treatments-xml/data/03/90/63/0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28.xml

233 lines
29 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="876373C42DABC5782EEED76DA765979A" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2014.3.2.127" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13143732" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722430635402" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Blakemore, Robert J., Lee, Seunghan &amp; Seo, Hong-Yul" docDate="2014" docId="0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.3.2.127-166.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 3 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2014.3.2.127" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Drawida koreana subsp. koreana Kobayashi 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="144" masterDocId="FFA91B14FFA0FFF4FFA0FFE5FFA88C73" masterDocTitle="Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1722431195132" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="B3E5C6484A2B5DD5C1F4DB4B0497CA0B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="63660599888673CC2869991639B63FE9">
<mods:title id="E2EA693AF545D104A1A1A7CD46C5EDB0">Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EBE985C05146FCDA1EC8BF72BBA5FAF6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6A4FC26EE2275EFBC983606CE1D526EC">
<mods:roleTerm id="669CA5405ED1DDA1F5AF72CB2BCDA021">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7133C217D8A28D265A778AB62E774706">Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BC3144E96BC443EB03351E86B77E23AB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A95F622773958AD444C24270697E90B0">
<mods:roleTerm id="F20673BDFA536FC528366CA7A5583E62">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B6C32C531D5634E528445C5C6E27BA7E">Lee, Seunghan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B5A615CA298AB49AD2A07D1663939A1F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9D2D830246089783DB290732E496BCB2">
<mods:roleTerm id="F2FA38789CED26D872C4AD93EADF601E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4D40523B14D19AF9401CDFCF3568E759">Seo, Hong-Yul</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AE4D594FD78743282CB3875EE6F14626">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A9BB0D8114F8C8945504AD98D371FDBD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="9B10242EAB541C45CE96A79255B17785">
<mods:title id="9DFB1FA39FDF549EA3403C10AC9D5431">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="285A6DF39E13DC5C550CB7378E0BF6E2">
<mods:date id="1EC3318404EADA6E7A6706A1D2F32D24">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="FC39709F647BA7028693C805DF6655DF" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="2E4AECD2B045778A9E90AB9CAEBCD297">2014-08-29</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="16BD8DE6D4D328C26EE9AADF3ABEDF97" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3C8A1FB5D18F32D8531A5B694AD128DC">3</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="15CC1D36F1F2613FC37D14FA966192E5" type="issue">
<mods:number id="7CD7666F4368DCECEAFAB8F28C0CB7AE">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="52B70A36EF9A74E479DDA8C4FD548989" unit="page">
<mods:start id="09B3BFF1B4E7D667478FE03764D8669A">127</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D29848B15146932C192637727B54A91B">166</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="EFF1B26655EC6964EEF1882255ED69C1">
<mods:url id="426D62FE844B3E818F81D04D5686BAD5">http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2014.3.2.127</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="7A0FE4B08760A301A2D47486CD291BE7">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="77FAA7D1966882A9949D72AB47BF472C" type="DOI">10.12651/JSR.2014.3.2.127</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="54E051D85054D9FAA0DBAD563395C2DF" type="ISSN">2713-8615</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3075BC8CE9B9E6CCE22A77A3A27CD248" type="Zenodo-Dep">13143732</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" blockId="16.[157,680,1195,1219]" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<heading id="D0CE6516FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" bold="true" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" bold="true" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
12.
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FF65FB4EFD0088B0" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[197,680,1195,1219]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="koreana" subSpecies="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF65FB4EFE4E88B0" bold="true" box="[197,486,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana koreana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FE4DFB4EFD0088B0" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[493,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB29F554FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFDC18891" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[157,617,1227,1250]" page="102" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1938">
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFDC18891" authority="Kobayashi, 1938: 102" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="1938" box="[157,617,1227,1250]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFECB8891" box="[157,355,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FECDFB2EFDC18891" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[365,617,1227,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938: 102</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 3 (from Kyôjô, etc.
