treatments-xml/data/03/A8/87/03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5.xml

<document id="AAFBC0103A8F1F037BF276E08CD4DE28" ID-CLB-Dataset="222435" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9333695a-96ff-4ffe-a639-b75433682bee" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501327" ID-ZooBank="8EA03380-77C9-4DA8-9A4E-9005D19D91E4" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1672751380731" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio, Bentley, Alexander, Koch, Claudia, Yánez-Muñoz, Mario H. &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, Omar M." docDate="2022" docId="03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-854_1-107.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 854 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Tropidophis cacuangoae Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FF91FFE0274DB52CFF8DFF82310DFFF8" masterDocTitle="A time relic: a new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin" masterLastPageNumber="107" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1699473134361" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="ACB04CFFB9984DBD1F8463559B838B00" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8B4CA3A66C9FC5934AFDE46A96DB100D">
<mods:title id="6683656BF9EC0332753F0A3909C77CA5">A time relic: a new species of dwarf boa, Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 (Serpentes: Amerophidia), from the Upper Amazon Basin</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D39CBEB4ABC7F50715D12B7CA14688CC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="77B89D34B511AE3AB716E78422007924">
<mods:roleTerm id="A12D54C7A48235321FF2EAA90308794E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9D2794033A8BC549A4360DE9D0D65512">Ortega-Andrade, H. Mauricio</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2D23D2CD863566AB757507BBF01077D5" type="LSID">9AF4E675-6998-4081-8B7F-C63A93850942</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AE019689A5937275A02CE93E13BBC124">Biogeography and Spatial Ecology Research Group, Life Sciences Faculty, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Napo, Ecuador. &amp; Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="38A300D4C693748C3B561050BECE0C5D" type="email">mauricio.ortega@ikiam.edu.ec</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="426F1EC20D41DFD432D00C3C755940CE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0A205819D4D034A6FF352FFED5B85EB6">
<mods:roleTerm id="6BC42F0E58FC8CC7900C3255AE75451A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8CC43A683591FB28A76F491A49D9DB4F">Bentley, Alexander</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F60E51F5231D13DE88CA2A0945DE0AA" type="LSID">EFCB5564-7F44-482A-A7F7-65D83202D5D2</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="62FF07D3C0A5A6B9E4A0FD09775FE3B9">Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador. &amp; Sumak Kawsay In Situ, Vía Río Anzu km 14, Mera, Pastaza, Ecuador. &amp; Waska Amazonía, Vía Río Anzu ciudadela ecológico Waska, Mera, Pastaza, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B52FE1B7CC4CF3E7845260D6BDDFC9F4" type="email">agbentley77@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FD404FC1F97D2A09458BB1261D2DDFD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5AD36242FBEF7862E82ED96187B8A0B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="05C99A46BB6ED7D54E5DDD41C47544C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1C68293A567B8A518716F5856191AB7D">Koch, Claudia</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B2AA86DCB2ADF65B346130AE7D54668B" type="LSID">E4A1F57D-3699-47B1-B45D-2D76E31DBB7D</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="03FA926592CEAA75C066C4998C7B82B0">Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change / ZFMK, Museum Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CEE73D675B1F5F481F0C5AE5396C293E" type="email">c.koch@leibniz-lib.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="908D6FE7A44C02AD2C062756B3F45D64" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8BB36E917DDB31180F7484C14D91E735">
<mods:roleTerm id="45DE8D26C93105F1756E2A340A68F5BB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6AE36075667ED6E6CF29C746E36720A5">Yánez-Muñoz, Mario H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5B5F482051B413F4691FBE6D23C3949" type="LSID">D62EB482-81F7-435A-837C-AD57D6C0B422</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D370C4A94939EBB887732D026414CA18">Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, INABIO, Quito, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="93E754E5A0E2827C03AEACDF7C5D3AC0" type="email">mario.ianez@biodiversidad.gob.ec</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="212E548D92ADBE34E1F10B0324EE4E8A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="25F5241F88B0BA4B590124F6C55319C5">
<mods:roleTerm id="409B70FB1A8279D7D39EBE5BDF2C9A3C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9F565B1FA15F3DD4DB5EFC0D79D0D607">Entiauspe-Neto, Omar M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="27DB424571C53A91733C1B41BBA1C342" type="LSID">C34B5FB1-0CAB-4AEC-9253-7CBDDCCEE9D9</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7B5EE8FA6E154D833CA422E4CBD04276">Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, 05503 - 90, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. &amp; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BDD41586C60D8FE17C231ABCFB7624B7" type="email">omarentiauspe@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="25CE39C69F2E05B8D52688E961368DC4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="0069F44A1260345E5E6A93E886E801B6" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="03056E5063621E6F82E82C2984E81508">
<mods:title id="7AE4B38896DFFEBAFD850DD2EB1004F8">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="28D4219C94311ED51FC64053237D759E">
<mods:date id="5D7CF6F3D031512E7E3AF6DB8FA6322E">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="38FED93E1695E9D80F8159CD7C5E133D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C700E59C67BB8C6AC4FECEC32DCE1E0F">2022-12-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="0E4F7D8A08F4C8ABA6AEC9DBB07B8737" type="volume">
<mods:number id="11A88CE4D5924AEA85B51033D0E98216">854</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2D647694975E58336B8898E39777ADFB" type="issue">
<mods:number id="34092ED0AD3869C705DBE6E9EA6880F9">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="2A0C4B018F02FE7B71A9CBB8846047BA" unit="page">
<mods:start id="872EF89FCE1823FCF20AFF7541A230CF">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7256DDB409F6CD0951A2E106E2E96153">107</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="82D0DEC4F0CEC51CE7E6FD87C8B03FEC">
<mods:url id="303EA74BCC35F5317D7CB3C7D627FA62">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="40BC9B254A25B87D957265D39F4EC973">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="32FD886C2AEE335FF31B2FD141D39D8E" type="CLB-Dataset">222435</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D8550ABE3CEBF9D88EC2088ACCBEAE9A" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2022.854.2021</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="110311ED970BD64A8D86857DE70CE005" type="GBIF-Dataset">9333695a-96ff-4ffe-a639-b75433682bee</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E337678A53792C5B3B14396279AF09A3" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F38D5FCD24034726760EC9577DA8FD32" type="Zenodo-Dep">7501327</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="BC0B1BC9FA06DD327A4F623CB32A8F84" type="ZooBank">8EA03380-77C9-4DA8-9A4E-9005D19D91E4</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7525729" ID-GBIF-Taxon="208789631" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7525729" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="C31B65052745B524FDD9FBC732EDFB98" box="[596,992,1093,1120]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FDD9FBC732EDFB98" blockId="8.[359,1228,1093,1191]" box="[596,992,1093,1120]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0F681E22745B524FDD9FBC732EDFB98" box="[596,992,1093,1120]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2745B524FDD9FBC73273FB98" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[596,894,1093,1120]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2745B524FDD9FBC73273FB98" bold="true" box="[596,894,1093,1120]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72745B524FC08FBC432EDFB98" box="[901,992,1094,1120]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052745B524FEEAFBEB3275FB5F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FEEAFBEB35C1FB7C" blockId="8.[359,1228,1093,1191]" box="[359,1228,1129,1156]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<uri id="FF903A8C2745B524FEEAFBEB35C1FB7C" box="[359,1228,1129,1156]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 
<uuid id="FFA70C5B2745B524FD0AFBEB35C1FB7C" box="[647,1228,1129,1156]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">BF8BCF5A-B93E-4C89-A9C5-EAE47B662863</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FD36FB0F3275FB5F" blockId="8.[359,1228,1093,1191]" box="[699,888,1165,1191]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2745B524FD36FB0F3209FB5F" box="[699,772,1165,1191]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,233,1855,1881]" captionTargetBox="[278,1318,488,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-94@4.[279,1230,512,1804]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of mainland species of Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 in South America. Note the disjunct distribution pattern, with two allopatric groups: Andes mountain range (Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov, T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880)) and Atlantic Forest range (T. grapiuna Curcio et al., 2012, T. preciosus Curcio et al., 2012, T. paucisquamis (Müller in Schenkel, 1901)). Inset photograph: T. cacuangoae sp. nov. (not to scale)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501329" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501329/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2745B524FC9FFB0F3242FB5F" box="[786,847,1165,1191]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStart-5="Fig" captionStart-6="Fig" captionStart-7="Fig" captionStart-8="Fig" captionStart-9="Fig" captionStartId-0="9.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionStartId-1="10.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionStartId-2="11.[189,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-3="12.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionStartId-4="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionStartId-5="16.[190,232,1787,1813]" captionStartId-6="17.[187,231,1786,1812]" captionStartId-7="18.[189,231,1750,1776]" captionStartId-8="19.[189,233,1716,1742]" captionStartId-9="21.[191,234,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1016,1923]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,1025,1913]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,1184,1921]" captionTargetBox-3="[204,1393,766,1878]" captionTargetBox-4="[215,1377,1256,1877]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetBox-6="[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetBox-7="[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetBox-8="[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetBox-9="[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetId-0="figure-145@9.[189,1398,1016,1923]" captionTargetId-1="figure-285@10.[189,1398,1025,1913]" captionTargetId-2="figure-343@11.[189,1398,1184,1921]" captionTargetId-3="figure-168@12.[189,1398,756,1888]" captionTargetId-4="figure-354@13.[189,1398,1230,1889]" captionTargetId-5="figure-239@16.[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetId-6="figure-254@17.[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetId-7="figure-257@18.[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetId-8="figure-317@19.[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetId-9="figure-195@21.[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="12" captionTargetPageId-4="13" captionTargetPageId-5="16" captionTargetPageId-6="17" captionTargetPageId-7="18" captionTargetPageId-8="19" captionTargetPageId-9="21" captionText-0="Fig. 4. Lateral view of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 5. Lateral view of Tropidophis cauangoae sp. nov., ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-2="Fig. 6. Dorsal view ofTropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893) in life. Photograph credits: Danilo Medina." captionText-3="Fig. 7. Head views of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. in life. A–C. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). D–F. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Photograph credits: A–C = H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade; D–F= Danilo Medina." captionText-4="Fig. 8. X-ray images of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). B. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female." captionText-5="Fig. 9.Micro-CT images of the dorsal view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-6="Fig. 10. Micro-CT images of the anterior view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored for better visualization.Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; ECP = ectopterygoid; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; SP = splenial; ST = supratemporal." captionText-7="Fig. 11.Micro-CT images of the lateral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; COL = columella; CPS = conchal process of septomaxilla; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-8="Fig. 12. Micro-CT images of the ventral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae, and right palatine, pterygoid, ectopterygoid and quadrate are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; CHP = choanal process of palatine; COL = columella; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid rostrum; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; ST = supratemporal; V = vomer." captionText-9="Fig. 13. Micro-CT images of the right mandibula of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727) in lateral, medial, dorsal, and ventral views (from top to bottom). Different bones are digitally colored for better visualization. Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; DPD = dorsal process of dentary; PCR = prearticular crest of compound bone; RP = retroarticular process of compound bone; SAC = surangular crest of compound bone; SP = splenial; VPD = ventral process of dentary." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501333" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501335" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501337" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501339" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501347" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501349" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501351" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501353" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501355" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7501333/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7501335/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7501337/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7501339/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/7501347/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/7501349/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/7501351/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/7501353/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/7501355/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4–13</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2745B524FCD6FB0F3275FB5F" box="[859,888,1165,1191]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-121@26.[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 16. Distinction in dorsal keel character states, well developed in Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (top, DHMECN 16391), and inconspicuous or absent in Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. (bottom, DHMECN 16725)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501361/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">16</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052745B524FF30FB4D30B5F8AC" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FF30FB4D303BFB11" blockId="8.[189,310,1231,1257]" box="[189,310,1231,1257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0F681E22745B524FF30FB4D303BFB11" bold="true" box="[189,310,1231,1257]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2745B524FF30FB4D303BFB11" bold="true" box="[189,310,1231,1257]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FF30FB7C30B5F8AC" blockId="8.[187,1401,1278,1876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2745B524FF30FB7C30E9FAE0" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[189,484,1278,1304]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2745B524FF30FB7C30E9FAE0" box="[189,484,1278,1304]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72745B524FE62FB7D3341FAE1" box="[495,588,1279,1305]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be distinguished from all its congeners based on the following combination of characters: (1) slightly keeled dorsal scales with no apical pits, 23/22/17 or 22/23/17 rows; (2) postoculars three; (3) loreal absent, possibly fused with nasal plate; (4) temporal formula 3 + 4 + 3 or 2 + 3 + 3; (5) supralabials 8–10, with 4 
<superScript id="7C749BC62745B524FD29FAEB33BCFA8F" attach="left" box="[676,689,1385,1399]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
and 5 
<superScript id="7C749BC62745B524FD75FAEB3208FA8F" attach="left" box="[760,773,1385,1399]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">th</superScript>
in contact with eye orbit; (6) infralabials 10–11, with first two pairs in contact with anterior chinshields; (7) ventrals 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FC11FA0F32EBFA5F" box="[924,998,1421,1447]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1148" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="162.0">162 in</quantity>
single male, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FB0CFA0F35C6FA5F" box="[1153,1227,1421,1448]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9624" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="156.0">156 in</quantity>
single female; (8) subcaudals single, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FE4FFA3330F0FA33" box="[450,509,1457,1483]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
single male, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FD15FA3333DEFA33" box="[664,723,1457,1483]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
single female, male with cloacal spines; (9) in life, dorsal background coloration light brown, with diffuse dorsolateral black blotches, gray vertebral coloration, dark brown postocular stripe and diffuse dark brown pigmentation on labials; (10) in life, ventral background coloration light orange, with large ocellar black blotches, ranging from 16–20, covering up to four ventrals each; (11) maximum SVL 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FE67F9C23344F9A2" box="[490,585,1600,1626]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="271.0">271 mm</quantity>
in single male, and 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FCA6F9BD3284F9A2" box="[811,905,1599,1626]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
in single female; (12) maximum tail length 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FF30F9E13003F986" box="[189,270,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
in single male, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2745B524FE4FF9E1331EF986" box="[450,531,1635,1662]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
in single female; (13) vertebral scale rows 161–162 on body, 32–35 on tail; (14) nasal contacting rostral, first and second supralabials, preocular, anterior prefrontal, and internasal; (15) two pairs of prefrontals; (16) maxillary teeth 18‒21; (17) prefrontal and maxilla bones in contact; (18) dentary and angular bones in contact; (19) medial contact of exoccipitals loose; (20) small ventral ethmoidal foramen in premaxilla body; (21) cervical vertebrae two or less; (22) vomer further expanded laterally to completely encapsulate vomeronasal organ posteriorly; (23) postorbital, dorsomedial head divided in two heads.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052745B525FF30F8FE3230FE91" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B524FF30F8FE3049F86E" blockId="8.[189,324,1916,1942]" box="[189,324,1916,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0F681E22745B524FF30F8FE3049F86E" bold="true" box="[189,324,1916,1942]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2745B524FF30F8FE3049F86E" bold="true" box="[189,324,1916,1942]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2745B525FF30F8293230FE91" blockId="8.[189,1399,1963,2025]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,265,361]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
The specific epithet ʻ 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2745B524FE22F8293330F83C" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[431,573,1963,1988]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2745B524FE22F8293330F83C" box="[431,573,1963,1988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ʼ, is a noun in genitive case, a Latinization honoring Dolores Cacuango, an Ecuadorian benchmark of feminism and human rights of the early twentieth century. She claimed the identity and rights of the Ecuadorian indigenous people, leading them to defend themselves from abuse and discrimination. Also, she demanded the teaching of Quechua and founded the first bilingual schools in 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2744B525FF56FECD3030FE91" box="[219,317,335,361]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and the Ecuadorian Indigenous Federation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052744B525FF30FE133469FC7A" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF30FE133061FE52" blockId="9.[189,364,400,427]" box="[189,364,400,427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0F681E22744B525FF30FE133061FE52" bold="true" box="[189,364,400,427]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FF30FE133061FE52" bold="true" box="[189,364,400,427]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF67FE3D329CFDBC" blockId="9.[189,1399,447,580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="3B693CD32744B525FF67FE3D329CFDBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4012735302" collectionCode="DHMECN" collectorName="H. M. Ortega-Andrade" country="Ecuador" county="San Juan de Muyuna Municipality" elevation="1613" latitude="0.9337" location="Reserva Biologica Colonso Chalupas" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.92239" municipality="San Juan de Muyuna" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="DHMECN 16725" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Napo Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FF67FE3D3051FE21" bold="true" box="[234,348,447,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2744B525FF67FE3D3051FE21" box="[234,348,447,473]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2744B525FF30FE613046FE05" box="[189,331,483,509]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
• adult 
<specimenCount id="9D07FD072744B525FE25FE6130CCFE05" box="[424,449,483,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2744B525FE42FE61338FFE04" box="[463,642,482,509]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDAACF42744B525FD03FE61328BFE05" box="[654,902,482,509]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">San Juan de Muyuna</collectingMunicipality>
Municipality, 
<location id="8EDE60552744B525FBB9FE613020FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5:8EDE60552744B525FBB9FE613020FDD8" country="Ecuador" county="San Juan de Muyuna Municipality" latitude="0.9337" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.92239" municipality="San Juan de Muyuna" name="Reserva Biologica Colonso Chalupas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Napo Province">Reserva Biológica Colonso Chalupas</location>
, 
<location id="8EDE60552744B525FEB4FD8430E3FDD8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5:8EDE60552744B525FEB4FD8430E3FDD8" box="[313,494,518,544]" country="Ecuador" county="San Juan de Muyuna Municipality" latitude="0.9337" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-77.92239" municipality="San Juan de Muyuna" name="Campamento 2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Napo Province">Campamento 2</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492744B525FE71FD843376FDD8" box="[508,635,518,544]" degrees="0.93370" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="0.9337">0.93370 N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492744B525FD0AFD843217FDD8" box="[647,794,518,544]" degrees="77.92239" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="-77.92239">77.92239 W</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2744B525FCDEFD8432A2FDD8" box="[851,943,518,544]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.613" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1613.0">
<elevation id="002CD1BD2744B525FCDEFD8432A2FDD8" box="[851,943,518,544]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.613" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1613.0">1613 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectorName id="26F453582744B525FC31FD8435CCFDD8" box="[956,1217,518,544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.M. Ortega-Andrade</collectorName>
leg.; sequence: 
<specimenCode id="DBA79EF52744B525FF30FDAB309DFDBC" box="[189,400,553,580]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DHMECN 16725</specimenCode>
; DHMECN 16725. (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FD0EFDAB33C2FDBB" box="[643,719,553,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1016,1923]" captionTargetId="figure-145@9.[189,1398,1016,1923]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 4. Lateral view of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). Scale bar = 10 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501333/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FD51FDAB3228FDBB" box="[732,805,553,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="12.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[204,1393,766,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-168@12.[189,1398,756,1888]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Fig. 7. Head views of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. in life. A–C. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). D–F. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Photograph credits: A–C = H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade; D–F= Danilo Medina." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501339/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7A–C</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FCBDFDAB325BFDBB" box="[816,854,553,579]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[215,1377,1256,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-354@13.[189,1398,1230,1889]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. X-ray images of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). B. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">8A</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FCEEFDAB3289FDBC" box="[867,900,553,580]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetId="figure-121@26.[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig. 16. Distinction in dorsal keel character states, well developed in Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (top, DHMECN 16391), and inconspicuous or absent in Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. (bottom, DHMECN 16725)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501361/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">16</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF67FDE83084FD16" blockId="9.[189,1399,618,751]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="3B693CD32744B525FF67FDE83088FD16" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4012735303" collectionCode="DHMECN" collectorName="A. Bentley" country="Ecuador" county="Mera County" elevation="1481" latitude="1.393047" location="Sumak Kawsay In Situ reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.0686" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="DHMECN 15893" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pastaza Province" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FF67FDE83051FD7C" bold="true" box="[234,348,618,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2744B525FF67FDE83051FD7C" box="[234,348,618,644]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2744B525FF30FD0C3046FD50" box="[189,331,654,680]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
• adult 
