210,907]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[226,1357,194,908]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3. Amplaria eldora, Grapevine Cave specimen, male. 1. Right gonopod, lateral view; aac, anterior angiocoxite; pac, posterior angiocoxite; llcc, lateral lobe of colpocoxite; f, flagellocoxite. 2. Posterior angiocoxite of right gonopod, mesal view. 3. Tip of sheathing branch of posterior angiocoxite, mesal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177737/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FB6CCA9F2C1BF826" box="[1273,1332,2008,2034]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 7, 8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId-0="6.[151,269,1941,1965]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox-0="[347,1228,1343,1917]" captionTargetBox-1="[223,1357,194,1860]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[341,1241,1339,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure@7.[223,1357,194,1862]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="FIGURES 7, 8. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male. 7. Right gonopod, lateral view. 8. Right gonopod, mesal view." captionText-1="FIGURES 9 – 14. Amplaria muiri, n. sp., male, scanning electron micrographs. 9. Gonopods, ventrolateral view; posterior to the right. 10. Gonopods, posterior view. 11. Gonopods, ventroposterior view. 12. Spine at corner of mentum and modified mandibular stipes, anterior view, ventral to the left. 13. Coxae of legpairs 3 – 5, anterior at the top. 14. Modified setae from coxa of leg 3." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/177739/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/177740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">7–11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF98FFE9FAD4CA9F2CBFF826" box="[1345,1424,2008,2034]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStart-1="FIGURES 19 – 22" captionStartId-0="8.[151,269,1579,1603]" captionStartId-1="9.[151,269,924,948]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetBox-1="[308,1289,210,897]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetId-1="figure@9.[293,1295,194,909]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="FIGURES 15 – 18. New species of Amplaria, males, scanning electron micrographs. 15. A. muiri, ninth legpair, anterior view. 16 – 18. A. adamsi, n. sp. 16. Ninth legpair, anterior view. 17. Left gonopod, mesal view. 18. Right gonopod, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 19 – 22. Amplaria adamsi, n. sp. 19. Right gonopod, lateral view. 20. Right gonopod, mesal view. 21. Tip of internal branch of anterior angiocoxite, lateral view. 22. Same, anterior view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/177741/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/177742/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="25">17–22</figureCitation>
): sternum distinct, well-sclerotized. Gonopod coxae separate and articulated laterally with sternum, with two pairs of angiocoxites, the anterior pair appressed in the midline, straight, with simple lobed terminations, bearing basally three flagellocoxites; the posterior angiocoxite pair larger, sigmoid, with bulky posterior branch, thinner anterior branch sheathing flagellocoxites. Colpocoxites poorly sclerotized, with large lobe extending anterolateral to angiocoxites, smaller posterior lobe often with short, scale-like fimbriae. Ninth legs (
<figureCitation id="1372CCBDFF99FFE8FAA0CC7F299AFEAE" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="8.[151,269,1579,1603]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,194,1555]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. New species of Amplaria, males, scanning electron micrographs. 15. A. muiri, ninth legpair, anterior view. 16 – 18. A. adamsi, n. sp. 16. Ninth legpair, anterior view. 17. Left gonopod, mesal view. 18. Right gonopod, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177741/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Figs. 15, 16</figureCitation>
) much reduced; sternum deeply bowl-like, receiving at rest the gonopods; coxae short, cylindrical, with gland pore near base, with or without mesal terminal apophysis; telopodites condensed to single article, flattened, heavily sclerotized, setose-tuberculate. Coxae of tenth legs enlarged, bearing coxal gland openings. Coxae eleven unmodified.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF53CF472893FDBE" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Female: similar to male but usually smaller, lacking secondary sexual modifications of the legs; collum shorter, with rounded posterior angles. Segments two and three with distinct ventral marginal carinae. Segment seven not enlarged.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF53CF3F2C4FFD6E" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF53CF3F28BBFD45" box="[198,404,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Included species:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FE0BCF3F2A69FD46" authority="Chamberlin, 1941" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1941" box="[414,838,632,658]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FE0BCF3F2B4BFD45" box="[414,612,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria eutypa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FDF8CF3F2A69FD46" author="Chamberlin" box="[621,838,632,658]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (12), Biological Series, 6, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1941">Chamberlin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FCC1CF3F2D9DFD46" authority="(Chamberlin) 1953" authorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityYear="1953" box="[852,1202,632,658]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FCC1CF3F2AECFD45" box="[852,963,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. eldora</emphasis>
(Chamberlin) 1953
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FB55CF3F280DFD6E" authority="(Chamberlin)1910" authorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityName="Chamberlin" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nazinta">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FB55CF3F2C16FD45" box="[1216,1337,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. nazinta</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FADFCF3F29C8FD6E" author="Chamberlin" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1910) Diplopoda from the western states. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 3, 233 - 262." type="journal article" year="1910">Chamberlin)</bibRefCitation>
1910