<typeStatus id="54826CD8FFB0FFE4FE92FB0EFEDB8971" box="[306,371,1259,1282]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Types</typeStatus>
not known);
<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FDA5FB0EFD5D8971" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[517,757,1259,1282]" page="268" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1940">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FDA5FB0EFD5D8971" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[517,757,1259,1282]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref22959" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1940. Terrestrial Oligochaeta from Manchoukuo. The Science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, IV Series 15: 261 - 256." type="book" year="1940">Kobayashi, 1940: 268</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; 1941: 515;
<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FE93FAEEFE588951" author="Easton, E. G." box="[307,496,1291,1314]" page="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1981">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FE93FAEEFE588951" author="Easton, E. G." box="[307,496,1291,1314]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref21957" refString="Easton, E. G. 1981. Japanese earthworms: a synopsis of the Megadrile species. ‾ Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 40 (2): 33 - 65 [Available from: http: // www. archive. org / stream / bulletinofbritis 40 zoollond # pa ge / n 43 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1981">Easton, 1981: 35</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, 39;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FD8AFAEEFD5E8951" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[554,758,1291,1314]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref20958" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 b. Cosmopolitan Earthworms. 5 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. pp. 950 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2012">Blakemore, 2012b</bibRefCitation>
; 2013: 125.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFD978A17" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFD978A17" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFE808910" bold="true" box="[157,296,1355,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</emphasis>
Originally described on 150 or so specimens ranging from “Kyôjô” (present day Kyojo, Hamgy̆ong- Bukto) in NE
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FE95FA69FE1389D0" box="[309,443,1420,1443]" name="North Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">North Korea</collectingCountry>
to “Ryûjin” which is close to present-day Suwon in
<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FE3BFA49FD8289B7" box="[411,554,1452,1476]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
which means the area surrounding the capital (
<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FE6DFA29FDA78990" box="[461,527,1484,1507]" country="South Korea" name="Seoul" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Seoul</collectingRegion>
) in NW
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FDCFFA29FD5E8990" box="[623,758,1484,1507]" name="South Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">South Korea</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FF3DFA09FE3A8A70" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[157,402,1516,1539]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref22959" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1940. Terrestrial Oligochaeta from Manchoukuo. The Science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, IV Series 15: 261 - 256." type="book" year="1940">Kobayashi (1940: 311)</bibRefCitation>
obtained
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FE5DFA08FDDD8A77" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[509,629,1517,1540]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FE5DFA08FDDD8A77" box="[509,629,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in “
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FD05FA09FE408A57" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">centraleastern district of Manchoukuo</emphasis>
[=present day Dongbei]” as well as from northern and central
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FD96F9C8FDD38A37" box="[566,635,1581,1604]" name="South Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Korea</collectingCountry>
. Kobayashi (1941) reported it from Kyushu,
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FE5AF9A8FD928A17" box="[506,570,1613,1636]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4682F2FFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FAB98AD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13143748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13143748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13143748/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" startId="16.[822,858,1597,1617]" targetBox="[838,1417,975,1555]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FAB98AD2" blockId="16.[822,1427,1597,1697]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FC2F8A22" bold="true" box="[822,903,1597,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FC30F9D8FAFA8A22" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[912,1362,1597,1617]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="koreana" subSpecies="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC30F9D8FB338A22" box="[912,1179,1597,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana koreana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FB05F9D8FAFA8A22" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[1189,1362,1597,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. After
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FC96F9BDFC7B8A1F" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[822,979,1624,1644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3) showing (a) male field, (b and c) enlarged spermathecae. Note that his sketch of the male field of
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FA8DF996FA3B8AF4" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1325,1427,1651,1671]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FA8DF996FA3B8AF4" box="[1325,1427,1651,1671]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that found in several current specimens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DF989FCF08BD6" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DF989FEFF8BF6" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DF989FE828AF7" bold="true" box="[157,298,1644,1668]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Description.</emphasis>
Dark blue or dark reddish blue dorsally, lighter ventrally, clitellum pinkish. Length
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FDD8F968FD5E8AD7" box="[632,758,1677,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="81.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="63.0">63-100 mm</quantity>
, to
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FF18F948FF5D8AB7" box="[184,245,1709,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
, with 130-186 segments. Prolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Setae paired (ab=cd). Clitellum 10-13. Spermathecal pores in 7/
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FEFAF908FE2C8B77" box="[346,388,1773,1796]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
c-lines. Male pores on nipple-like conical porophore posteriorly on 10 overhanging 10/
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FD41F8EBFF1A8B36" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
bc but nearer c-lines. Female pores anterior of
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FD61F8CBFD528B36" box="[705,762,1838,1861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
b-lines.