<specimenCount id="9D07FD072744B525FE27FD0C30CCFD50" box="[426,449,654,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2744B525FE5CFD0C3391FD5F" box="[465,668,653,680]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pastaza Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62DF4E022744B525FD27FD0C3245FD50" box="[682,840,654,680]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mera County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="8EDE60552744B525FCD8FD0F35CAFD50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5:8EDE60552744B525FCD8FD0F35CAFD50" box="[853,1223,653,680]" country="Ecuador" county="Mera County" latitude="1.393047" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-78.0686" name="Sumak Kawsay In Situ reserve" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Pastaza Province">Sumak Kawsay In Situ reserve</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492744B525FB58FD0C347FFD50" box="[1237,1394,654,680]" degrees="1.3930470" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="1.393047">1.3930470 N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492744B525FF30FD333064FD33" box="[189,361,689,716]" degrees="78.0686059" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="1" value="-78.0686">78.0686059 W</geoCoordinate>
; alt. 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2744B525FE10FD3330FBFD33" box="[413,502,689,715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4809999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1481.0">
<elevation id="002CD1BD2744B525FE10FD3330FBFD33" box="[413,502,689,715]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4809999999999999" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1481.0">1481 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; 
<collectorName id="26F453582744B525FE72FD333376FD33" box="[511,635,689,715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. Bentley</collectorName>
leg.; sequence: HMOA1935_RBCC; 
<specimenCode id="DBA79EF52744B525FBA6FD3335F7FD34" box="[1067,1274,689,716]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DHMECN 15893</specimenCode>
. (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FA86FD33300DFD17" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="10.[189,232,1961,1987]" captionStartId-1="11.[189,231,1963,1989]" captionStartId-2="12.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,1025,1913]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,1184,1921]" captionTargetBox-2="[204,1393,766,1878]" captionTargetId-0="figure-285@10.[189,1398,1025,1913]" captionTargetId-1="figure-343@11.[189,1398,1184,1921]" captionTargetId-2="figure-168@12.[189,1398,756,1888]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="Fig. 5. Lateral view of Tropidophis cauangoae sp. nov., ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Scale bar = 10 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 6. Dorsal view ofTropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893) in life. Photograph credits: Danilo Medina." captionText-2="Fig. 7. Head views of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. in life. A–C. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). D–F. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Photograph credits: A–C = H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade; D–F= Danilo Medina." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501335" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501337" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501339" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7501335/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7501337/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7501339/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 5–7, 7D–F</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FE81FD56303CFD16" box="[268,305,724,750]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[215,1377,1256,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-354@13.[189,1398,1230,1889]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. X-ray images of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). B. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">8B</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2744B525FEB0FD563076FD16" box="[317,379,724,750]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="16.[190,232,1787,1813]" captionStartId-1="17.[187,231,1786,1812]" captionStartId-2="18.[189,231,1750,1776]" captionStartId-3="19.[189,233,1716,1742]" captionStartId-4="21.[191,234,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetId-0="figure-239@16.[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetId-1="figure-254@17.[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetId-2="figure-257@18.[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetId-3="figure-317@19.[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetId-4="figure-195@21.[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="21" captionText-0="Fig. 9.Micro-CT images of the dorsal view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-1="Fig. 10. Micro-CT images of the anterior view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored for better visualization.Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; ECP = ectopterygoid; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; SP = splenial; ST = supratemporal." captionText-2="Fig. 11.Micro-CT images of the lateral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; COL = columella; CPS = conchal process of septomaxilla; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-3="Fig. 12. Micro-CT images of the ventral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae, and right palatine, pterygoid, ectopterygoid and quadrate are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; CHP = choanal process of palatine; COL = columella; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid rostrum; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; ST = supratemporal; V = vomer." captionText-4="Fig. 13. Micro-CT images of the right mandibula of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727) in lateral, medial, dorsal, and ventral views (from top to bottom). Different bones are digitally colored for better visualization. Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; DPD = dorsal process of dentary; PCR = prearticular crest of compound bone; RP = retroarticular process of compound bone; SAC = surangular crest of compound bone; SP = splenial; VPD = ventral process of dentary." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501347" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501349" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501351" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501353" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501355" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7501347/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7501349/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7501351/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7501353/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7501355/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">9–13</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF30FC9730A5FCD7" blockId="9.[189,424,789,815]" box="[189,424,789,815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="D0F681E22744B525FF30FC9730A5FCD7" bold="true" box="[189,424,789,815]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FF30FC9730A5FCD7" bold="true" box="[189,424,789,815]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Referred specimen</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF30FCC63469FC7A" blockId="9.[189,1399,836,898]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation id="3B693CD32744B525FF30FCC63452FC7A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4012735301" collectionCode="DHMECN" country="Ecuador" location="Guayzimi" municipality="Nangaritza" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="DHMECN 16126" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe Province">
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2744B525FF30FCC63040FCA6" box="[189,333,836,862]" name="Ecuador" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
• adult 
<specimenCount id="9D07FD072744B525FE3DFCC630C4FCA6" box="[432,457,836,862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
; 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2744B525FE55FCC6323FFCA6" box="[472,818,836,862]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Zamora-Chinchipe Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="8EDE60552744B525FCCDFCC632B4FCA6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A887982745B530FDD9FBC73049FCA5:8EDE60552744B525FCCDFCC632B4FCA6" box="[832,953,836,862]" country="Ecuador" municipality="Nangaritza" name="Guayzimi" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" stateProvince="Zamora-Chinchipe Province">Guayzimi</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDAACF42744B525FC4AFCC63546FCA6" box="[967,1099,836,862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Nangaritza</collectingMunicipality>
Municipality; sequence: AB161_NTF3; 
<specimenCode id="DBA79EF52744B525FEFBFCE53347FC79" box="[374,586,871,897]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">DHMECN 16126</specimenCode>
. Unconfirmed candidate new species (
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2744B525FB81FCE53459FC79" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[1036,1364,871,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FB81FCE53594FC79" box="[1036,1177,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tropidophis</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FB4BFCEA3459FC79" box="[1222,1364,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7E66062744B525FF30F829301AF811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501333" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501333/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1016,1923]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2744B525FF30F829301AF811" blockId="9.[189,1399,1963,2025]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FF30F8293006F83D" bold="true" box="[189,267,1963,1989]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 4.</emphasis>
Lateral view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2744B525FE5FF82933F8F83D" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[466,757,1963,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2744B525FE5FF82933F8F83D" box="[466,757,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72744B525FD73F82E3256F83E" box="[766,859,1964,1990]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052747B537FF30FE8A307DFBDD" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2747B526FF30FE8A30ECFEDB" blockId="10.[189,481,264,291]" box="[189,481,264,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0F681E22747B526FF30FE8A30ECFEDB" bold="true" box="[189,481,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2747B526FF30FE8A30ECFEDB" bold="true" box="[189,481,264,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2747B526FEF8FE8B30ECFEDB" box="[373,481,265,291]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2747B527FF30FEB5331EFCAE" blockId="10.[188,1399,311,936]" lastBlockId="11.[188,1400,265,855]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Adult male. Total length 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FE67FEB5335CFEAA" box="[490,593,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="320.0">320 mm</quantity>
; SVL 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FD13FEB53208FEAA" box="[670,773,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="271.0">271 mm</quantity>
; tail length 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC19FEB532E5FEAA" box="[916,1000,311,338]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="49.0">49 mm</quantity>
(15.3% of total length, 18.8% of SVL). Head length 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FE20FED83314FE8D" box="[429,537,346,373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.71" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="8.71">8.71 mm</quantity>
(2.72% of total length, 3.21% of SVL); head width 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FB13FED83407FE8D" box="[1182,1290,346,373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.78" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="6.78">6.78 mm</quantity>
(77% of head length, 2.12% of total length); interorbital distance 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FCD3FEFC32B5FE60" box="[862,952,382,408]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
(54.5% of head width); rostro-orbital distance 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FEAEFE233065FE43" box="[291,360,417,443]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
; nostril-orbital distance 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FDF2FE2333CFFE43" box="[639,706,417,443]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
(45.92% of head length); cervical constriction distinct, with a conspicuously flat vertebral row; head distinct from neck, triangular in dorsal view, narrow anteriorly, arched in lateral view; pupil elliptical, oval shaped; rostral rounded, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC5FFE653537FDFA" box="[978,1082,487,514]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.07" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.07">2.07 mm</quantity>
wide, projected over lower jaw, length of portion visible in dorsal view slightly smaller than internasal suture; internasals paired, square, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FE94FDAF308FFDB0" box="[281,386,557,584]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.45">1.45 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FE40FDAC333BFDB0" box="[461,566,558,584]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.32" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.32">1.32 mm</quantity>
wide; each internasal contacting nasal, rostral, and anterior prefrontal, separated from supralabials; anterior prefrontals paired, square, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC4BFDD3353CFD93" box="[966,1073,593,619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.18" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.18">1.18 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FB0DFDD335E6FD93" box="[1152,1259,593,619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.78">1.78 mm</quantity>
wide; each anterior prefrontal contacts internasals, nasal, preocular, and posterior prefrontals; posterior prefrontals paired, square, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FEE1FD1530C8FD4A" box="[364,453,663,690]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FD86FD15337FFD4A" box="[523,626,663,690]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.44">1.44 mm</quantity>
wide; each posterior prefrontal contacts frontal, preocular, anterior prefrontals and supraoculars; frontal hexagonal, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC87FD38327BFD2D" box="[778,886,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.13">3.13 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC4BFD38353CFD2D" box="[966,1073,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.73">1.73 mm</quantity>
wide, contacting posterior prefrontals, supraoculars, and parietals; supraocular trapezoidal, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC2AFD5F3500FD00" box="[935,1037,733,760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.64" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="2.64">2.64 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FBD9FD5F35B7FD00" box="[1108,1210,733,760]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="1.25">1.25 mm</quantity>
wide, in contact with preocular, posterior prefrontal, frontal, parietal, and upper postocular; parietals paired, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FA97FC83347BFCE3" box="[1306,1398,769,795]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FF72FCA6304FFCC6" box="[255,322,804,830]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
at its largest width, broadly in contact, with a single interparietal, contacting parietals, upper postocular, frontal, temporals, and occipitals; occipitals square-shaped, enlarged, in four rows, contacting dorsals; nasal trapezoidal, undivided, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FDF6FCE833CDFC7D" box="[635,704,874,901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2747B526FC86FCE83278FC7D" box="[779,885,874,901]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="0.85">0.85 mm</quantity>
high, contacting rostral, internasals, 1 
<superScript id="7C749BC62747B526FAB4FCE83449FC80" attach="left" box="[1337,1348,874,888]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">st</superScript>
and 2 
<superScript id="7C749BC62747B526FF41FC0F31D0FC63" attach="left" box="[204,221,909,923]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">nd</superScript>
supralabials, anterior prefrontal, and preocular; nostril located in anterior third of nasal, not visible from above; preocular trapezoidal, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FDD3FE8B33C5FEDB" box="[606,712,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.97">0.97 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FC99FE8B3270FEDB" box="[788,893,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.61">1.61 mm</quantity>
high, contacting nasal, anterior prefrontal, posterior prefrontal, 2 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FE30FEA930C3FEC1" attach="left" box="[445,462,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">nd</superScript>
and 3 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FD9BFEA93329FEC1" attach="left" box="[534,548,299,313]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">rd</superScript>
supralabials, and supraocular; upper postocular 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FBD1FEAE35C9FEBF" box="[1116,1220,300,327]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.03" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.03">1.03 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FA83FEAE347AFEBF" box="[1294,1399,300,327]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.98">0.98 mm</quantity>
high, contacting supraocular, parietal, middle postocular, and 1 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FC23FECD32B4FEA5" attach="left" box="[942,953,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">st</superScript>
row of temporals; middle postocular 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FF30FEF1302BFE75" box="[189,294,371,397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.89">0.89 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FEFFFEF130D6FE75" box="[370,475,371,397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.77">0.77 mm</quantity>
high, contacting upper postocular, 1 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FC07FEF03298FE78" attach="left" box="[906,917,370,384]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">st</superScript>
row of temporals, and lower postocular; lower postocular 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FE0FFE1430D4FE48" box="[386,473,406,432]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FD92FE14337BFE48" box="[543,630,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
high, contacting 5 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FCC5FE173258FE5B" attach="right" box="[840,853,405,419]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
, 6 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FCFDFE173270FE5B" attach="none" box="[880,893,405,419]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
, and 7 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FC45FE1732D8FE5B" attach="left" box="[968,981,405,419]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
supralabials, and middle postocular; temporals 3 + 4 + 3, first row contacting upper and middle postoculars, parietal, 7 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FBF7FE3A358AFE3E" attach="left" box="[1146,1159,440,454]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
and 8 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FB43FE3A35D6FE3E" attach="left" box="[1230,1243,440,454]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
supralabials, second row contacting parietals, 8 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FDC4FE59335BFE11" attach="left" box="[585,598,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
and 9 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FD11FE5933A4FE11" attach="left" box="[668,681,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
supralabials, third row contacting parietals, occipitals, 9 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FAB5FE593448FE11" attach="left" box="[1336,1349,475,489]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
and 10 
<superScript id="7C749BC62746B527FF57FE7D31EAFDF5" attach="left" box="[218,231,511,525]" fontSize="6" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">th</superScript>
supralabials; supralabials ten, 4–5 entering orbit; first supralabial contacts rostral and nasal, second contacts nasal and preocular, third contacts preocular, fifth and sixth contact lower postocular, seventh contacts first row of temporals, middle and lower postoculars, eighth contacts first and second row of temporals, ninth contacts second and third row of temporals, tenth contacts third row of temporals; mental triangular, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FE1AFD0E330CFD5F" box="[407,513,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.75">0.75 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FDC3FD0E33B5FD5F" box="[590,696,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.28" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="2.28">2.28 mm</quantity>
wide; anterior chinshields paired, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FBD8FD0E35CDFD5F" box="[1109,1216,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="1.95">1.95 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FA80FD0E347AFD5F" box="[1293,1399,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="0.68">0.68 mm</quantity>
wide; infralabials ten, first pair separated by mental and anterior chinshields, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FBBAFD2D358CFD31" box="[1079,1153,687,713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 in</quantity>
contact with anterior chinshields, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2746B527FEDFFD513092FD14" box="[338,415,722,749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.08" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 in</quantity>
unilateral (right side) contact with posterior chinshields, second and third largest, equal in size; dorsal scales slightly keeled, in 23/22/17 rows; pre-cloacal scale entire, with spines; ventrals 162; single preventral; subcaudals entire, 33; terminal scale acuminate, curved ventrally; vertebral scale rows 162 on body, 35 on tail.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062747B526FF30F82B301AF81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501335" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501335/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[189,232,1961,1987]" targetBox="[189,1398,1025,1913]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2747B526FF30F82B301AF81F" blockId="10.[189,1399,1961,2023]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2747B526FF30F82B3001F83B" bold="true" box="[189,268,1961,1987]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 5.</emphasis>
Lateral view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2747B526FE5AF82B33FDF83B" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[471,752,1961,1987]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cauangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2747B526FE5AF82B33FDF83B" box="[471,752,1961,1987]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tropidophis cauangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72747B526FD75F828325BF83C" box="[760,854,1962,1988]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Scale bar = 10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2746B527FF30FCFC303FFC43" blockId="11.[189,1398,893,955]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Two cervical vertebrae; trunk vertebrae 158; caudal vertebrae 39; remnants of pelvic bones present (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2746B527FF4BFC233029FC43" box="[198,292,929,955]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[215,1377,1256,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-354@13.[189,1398,1230,1889]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. X-ray images of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). B. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2746B520FF30FC603511FE74" blockId="11.[189,1400,994,1126]" lastBlockId="12.[189,1399,265,397]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Head background coloration light brown dorsally and laterally, dark brown pigmentation dispersed through center of head, coalescing outwards from suture of internasals, prefrontals, and frontal; rostral, supralabials, nasals and preocular with light brown background coloration, and diffuse dark pigmentation on scale edges; conspicuous postocular dark brown stripe, covering upper and middle postoculars, temporals, and dorsals; dark brown pigmentation on edges of infralabials, and into chinshields and gulars; dorsal background coloration light brown, with ocellar black blotches (mostly confined to edges of dorsals), coalescing outwards from dorsoventral region and ventral blotches; ventral background coloration uniformly cream, with 16 ventral ocelli-shaped black blotches.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062746B527FF30F82930DEF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501337" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501337" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501337/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[189,231,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1184,1921]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2746B527FF30F82930DEF810" blockId="11.[189,1399,1963,2024]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2746B527FF30F829300AF83D" bold="true" box="[189,263,1963,1989]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2746B527FE3BF82933C2F83D" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[438,719,1963,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2746B527FE3BF82933C2F83D" box="[438,719,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72746B527FD59F82E3222F83E" box="[724,815,1964,1990]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893) in life. Photograph credits: Danilo Medina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2741B520FF30FE36303EFE36" blockId="12.[189,307,436,462]" box="[189,307,436,462]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0F681E22741B520FF30FE36303EFE36" bold="true" box="[189,307,436,462]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2741B520FF30FE36303EFE36" bold="true" box="[189,307,436,462]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Variation</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2741B521FF30FE6030F8FC82" blockId="12.[189,1401,482,685]" lastBlockId="13.[189,1399,265,890]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
The new species is known solely based on 
<specimenCount id="9D07FD072741B520FD4FFE61327BFE04" box="[706,886,482,509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
. Measurements (given in mm) range from: SVL 255–271 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FEFBFD8430C9FDD8" box="[374,452,518,545]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.477" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="255.0">255 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FDA0FD843374FDD8" box="[557,633,518,544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8834" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="271.0">271 in</quantity>
male), tail length 40–49 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FC3DFD8432E2FDD8" box="[944,1007,518,544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="40.0">40 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FBD5FD84359BFDD8" box="[1112,1174,518,544]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2446" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="49.0">49 in</quantity>
male), total length 295–320 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FEB9FDAB3072FDBB" box="[308,383,553,580]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.492999999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="295.0">295 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FE6EFDAB3320FDBB" box="[483,557,553,579]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.128" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="320.0">320 in</quantity>
male); head length 8.41–8.71 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FC15FDAB32E7FDBB" box="[920,1002,553,579]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.13614" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="8.41">8.41 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FBC3FDAB3592FDBB" box="[1102,1183,553,579]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21234" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="8.71">8.71 in</quantity>