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FEBBCFE72B73FD6E" authority="(Causey)1958" authorityName="Causey" baseAuthorityName="Causey" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[302,604,672,698]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FEBBCFE72888FD6D" box="[302,423,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. shastae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FE28CFE72B0EFD6E" author="Causey" box="[445,545,672,698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Causey, N. B. (1958) New records and descriptions of a new genus and species of millipeds of the family Striariidae (Chordeumida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 71, 179 - 184." type="journal article" year="1958">Causey)</bibRefCitation>
1958
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FDFDCFE72BE6FD6D" box="[616,713,672,697]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muiri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FDFDCFE72BE6FD6D" box="[616,713,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. muiri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FD45CFD82A3DFD6D" bold="true" box="[720,786,671,697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB151FF99FFE8FD45CFD82A3DFD6D" box="[720,786,671,697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FCCCCFE72AE0FD6D" box="[857,975,672,697]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FCCCCFE72AE0FD6D" box="[857,975,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. adamsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB151FF99FFE8FC43CFD82D37FD6D" box="[982,1048,671,697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FC43CFD82D37FD6D" bold="true" box="[982,1048,671,697]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(both are described below).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF53CF8F2DB8FCDE" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
At this time, a key to species would be impractical due to the confusion surrounding
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FB2BCF8F2C23FD35" box="[1214,1292,712,737]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FB2BCF8F2C23FD35" box="[1214,1292,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">eutypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FADDCF8F2CB3FD35" box="[1352,1436,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FADDCF8F2CB8FD35" box="[1352,1431,712,737]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">eldora</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and the absence in collections of males of
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FD12CFB72BF2FCDD" box="[647,733,752,777]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nazinta">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FD12CFB72BF2FCDD" box="[647,733,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">nazinta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FCB5CFB72D2DFCDD" box="[800,1026,752,777]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FCB5CFB72D2DFCDD" box="[800,1026,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Striaria californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see below).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF99FFE8FF53CE5F2C77FC7E" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF53CE5F2C77FC7E" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF53CE5F284FFCE5" box="[198,352,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Distribution:</emphasis>
From the southern Sierra Nevada and San Francisco Bay areas of California north to Shasta Co., California, coastal southwestern Oregon and the southern end of Puget Sound, Washington; at least one species in north-central Idaho, possibly in far western Montana. The San Francisco Bay area records and elements of the distribution north of Shasta Co., California, and in Idaho are based on undescribed species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF99FFE8FF53CEFF28A2F986" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF53CEFF2A17FBF6" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF53CEFF2819FC05" box="[198,310,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FEA8CEFF2BF0FC06" authority="Chamberlin 1940" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1940" box="[317,735,952,978]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="causeyae">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FEA8CEFF2B26FC05" box="[317,521,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Striaria causeyae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FD85CEFF2BF0FC06" author="Chamberlin" box="[528,735,952,978]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1940) On some chilopods and diplopods from North Carolina. Canadian Entomologist, 72, 56 - 59." type="journal article" year="1940">Chamberlin 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from North Carolina, was placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FB18CEFF2DD3FC05" box="[1165,1276,952,977]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FB18CEFF2DD3FC05" box="[1165,1276,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FAB2CEFF289BFC2E" author="Chamberlin" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V., and Hoffman, R. L. 1958. Checklist of the millipeds of North America. United States National Museum Bulletin, 212, 1 - 236." type="journal article" year="1958">Chamberlin and Hoffman (1958)</bibRefCitation>
; examination of the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FD33CEA72A22FC2E" box="[678,781,992,1018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
male in the
<collectingCountry id="F35E90A8FF99FFE8FC37CEA72D10FC2E" box="[930,1087,992,1018]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">United States</collectingCountry>
National Museum of Natural History (USNM) shows it to be a typical
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FDEFC94F2BFCFBF5" box="[634,723,1032,1057]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FDEFC94F2BFCFBF5" box="[634,723,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF52C97728A2F986" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF52C97728A1FB9D" box="[199,398,1072,1097]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF52C97728A1FB9D" box="[199,398,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria eutypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unfortunately based on a female. The vial containing the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FBECC9772DF0FB9E" box="[1145,1247,1072,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
(USNM) holds parts of two or perhaps three animals, the anterior end of one, posterior end of another, and a second posterior end that may or may not belong to the anterior end. The identity of this species, from nine miles north of Placerville, El Dorado Co., California, cannot be ascertained with certainty until males are collected at or near the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FF02C99729E5FB3E" box="[151,202,1232,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
locality.