<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FF59F8ABFE8C8B16" box="[249,292,1870,1893]" country="Iran" name="Qom" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">GM</collectingRegion>
papillae present irregularly on 7-12 with glands internally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF14F86BFCF08BD6" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" lastBlockId="16.[822,1428,1773,1990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Septa 5/6-7/8 thickened; 10/11 and 11/12 meet dorsally. Spermathecal ampulla spherical, duct very short and thick joins side of small atrium near base. Testis sacs in 9/10, vas deferens short entering body wall near thick and short prostate gland (the glandular part easily removed around its tubular body). Ovaries in chamber of 10/11/12, oviducts extend up to 22. Gizzards two or three in 12-13, 14.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE5FC96F84BFC6E8E28" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE5FC96F84BFDAB8EEF" blockId="16.[822,1428,1773,1990]" lastBlockId="17.[159,764,259,1021]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC96F84BFC0D8BB5" bold="true" box="[822,933,1966,1990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Remarks.</emphasis>
Said by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FBA6F84BFB6C8BB6" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[1030,1220,1966,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938)</bibRefCitation>
to differ from pale coloured
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FEA0FEE6FED28D69" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[256,378,259,282]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FEA0FEE6FED28D69" box="[256,378,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and its synonym
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FD90FEE6FF7C8D49" authority="Gates, 1935" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1935" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="propatula">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FD90FEE6FD1C8D69" box="[560,692,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. propatula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD1AFEE6FF7C8D49" author="Gates, G. E." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="445 - 458" refId="ref22066" refString="Gates, G. E. 1935. On some Chinese earthworms. Lingnan Science Journal 14: 445 - 458." type="journal article" year="1935">
Gates,
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB1FFE5FF3FFEC6FF7C8D49" box="[159,212,291,314]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.914899999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" unit="in" value="1935.0">1935</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in the larger aspect of the male pore (more stubby) and shorter, thicker spermathcal duct. As noted by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD16FEA6FE868D08" author="Blakemore, R. J." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="15 - 54" refId="ref20988" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2013 a. Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15 - 54 [Available from: www. nibr. go. kr / eng / event / journal _ spe _ 3. jsp]." type="journal article" year="2013">Blakemore (2013a)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FE99FE81FE188D08" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[313,432,356,379]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FE99FE81FE188D08" box="[313,432,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is seemingly a variable species or perhaps a species-complex.