male); head width 5.51–6.78 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FECFFDCE3099FD9E" box="[322,404,588,615]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39954" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="5.51">5.51 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FE74FDCE3347FD9E" box="[505,586,588,614]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7221199999999999" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="6.78">6.78 in</quantity>
male); rostral length 1.07–1.32 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FC47FDCE3510FD9E" box="[970,1053,588,614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7178" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.07">1.07 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FB0FFDCE35DEFD9E" box="[1154,1235,588,614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3528" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.32">1.32 in</quantity>
male); rostral width 1.53–2.07 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FE1EFDED30E4FD71" box="[403,489,623,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8862" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.53">1.53 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FDD9FDED33A5FD71" box="[596,680,623,649]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2578" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="2.07">2.07 in</quantity>
male); internasal length 1.65–1.83 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FBECFDED35BBFD71" box="[1121,1206,623,650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.191" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.65">1.65 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FAACFDED3478FD71" box="[1313,1397,623,649]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6482" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.83">1.83 in</quantity>
male); nasal length 1.78–3 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FE70FD113343FD54" box="[509,590,658,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5212" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="1.78">1.78 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FD3DFD1133D1FD54" box="[688,732,658,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
male); nasal width 0.8–0.85 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FBBCFD113579FD54" box="[1073,1140,658,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="0.8">0.8 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2741B520FB5BFD10342BFD54" box="[1238,1318,658,685]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.159" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="0.85">0.85 in</quantity>
male); anterior prefrontal length 0.92–1.18 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FDFCFE8B33C8FEDB" box="[625,709,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3368" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.92">0.92 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCA1FE8B3273FEDB" box="[812,894,265,291]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9972" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.18">1.18 in</quantity>
male); anterior prefrontal width 1.78–2.47 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF48FEAE301BFEBE" box="[197,278,300,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2738" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.47">2.47 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FEF5FEAE30C5FEBE" box="[376,456,300,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5212" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.78">1.78 in</quantity>
male); posterior prefrontal length 0.87–0.9 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FC48FEAE3505FEBE" box="[965,1032,300,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.9">0.9 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FBE4FEAE35B4FEBE" box="[1129,1209,300,326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2098" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.87">0.87 in</quantity>
male); posterior prefrontal width 1.13–1.44 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD9EFECD3364FE91" box="[531,617,335,361]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8701999999999996" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.13">1.13 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD59FECD3224FE91" box="[724,809,335,361]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6576" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.44">1.44 in</quantity>
male); frontal length 3.03–3.13 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB33FECD3419FE91" box="[1214,1300,335,361]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.696199999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.03">3.03 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF30FEF13002FE74" box="[189,271,370,397]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9502" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="3.13">3.13 in</quantity>
male); frontal width 1.73–1.9 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD0FFEF133CAFE74" box="[642,711,370,397]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.826" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.9">1.9 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCA0FEF1328DFE74" box="[813,896,370,397]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3942" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.73">1.73 in</quantity>
male); supraocular length 2.23–2.64 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FACFFEF131D9FE48" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6642" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.23">2.23 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FEB1FE143083FE48" box="[316,398,406,432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7056" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.64">2.64 in</quantity>
male); supraocular width 0.83–1.25 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCC1FE1432ADFE48" box="[844,928,406,432]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1082" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.83">0.83 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB85FE143556FE48" box="[1032,1115,406,433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.175" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.25">1.25 in</quantity>
male); preocular length 0.74–0.97 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FECBFE3B3091FE2B" box="[326,412,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8796" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.74">0.74 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD85FE3B3351FE2B" box="[520,604,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4638" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.97">0.97 in</quantity>
male); preocular width 1.48–1.61 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB81FE3B356FFE2B" box="[1036,1122,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7592" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.48">1.48 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB40FE3B342CFE2B" box="[1229,1313,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0894" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.61">1.61 in</quantity>
male); upper postocular length 1.03–1.06 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FDE1FE5E33CFFE0E" box="[620,706,476,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6924" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.06">1.06 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCA0FE5E328CFE0E" box="[813,897,476,502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6162" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.03">1.03 in</quantity>
male); upper postocular width 0.98–1.16 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF48FE7D301AFDE1" box="[197,279,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4892" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.98">0.98 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FEF7FE7D30C7FDE1" box="[378,458,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9463999999999997" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.16">1.16 in</quantity>
male); middle postocular length 0.89–0.91 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FC47FE7D3511FDE1" box="[970,1052,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3114" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.91">0.91 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FBF2FE7D35C2FDE1" box="[1151,1231,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2606" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.89">0.89 in</quantity>
male); middle postocular width 0.77–0.97 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD8BFDA1335AFDC4" box="[518,599,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4638" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.97">0.97 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD34FDA13205FDC4" box="[697,776,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9558" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.77">0.77 in</quantity>
male); lower postocular length 0.7–0.9 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB55FDA13416FDC4" box="[1240,1307,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7779999999999998" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.7">0.7 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF30FDC4300DFD98" box="[189,256,582,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.9">0.9 in</quantity>
male); lower postocular width 0.43–0.54 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD78FDC43245FD98" box="[757,840,582,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0922" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.43">0.43 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FC23FDC432F2FD98" box="[942,1023,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3716" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.54">0.54 in</quantity>
male); mental length 0.66–0.75 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF48FDEB301AFD7B" box="[197,279,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6764" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.66">0.66 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FEF7FDEB30C7FD7B" box="[378,458,617,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.75">0.75 in</quantity>
male); mental width 2.09–2.28 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCCFFDEB3299FD7B" box="[834,916,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.308599999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.09">2.09 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FC7BFDEB354AFD7B" box="[1014,1095,617,643]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7912" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.28">2.28 in</quantity>
male); anterior chinshield length 1.92–1.95 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FE1AFD0E30E1FD5E" box="[407,492,652,678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8768" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.92">1.92 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FDDBFD0E33A4FD5E" box="[598,681,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="1.95">1.95 in</quantity>
male); anterior chinshield width 0.67–0.68 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FB4CFD0E341BFD5E" box="[1217,1302,652,678]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7018" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.67">0.67 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF30FD2D3002FD31" box="[189,271,687,713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7272" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.68">0.68 in</quantity>
male); posterior chinshield length 2.32–2.61 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCA1FD2D3272FD31" box="[812,895,687,713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6293999999999995" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.61">2.61 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FC69FD2D3538FD31" box="[996,1077,687,713]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.892799999999999" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="2.32">2.32 in</quantity>
male); posterior chinshield width 0.75–0.85 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FE02FD5030EEFD14" box="[399,483,722,749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.75">0.75 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FDC1FD503392FD14" box="[588,671,722,749]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.159" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="0.85">0.85 in</quantity>
male). Scale counts may vary: dorsals 23/22/17 or 22/23/17; temporals 3 + 4 + 3 or 2 + 3 + 3; supralabials 8/8 or 10/9, with 3–5 or 3–4 contacting orbit; infralabials 9/9 or 10/9, with 1–2 contacting anterior chinshields; gular scale rows 7–12; vertebral scales on body 161–162, on tail 32–35; ventrals 156–162 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FD22FCBE33F4FCAE" box="[687,761,828,855]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9624" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="156.0">156 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FCD1FCBE32A8FCAE" box="[860,933,828,854]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1148" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="162.0">162 in</quantity>
male); subcaudals single, 30–33 shields (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FF48FCDD300FFC81" box="[197,258,863,889]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
female, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2740B521FEE5FCDD30A9FC81" box="[360,420,863,889]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
male).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062741B520FF30F80A307BF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501339" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501339/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[189,232,1928,1954]" targetBox="[204,1393,766,1878]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2741B520FF30F80A307BF810" blockId="12.[189,1399,1928,2024]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2741B520FF30F80A3001F85A" bold="true" box="[189,268,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 7.</emphasis>
Head views of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2741B520FE44F80A33E1F85A" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[457,748,1928,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2741B520FE44F80A33E1F85A" box="[457,748,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72741B520FD79F80A325DF85A" box="[756,848,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in life. 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2741B520FC23F80A32EBF85A" bold="true" box="[942,998,1928,1954]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A–C</emphasis>
. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2741B520FF30F82931FFF83D" bold="true" box="[189,242,1963,1989]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">D–F</emphasis>
. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). Photograph credits: A–C = H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade; D–F= Danilo Medina.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2740B521FF30FC2330FCFC26" blockId="13.[189,1398,929,991]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
The female 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2740B521FEC4FC2330A3FC43" box="[329,430,929,955]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
has two cervical vertebrae, 155 trunk vertebrae and 30 caudal vertebrae, and lacks pelvic remnants (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2740B521FE0AFC4630EEFC26" box="[391,483,964,990]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[215,1377,1256,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-354@13.[189,1398,1230,1889]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Fig. 8. X-ray images of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). B. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2740B521FF30FB873049FBE7" blockId="13.[189,324,1029,1055]" box="[189,324,1029,1055]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="D0F681E22740B521FF30FB873049FBE7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1029,1055]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2740B521FF30FB873049FBE7" bold="true" box="[189,324,1029,1055]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coloration</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2740B522FF30FBB6347DFE2E" blockId="13.[188,1400,1076,1173]" lastBlockId="14.[189,1399,265,471]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">The two known specimens largely agree in coloration patterns. Head background coloration light brown dorsally and laterally, dark brown pigmentation dispersed through the center of the head, coalescing outwards from suture of internasals, prefrontals, and frontal; rostral, supralabials, nasals and preocular with light brown background coloration, and diffuse dark pigmentation on scale edges; conspicuous postocular dark brown stripe, covering upper and middle postoculars, temporals, and dorsals; dark brown pigmentation on edges of infralabials, and into chinshields and gulars; dorsal background coloration light brown or light orange, with ocellar black blotches (mostly confined to the edges of dorsals), coalescing outwards from dorsoventral region and ventral blotches; ventral background coloration uniformly cream in preserved specimens, and uniformly orange in life, with 16–20 ventral ocelli-shaped black blotches.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062740B521FF30F80A30BDF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501341" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501341/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" startId="13.[189,233,1928,1954]" targetBox="[215,1377,1256,1877]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2740B521FF30F80A30BDF810" blockId="13.[188,1399,1928,2024]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2740B521FF30F80A3000F85A" bold="true" box="[189,269,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 8.</emphasis>
X-ray images of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2740B521FE6BF80A3203F85A" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[486,782,1928,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2740B521FE6BF80A3203F85A" box="[486,782,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72740B521FC9BF80A3279F85A" box="[790,884,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2740B521FCF3F80A329FF85A" bold="true" box="[894,914,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
. ♂, holotype (DHMECN 16725). 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2740B521FAB9F80A3445F85A" bold="true" box="[1332,1352,1928,1954]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
. ♀, paratype (DHMECN 15893). The red arrow shows the pelvic remnants of the male specimen, which are absent in the female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30FE7C3341FDE0" blockId="14.[189,588,510,536]" box="[189,588,510,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2743B522FF30FE7C30B1FDE0" bold="true" box="[189,444,510,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Cranial morphology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2743B522FE41FE7C334EFDE0" box="[460,579,510,536]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStart-3="Fig" captionStart-4="Fig" captionStartId-0="16.[190,232,1787,1813]" captionStartId-1="17.[187,231,1786,1812]" captionStartId-2="18.[189,231,1750,1776]" captionStartId-3="19.[189,233,1716,1742]" captionStartId-4="21.[191,234,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetBox-2="[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetBox-3="[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetBox-4="[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetId-0="figure-239@16.[189,1398,957,1747]" captionTargetId-1="figure-254@17.[189,1398,743,1747]" captionTargetId-2="figure-257@18.[189,1398,1097,1710]" captionTargetId-3="figure-317@19.[189,1398,887,1675]" captionTargetId-4="figure-195@21.[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetPageId-0="16" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionTargetPageId-2="18" captionTargetPageId-3="19" captionTargetPageId-4="21" captionText-0="Fig. 9.Micro-CT images of the dorsal view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-1="Fig. 10. Micro-CT images of the anterior view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored for better visualization.Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; ECP = ectopterygoid; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; SP = splenial; ST = supratemporal." captionText-2="Fig. 11.Micro-CT images of the lateral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; COL = columella; CPS = conchal process of septomaxilla; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal." captionText-3="Fig. 12. Micro-CT images of the ventral view of the skulls of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype),T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype),T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae, and right palatine, pterygoid, ectopterygoid and quadrate are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; CHP = choanal process of palatine; COL = columella; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid rostrum; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; ST = supratemporal; V = vomer." captionText-4="Fig. 13. Micro-CT images of the right mandibula of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727) in lateral, medial, dorsal, and ventral views (from top to bottom). Different bones are digitally colored for better visualization. Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; DPD = dorsal process of dentary; PCR = prearticular crest of compound bone; RP = retroarticular process of compound bone; SAC = surangular crest of compound bone; SP = splenial; VPD = ventral process of dentary." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501347" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501349" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501351" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501353" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501355" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7501347/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7501349/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7501351/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/7501353/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/7501355/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 9–13</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30FDAC3231FBC5" blockId="14.[187,1400,557,1085]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
An overview of interspecific osteological comparisons can be seen in 
<tableCitation id="C68303352743B522FB8BFDAF356DFDBF" box="[1030,1120,557,583]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="15.[189,258,264,290]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Table 1. Osteological comparisons among selected species of Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910. Diagnostic characters of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. are highlighted in bold. Species with confirmed records from the Andes mountain range are indicated with a dagger (†)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7E66062742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" tableUuid="DF7E66062742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Cranial information is mainly based on CT scan data of the 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2743B522FDE4FDD033C3FD94" box="[617,718,594,620]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
DHMECN 15893, an adult female. The skull shows slight damage. The tooth row of the left palatine is missing, the right ectopterygoid and pterygoid are broken and the right quadrate is dislocated. Some information on intraspecific variation is supplemented from CT scan data of the male 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2743B522FEF4FD3F30D2FD2F" box="[377,479,701,727]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(DHMECN 16725). The premaxilla is edentulous, subtriangular in frontal view, 2.5 (DHMECN 15893) to 2.8 (DHMECN 16725) times as broad as high, with a short, dorsally oriented ascending process; ascending process almost contacting anterior end of nasals; transverse processes are laterally oriented, 1.3 (DHMECN 16725) to 1.7 (DHMECN 15893) times as long as ascending process, define widest part of premaxilla, entirely visible in dorsal view, posteriorly contact (DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725) anteriormost tips of septomaxillae, laterally approach maxillae but remain distinctly separated from them; in ventral view, the posteriorly oriented vomerine process is bifurcate with slightly posterolaterally diverging arms (DHMECN 16725), or tripartite with parallel arms, laterally longer and wider, with rounded ends, and a short and narrower, thumb-like, median arm (DHMECN 15893), lateral arms of each specimen distinctly overlapping anterior part of vomers; ventral surface of premaxilla pierced by two foramina in anterior region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30FBE735A4FAF6" blockId="14.[189,1400,1125,1295]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Nasals are paired, in contact medially, each with an elongate triangular dorsal lamina, which is 3.4 (DHMECN 15893) to 4 (DHMECN 16725) times as long as wide, with a pointed anterior tip and a broadened caudal end, which is laterally slightly overlapped by medial process of prefrontal; posteroventral process of nasal contacts or not anteroventral part of frontal; vertical lamina of nasal contacts medial edge of septomaxilla; nasals are approximately half as broad as septomaxillae and frontals.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30FAB43232F9DF" blockId="14.[188,1399,1334,1576]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Septomaxillae are paired and slightly separated, 1.6 (DHMECN 16725) to 1.9 (DHMECN 15893) times as long as wide, each with a broad ascending conchal process that extends freely anterolaterally beyond lateral margins of nasals but does not reach level of lateral nasal edge; anterior end of septomaxilla touches (DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725) lateral process of premaxilla; posterior end remains distinctly separated from anterior end of frontal; ventrally, septomaxilla is connected to vomer; dorsally, connected to vertical lamina of nasal along its entire length, with caudal end being squared off and fitting into a notch in ventral edge of vertical lamina of nasal.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30F9D2341FF901" blockId="14.[189,1399,1615,1785]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Vomers are paired, complex structures, about three times as long as wide, medially in contact and with anterior region diverging; body of vomer with globular mesoventral portion with an anteriorly oriented opening; anteriorly broad contact zone with dorsal surface of vomerine process of premaxilla; dorsally connected to septomaxilla in anterior and central region; vertical lamina of caudal end of vomer is unforked and dorsolaterally in firm contact with anterior region of choanal process of palatine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B522FF30F8A33508F8C3" blockId="14.[189,1029,1825,1851]" box="[189,1029,1825,1851]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">The braincase accounts for approximately 70% of the total skull length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2743B53CFF30F8E13261FEBE" blockId="14.[187,1398,1891,2025]" lastBlockId="16.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Prefrontals form anterior margin of orbits; orbital lamina is slightly concave and divided into two bones (DHMECN 15893) or not divided (DHMECN 16725), with lacrimal duct enclosed (DHMECN 16725) or not being enclosed by prefrontal but framed dorsally, laterally, and medially by the two bones (DHMECN 15893); in lateral view, anterior process is convexly rounded; in contact with nasal dorsomedially, frontal posterodorsally, maxilla ventrally, and palatine ventromedially; in posterior view, prefrontal exhibits a small process directed medially or slightly anteromedially.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91" ID-Table-UUID="DF7E66062742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7E66062742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[189,258,264,290]" targetBox="[197,1391,403,1935]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2742B523FF30FE8A346FFE91" blockId="15.[189,1399,264,361]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FF30FE8A3012FEDA" bold="true" box="[189,287,264,290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Table 1.</emphasis>
Osteological comparisons among selected species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FC1FFE8A35CCFEDA" authority="Bibron, 1840" authorityName="Bibron" authorityYear="1840" box="[914,1217,264,290]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FC1FFE8A3512FEDA" box="[914,1055,264,290]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tropidophis</emphasis>
Bibron, 1840
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FB75FE8A30E1FEBE" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FB75FE8A3031FEBD" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
. Diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FC91FEA93533FEBD" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[796,1086,299,325]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FC91FEA93533FEBD" box="[796,1086,299,325]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72742B523FBCBFEAE35ADFEBE" box="[1094,1184,300,326]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are highlighted in bold. Species with confirmed records from the Andes mountain range are indicated with a dagger (†).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2742B523FE34FE11304FF877" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<table id="F901C42E27424AD3FF48FE113462F877" box="[197,1391,403,1935]" gridcols="6" gridrows="49" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FE113462FE50" box="[197,1391,403,424]" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FE113366FE50" box="[441,619,403,424]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FE34FE113357FE50" box="[441,602,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFE113221FE50" box="[631,812,403,424]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FDF7FE1133AFFE50" box="[634,674,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tro.</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FE1132E0FE50" box="[827,1005,403,424]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FCB6FE1132C0FE50" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[827,973,403,424]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FCB6FE1132C0FE50" box="[827,973,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tro. melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FE1135A5FE50" box="[1020,1192,403,424]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FC71FE11359FFE50" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[1020,1170,403,424]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FC71FE11359FFE50" box="[1020,1170,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tra. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FE113462FE50" box="[1213,1391,403,424]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FB30FE113447FE50" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[1213,1354,403,424]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FB30FE113447FE50" box="[1213,1354,403,424]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FE323462FE3E" box="[197,1391,432,454]" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FE323366FE3E" box="[441,619,432,454]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72742B523FE34FE323309FE3D" box="[441,516,432,453]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
† (n = 2);
</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFE323221FE3E" box="[631,812,432,454]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2742B523FDF7FE3233F7FE3D" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[634,762,432,453]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FDF7FE3233F7FE3D" box="[634,762,432,453]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
†
</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FE3232E0FE3E" box="[827,1005,432,454]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FE3235A5FE3E" box="[1020,1192,432,454]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FE323462FE3E" box="[1213,1391,432,454]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(n= 1); holotype</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FE4E3462FE1B" box="[197,1391,460,483]" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FE4E3366FE1B" box="[441,619,460,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">holotype,</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFE4E3221FE1B" box="[631,812,460,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">(n = 1); lectotype</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FE683462FE07" box="[197,1391,490,511]" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FE683462FE07" box="[197,1391,490,511]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">paratype</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FD8F3462FDDB" box="[197,1391,525,547]" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FD8F30A7FDDB" box="[197,426,525,547]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Maxillary teeth</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FD8F3366FDDB" box="[441,619,525,547]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">18–21</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFD8F3221FDDB" box="[631,812,525,547]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">21–22</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FD8F32E0FDDB" box="[827,1005,525,547]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">17–18</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FD8F35A5FDDB" box="[1020,1192,525,547]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">17</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FD8F3462FDDB" box="[1213,1391,525,547]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">13–14</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FDB23462FDBE" box="[197,1391,560,582]" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FDB230A7FDBE" box="[197,426,560,582]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Palatine teeth</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FDB23366FDBE" box="[441,619,560,582]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7–9</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFDB23221FDBE" box="[631,812,560,582]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7–8</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FDB232E0FDBE" box="[827,1005,560,582]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FDB235A5FDBE" box="[1020,1192,560,582]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FDB23462FDBE" box="[1213,1391,560,582]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FDD63462FD92" box="[197,1391,596,618]" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FDD630A7FD92" box="[197,426,596,618]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pterygoid teeth</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FDD63366FD92" box="[441,619,596,618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">11–13</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFDD63221FD92" box="[631,812,596,618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">13–14</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FDD632E0FD92" box="[827,1005,596,618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">14</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FDD635A5FD92" box="[1020,1192,596,618]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">20</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FDD63462FD92" box="[1213,1391,596,618]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">10–11</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FDF53462FD75" box="[197,1391,631,653]" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FDF530A7FD75" box="[197,426,631,653]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dentary teeth</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FDF53366FD75" box="[441,619,631,653]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">22–25</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFDF53221FD75" box="[631,812,631,653]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">22–23</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FDF532E0FD75" box="[827,1005,631,653]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">19</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FDF535A5FD75" box="[1020,1192,631,653]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">25–27</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FDF53462FD75" box="[1213,1391,631,653]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">18–20</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FD193462FD49" box="[197,1391,667,689]" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FD1930A7FD49" box="[197,426,667,689]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Coronoid</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FD193366FD49" box="[441,619,667,689]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFD193221FD49" box="[631,812,667,689]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FD1932E0FD49" box="[827,1005,667,689]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FD1935A5FD49" box="[1020,1192,667,689]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FD193462FD49" box="[1213,1391,667,689]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FD3C3462FD2C" box="[197,1391,702,724]" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FD3C30A7FD2C" box="[197,426,702,724]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Prefrontal-Maxilla</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FD3C3366FD2C" box="[441,619,702,724]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FE34FD3C3308FD2B" bold="true" box="[441,517,702,723]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFD3C3221FD2C" box="[631,812,702,724]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FD3C32E0FD2C" box="[827,1005,702,724]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FD3C35A5FD2C" box="[1020,1192,702,724]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FD3C3462FD2C" box="[1213,1391,702,724]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FD5E3462FD09" box="[197,1391,732,753]" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FD5E3462FD09" box="[197,1391,732,753]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">contact</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FD7D3462FCED" box="[197,1391,767,789]" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FD7D30A7FCED" box="[197,426,767,789]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Lateral borders of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FD7D3366FCED" box="[441,619,767,789]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">convex</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFD7D3221FCED" box="[631,812,767,789]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">convex</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FD7D32E0FCED" box="[827,1005,767,789]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">concave</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FD7D35A5FCED" box="[1020,1192,767,789]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">concave</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FD7D3462FCED" box="[1213,1391,767,789]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">slightly convex</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FC9E3462FCCA" box="[197,1391,796,818]" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FC9E3462FCCA" box="[197,1391,796,818]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">frontals in dorsal view</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FCBD3462FCAD" box="[197,1391,831,853]" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FCBD30A7FCAD" box="[197,426,831,853]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distance of parietal</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FCBD3366FCAD" box="[441,619,831,853]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">distinctly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFCBD3221FCAD" box="[631,812,831,853]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">distinctly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FCBD32E0FCAD" box="[827,1005,831,853]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">very close</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FCBD35A5FCAD" box="[1020,1192,831,853]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">very close</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FCBD3462FCAD" box="[1213,1391,831,853]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FCDE3462FC8A" box="[197,1391,860,882]" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FCDE30A7FC8A" box="[197,426,860,882]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">ridges in posterior</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FCDE3366FC8A" box="[441,619,860,882]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">separated</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFCDE3221FC8A" box="[631,812,860,882]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">separated</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FCDE3462FC8A" box="[1213,1391,860,882]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">separated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FCFB3462FC77" box="[197,1391,889,911]" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FCFB3462FC77" box="[197,1391,889,911]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region of parietal</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FC1E3462FC4A" box="[197,1391,924,946]" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FC1E30A7FC4A" box="[197,426,924,946]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Suture of parietal and</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FC1E3366FC4A" box="[441,619,924,946]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">slightly curved</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFC1E3221FC4A" box="[631,812,924,946]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">slightly curved</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FC1E32E0FC4A" box="[827,1005,924,946]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V-shaped</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FC1E35A5FC4A" box="[1020,1192,924,946]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">strongly curved</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FC1E3462FC4A" box="[1213,1391,924,946]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FC3B3462FC37" box="[197,1391,953,975]" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FC3B30A7FC37" box="[197,426,953,975]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">supraoccipital</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FC3B3462FC37" box="[1213,1391,953,975]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">curved</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FC5F3462FC0B" box="[197,1391,989,1011]" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FC5F30A7FC0B" box="[197,426,989,1011]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Suture of supraoccipital</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FC5F3366FC0B" box="[441,619,989,1011]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">broadly V-shaped</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFC5F3221FC0B" box="[631,812,989,1011]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V-shaped</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FC5F32E0FC0B" box="[827,1005,989,1011]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">almost straight</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FC5F35A5FC0B" box="[1020,1192,989,1011]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">broadly V-shaped</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FC5F3462FC0B" box="[1213,1391,989,1011]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">V-shaped</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FC7B3462FBF7" box="[197,1391,1017,1039]" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FC7B30A7FBF7" box="[197,426,1017,1039]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">and exoccipitals</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FB9F3462FBCB" box="[197,1391,1053,1075]" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FB9F30A7FBCB" box="[197,426,1053,1075]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Lateral ridges of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FB9F3366FBCB" box="[441,619,1053,1075]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">parallel in anterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFB9F3221FBCB" box="[631,812,1053,1075]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">parallel in anterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FB9F32E0FBCB" box="[827,1005,1053,1075]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">parallel in anterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FB9F35A5FBCB" box="[1020,1192,1053,1075]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">meet in anterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FB9F3462FBCB" box="[1213,1391,1053,1075]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">parallel in anterior</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FBB83462FBA8" box="[197,1391,1082,1104]" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FBB830A7FBA8" box="[197,426,1082,1104]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">supraoccipital</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FBB83366FBA8" box="[441,619,1082,1104]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region, diverging</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFBB83221FBA8" box="[631,812,1082,1104]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region, diverging</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FBB832E0FBA8" box="[827,1005,1082,1104]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region, diverging</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FBB835A5FBA8" box="[1020,1192,1082,1104]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region with</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FBB83462FBA8" box="[1213,1391,1082,1104]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">region, diverging</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FBD53462FB95" box="[197,1391,1111,1133]" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FBD53366FB95" box="[441,619,1111,1133]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posteriorly,</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFBD53221FB95" box="[631,812,1111,1133]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posteriorly,</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FBD532E0FB95" box="[827,1005,1111,1133]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posteriorly, very</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FBD535A5FB95" box="[1020,1192,1111,1133]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">medial ridge and</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FBD53462FB95" box="[1213,1391,1111,1133]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posteriorly,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FBF13462FB71" box="[197,1391,1139,1161]" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FBF13366FB71" box="[441,619,1139,1161]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately pro-</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFBF13221FB71" box="[631,812,1139,1161]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately pro-</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FBF132E0FB71" box="[827,1005,1139,1161]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FBF135A5FB71" box="[1020,1192,1139,1161]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">directly diverging</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FBF13462FB71" box="[1213,1391,1139,1161]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
moderately 
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FB123462FB5E" box="[197,1391,1168,1190]" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FB123366FB5E" box="[441,619,1168,1190]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFB123221FB5E" box="[631,812,1168,1190]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">nounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FB1235A5FB5E" box="[1020,1192,1168,1190]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posteriorly, very</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FB123462FB5E" box="[1213,1391,1168,1190]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">nounced</td>
</tr>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FB2F3462FB3B" box="[197,1391,1197,1219]" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FB2F35A5FB3B" box="[1020,1192,1197,1219]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FB4D3462FB1E" box="[197,1391,1231,1254]" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FB4D30A7FB1E" box="[197,426,1231,1254]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Medial ridge of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FB4D3366FB1E" box="[441,619,1231,1254]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">short (⅓ to ½ of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFB4D3221FB1E" box="[631,812,1231,1254]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">short (about ½</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FB4D32E0FB1E" box="[827,1005,1231,1254]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FB4D35A5FB1E" box="[1020,1192,1231,1254]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">as long as</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FB4D3462FB1E" box="[1213,1391,1231,1254]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">short (about ½</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FB6F3462FAFB" box="[197,1391,1261,1283]" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FB6F30A7FAFB" box="[197,426,1261,1283]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">supraoccipital</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FB6F3366FAFB" box="[441,619,1261,1283]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">supraoccipital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFB6F3221FAFB" box="[631,812,1261,1283]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of supraoccipital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FB6F35A5FAFB" box="[1020,1192,1261,1283]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">supraoccipital,</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FB6F3462FAFB" box="[1213,1391,1261,1283]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of supraoccipital</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FA883462FAD8" box="[197,1391,1290,1312]" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FA883366FAD8" box="[441,619,1290,1312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">length), weakly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFA883221FAD8" box="[631,812,1290,1312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">length), weakly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FA8835A5FAD8" box="[1020,1192,1290,1312]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">very pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FA883462FAD8" box="[1213,1391,1290,1312]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">length), weakly</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FAA53462FAC5" box="[197,1391,1319,1341]" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FAA53366FAC5" box="[441,619,1319,1341]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFAA53221FAC5" box="[631,812,1319,1341]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FAA53462FAC5" box="[1213,1391,1319,1341]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FAC83462FA98" box="[197,1391,1354,1376]" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FAC830A7FA98" box="[197,426,1354,1376]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Medial contact of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FAC83366FA98" box="[441,619,1354,1376]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FE34FAC830E1FAA7" bold="true" box="[441,492,1354,1375]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">loose</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFAC83221FA98" box="[631,812,1354,1376]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">firm</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FAC832E0FA98" box="[827,1005,1354,1376]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">firm</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FAC835A5FA98" box="[1020,1192,1354,1376]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">firm</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FAC83462FA98" box="[1213,1391,1354,1376]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">firm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FAE53462FA85" box="[197,1391,1383,1405]" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FAE53462FA85" box="[197,1391,1383,1405]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipitals</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FA093462FA59" box="[197,1391,1419,1441]" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FA0930A7FA59" box="[197,426,1419,1441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dorsal ridges of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FA093366FA59" box="[441,619,1419,1441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFA093221FA59" box="[631,812,1419,1441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FA0932E0FA59" box="[827,1005,1419,1441]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">long, very</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FA0935A5FA59" box="[1020,1192,1419,1441]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">short, very</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FA093462FA59" box="[1213,1391,1419,1441]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">moderately</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FA2A3462FA46" box="[197,1391,1448,1470]" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FA2A30A7FA46" box="[197,426,1448,1470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipitals</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FA2A3366FA46" box="[441,619,1448,1470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFA2A3221FA46" box="[631,812,1448,1470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FA2A32E0FA46" box="[827,1005,1448,1470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FA2A35A5FA46" box="[1020,1192,1448,1470]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FA2A3462FA46" box="[1213,1391,1448,1470]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pronounced</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FA493462FA19" box="[197,1391,1483,1505]" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FA4930A7FA19" box="[197,426,1483,1505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Elongate, perpendicular</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34FA493366FA19" box="[441,619,1483,1505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2742B523FE34FA493308FA18" bold="true" box="[441,517,1483,1504]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAFA493221FA19" box="[631,812,1483,1505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6FA4932E0FA19" box="[827,1005,1483,1505]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71FA4935A5FA19" box="[1020,1192,1483,1505]" gridcol="4" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FA493462FA19" box="[1213,1391,1483,1505]" gridcol="5" gridrow="34" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present only on</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48FA6A3462FA06" box="[197,1391,1512,1534]" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48FA6A30A7FA06" box="[197,426,1512,1534]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">groove at</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30FA6A3462FA06" box="[1213,1391,1512,1534]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">prootic</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9873462F9E3" box="[197,1391,1541,1563]" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F9873462F9E3" box="[197,1391,1541,1563]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Basisphenoid-Prootic</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9A03462F9CF" box="[197,1391,1570,1591]" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F9A03462F9CF" box="[197,1391,1570,1591]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="37" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">suture</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9C73462F9A3" box="[197,1391,1605,1627]" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F9C730A7F9A3" box="[197,426,1605,1627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Level of caudal</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F9C73366F9A3" box="[441,619,1605,1627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">at posterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF9C73221F9A3" box="[631,812,1605,1627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">at posterior</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F9C732E0F9A3" box="[827,1005,1605,1627]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">at anterior margin</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F9C735A5F9A3" box="[1020,1192,1605,1627]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">at anterior margin</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F9C73462F9A3" box="[1213,1391,1605,1627]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">distinctly anterior</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9E03462F980" box="[197,1391,1634,1656]" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F9E030A7F980" box="[197,426,1634,1656]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">termination of maxilla</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F9E03366F980" box="[441,619,1634,1656]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">margin of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF9E03221F980" box="[631,812,1634,1656]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">margin of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F9E032E0F980" box="[827,1005,1634,1656]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of postorbital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F9E035A5F980" box="[1020,1192,1634,1656]" gridcol="4" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of postorbital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F9E03462F980" box="[1213,1391,1634,1656]" gridcol="5" gridrow="39" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">to anterior margin</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9FD3462F96D" box="[197,1391,1663,1685]" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F9FD3366F96D" box="[441,619,1663,1685]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">postorbital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF9FD3221F96D" box="[631,812,1663,1685]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">postorbital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F9FD3462F96D" box="[1213,1391,1663,1685]" gridcol="5" gridrow="40" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">of postorbital</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F9203462F940" box="[197,1391,1698,1720]" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F92030A7F940" box="[197,426,1698,1720]" gridcol="0" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Level of caudal</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F9203366F940" box="[441,619,1698,1720]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">shortly before</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF9203221F940" box="[631,812,1698,1720]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">at posterior end of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F92032E0F940" box="[827,1005,1698,1720]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">distinctly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F92035A5F940" box="[1020,1192,1698,1720]" gridcol="4" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">distinctly</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F9203462F940" box="[1213,1391,1698,1720]" gridcol="5" gridrow="41" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">shortly behind</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F93D3462F92D" box="[197,1391,1727,1749]" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F93D30A7F92D" box="[197,426,1727,1749]" gridcol="0" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">termination of</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F93D3366F92D" box="[441,619,1727,1749]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior end of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF93D3221F92D" box="[631,812,1727,1749]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F93D32E0F92D" box="[827,1005,1727,1749]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior to</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F93D35A5F92D" box="[1020,1192,1727,1749]" gridcol="4" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior to</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F93D3462F92D" box="[1213,1391,1727,1749]" gridcol="5" gridrow="42" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior end of</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F95E3462F90A" box="[197,1391,1756,1778]" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F95E30A7F90A" box="[197,426,1756,1778]" gridcol="0" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">pterygoid</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F95E3366F90A" box="[441,619,1756,1778]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F95E32E0F90A" box="[827,1005,1756,1778]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior end of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F95E35A5F90A" box="[1020,1192,1756,1778]" gridcol="4" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">posterior end of</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F95E3462F90A" box="[1213,1391,1756,1778]" gridcol="5" gridrow="43" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipital</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F97B3462F8F7" box="[197,1391,1785,1807]" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F97B32E0F8F7" box="[827,1005,1785,1807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipital</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F97B35A5F8F7" box="[1020,1192,1785,1807]" gridcol="4" gridrow="44" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">exoccipital</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F89E3462F8CA" box="[197,1391,1820,1842]" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F89E30A7F8CA" box="[197,426,1820,1842]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Dentary-Angular</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F89E3366F8CA" box="[441,619,1820,1842]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF89E3221F8CA" box="[631,812,1820,1842]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F89E32E0F8CA" box="[827,1005,1820,1842]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F89E35A5F8CA" box="[1020,1192,1820,1842]" gridcol="4" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F89E3462F8CA" box="[1213,1391,1820,1842]" gridcol="5" gridrow="45" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F8BB3462F8B6" box="[197,1391,1849,1870]" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F8BB3462F8B6" box="[197,1391,1849,1870]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="46" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">contact</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F8DE3462F88A" box="[197,1391,1884,1906]" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F8DE30A7F88A" box="[197,426,1884,1906]" gridcol="0" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Splenial-Compound</th>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FE34F8DE3366F88A" box="[441,619,1884,1906]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FDFAF8DE3221F88A" box="[631,812,1884,1906]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FCB6F8DE32E0F88A" box="[827,1005,1884,1906]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FC71F8DE35A5F88A" box="[1020,1192,1884,1906]" gridcol="4" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB027424AD3FB30F8DE3462F88A" box="[1213,1391,1884,1906]" gridcol="5" gridrow="47" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC27424AD3FF48F8F83462F877" box="[197,1391,1914,1935]" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<th id="76E05DB027424AD3FF48F8F83462F877" box="[197,1391,1914,1935]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="48" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bone contact</th>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275DB53CFF30FEEC3269FCF3" blockId="16.[189,1400,366,779]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Frontals are paired, in close medial contact with a straight suture, about semicircular in dorsal view, 1.9 (DHMECN 15893) to 2 (DHMECN 16725) times as long as wide; forming dorsal and medial margins of orbits, slightly convex in dorsal view; anterior margin slightly (DHMECN 15893) or strongly (DHMECN 16725) convexly curved; anterolateral edge of frontal forms a short, thumb-like process that fits into a facet of prefrontal; both frontals together form a rounded suture with parietal, which seamlessly adapts shape of parietal; ventral edges of orbital laminae of frontals in medial contact along their entire length; anteromedially, frontal has a vertical lamina that is fused ventrally with lateral lamina to form a short tubular structure in anterior region of each frontal, with vertical laminae of both frontals being in close medial contact; frontal anteriorly in contact with nasal or slightly separated from it, anterolaterally in contact with prefrontal, posteriorly with parietal, posterolaterally with postorbital (DHMECN 15893) or remains slightly separated from it (DHMECN 16725), ventrally with parabasisphenoid rostrum, and approaching but not touching choanal process of palatine.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275DB53DFF30FCB03434FDE2" blockId="16.[189,1399,818,879]" lastBlockId="17.[188,1399,265,538]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Parietal is single, about 1.2 (DHMECN 16725) to 1.4 (DHMECN 15893) times as wide as long, with concavely rounded anterior and anterolateral edges, and convexly rounded lateral and posterior edges in dorsal view; dorsal surface is slightly convex except for a slight longitudinal depression along its midline; not participating in formation of orbit; anterolateral edges in broad and seamless contact with postorbitals; in dorsal view, moderately defined dorsolateral ridges extending posteromedially from posterior point of contact with postorbitals to suture with supraoccipital, approaching but not touching each other; laterally, parietal slopes down forming a strongly convex lateral surface; parietal contacts parabasisphenoid ventrally with an oblique straight suture, frontals anteriorly, prootics posterolaterally with a slightly concave curved suture in dorsal view, and supraoccipital posteriorly with a convex curved suture; parietal does not participate in formation of maxillary branch foramen of trigeminal nerve.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E6606275DB53CFF33F97932A6F810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501347" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501347" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501347/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[190,232,1787,1813]" targetBox="[189,1398,957,1747]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275DB53CFF33F97932A6F810" blockId="16.[189,1399,1787,2025]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275DB53CFF33F9793005F8ED" bold="true" box="[190,264,1787,1813]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9.</emphasis>
Micro-CT images of the dorsal view of the skulls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275DB53CFCDFF9793561F8ED" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[850,1132,1787,1813]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275DB53CFCDFF9793561F8ED" box="[850,1132,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275DB53CFBFEF97E35C1F8EE" box="[1139,1228,1788,1814]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275DB53CFE07F89D3238F8C0" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[394,821,1822,1848]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275DB53CFE07F89D3332F8C0" box="[394,575,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858, lectotype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275DB53CFBEAF89D300CF8A4" authority="(Schlegel, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275DB53CFBEAF89D35F6F8C0" box="[1127,1275,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">T. melanurus</emphasis>
(Schlegel, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 65041), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275DB53CFE79F8C33290F8A4" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[500,925,1857,1884]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275DB53CFE79F8C333F8F8A3" box="[500,757,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275CB53EFF30FDC33584FEBF" blockId="17.[189,1399,577,639]" lastBlockId="18.[189,1400,265,327]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Postorbitals are well developed, elongate, downwardly curved, and meet (DHMECN 15893) or remain slightly separated (DHMECN 16725) from ectopterygoids, in lateral view with a concave anterior margin, forming posterolateral edge of orbit; postorbital contacts parietal posterodorsally, and contacts (DHMECN 15893) or approaches frontal anteromedially without touching (DHMECN 16725).</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E6606275CB53DFF36F97832F8F81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501349/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" startId="17.[187,231,1786,1812]" targetBox="[189,1398,743,1747]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275CB53DFF36F97832F8F81F" blockId="17.[187,1399,1786,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275CB53DFF36F9783016F8EC" bold="true" box="[187,283,1786,1812]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
Micro-CT images of the anterior view of the skulls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275CB53DFC4CF97835E7F8EC" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[961,1258,1786,1812]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275CB53DFC4CF97835E7F8EC" box="[961,1258,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275CB53DFB7FF979345FF8ED" box="[1266,1362,1787,1813]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275CB53DFD9CF89C32BBF8CF" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[529,950,1821,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275CB53DFD9CF89C33CEF8CF" box="[529,707,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858, lectotype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275CB53DFB6CF89C3073F8A3" authority="(Schlegel, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275CB53DFB6CF89C3479F8CF" box="[1249,1396,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">T. melanurus</emphasis>
(Schlegel, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 65041), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275CB53DFD0AF8C23531F8A3" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[647,1084,1856,1883]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275CB53DFD0AF8C23283F8A2" box="[647,910,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored for better visualization.Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; ECP = ectopterygoid; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; SO = supraoccipital; SP = splenial; ST = supratemporal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275FB53EFF30FEEC350DFD59" blockId="18.[187,1399,365,674]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Supraoccipital is single, subpentagonal, 1.7 (DHMECN 16725) to 1.9 (DHMECN 15893) times as broad as long, with a slightly concave curved anterior suture with parietal, a broadly V-shaped posterior suture with exoccipitals, and an almost straight suture with prootics laterally; lateral edges of supraoccipital are partially overlapped by supratemporals; two lateral ridges originate at anterior margin of supraoccipital lateral to midline, forming a continuation of ridges of parietal, first running parallel to each other for a short distance and then becoming more pronounced and diverging obliquely until they reach posterolateral corner of supraoccipital; in center of supraoccipital there is a medial ridge of about one third (DHMECN 15893) or half (DHMECN 16725) of length of supraoccipital; internally, lateral edges of supraoccipital extend downward and contribute to dorsomedial walls of otic capsules.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275FB53EFF30FD4B3016FC21" blockId="18.[188,1399,713,985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Exoccipitals are paired, irregularly shaped, dorsally in loose medial contact along a straight suture; each has a moderately pronounced dorsal ridge that continues corresponding lateral ridge of supraoccipital; each exoccipital contacts supraoccipital anterodorsally, prootic anterolaterally, supratemporal dorsolaterally, and basioccipital ventrally; large fenestra ovalis is located at suture of prootic and exoccipital, the latter forming posterior margin of fenestra; exoccipitals form dorsal, lateral, and lateroventral border of foramen magnum, without preventing basioccipital from its participation in foramen magnum; internally, exoccipital contributes to formation of posteroventral, posteromedial, and posterolateral walls of the otic capsule.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E6606275FB53EFF30F95433ABF81F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501351" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501351" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501351/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[189,231,1750,1776]" targetBox="[189,1398,1097,1710]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275FB53EFF30F95433ABF81F" blockId="18.[189,1399,1750,2023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275FB53EFF30F954301EF908" bold="true" box="[189,275,1750,1776]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Fig. 11.</emphasis>
Micro-CT images of the lateral view of the skulls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275FB53EFCDBF9543563F908" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[854,1134,1750,1776]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275FB53EFCDBF9543563F908" box="[854,1134,1750,1776]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275FB53EFBF8F95535C0F909" box="[1141,1229,1751,1777]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275FB53EFE07F9783238F8EC" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[394,821,1786,1812]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275FB53EFE07F9783332F8EC" box="[394,575,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858, lectotype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275FB53EFBEAF978300DF8CF" authority="(Schlegel, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275FB53EFBEAF97835F0F8EC" box="[1127,1277,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">T. melanurus</emphasis>
(Schlegel, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 65041), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275FB53EFE7EF89F3297F8CF" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[499,922,1821,1847]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275FB53EFE7EF89F33FCF8CF" box="[499,753,1821,1847]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; COL = columella; CPS = conchal process of septomaxilla; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; NA = nasal; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SO = supraoccipital; ST = supratemporal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275EB53FFF30FE8B3234FE91" blockId="19.[189,1399,265,362]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Columella has an enlarged ovaloid footplate inserted into foramen ovalis and firmly in contact with prootic anteriorly and with exoccipital posteriorly; long and thin, posterolaterally oriented stylus extends toward inner surface of quadrate but remains separate from it.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275EB53FFF30FE1330B8FD59" blockId="19.[189,1401,401,673]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Prootics are ovaloid in lateral view with an uneven surface, 1.2 (DHMECN 16725) to (DHMECN 15893) 1.4 times as high as long; each has a large anterior and posterior trigeminal foramen separated by laterosphenoid, anterior foramen lying entirely within prootic and not at suture with parietal; each prootic contacts parietal anteriorly and dorsoanteriorly, supraoccipital dorsally, exoccipitals posteriorly, parabasisphenoid complex anteroventrally, basioccipital posteroventrally, and is partially overlapped by supratemporal dorsally; posteriorly, prootic forms anterior margin of fenestra ovalis at suture with exoccipital; internally, prootic contributes to formation of anteroventral, anteromedial and anterolateral walls of otic capsule.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275EB538FF30FD4B30A5FE4B" blockId="19.[189,1399,713,810]" lastBlockId="20.[189,1400,265,435]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Basioccipital is pentagonal and ends posteriorly in a blunt, rounded tip; about 1.2 times as wide as long, with its widest part just posterior to suture of prootic and exoccipital; ventral surface of basioccipital is convex; it contacts parabasisphenoid complex anteriorly with a slightly undulate suture, prootics anterolaterally with an oblique straight suture, exoccipitals posterolaterally with an oblique straight suture, and forms ventral border of foramen magnum posteriorly; it is anteroventrally overlapped by pterygoids (DHMECN 16725) or remains slightly separated from them (DHMECN 15893); a short slit-like depression is absent (DHMECN 16725) or located centrally on anterior margin of basioccipital (DHMECN 15893).</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E6606275EB53FFF30F93630F4F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501353" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501353/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" startId="19.[189,233,1716,1742]" targetBox="[189,1398,887,1675]" targetPageId="19">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275EB53FFF30F93630F4F811" blockId="19.[187,1399,1716,2025]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275EB53FFF30F9363010F937" bold="true" box="[189,285,1716,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
Micro-CT images of the ventral view of the skulls of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275EB53FFC32F93735E4F937" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[959,1257,1717,1743]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275EB53FFC32F93735E4F937" box="[959,1257,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275EB53FFB7CF937345FF937" box="[1265,1362,1717,1743]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275EB53FFD9CF95B32BBF90A" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[529,950,1752,1778]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275EB53FFD9CF95B33CEF90A" box="[529,707,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858, lectotype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275EB53FFB6CF95B3073F8ED" authority="(Schlegel, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275EB53FFB6CF95B3479F90A" box="[1249,1396,1752,1778]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">T. melanurus</emphasis>
(Schlegel, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 65041), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275EB53FFD0AF9793531F8ED" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[647,1084,1787,1814]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275EB53FFD0AF9793283F8ED" box="[647,910,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 98727). Different skull elements are digitally colored and the mandibulae, and right palatine, pterygoid, ectopterygoid and quadrate are removed for better visualization. Abbreviations: BO = basioccipital; BS = basisphenoid; CHP = choanal process of palatine; COL = columella; ECP = ectopterygoid; EXO = exoccipital; F = frontal; MX = maxilla; P = parietal; PAL = palatine; PFR = prefrontal; PMX = premaxilla; PO = postorbital; PRO = prootic; PSP = parasphenoid rostrum; PT = pterygoid; Q = quadrate; SMX = septomaxilla; ST = supratemporal; V = vomer.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2759B538FF30FE583083FCCF" blockId="20.[187,1399,474,823]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Parasphenoid and basisphenoid are fused to form an elongate parabasisphenoid that is about twice as long as wide, with its widest part at contact zone of parietal and prootics; parasphenoid rostrum intervenes ventrally between vertical laminae of frontals and is very narrow and long, with a pointed tip that ends anteriorly well in front of anterior margin of frontals; parasphenoid rostrum laterally contacts (right palatine of DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725, left palatine of DHMECN 15893) choanal process of palatine, and does not contact nasals, vomers or septomaxillae; parasphenoid rostrum exhibits a lateral groove at its base on each side; parabasisphenoid contacts parietal laterally, prootics posterolaterally and basioccipital posteriorly; on each side of basisphenoid at about midpoint of suture with prootic, there is a short elongated groove directed perpendicular to suture, which continues approximately with same length on prootic.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2759B538FF30FCDD33B7FAFB" blockId="20.[187,1400,863,1284]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Maxillae are long, account for 45% (DHMECN 16725) to 46% (DHMECN 15893) of skull length, and are about 8 (DHMECN 15893) to 9.8 (DHMECN 16725) times as long as high, with the highest point located at about the level of the fourth tooth; each extending from level of anterior end of vomer to posterior border of postorbital; posterior half forming major part of lower lateral margin of orbit; anteriorly, slightly curved towards premaxilla; ventral surface of maxilla bears 18‒21 tooth loci; teeth are slightly higher in anterior region, curved, and rear-facing; a moderately long, subrectangular palatine process is located at about mid-region of maxilla at level between 9 
<superScript id="7C749BC62759B538FCE7FBB7327AFBBB" attach="left" box="[874,887,1077,1091]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">th</superScript>
and 12 
<superScript id="7C749BC62759B538FC5CFBB732D3FBBB" attach="left" box="[977,990,1077,1091]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">th</superScript>
tooth, facing posteromedially and slightly curved in ventral direction; a short, knob-like medially oriented ectopterygoid process is located at level of the penultimate and antepenultimate teeth, slightly anterior to anterior tip of medial process of ectopterygoid; each maxilla contacts prefrontal dorsally at two locations both just anterior to and at level of palatine process, maxillary process of palatine dorsomedially by means of palatine process, and lateral process of ectopterygoid posteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2759B538FF30FAA93090F9B8" blockId="20.[189,1401,1323,1600]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ectopterygoids are elongate, 5.5 (DHMECN 16725) to 5.6 (DHMECN 15893) times as long as wide, with widest point at level of medial process, approximately axe-shaped in dorsal view; lateral and medial processes are almost indistinguishable, posterior process is long, very narrow, and rod-shaped; in dorsal view, only anterior region of ectopterygoid is visible; each ectopterygoid contacts dorsoposterior end of maxilla with its lateral process, dorsal surface of middle region of pterygoid with posterior half (DHMECN 15893) or one-third (DHMECN 16725) of its posterior process, and it touches (DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725) ventral end of postorbital with its lateral process at level of contact point with maxilla.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2759B538FF30F9EA308FF810" blockId="20.[187,1399,1640,2025]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
Palatines are robust, almost straight in ventral view, and account for just under one-third of skull length, each has a moderately long, posterolaterally oriented maxillary process, located about mid-length at level of 5 
<superScript id="7C749BC62759B538FF60F92D31F7F945" attach="left" box="[237,250,1711,1725]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 15893) or 6 
<superScript id="7C749BC62759B538FD92F92D3321F945" attach="left" box="[543,556,1711,1725]" fontSize="6" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 16725) tooth, and a very large and broad choanal process, extending from about level of maxillary process to posterior end of palatine; choanal processes of both palatines approach each other to a very short distance; ventral surface with 7‒9 tooth loci; teeth about similar in size, curved, and rear-facing; maxillary process contacts (DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725) palatine process of maxilla ventrally and touches prefrontal dorsally; choanal process contacts posterior region of vomer medially at its anterior region, and touches (right palatine of DHMECN 15893) or not (DHMECN 16725, left palatine of DHMECN 15893) parasphenoid rostrum dorsally; posteriorly, palatine contacts anterior region of pterygoid; in dorsal view, maxillary processes are the only visible part of palatines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2758B539FF30FE8B35EDFD98" blockId="21.[187,1400,265,608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
Pterygoids are elongate, and account for about 60% of skull length; ventral surface bears 11–13 tooth loci; teeth subequal, slightly decreasing in size posteriorly, curved, and rear-facing; each pterygoid is narrowed in anterior part up to level of 8 