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FEA8C9972B2FFB3D" box="[317,512,1232,1257]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FEA8C9972B2FFB3D" box="[317,512,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria eldora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, discussed below, is also from near Placerville, collected in Crystal Cosumnes Cave. It is possible these two species are synonyms;
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FC83C9BF2A4BFAC5" box="[790,868,1272,1297]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FC83C9BF2A4BFAC5" box="[790,868,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">eutypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the senior name. The synonymy cannot be established until the collection of males of both species from their respective
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FB8CC8672D63FAEE" box="[1049,1100,1312,1338]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
localities. However, a male from Grapevine Cave (in nearby Calaveras County) was seen by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FC03C80F2DABFAB6" author="Chamberlin" box="[918,1156,1352,1378]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1953 b) Six new American millipeds, with notes on several cave-dwelling species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 66, 67 - 72." type="journal article" year="1953" yearSuffix="b">Chamberlin (1953b)</bibRefCitation>
and determined by him as
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF22C8372803FA5D" box="[183,300,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF22C8372807FA5D" box="[183,296,1392,1417]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">A. eldora</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Its gonopods conform to our concept of
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FC8EC8372ABDFA5D" box="[795,914,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FC8EC8372AA1FA5D" box="[795,910,1392,1417]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amplaria</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Admittedly this is a tenuous chain of logic:
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF02C8DF29CCFA65" box="[151,227,1432,1457]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF02C8DF29CCFA65" box="[151,227,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">eldora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be a synonym of
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FE6CC8DF2B61FA65" box="[505,590,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FE6CC8DF2B65FA65" box="[505,586,1432,1457]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">eutypa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and a male purported to be
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FC36C8DF2AC0FA65" box="[931,1007,1432,1457]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eldora">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FC36C8DF2AC0FA65" box="[931,1007,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">eldora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(but not from the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FB5AC8DF2C2DFA66" box="[1231,1282,1432,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
locality) has gonopods that are like those of the two new species described below, therefore we apply the name
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FAB3C8872CB3FA0D" box="[1318,1436,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FAB3C8872CB7FA0D" box="[1318,1432,1472,1497]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amplaria</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FF02C8AF29E5F9D6" box="[151,202,1512,1538]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
species
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FEB9C8AF288EF9D5" box="[300,417,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FEB9C8AF28B2F9D5" box="[300,413,1512,1537]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">A. eutypa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
to the whole group. However, in all the material from the Sierra Nevada and the foothills region to the west WAS has seen so far, only one genus is represented, so we think it unlikely that
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FADBCB572CB3F9FD" box="[1358,1436,1552,1577]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eutypa">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FADBCB572CB3F9FD" box="[1358,1436,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">eutypa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not belong to it.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF99FFE8FF52CB272B81F835" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF52CB272A08F896" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF52CB2728BBF9AD" box="[199,404,1632,1657]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF52CB2728BBF9AD" box="[199,404,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria shastae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a very large species, the largest known striariid, found in caves in Shasta Co., California. Males and females have been well-described and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FC7BCBCF2DB8F976" author="Causey" box="[1006,1175,1672,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Causey, N. B. (1958) New records and descriptions of a new genus and species of millipeds of the family Striariidae (Chordeumida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 71, 179 - 184." type="journal article" year="1958">Causey (1958</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FB3DCBCF2DCBF976" author="Causey" box="[1192,1252,1672,1698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Causey, N. B. (1960) Speostriaria, new genus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 73, 25 - 28." type="journal article" year="1960">1960</bibRefCitation>
) and by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FACCCBCF29C6F91E" author="Shear" pageId="3" pageNumber="39" refString="Shear, W. A. (1969) A synopsis of the cave millipeds of the United States, with an illustrated key to genera. Psyche, 76, 126 - 143." type="journal article" year="1969">Shear (1969)</bibRefCitation>
. Examination of topotypical specimens makes it clear that despite the inordinate size (
<quantity id="4CB17DDDFF99FFE8FA92CBF72C4DF91E" box="[1287,1378,1712,1738]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
), the gonopods are those of an
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FE46CB9F2B6DF925" box="[467,578,1752,1777]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FE46CB9F2B6DF925" box="[467,578,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Long legs and antennae, depigmentation, and reduced ocelli, together with gigantism, strongly mark