<typeStatus id="54826CD8FFB1FFE5FE4FFE61FD988DE8" box="[495,560,388,411]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Types</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FDF8FE61FD7A8DE8" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[600,722,388,411]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FDF8FE61FD7A8DE8" box="[600,722,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are missing and topotypic neotypification is difficult due to restricted access to
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB1FFE5FECBFE21FE5A8DA8" box="[363,498,452,475]" name="North Korea" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">North Korea</collectingCountry>
, in particular to the sanctuary of the Ri dynasty mausoleum at Kyojo that
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD19FE01FEE28E68" author="Kobayashi, S." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938: 91)</bibRefCitation>
indicated may be the type-locality. Thus a pragmatic solution, pending full determination of the nominal taxon, is to describe new sub-species, such as the next three taxa, that are unambiguously identifiable on their DNA (Appendix,
<figureCitation id="1302CEFFFFB1FFE5FE15FD60FE5B8EEF" box="[437,499,645,668]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[180,219,516,539]" captionText="Fig. 1 shows DNA data for taxon identification and phylogenetic relationships (codes in Appendix)." pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB1FFE5FF16FD40FC6E8E28" blockId="17.[159,764,259,1021]" lastBlockId="17.[824,1429,259,603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">
Blue and/or red coloured
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FE6FFD40FF7C8EAF" authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FE6FFD40FDD98ECE" bold="true" box="[463,625,677,701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Drawida willsi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FDDAFD40FF7C8EAF" author="Michaelsen, W." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="143 - 188" refId="ref23160" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Hamburg 24 (2): 143 - 188. (Available from: http: // www. biodiversity heritagelibrary. org / page / 10278554 # page / 173 / mode / 1 up)." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
that is ca.
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB1FFE5FEEBFD20FE3C8EAF" box="[331,404,709,732]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
long is a dominant earthworm in Indian crop fields and rice paddy, also widely distribut- ed as a vermicomposing species there and often used for ecotoxicology studies. [Note that
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FDAAFCC3FD188F4E" authorityName="Hatai" authorityYear="1930" box="[522,688,806,829]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hattamimizu">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FDAAFCC3FD188F4E" box="[522,688,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. hattamimizu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also reddish when subadult and dark bluish when mature]. It differs only in detail (e.g. spermathecal pores in ab-lines and longer spermathecal duct perhaps, with GMs in 9/10) and requires separation based on its DNA profile too. Gizzards in
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FEBDFC23FEDD8FAE" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[285,373,966,989]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FEBDFC23FEDD8FAE" box="[285,373,966,989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. willsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were said by
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FDA6FC23FD5F8FAE" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[518,759,966,989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="143 - 188" refId="ref23160" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Hamburg 24 (2): 143 - 188. (Available from: http: // www. biodiversity heritagelibrary. org / page / 10278554 # page / 173 / mode / 1 up)." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen (1907: 145</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FF3FFC03FEA68F8E" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[159,270,998,1021]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="103 - 253" refId="ref23222" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1909. The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 1 (3): 103 - 253, pls, 13 - 14 [Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / memoirsofindia 119 0709 indi # page / 103 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1909">1909: 144</bibRefCitation>
) to occur in 13,14-15, but Gates (1945: 215) had 1,600 specimens with two to four gizzards in some of 12-16, as in
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FC7BFEC1FBFB8D48" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[987,1107,292,315]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FC7BFEC1FBFB8D48" box="[987,1107,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FBC2FEC6FAF08D49" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[1122,1368,291,314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="103 - 253" refId="ref23222" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1909. The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 1 (3): 103 - 253, pls, 13 - 14 [Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / memoirsofindia 119 0709 indi # page / 103 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1909">Michaelsen (1909: 117</bibRefCitation>
, 146) pointed out that it was similar, if not synonymous, to his earlier
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FC25FE81FBAE8D08" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[901,1030,356,379]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FC25FE81FBAE8D08" box="[901,1030,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. japonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that typically had gizzards in 12-13 only. Male pores in
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FB81FE61FB288DE8" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[1057,1152,388,411]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FB81FE61FB288DE8" box="[1057,1152,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. willsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are in b-lines, spherical equally in 10 and 11 with a small conical porophore that may resemble that for
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FB8CFE21FB0C8DA8" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1068,1188,452,475]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FB8CFE21FB0C8DA8" box="[1068,1188,452,475]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but, unfortunately, no figure is available. Rudimentary male pores are also often present in 9/10 and thus it was thought a transitional species. Resolution of the relationship of these taxa requires further work.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>