<superScript id="7C749BC62758B539FD00FECD3397FEA5" attach="left" box="[653,666,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">th</superScript>
to 11 
<superScript id="7C749BC62758B539FD54FECD33EBFEA5" attach="left" box="[729,742,335,349]" fontSize="6" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">th</superScript>
tooth and then broadens abruptly at level of contact zone with ectopterygoid, about last quarter tapers sharply and is posterolaterally oriented; anterior region is dorsally overlain by posterior portion of palatine; pterygoids are slightly (DHMECN 16725) or moderately (DHMECN 15893) curved along tooth line, and have the greatest distance from each other at their posterior ends; posterior end of pterygoid approaches medially ventromedial process of quadrate without touching it; apart from palatine and ectopterygoid, pterygoid touches basioccipital (DHMECN 16725) or remains separated from it (DHMECN 15893); dorsal surface behind tooth line is concavely curved; in dorsal view, pterygoids are hardly visible, being mainly covered by roofing skull bones.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2758B53AFF30FD0532E9FE48" blockId="21.[187,1399,647,709]" lastBlockId="22.[187,1398,265,432]" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Supratemporals are laminar, elongate, and broad, about 2.3 (DHMECN 15893) to 2.6 (DHMECN 16725) times as long as wide, and exhibit their greatest width at about level of contact zone of prootic and exoccipital; anterior half of each supratemporal overlaps and firmly attaches to prootic, ending well before suture of prootic with parietal; anterior portion of posterior half overlies anterolateral portion of exoccipital, while most of posterior half extends freely and surpasses exoccipital and quadrate posteriorly, forming caudal margin of skull; supratemporal overlaps supraoccipital medially and approaches quadrate with its posterolateral surface, but remains slightly separated from it.</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062758B539FF32F97935F6F810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501355/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" startId="21.[191,234,1787,1813]" targetBox="[189,1398,785,1748]" targetPageId="21">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2758B539FF32F97935F6F810" blockId="21.[187,1399,1787,2025]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2758B539FF32F9793010F8ED" bold="true" box="[191,285,1787,1813]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Fig. 13.</emphasis>
Micro-CT images of the right mandibula of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2758B539FCBBF9793557F8ED" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[822,1114,1787,1813]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2758B539FCBBF9793557F8ED" box="[822,1114,1787,1813]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72758B539FBEFF97E35CCF8EE" box="[1122,1217,1788,1814]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2758B539FE07F89D3238F8C0" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[394,821,1822,1848]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2758B539FE07F89D3332F8C0" box="[394,575,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858, lectotype), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2758B539FBEAF89D300CF8A4" authority="(Schlegel, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Schlegel" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2758B539FBEAF89D35F6F8C0" box="[1127,1275,1822,1848]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">T. melanurus</emphasis>
(Schlegel, 1837)
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 65041), and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2758B539FE79F8C33291F8A4" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[500,924,1857,1884]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2758B539FE79F8C333F9F8A3" box="[500,756,1857,1883]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
(ZFMK 98727) in lateral, medial, dorsal, and ventral views (from top to bottom). Different bones are digitally colored for better visualization. Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; DPD = dorsal process of dentary; PCR = prearticular crest of compound bone; RP = retroarticular process of compound bone; SAC = surangular crest of compound bone; SP = splenial; VPD = ventral process of dentary.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30FE5A3512FDA4" blockId="22.[189,1399,472,605]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Quadrates are flattened and broad dorsally, about 1.4 times as high as long, oriented vertically and obliquely from anterodorsal to posteroventral, and tapering dorsoventrally in lateral view; no short process is visible in medial part; ventral part is slightly bifurcated and spans glenoid cavity of retroarticular process of compound bone; quadrate does not exceed posterior limit of skull roof.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30FD063478FD39" blockId="22.[189,1398,644,706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Each mandible consists of dentary, splenial, angular, compound bone, and a tiny coronoid; in dorsal view, it is almost completely straight, except for anterior third of dentary, which is curved medially (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B275BB53AFA9DFD25346AFD39" box="[1296,1383,679,705]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="21.[191,234,1787,1813]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-195@21.[189,1398,785,1748]" captionTargetPageId="21" captionText="Fig. 13. Micro-CT images of the right mandibula of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov., ♀ (DHMECN 15893, paratype), T. taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858, lectotype), T. melanurus (Schlegel, 1837) (ZFMK 65041), and Trachyboa boulengeri Peracca, 1910 (ZFMK 98727) in lateral, medial, dorsal, and ventral views (from top to bottom). Different bones are digitally colored for better visualization. Abbreviations: AN = angular; CO = coronoid; CP = compound bone; D = dentary; DPD = dorsal process of dentary; PCR = prearticular crest of compound bone; RP = retroarticular process of compound bone; SAC = surangular crest of compound bone; SP = splenial; VPD = ventral process of dentary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501355/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30FD6B332DFBB9" blockId="22.[187,1400,745,1090]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Dentaries are elongate, account for about 55% of lengths of mandibula; dorsal surface of each dentary bears 22‒25 tooth loci; teeth are subequal, curved, rear-facing, and slightly decreasing in size posteriorly; elongate mental foramen is located at about level of 9 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFCB6FCAD3245FCC5" attach="left" box="[827,840,815,829]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
or 10 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFC02FCAD3291FCC5" attach="left" box="[911,924,815,829]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
tooth; at about level of 13 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFB55FCAD35E8FCC5" attach="left" box="[1240,1253,815,829]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 15893) or 15 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFEDDFCD03050FC98" attach="left" box="[336,349,850,864]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 16725) tooth, dentary branches into a long, slender, toothed dorsal process that overlies compound bone and contacts or not coronoid medially, and a ventromedial process about half as long or even shorter that is in contact with splenial for almost its entire length, and loosely connected to anterior portion of compound bone; at level of 16 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFD71FC3F3204FC33" attach="left" box="[764,777,957,971]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 15893) or 19 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFBB8FC3F354FFC33" attach="left" box="[1077,1090,957,971]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 16725) tooth, dorsal process branches again into a tiny knob-like medial process and a much longer tooth-bearing dorsal process; inner surface bears a long groove in extension to depression for splenial, which extends anteriorly to level of 2 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFE4EFBA530D9FBCD" attach="left" box="[451,468,1063,1077]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">nd</superScript>
tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30FBEB30CDFB16" blockId="22.[189,1401,1129,1262]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Coronoids are tiny, elongate, about 4.5 times as long as high, and by far the smallest bones of the mandibles; each contacts dentary anteriorly and dorsolaterally or remains slightly separated from dentary, compound bone laterally, and angular ventrally (DHMECN 16725) or remains slightly separated from it (DHMECN 15893).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30FA9733CAFA18" blockId="22.[189,1400,1301,1504]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Splenials are elongate, triangular, tapering anteriorly to a sharp tip, 1.6 (DHMECN 16725; due to posterior dorsal extension) or 5.5 (DHMECN 15893) times as long as high, with (DHMECN 16725) or without (DHMECN 15893) a dorsal extension at posterior end; anterior mylohyoid foramen is present in posterior region; each extends medially along dentary between 10 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFCDDFAFC3250FA74" attach="left" box="[848,861,1406,1420]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
and 17 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFC3EFAFC32CDFA74" attach="left" box="[947,960,1406,1420]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
tooth (DHMECN 15893) or between 13 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFF56FA2031E5FA48" attach="left" box="[219,232,1442,1456]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
and 20 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFECEFA20305DFA48" attach="left" box="[323,336,1442,1456]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
tooth (DHMECN 16725), and posteriorly contacts anterior region of angular, and has a minimal contact point with compound bone.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB53AFF30F9853397F92B" blockId="22.[187,1399,1543,1747]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Angulars are elongate, triangular, tapering posteriorly to a blunt (DHMECN 15893) or pointed (DHMECN 16725) tip, and about twice (DHMECN 16725) or 3 times (DHMECN 15893) as long as high, accounting for 77% (DHMECN 15893) to 80% (DHMECN 16725) of length of splenial; each angular contacts compound bone laterally and dorsally, splenial anteriorly, and touches (DHMECN 16725) or not (DHMECN 15893) coronoid anterodorsally; a posterior mylohyoid foramen is absent (DHMECN 15893) or slightly indicated (DHMECN 16725).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275BB534FF30F9783579FEBE" blockId="22.[187,1399,1786,2025]" lastBlockId="24.[189,1398,265,327]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Compound bones are elongate, about 6.4 times as long as high, and account for about two-thirds of length of mandible; each attaches to dentary at level of 14 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFC88F89F321FF8D3" attach="left" box="[773,786,1821,1835]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 15893) or 16 
<superScript id="7C749BC6275BB53AFBB6F89F3545F8D3" attach="left" box="[1083,1096,1821,1835]" fontSize="6" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
(DHMECN 16725) tooth, and in lateral view its anteriorly tapering rostral end extends between dorsal and ventromedial processes of dentary; medial prearticular crest is prominent, completely visible in lateral view, much higher than surangular crest, the latter not visible in medial view; anteriorly oriented foramen is located at or just behind point where posterior tip of toothed dorsal process of dentary meets compound bone; mandibular fossa is deep, elongate, narrow, dorsolaterally oriented and visible in lateral view; articular part, where it is joined to quadrate, has a deep, saddle-shaped notch; retroarticular process is short, slightly directed medially, and does not extend beyond posterior end of exoccipital in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E6606275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71" ID-Table-UUID="DF7E6606275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7E6606275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" startId="23.[185,254,551,580]" targetBox="[192,1912,687,1732]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="23">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71" blockId="23.[184,1938,551,649]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFF34FDA53016FDBC" bold="true" box="[185,283,551,580]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Table 2.</emphasis>
Morphological comparisons among mainland 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BFCB1FDA53566FDBB" authority="Bibron, 1840" authorityName="Bibron" authorityYear="1840" box="[828,1131,551,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFCB1FDA532C4FDBB" box="[828,969,551,579]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tropidophis</emphasis>
Bibron, 1840
</taxonomicName>
of South America. Diagnostic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BF9FDFDA5369FFDBB" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[1648,1938,551,579]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BF9FDFDA5369FFDBB" box="[1648,1938,551,579]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275AB53BFF35FDC83019FD9E" box="[184,276,586,614]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are highlighted in bold. Supporting data from 
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F275AB53BFCB3FDC83518FD9E" author="Curcio F. F. &amp; Sales Nunes P. M. &amp; Argolo A. J. S. &amp; Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T." box="[830,1045,586,614]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Curcio" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Monographs" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="80 - 121" part="26" refId="ref17832" refString="Curcio F. F., Sales Nunes P. M., Argolo A. J. S., Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T. 2012. Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs 26 (1): 80 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 10 - 00008.1" title="Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae)" type="journal article" year="2012">
Curcio 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFC1AFDC832DFFD9E" box="[919,978,586,614]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
are indicated with an asterisk (*). Species with confirmed records from the Andes mountain range are indicated with a dagger (†).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E275AB53BFE28FD2D359DF93C" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<table id="F901C42E275A4AD3FF4DFD2D3675F93C" box="[192,1912,687,1732]" gridcols="7" gridrows="31" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFD2D3675FD3E" box="[192,1912,687,710]" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FD2D33BBFD3E" box="[421,694,687,710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BFE28FD2D334BFD3E" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[421,582,687,710]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FD2D334BFD3E" box="[421,582,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E7275AB53BFDC1FD2D339AFD3E" box="[588,663,687,710]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
†
</th>
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FD2D3292FD3E" box="[714,927,687,710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFD47FD2D325BFD3E" box="[714,854,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFD2D3595FD3E" box="[947,1176,687,710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFC3EFD2D3552FD3E" box="[947,1119,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. taczanowksyi</emphasis>
* †
</th>
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FD2D347BFD3E" box="[1197,1398,687,710]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BFB20FD2D343FFD3E" authority="Tro." authorityName="Tro." box="[1197,1330,687,710]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grapiuna">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFB20FD2D343FFD3E" box="[1197,1330,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. grapiuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</th>
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FD2D3782FD3E" box="[1423,1679,687,710]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BFA02FD2D3732FD3E" authority="Tro." authorityName="Tro." baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[1423,1599,687,710]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFA02FD2D3732FD3E" box="[1423,1599,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</th>
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFD2D3675FD3E" box="[1698,1912,687,710]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D275AB53BF92FFD2D3624FD3E" authority="Dorsals" authorityName="Dorsals" box="[1698,1833,687,710]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="preciosus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BF92FFD2D3624FD3E" box="[1698,1833,687,710]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Tro. preciosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
*
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFD553675FD17" box="[192,1912,727,751]" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFD55309FFD17" box="[192,402,727,751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dorsals</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FD5533BBFD17" box="[421,694,727,751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FD5530F7FD17" bold="true" box="[421,506,727,751]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/22/17</emphasis>
(n = 1) or
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FD553292FD17" box="[714,927,727,751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">21/23/17 (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFD553595FD17" box="[947,1176,727,751]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/23/21 (n = 7),</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FD55347BFD17" box="[1197,1398,727,751]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/23/19 (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FD553782FD17" box="[1423,1679,727,751]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">16/21/15 (n = 1), 21/21/15</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFD553675FD17" box="[1698,1912,727,751]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/23/17 (n = 1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFD763675FCF4" box="[192,1912,756,780]" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FD7633BBFCF4" box="[421,694,756,780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FD7630F7FCF4" bold="true" box="[421,506,756,780]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">22/23/17</emphasis>
(n = 1)
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFD763595FCF4" box="[947,1176,756,780]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">25/23/21 (n = 4), or</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FD763782FCF4" box="[1423,1679,756,780]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">(n = 12), 21/21/16 (n = 3),</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFC923675FCDF" box="[192,1912,784,807]" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFC923595FCDF" box="[947,1176,784,807]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/23/19 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FC923782FCDF" box="[1423,1679,784,807]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">21/21/17 (n = 2), 21/23/17</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFCAF3675FCBC" box="[192,1912,813,836]" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FCAF3782FCBC" box="[1423,1679,813,836]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">(n = 2), 23/23/16 (n =</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFCC83675FC99" box="[192,1912,842,865]" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FCC83782FC99" box="[1423,1679,842,865]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2), 23/23/17 (n = 14),</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFCE53675FC86" box="[192,1912,871,894]" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FCE53782FC86" box="[1423,1679,871,894]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23/23/18 (n = 1), 23/23/19</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFC063675FC63" box="[192,1912,900,923]" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FC063782FC63" box="[1423,1679,900,923]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">(n = 3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFC283675FC3A" box="[192,1912,938,962]" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFC28309FFC3A" box="[192,402,938,962]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Keels</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FC2833BBFC3A" box="[421,694,938,962]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FC2833BBFC3A" bold="true" box="[421,694,938,962]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, small or indistinct</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FC283292FC3A" box="[714,927,938,962]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFC283595FC3A" box="[947,1176,938,962]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, conspicuous</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FC28347BFC3A" box="[1197,1398,938,962]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FC283782FC3A" box="[1423,1679,938,962]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent or indistinct</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFC283675FC3A" box="[1698,1912,938,962]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFC503675FC11" box="[192,1912,978,1001]" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFC50309FFC11" box="[192,402,978,1001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ventrals</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FC5033BBFC11" box="[421,694,978,1001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">162 (♂) (n = 1);</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FC503292FC11" box="[714,927,978,1001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">200 (♂) (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFC503595FC11" box="[947,1176,978,1001]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">148–160 (♂) (n = 4);</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FC50347BFC11" box="[1197,1398,978,1001]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">154–155 (♀) (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FC503782FC11" box="[1423,1679,978,1001]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">164–178 (♂) (n = 20);</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFC503675FC11" box="[1698,1912,978,1001]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">196–203 (♀) (n = 2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFC6D3675FBFE" box="[192,1912,1007,1030]" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FC6D33BBFBFE" box="[421,694,1007,1030]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">156 (♀) (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFC6D3595FBFE" box="[947,1176,1007,1030]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">146–156 (♀) (n = 9)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FC6D3782FBFE" box="[1423,1679,1007,1030]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">167–183 (♀) (n = 30)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFB943675FBD5" box="[192,1912,1046,1069]" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFB94309FFBD5" box="[192,402,1046,1069]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Rostral scale</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FB9433BBFBD5" box="[421,694,1046,1069]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FB943292FBD5" box="[714,927,1046,1069]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFB943595FBD5" box="[947,1176,1046,1069]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FB94347BFBD5" box="[1197,1398,1046,1069]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FB943782FBD5" box="[1423,1679,1046,1069]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFB943675FBD5" box="[1698,1912,1046,1069]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, entire</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFBBC3675FBAE" box="[192,1912,1086,1110]" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFBBC309FFBAE" box="[192,402,1086,1110]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Temporals</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FBBC33BBFBAE" box="[421,694,1086,1110]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FBBC30F0FBAE" bold="true" box="[421,509,1086,1110]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3 + 4 + 3</emphasis>
(n = 1) or
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FBBC3292FBAE" box="[714,927,1086,1110]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">3 + 4 (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFBBC3595FBAE" box="[947,1176,1086,1110]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 + 3 (n = 13)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FBBC347BFBAE" box="[1197,1398,1086,1110]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 + 3 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FBBC3782FBAE" box="[1423,1679,1086,1110]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 + 3 (n = 8)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFBBC3675FBAE" box="[1698,1912,1086,1110]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 + 3 (n = 2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFBD83675FB8A" box="[192,1912,1114,1138]" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FBD833BBFB8A" box="[421,694,1114,1138]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FBD830F0FB8A" bold="true" box="[421,509,1114,1138]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 + 3 + 3</emphasis>
(n = 1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFB003675FB61" box="[192,1912,1154,1177]" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFB00309FFB61" box="[192,402,1154,1177]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Subcaudals</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FB0033BBFB61" box="[421,694,1154,1177]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">33 (♂) (n = 1);</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FB003292FB61" box="[714,927,1154,1177]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">41 (♂) (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFB003595FB61" box="[947,1176,1154,1177]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">25–33 (♂) (n = 9);</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FB00347BFB61" box="[1197,1398,1154,1177]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">26–30 (♀) (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FB003782FB61" box="[1423,1679,1154,1177]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">29–38 (♂) (n = 19); 30–37</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFB003675FB61" box="[1698,1912,1154,1177]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">27 (♀) (n = 1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFB1D3675FB4E" box="[192,1912,1183,1206]" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FB1D33BBFB4E" box="[421,694,1183,1206]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">30 (♀) (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFB1D3595FB4E" box="[947,1176,1183,1206]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">23–27 (♀) (n = 4)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FB1D3782FB4E" box="[1423,1679,1183,1206]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">(♀) (n = 29)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFB443675FB25" box="[192,1912,1222,1245]" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFB44309FFB25" box="[192,402,1222,1245]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Supralabials</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FB4433BBFB25" box="[421,694,1222,1245]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–10 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FB443292FB25" box="[714,927,1222,1245]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11 (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFB443595FB25" box="[947,1176,1222,1245]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–11 (n = 13)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FB44347BFB25" box="[1197,1398,1222,1245]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">10–11 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FB443782FB25" box="[1423,1679,1222,1245]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–10 (n = 12)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFB443675FB25" box="[1698,1912,1222,1245]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9–10 (n = 1)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFB6F3675FAFC" box="[192,1912,1261,1284]" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFB6F309FFAFC" box="[192,402,1261,1284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Infralabials</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FB6F33BBFAFC" box="[421,694,1261,1284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9–10 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FB6F3292FAFC" box="[714,927,1261,1284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11 (n = 1)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFB6F3595FAFC" box="[947,1176,1261,1284]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">9–11 (n = 13)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FB6F347BFAFC" box="[1197,1398,1261,1284]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11–12 (n = 2)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FB6F3782FAFC" box="[1423,1679,1261,1284]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">8–11 (n = 12)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFB6F3675FAFC" box="[1698,1912,1261,1284]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">11–12 (n = 2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFA963675FAD4" box="[192,1912,1300,1324]" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFA96309FFAD4" box="[192,402,1300,1324]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dorsal pattern</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FA9633BBFAD4" box="[421,694,1300,1324]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FA963382FAD4" bold="true" box="[421,655,1300,1324]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">uniformly light brown,</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FA963292FAD4" box="[714,927,1300,1324]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">large dark brown</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFA963595FAD4" box="[947,1176,1300,1324]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">striped-spotted, lateral</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FA96347BFAD4" box="[1197,1398,1300,1324]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">small dark brown</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FA963782FAD4" box="[1423,1679,1300,1324]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">small dark brown spots</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFA963675FAD4" box="[1698,1912,1300,1324]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">irregular dark brown</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFAB33675FAB1" box="[192,1912,1329,1353]" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FAB333BBFAB1" box="[421,694,1329,1353]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FAB333A5FAB1" bold="true" box="[421,680,1329,1353]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">small diffuse brown spots</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FAB33292FAB1" box="[714,927,1329,1353]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">spots over a light gray</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFAB33595FAB1" box="[947,1176,1329,1353]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">orange stripes over a</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FAB3347BFAB1" box="[1197,1398,1329,1353]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">spots over a dark</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FAB33782FAB1" box="[1423,1679,1329,1353]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">over a dark brown</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFAB33675FAB1" box="[1698,1912,1329,1353]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">blotches over a dark</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFACC3675FA9D" box="[192,1912,1358,1381]" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FACC3292FA9D" box="[714,927,1358,1381]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">background</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFACC3595FA9D" box="[947,1176,1358,1381]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">dark brown background</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FACC347BFA9D" box="[1197,1398,1358,1381]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">brown background</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FACC3782FA9D" box="[1423,1679,1358,1381]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">background, vertebral</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFACC3675FA9D" box="[1698,1912,1358,1381]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">brown background</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFAE93675FA7A" box="[192,1912,1387,1410]" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FAE93782FA7A" box="[1423,1679,1387,1410]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">light brown stripe</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFA103675FA52" box="[192,1912,1426,1450]" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFA10309FFA52" box="[192,402,1426,1450]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ventral pattern</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FA1033BBFA52" box="[421,694,1426,1450]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FA1033BDFA52" bold="true" box="[421,688,1426,1450]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">large black blotches on an</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FA103292FA52" box="[714,927,1426,1450]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">alternating black</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFA103595FA52" box="[947,1176,1426,1450]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">alternating black</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FA10347BFA52" box="[1197,1398,1426,1450]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">alternating black</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FA103782FA52" box="[1423,1679,1426,1450]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">large black elliptical</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFA103675FA52" box="[1698,1912,1426,1450]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">alternating large black</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFA2D3675FA3F" box="[192,1912,1455,1479]" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FA2D33BBFA3F" box="[421,694,1455,1479]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28FA2D3363FA3F" bold="true" box="[421,622,1455,1479]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">orange background</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FA2D3292FA3F" box="[714,927,1455,1479]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">elliptical blotches</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFA2D3595FA3F" box="[947,1176,1455,1479]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">squares on a white</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FA2D347BFA3F" box="[1197,1398,1455,1479]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">elliptical blotches</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FA2D3782FA3F" box="[1423,1679,1455,1479]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">blotches on an orange</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFA2D3675FA3F" box="[1698,1912,1455,1479]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">squares</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFA4E3675FA1B" box="[192,1912,1484,1507]" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-6="1">
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFA4E3595FA1B" box="[947,1176,1484,1507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">background</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FA4E3782FA1B" box="[1423,1679,1484,1507]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">background</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DFA713675F9F2" box="[192,1912,1523,1546]" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DFA71309FF9F2" box="[192,402,1523,1546]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Eyelashes</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28FA7133BBF9F2" box="[421,694,1523,1546]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47FA713292F9F2" box="[714,927,1523,1546]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EFA713595F9F2" box="[947,1176,1523,1546]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20FA71347BF9F2" box="[1197,1398,1523,1546]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02FA713782F9F2" box="[1423,1679,1523,1546]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FFA713675F9F2" box="[1698,1912,1523,1546]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DF9983675F9CA" box="[192,1912,1562,1586]" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DF998309FF9CA" box="[192,402,1562,1586]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Parietal contact</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28F99833BBF9CA" box="[421,694,1562,1586]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28F9983307F9CA" bold="true" box="[421,522,1562,1586]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">in contact</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47F9983292F9CA" box="[714,927,1562,1586]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">separated</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EF9983595F9CA" box="[947,1176,1562,1586]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">usually separated</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20F998347BF9CA" box="[1197,1398,1562,1586]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">separated</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02F9983782F9CA" box="[1423,1679,1562,1586]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">in contact</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FF9983675F9CA" box="[1698,1912,1562,1586]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">in contact</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DF9C33675F9A1" box="[192,1912,1601,1625]" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DF9C3309FF9A1" box="[192,402,1601,1625]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Interparietals</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28F9C333BBF9A1" box="[421,694,1601,1625]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C275AB53BFE28F9C3334CF9A1" bold="true" box="[421,577,1601,1625]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent or small</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47F9C33292F9A1" box="[714,927,1601,1625]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, conspicuous</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EF9C33595F9A1" box="[947,1176,1601,1625]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, conspicuous</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20F9C3347BF9A1" box="[1197,1398,1601,1625]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">present, conspicuous</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02F9C33782F9A1" box="[1423,1679,1601,1625]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">usually absent</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FF9C33675F9A1" box="[1698,1912,1601,1625]" gridcol="6" gridrow="27" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DF9EB3675F978" box="[192,1912,1641,1664]" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DF9EB309FF978" box="[192,402,1641,1664]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Maximum SVL (mm)</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28F9EB33BBF978" box="[421,694,1641,1664]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">320 (♂), 255 (♀)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47F9EB3292F978" box="[714,927,1641,1664]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">299 (♂)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EF9EB3595F978" box="[947,1176,1641,1664]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">335 (♂), 348 (♀)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20F9EB347BF978" box="[1197,1398,1641,1664]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">289 (♀)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02F9EB3782F978" box="[1423,1679,1641,1664]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">336 (♂), 357 (♀)</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FF9EB3675F978" box="[1698,1912,1641,1664]" gridcol="6" gridrow="28" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">449 (♀)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DF9123675F95F" box="[192,1912,1680,1703]" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DF912309FF95F" box="[192,402,1680,1703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Geographic</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FE28F91233BBF95F" box="[421,694,1680,1703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Northeastern Ecuador</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47F9123292F95F" box="[714,927,1680,1703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ecuador, but likely</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EF9123595F95F" box="[947,1176,1680,1703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southeastern Ecuador</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FB20F912347BF95F" box="[1197,1398,1680,1703]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Northeastern Brazil</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FA02F9123782F95F" box="[1423,1679,1680,1703]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southeastern Brazil</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3F92FF9123675F95F" box="[1698,1912,1680,1703]" gridcol="6" gridrow="29" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Southeastern Brazil</td>
</tr>
<tr id="353134CC275A4AD3FF4DF92F3675F93C" box="[192,1912,1709,1732]" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FF4DF92F309FF93C" box="[192,402,1709,1732]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">distribution</th>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FD47F92F3292F93C" box="[714,927,1709,1732]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">from Greater Antilles</td>
<td id="76E05DB0275A4AD3FC3EF92F3595F93C" box="[947,1176,1709,1732]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">and Northeastern Peru.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2755B534FF30FEEF306EFE7F" blockId="24.[189,355,365,391]" box="[189,355,365,391]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="D0F681E22755B534FF30FEEF306EFE7F" bold="true" box="[189,355,365,391]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FF30FEEF306EFE7F" bold="true" box="[189,355,365,391]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Comparisons</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2755B535FF30FE1E341EFD98" blockId="24.[187,1400,412,896]" lastBlockId="25.[188,1400,265,608]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Characteristics from other species are presented in parentheses in this section. Comparisons are restricted to mainland tropidophiid species (sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F2755B534FD03FE3D3268FE21" author="Curcio F. F. &amp; Sales Nunes P. M. &amp; Argolo A. J. S. &amp; Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T." box="[654,869,447,473]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Curcio" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Monographs" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="80 - 121" part="26" refId="ref17832" refString="Curcio F. F., Sales Nunes P. M., Argolo A. J. S., Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T. 2012. Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs 26 (1): 80 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 10 - 00008.1" title="Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae)" type="journal article" year="2012">
Curcio 
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FD68FE423213FE21" box="[741,798,447,473]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
). An overview of morphological comparisons can be seen in 
<tableCitation id="C68303352755B534FEEEFE6030B1FE05" box="[355,444,482,509]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="23.[185,254,551,580]" captionTargetBox="[192,1912,687,1732]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Table 2. Morphological comparisons among mainland Tropidophis Bibron, 1840 of South America. Diagnostic characters of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. are highlighted in bold. Supporting data from Curcio et al. 2012 are indicated with an asterisk (*). Species with confirmed records from the Andes mountain range are indicated with a dagger (†)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7E6606275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" tableUuid="DF7E6606275AB53BFF34FDA53235FD71">Table 2</tableCitation>
. In its geographic range, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FD53FE6032F2FE04" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[734,1023,482,508]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FD53FE6032F2FE04" box="[734,1023,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72755B534FB88FE613552FE05" box="[1029,1119,483,509]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
might only be confused with another andine amerophid, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FDC8FD843571FDD8" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[581,1148,518,544]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FDC8FD843277FDD8" box="[581,890,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2755B534FB03FD843414FDD9" box="[1166,1305,518,545]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="24.[189,233,1964,1990]" captionStartId-1="25.[188,231,1928,1954]" captionStartId-2="26.[189,233,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox-0="[249,1338,1084,1810]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1398,805,1889]" captionTargetBox-2="[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetId-0="figure-261@24.[189,1398,968,1925]" captionTargetId-1="figure-201@25.[189,1398,805,1889]" captionTargetId-2="figure-121@26.[343,1245,572,1890]" captionTargetPageId-0="24" captionTargetPageId-1="25" captionTargetPageId-2="26" captionText-0="Fig. 14. Dorsal view of Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) from Ecuador. Notice its conspicuously keeled dorsal scales and dorsolateral stripes. Photograph credit: Alejandro Arteaga." captionText-1="Fig. 15. Lectotype of Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (NMW 14858) from Tambillo, Peru. Note its conspicuous keeled dorsal scales and striped dorsolateral pattern. Photograph credit: Georg Gassner." captionText-2="Fig. 16. Distinction in dorsal keel character states, well developed in Tropidophis taczanowskyi (Steindachner, 1880) (top, DHMECN 16391), and inconspicuous or absent in Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. (bottom, DHMECN 16725)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501357" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501359" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501361" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7501357/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7501359/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7501361/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs 14–16</figureCitation>
), which occurs in 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2755B534FEBBFDAB3097FDBB" box="[310,410,553,579]" name="Ecuador" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2755B534FE55FDAB331EFDBB" box="[472,531,553,579]" name="Peru" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Peru</collectingCountry>
. Both species share a small-sized and stout body, and similar counts of ventrals, subcaudals, supralabials, and infralabials. However, there are striking differences between these species. The dorsal scales of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FD98FDF233D7FD71" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[533,730,624,649]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FD98FDF233D7FD71" box="[533,730,624,649]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72755B534FD6FFDF23230FD72" box="[738,829,624,650]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
have lower counts for the anterior and posterior rows, ranging from 22/23/17 to 23/22/17 (23/23/21, 23/23/19, 25/23/ 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2755B534FC7DFD103526FD54" box="[1008,1067,658,685]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="21.0">21 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FBB9FD11340BFD54" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1076,1286,658,684]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FBB9FD11340BFD54" box="[1076,1286,658,684]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and are also mostly smooth, with small or indistinct keels (conspicuously keeled in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FBD5FD353422FD28" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1112,1327,694,720]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FBD5FD353422FD28" box="[1112,1327,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new species also has different temporal scale formulae, ranging from 2 + 3 + 3 to 3 + 4 + 3 (2 + 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2755B534FAE4FD5B31D9FCEE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FF50FD7F30BFFCEE" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[221,434,764,790]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FF50FD7F30BFFCEE" box="[221,434,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and absent or small interparietals (present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FC64FD7F35B0FCEE" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1001,1213,764,790]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FC64FD7F35B0FCEE" box="[1001,1213,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), vertebral row enlarged (not enlarged in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FE7FFCA233C8FCC1" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[498,709,799,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FE7FFCA233C8FCC1" box="[498,709,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), retaining contact between both parietals (usually absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FF50FCC130B8FCA4" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[221,437,834,860]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FF50FCC130B8FCA4" box="[221,437,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Furthermore, these two species also have significant differences in coloration and pattern, as 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FEFCFCE5333BFC78" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[369,566,871,896]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FEFCFCE5333BFC78" box="[369,566,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72755B534FDB3FCE43394FC78" box="[574,665,870,896]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
has a dorsal pattern uniformly light brown, with small diffuse brown spots (striped-spotted, lateral orange stripes over a dark brown background in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FB1EFE883469FEDB" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1171,1380,265,291]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FB1EFE883469FEDB" box="[1171,1380,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a prefrontal and maxilla bone contact present (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FCF5FEAF355DFEBE" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[888,1104,300,326]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FCF5FEAF355DFEBE" box="[888,1104,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a dentary and angular bone contact present (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FDC2FED23220FE91" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[591,813,335,361]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FDC2FED23220FE91" box="[591,813,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), medial contact of exoccipitals loose (firm in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FF30FEF13099FE74" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[189,404,370,396]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FF30FEF13099FE74" box="[189,404,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a small premaxilla body ventral ethmoidal foramen (large in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FB1DFEF13468FE74" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1168,1381,370,396]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FB1DFEF13468FE74" box="[1168,1381,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), postorbital dorsomedial head divided in two heads (undivided in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FC51FE1535B9FE48" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[988,1204,406,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FC51FE1535B9FE48" box="[988,1204,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), vomer further expanded laterally to completely encapsulate vomeronasal organ posteriorly (with margins enclosing posterior wall sloping ventrolaterally in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FD25FE5F3272FE0E" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[680,895,476,502]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FD25FE5F3272FE0E" box="[680,895,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), fenestra ovalis oriented posterolaterally (fenestra ovalis opens ventrolaterally in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FD2CFD823278FDE1" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[673,885,511,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FD2CFD823278FDE1" box="[673,885,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), frontal descending process abuts parietal (parietal overlaps frontal laterally in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FDEBFDA1323AFDC4" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[614,823,546,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FDEBFDA1323AFDC4" box="[614,823,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and ventral pattern with large black blotches on an orange background (alternating black squares on a white background in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FBA2FDC5340CFD98" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[1071,1281,582,608]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FBA2FDC5340CFD98" box="[1071,1281,582,608]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tro. taczanowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062755B534FF30F82E3437F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501357" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501357/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[189,233,1964,1990]" targetBox="[249,1338,1084,1810]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2755B534FF30F82E3437F811" blockId="24.[189,1398,1964,2025]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FF30F82E3012F83E" bold="true" box="[189,287,1964,1990]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 14.</emphasis>
Dorsal view of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2755B534FE62F82E353AF83E" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[495,1079,1964,1990]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2755B534FE62F82E3220F83E" box="[495,813,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
from Ecuador. Notice its conspicuously keeled dorsal scales and dorsolateral stripes. Photograph credit: Alejandro Arteaga.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2754B536FF30FD05326CFE0F" blockId="25.[187,1399,647,744]" lastBlockId="26.[188,1400,265,503]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Another tropidophiid species reported from the Andes range is 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FC04FD053437FD59" authority="Laurent, 1949" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[905,1338,647,674]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FC04FD053583FD59" box="[905,1166,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tropidophis battersbyi</emphasis>
Laurent, 1949
</taxonomicName>
. This species was described based on a specimen received by The Royal Museum of Natural History in Brussels in 1874–1875, from an unknown locality in 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2754B535FD30FD4C322CFD10" box="[701,801,718,744]" name="Ecuador" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. The species is known solely based on its 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2754B535FA8AFD4C347CFD10" box="[1287,1393,718,744]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, and no other available information has surfaced. 
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F2757B536FC9CFE8B351CFEDB" author="Diaz L. M. &amp; Cadiz A." box="[785,1041,265,291]" firstAuthor="Diaz" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Caribaea" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 9" part="16" refId="ref17920" refString="Diaz L. M. &amp; Cadiz A. 2020. A new species of Tropidophis (Squamata: Tropidophiidae) and molecular phylogeny of the Cuban radiation of the genus. Novitates Caribaea 16: 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.33800 / nc. vi 16.222" title="A new species of Tropidophis (Squamata: Tropidophiidae) and molecular phylogeny of the Cuban radiation of the genus" type="journal article" year="2020">Díaz &amp; Cádiz (2020)</bibRefCitation>
highlight that 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FB4AFE883475FEDB" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[1223,1400,265,291]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FB4AFE883475FEDB" box="[1223,1400,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
likely represents a labeling error, and could not be diagnosed from two Antillean taxa, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FB65FEAE3007FE91" authorityName="Hedges &amp; Garrido" authorityYear="1999" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="spiritu">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FB65FEAE3007FE91" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tropidophis spiritu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s Hedges &amp; Garrido, 1999 and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FDFFFECD35D8FE92" authority="Hedges, Garrido &amp; Diaz, 2001" authorityName="Hedges, Garrido &amp; Diaz" authorityYear="2001" box="[626,1237,335,362]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="morenoi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FDFFFECD326BFE91" box="[626,870,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tropidophis morenoi</emphasis>
Hedges, Garrido &amp; Diaz, 2001
</taxonomicName>
. Nonetheless, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FF31FEF1308CFE74" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[188,385,371,396]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FF31FEF1308CFE74" box="[188,385,371,396]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72757B536FE04FEF130E9FE75" box="[393,484,371,397]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be readily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FCF0FEF13524FE74" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[893,1065,370,396]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FCF0FEF13524FE74" box="[893,1065,370,396]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its uniformly light brown coloration pattern (large dark brown spots over a light gray background in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FB19FE15344DFE48" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[1172,1344,406,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FB19FE15344DFE48" box="[1172,1344,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), its lower ventral scale counts, which range from 156 to 162 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2757B536FCE6FE3B32B5FE2B" box="[875,952,441,467]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FC32FE383566FE2B" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[959,1131,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FC32FE383566FE2B" box="[959,1131,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and lower subcaudal counts, which range from 30 to 33 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2757B536FDECFE5E3393FE0E" box="[609,670,476,502]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0413999999999999" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="in" value="41.0">41 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FD29FE5F3242FE0E" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1949" box="[676,847,476,502]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="battersbyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FD29FE5F3242FE0E" box="[676,847,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tro. battersbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7E66062754B535FF31F80A302DF810" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501359" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501359" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501359/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[188,231,1928,1954]" targetBox="[189,1398,805,1889]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2754B535FF31F80A302DF810" blockId="25.[187,1400,1928,2024]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FF31F80A3016F85A" bold="true" box="[188,283,1928,1954]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 15.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2754B535FE45F80A32F2F85A" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" box="[456,1023,1928,1954]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2754B535FE45F80A33F0F85A" box="[456,765,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(NMW 14858) from Tambillo, Peru. Note its conspicuous keeled dorsal scales and striped dorsolateral pattern. Photograph credit: Georg Gassner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7E66062757B536FF30F80A3361F811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501361" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501361/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[189,233,1928,1954]" targetBox="[343,1245,572,1890]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2757B536FF30F80A3361F811" blockId="26.[189,1399,1928,2025]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FF30F80A302DF85A" bold="true" box="[189,288,1928,1954]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 16.</emphasis>
Distinction in dorsal keel character states, well developed in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FBBBF80A30BFF83D" authority="(Steindachner, 1880)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taczanowskyi">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FBBBF80A347BF85A" box="[1078,1398,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tropidophis taczanowskyi</emphasis>
(Steindachner, 1880)
</taxonomicName>
(top, DHMECN 16391), and inconspicuous or absent in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2757B536FBD8F829347AF83D" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[1109,1399,1963,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2757B536FBD8F829347AF83D" box="[1109,1399,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72757B536FF30F84D3015F811" box="[189,280,1999,2025]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(bottom, DHMECN 16725).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2756B537FF30FE8B325EFDC4" blockId="27.[188,1400,265,573]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
The genus 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FEB2FE8B30B1FEDB" box="[319,444,265,291]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FEB2FE8B30B1FEDB" box="[319,444,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trachyboa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains two species, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FD4BFE8B3535FEDB" authority="Peters, 1860" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1860" box="[710,1080,265,291]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FD4BFE8B3292FEDB" box="[710,927,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trachyboa gularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F2756B537FC2BFE8B3535FEDB" author="Peters W. C. H." box="[934,1080,265,291]" firstAuthor="Peters" journalOrPublisher="Monatsberichte der koniglichen preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="200 - 202" part="1860" refId="ref18890" refString="Peters W. C. H. 1860. Eine neue Gattung von Riesenschlangen vor, welche von einem gebornen Preussen, Hrn. Carl Reiss, in Guayaquil nebst mehreren anderen werthvollen Naturalien dem zoologischen Museum zugesandt worden ist. Monatsberichte der koniglichen preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1860: 200 - 202." title="Eine neue Gattung von Riesenschlangen vor, welche von einem gebornen Preussen, Hrn. Carl Reiss, in Guayaquil nebst mehreren anderen werthvollen Naturalien dem zoologischen Museum zugesandt worden ist" type="journal article" year="1860">Peters, 1860</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FBFEFE8B3066FEBE" authority="Peracca, 1910" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FBFEFE8B347AFEDB" box="[1139,1399,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trachyboa boulengeri</emphasis>
Peracca, 1910
</taxonomicName>
, that also occur in 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2756B537FDD5FEAE33B3FEBE" box="[600,702,300,326]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, and might be confused with the new species. These are also stout bodied, brown colored, small-sized snakes. However, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FC46FECD35F9FE91" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[971,1268,335,361]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FC46FECD35F9FE91" box="[971,1268,335,361]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72756B537FB73FED23456FE92" box="[1278,1371,336,362]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is readily distinguished from these species in having mostly smooth or weakly keeled dorsal scales (rugous and keeled in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FEEAFE1530F9FE48" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1860" box="[359,500,406,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FEEAFE1530F9FE48" box="[359,500,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. gularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FDBDFE1533E5FE48" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[560,744,406,432]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FDBDFE1533E5FE48" box="[560,744,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a large and entire rostral plate (absent or fragmented into small scales in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE24FE383338FE2B" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1860" box="[425,565,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE24FE383338FE2B" box="[425,565,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. gularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FDFDFE38322BFE2B" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[624,806,441,467]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FDFDFE38322BFE2B" box="[624,806,441,467]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a single preocular (fragmented in a circular row of up to 14 ocular scales in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FD9EFE5F33AFFE0E" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1860" box="[531,674,476,502]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gularis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FD9EFE5F33AFFE0E" box="[531,674,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. gularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FD52FE5F3294FE0E" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[735,921,476,502]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FD52FE5F3294FE0E" box="[735,921,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and for lacking horn-like supraocular projections (present in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE41FD82338EFDE1" authorityName="Peracca" authorityYear="1910" box="[460,643,511,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE41FD82338EFDE1" box="[460,643,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tra. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, both species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FC42FE7D3541FDE1" box="[975,1100,511,537]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Trachyboa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FC42FE7D3541FDE1" box="[975,1100,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Trachyboa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur west of the Andes, while 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE88FDA03325FDC4" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[261,552,546,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE88FDA03325FDC4" box="[261,552,546,572]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs east of the Andes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2756B537FF30FDE6307DFBDD" blockId="27.[187,1400,612,1061]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Within mainland South America, there are three other extralimital species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FBC0FDE635D4FD86" authorityName="Bibron" authorityYear="1840" box="[1101,1241,612,638]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FBC0FDE635D4FD86" box="[1101,1241,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FB67FDE63051FD59" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FB67FDE63051FD59" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Müller in Schenkel, 1901) (
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2756B537FD2BFD0533F4FD59" box="[678,761,647,673]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="27.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1118,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-337@27.[189,1398,1118,1924]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="Fig. 17. An extralimital tropidophiid from mainland South America, Tropidophis paucisquamis (Müller in Schenkel, 1901), from Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Photograph credit: Edelcio Muscat." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501363/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
), 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FC81FD05308EFD3D" authority="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues, 2012" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grapiuna">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FC81FD05350AFD59" box="[780,1031,647,673]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis grapiuna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F2756B537FB82FD05308EFD3D" author="Curcio F. F. &amp; Sales Nunes P. M. &amp; Argolo A. J. S. &amp; Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T." firstAuthor="Curcio" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Monographs" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="80 - 121" part="26" refId="ref17832" refString="Curcio F. F., Sales Nunes P. M., Argolo A. J. S., Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T. 2012. Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs 26 (1): 80 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 10 - 00008.1" title="Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae)" type="journal article" year="2012">Curcio, Nunes, Argôlo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE45FD283429FD3D" authority="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues, 2012" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[456,1316,682,709]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="preciosus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE45FD2833C2FD3C" box="[456,719,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis preciosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B7F2756B537FD5BFD283429FD3D" author="Curcio F. F. &amp; Sales Nunes P. M. &amp; Argolo A. J. S. &amp; Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T." box="[726,1316,682,709]" firstAuthor="Curcio" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Monographs" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="80 - 121" part="26" refId="ref17832" refString="Curcio F. F., Sales Nunes P. M., Argolo A. J. S., Skuk G. &amp; Rodrigues M. T. 2012. Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae). Herpetological Monographs 26 (1): 80 - 121. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / HERPMONOGRAPHS-D- 10 - 00008.1" title="Taxonomy of the South American dwarf boas of the genus Tropidophis Bibron, 1840, with the description of two new species from the Atlantic forest (Serpentes: Tropidophiidae)" type="journal article" year="2012">Curcio, Nunes, Argôlo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. These three species are largely allopatric between each other, and restricted to the Atlantic Forest highlands in southern, southeastern, and northeastern 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2756B537FD45FD733219FCF3" box="[712,788,753,779]" name="Brazil" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. The dorsal coloration of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FBC6FD70341EFCF3" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[1099,1299,754,779]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FBC6FD70341EFCF3" box="[1099,1299,754,779]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72756B537FA97FD73347AFCF3" box="[1306,1399,753,779]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE06FC97336FFCD6" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[395,610,789,814]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE06FC97336FFCD6" box="[395,610,789,814]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing in having a uniformly colored dorsum (small dark brown spots over a dark brown background, vertebral light brown stripe in 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FC5CFCBA35A5FCA9" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[977,1192,824,849]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FC5CFCBA35A5FCA9" box="[977,1192,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and this species is furthermore distinguished by its lower ventral counts, which range from 156 to 162 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2756B537FB66FCD83478FC8C" box="[1259,1397,858,884]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3434" metricValueMax="4.5212" metricValueMin="4.1655999999999995" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="171.0" valueMax="178.0" valueMin="164.0">164–178 in</quantity>
males, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2756B537FE9EFCFF3097FC60" box="[275,410,893,920]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="4.6482" metricValueMin="4.2418" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="175.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="167.0">167–183 in</quantity>
females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FDA5FCFC320DFC6F" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[552,768,894,919]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FDA5FCFC320DFC6F" box="[552,768,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new species can be readily distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FF33FC203052FC43" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[190,351,930,955]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grapiuna">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FF33FC203052FC43" box="[190,351,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. grapiuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FE1FFC20333BFC43" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[402,566,930,955]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="preciosus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FE1FFC20333BFC43" box="[402,566,930,955]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. preciosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on its distinct, uniformly colored dorsal pattern (dark brown with black spots in both species), lower ventral counts, which range from 156 to 162 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2756B537FB04FC46341CFC26" box="[1161,1297,964,990]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0673" metricValueMax="5.1562" metricValueMin="4.9784" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="199.5" valueMax="203.0" valueMin="196.0">196–203 in</quantity>
females of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FF50FC6A308EFBF9" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[221,387,1000,1025]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="preciosus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FF50FC6A308EFBF9" box="[221,387,1000,1025]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. preciosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and lower infralabial counts, which range from 8 to 10 (
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2756B537FBA2FC65359AFBF9" box="[1071,1175,999,1025]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.921" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="in" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FB12FC6A3449FBF9" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[1183,1348,1000,1025]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="preciosus">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FB12FC6A3449FBF9" box="[1183,1348,1000,1025]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. preciosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FF30FB893052FBDC" authorityName="Curcio, Nunes, Argolo, Skuk &amp; Rodrigues" authorityYear="2012" box="[189,351,1035,1060]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grapiuna">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FF30FB893052FBDC" box="[189,351,1035,1060]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tro. grapiuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF7E66062756B537FF30F82935DBF811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501363" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7501363" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501363/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1118,1924]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2756B537FF30F82935DBF811" blockId="27.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FF30F8293014F83D" bold="true" box="[189,281,1963,1989]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 17.</emphasis>
An extralimital tropidophiid from mainland South America, 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2756B537FC6DF8293418F83D" baseAuthorityName="Muller" baseAuthorityYear="1901" box="[992,1301,1963,1989]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucisquamis">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2756B537FC6DF8293418F83D" box="[992,1301,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tropidophis paucisquamis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Müller in Schenkel, 1901), from Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Photograph credit: Edelcio Muscat.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C31B65052751B530FF30FE8A3049FCA5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2751B530FF30FE8A33E8FEDA" blockId="28.[189,741,264,291]" box="[189,741,264,291]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0F681E22751B530FF30FE8A33E8FEDA" bold="true" box="[189,741,264,291]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2751B530FF30FE8A33E8FEDA" bold="true" box="[189,741,264,291]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Geographic distribution and natural history</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2751B530FF30FEB53592FD93" blockId="28.[188,1399,311,619]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Currently, two verified specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2751B530FDFFFEBA3210FEA9" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[626,797,312,337]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2751B530FDFFFEBA3210FEA9" box="[626,797,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72751B530FCABFEBA328CFEAA" box="[806,897,312,338]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are known from 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2751B530FBC1FEB535BDFEA9" box="[1100,1200,311,337]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, one (DHMECN 16725) from Reserva Biológica Colonso Chalupas, Campamento 2 (
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492751B530FC79FED8358EFE8D" box="[1012,1155,346,373]" degrees="0.93370" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="0.9337">0.93370° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492751B530FB1CFED83438FE8D" box="[1169,1333,346,373]" degrees="77.92239" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-77.92239">77.92239° W</geoCoordinate>
), San Juan de Muyuna Municipality, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2751B530FDA1FEFF3388FE60" box="[556,645,381,408]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.613" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1613.0">1613 m</quantity>
altitude, 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2751B530FD7EFEFC32A8FE6F" box="[755,933,381,408]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Napo Province</collectingRegion>
, and the other (DHMECN 15893) from Sumak Kawsay In Situ reserve (
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492751B530FDBCFE2333D7FE43" box="[561,730,417,443]" degrees="1.3930470" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="1.393047">1.3930470° N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE3550492751B530FD68FE2232ADFE43" box="[741,928,416,443]" degrees="78.0686059" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" precision="1" value="-78.0686">78.0686059° W</geoCoordinate>
), Mera County, 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2751B530FBD6FE2335BEFE43" box="[1115,1203,417,443]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4809999999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1481.0">1481 m</quantity>
altitude, 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2751B530FA93FE23302AFE26" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pastaza Province</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="133A2A0B2751B530FEB4FE46309EFE26" box="[313,403,452,478]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,233,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[213,1368,995,1860]" captionTargetId="figure-224@28.[189,1398,972,1872]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 18. Habitat and geographic range of Tropidophis cacuangoae sp. nov. A. Overview of Eastern Piedmont Evergreen Forest habitat. B. Collection site of T. cacuangoae sp. nov. paratype (DHMECN 15893). C. Geographic distribution of T. cacuangoae sp. nov. in Ecuador." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7501365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7501365/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). Another specimen is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2751B530FCA5FE4732DBFE26" authority="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto, 2022" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[808,982,453,478]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2751B530FCA5FE4732DBFE26" box="[808,982,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24657E72751B530FC52FE463536FE26" box="[991,1083,452,478]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(DHMECN 16126), from Guayzimi, Nangaritza Municipality, in 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2751B530FD15FE6532E3FDF9" box="[664,1006,487,513]" country="Ecuador" name="Zamora-Chinchipe" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Zamora-Chinchipe Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F316761E2751B530FC76FE65356DFDF9" box="[1019,1120,487,513]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, and recognized herein as ʻUnconfirmed Candidate Species 1ʼ (
<taxonomicName id="4C014D0D2751B530FD1DFD8832DBFDDC" authorityName="Ortega-Andrade &amp; Bentley &amp; Koch &amp; Yánez-Muñoz &amp; Entiauspe-Neto" authorityYear="2022" box="[656,982,522,548]" class="Reptilia" family="Tropidophiidae" genus="Tropidophis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cacuangoae">
<emphasis id="B975EA9C2751B530FD1DFD8832DBFDDC" box="[656,982,522,548]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Tropidophis cf. cacuangoae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The new species inhabits primary Eastern Piedmont Evergreen and Evergreen Low Montane forests, under the Amazon Rainforest biome, in 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2751B530FF57FDD33017FD93" box="[218,282,593,619]" country="Ecuador" name="Napo" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Napo</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F86C2751B530FEDEFDD330A6FD93" box="[339,427,593,619]" country="Ecuador" name="Pastaza" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pastaza</collectingRegion>
provinces, at an altitude range of 
<quantity id="4CF99B6B2751B530FCB7FDD232D1FD93" box="[826,988,592,619]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.547" metricValueMax="1.613" metricValueMin="1.4809999999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1547.0" valueMax="1613.0" valueMin="1481.0">1481–1613 m</quantity>
above sea level.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE368E2751B530FF30FD103049FCA5" blockId="28.[187,1400,658,861]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2751B530FF7EFD103057FD54" box="[243,346,658,684]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected active during the night (23:36 hours), found in the leaf litter, in Evergreen Low Montane Forest. The 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2751B530FE60FD34335CFD28" box="[493,593,694,720]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
was collected during the morning (10:00 hours), found coiled between two wooden boards, on the edge of primary Eastern Piedmont Evergreen Forest. Upon being handled, the specimen did not attempt to bite, and engaged in ʻballingʼ behavior, cloacal discharges and hiding head between body coils. After being handled, the 
<typeStatus id="54BA882C2751B530FC9DFC9D3278FCC1" box="[784,885,799,825]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
specimen also engaged in autohemorraging of the eyes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>