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FDFDCA472BCEF8CD" box="[616,737,1792,1817]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shastae">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FDFDCA472BCEF8CD" box="[616,737,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">A. shastae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a troglobiont. The case is less clear in the two new species described below, which may be at best troglophilic.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF99FFE8FF45CA172B81F835" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF45CA17288AF8BD" box="[208,421,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF45CA17288FF8BD" box="[208,416,1872,1897]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nazinta">Amplaria nazinta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
described as a
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FDCBCA172B98F8BD" ID-CoL="7Q35H" box="[606,695,1872,1897]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FDCBCA172B98F8BD" box="[606,695,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Chamberlin in 1910 from Portland, Oregon, and placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FF02CA3F2829F845" box="[151,262,1912,1937]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FF02CA3F2829F845" box="[151,262,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADC9FF99FFE8FEA1CA3F2B37F846" author="Chamberlin" box="[308,536,1912,1938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" refString="Chamberlin, R. V. (1941) New western millipeds. Bulletin of the University of Utah, 31 (12), Biological Series, 6, 3 - 23." type="journal article" year="1941">Chamberlin (1941)</bibRefCitation>
, may or may not belong in the genus; the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF99FFE8FB86CA3F2D53F846" box="[1043,1148,1912,1938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, a female, has evidently been lost. WAS has seen specimens of several species of striariid from the Portland area but at this point none of them seem to fit the description of
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF99FFE8FDC5CA8F2B81F835" box="[592,686,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF99FFE8FDC5CA8F2B85F835" box="[592,682,1992,2017]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="3" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nazinta">nazinta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35383B3FF9EFFEFFF52CDDF2BBEFD96" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF6D038FF9EFFEFFF52CDDF2BBEFD96" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
Cook’s (1899)
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFEEECDDF2B70FF65" box="[379,607,152,177]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFEEECDDF2B70FF65" box="[379,607,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Striaria californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF9EFFEFFDE7CDDF2B89FF66" box="[626,678,152,178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">type</typeStatus>
locality, Sausalito, Marin County, California) is another candidate for membership in
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFE23CD872B0AFF0D" box="[438,549,192,217]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFE23CD872B0AFF0D" box="[438,549,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Amplaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but there are other striariid genera, as yet unnamed, in the San Francisco Bay area, and in the absence of males a definite generic assignment is not yet possible. The female
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF9EFFEFFAA3CDAF2CB3FED6" box="[1334,1436,232,258]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(USNM) is in bad condition, having been pinned and dried before being transferred to alcohol. If, as we suspect,
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFF42CC7F2B36FE86" authority="Loomis 1936" authorityName="Loomis" authorityYear="1936" box="[215,537,312,338]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFF42CC7F285BFE85" box="[215,372,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Striaria nana</emphasis>
Loomis 1936
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFDC6CC7F2AC4FE86" authority="Chamberlin 1947" authorityName="Chamberlin" authorityYear="1947" box="[595,1003,312,338]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carmela">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFDC6CC7F2A3AFE85" box="[595,789,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Striaria carmela</emphasis>
Chamberlin 1947
</taxonomicName>
are both junior synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFADDCC7F29C3FEAD" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFADDCC7F29C3FEAD" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">S. californica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(they are certainly synonyms of each other, based on an examination of the
<typeStatus id="54F26E9AFF9EFFEFFBF4CC272DB0FEAE" box="[1121,1183,352,378]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">types</typeStatus>
[USNM];
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFA89CC272C78FEAD" box="[1308,1367,352,377]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFA89CC272C78FEAD" box="[1308,1367,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the senior name), it indeed belongs to an undiagnosed genus. Males of
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFC58CCCF2D27FE75" box="[973,1032,392,417]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nana">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFC58CCCF2D27FE75" box="[973,1032,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">nana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack the curved labral spines, the seminal ducts open flush on the surfaces of the second coxae, and the leg setae, while basically leaflike as in
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFF02CC9F2822FE25" box="[151,269,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFF02CC9F2826FE25" box="[151,265,472,497]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Amplaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Amplaria</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
do not have the bunches of filaments and are instead drawn out distally into a long, thin extension. The gonopods of this genus do not have the anterior sheathing branch on the posterior angiocoxite division, and in that detail resemble
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABBBFF9EFFEFFE46CF6F2B03FD95" box="[467,556,552,577]" class="Diplopoda" family="Striariidae" genus="Striaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chordeumatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D0C2AFF9EFFEFFE46CF6F2B03FD95" box="[467,556,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Striaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink