233 lines
29 KiB
XML
233 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document id="876373C42DABC5782EEED76DA765979A" ID-DOI="10.12651/JSR.2014.3.2.127" ID-ISSN="2713-8615" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13143732" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722430635402" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Blakemore, Robert J., Lee, Seunghan & Seo, Hong-Yul" docDate="2014" docId="0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" docLanguage="en" docName="JSpeciesRes.3.2.127-166.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Species Research 3 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12651/jsr.2014.3.2.127" docStyle="DocumentStyle:4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372.2:JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="4D398BFF45FF8CA9E08F546BB06AE372" docStyleName="JSpeciesRes.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Drawida koreana subsp. koreana Kobayashi 1938" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="144" masterDocId="FFA91B14FFA0FFF4FFA0FFE5FFA88C73" masterDocTitle="Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia" masterLastPageNumber="166" masterPageNumber="127" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1722431195132" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="E2EA693AF545D104A1A1A7CD46C5EDB0">Reports of Drawida (Oligochaeta: Moniligastridae) from far East Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7133C217D8A28D265A778AB62E774706">Blakemore, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6C32C531D5634E528445C5C6E27BA7E">Lee, Seunghan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D40523B14D19AF9401CDFCF3568E759">Seo, Hong-Yul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9DFB1FA39FDF549EA3403C10AC9D5431">Journal of Species Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="285A6DF39E13DC5C550CB7378E0BF6E2">
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<mods:date id="1EC3318404EADA6E7A6706A1D2F32D24">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0390636CFFB0FFE5FF3DFB4EFC6E8E28" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" blockId="16.[157,680,1195,1219]" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<heading id="D0CE6516FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" bold="true" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFB4EFD0088B0" bold="true" box="[157,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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12.
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<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FF65FB4EFD0088B0" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[197,680,1195,1219]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="koreana" subSpecies="koreana">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF65FB4EFE4E88B0" bold="true" box="[197,486,1195,1219]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana koreana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FE4DFB4EFD0088B0" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[493,680,1195,1219]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB29F554FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFE8E8930" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFDC18891" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[157,617,1227,1250]" page="102" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1938">
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<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFDC18891" authority="Kobayashi, 1938: 102" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityPageNumber="102" authorityYear="1938" box="[157,617,1227,1250]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFB2EFECB8891" box="[157,355,1227,1250]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FECDFB2EFDC18891" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[365,617,1227,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938: 102</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 3 (from Kyôjô, etc.
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<typeStatus id="54826CD8FFB0FFE4FE92FB0EFEDB8971" box="[306,371,1259,1282]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Types</typeStatus>
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not known);
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<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FDA5FB0EFD5D8971" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[517,757,1259,1282]" page="268" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1940">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FDA5FB0EFD5D8971" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[517,757,1259,1282]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref22959" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1940. Terrestrial Oligochaeta from Manchoukuo. The Science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, IV Series 15: 261 - 256." type="book" year="1940">Kobayashi, 1940: 268</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1941: 515;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A98F46BFFB0FFE4FE93FAEEFE588951" author="Easton, E. G." box="[307,496,1291,1314]" page="35" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1981">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FE93FAEEFE588951" author="Easton, E. G." box="[307,496,1291,1314]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="33 - 65" refId="ref21957" refString="Easton, E. G. 1981. Japanese earthworms: a synopsis of the Megadrile species. ‾ Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology 40 (2): 33 - 65 [Available from: http: // www. archive. org / stream / bulletinofbritis 40 zoollond # pa ge / n 43 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1981">Easton, 1981: 35</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 39;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FD8AFAEEFD5E8951" author="Blakemore, R. J." box="[554,758,1291,1314]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref20958" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2012 b. Cosmopolitan Earthworms. 5 th Edition. VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan. pp. 950 [CD publication]." type="journal volume" year="2012">Blakemore, 2012b</bibRefCitation>
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||
; 2013: 125.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFD978A17" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFD978A17" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DFAAEFE808910" bold="true" box="[157,296,1355,1379]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Originally described on 150 or so specimens ranging from “Kyôjô” (present day Kyojo, Hamgy̆ong- Bukto) in NE
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<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FE95FA69FE1389D0" box="[309,443,1420,1443]" name="North Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">North Korea</collectingCountry>
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to “Ryûjin” which is close to present-day Suwon in
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<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FE3BFA49FD8289B7" box="[411,554,1452,1476]" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
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which means ‘the area surrounding the capital (
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<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FE6DFA29FDA78990" box="[461,527,1484,1507]" country="South Korea" name="Seoul" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Seoul</collectingRegion>
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)’ in NW
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<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FDCFFA29FD5E8990" box="[623,758,1484,1507]" name="South Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">South Korea</collectingCountry>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FF3DFA09FE3A8A70" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[157,402,1516,1539]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refId="ref22959" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1940. Terrestrial Oligochaeta from Manchoukuo. The Science reports of the Tohoku Imperial University, IV Series 15: 261 - 256." type="book" year="1940">Kobayashi (1940: 311)</bibRefCitation>
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obtained
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<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FE5DFA08FDDD8A77" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[509,629,1517,1540]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FE5DFA08FDDD8A77" box="[509,629,1517,1540]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">D. koreana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in “
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FD05FA09FE408A57" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">centraleastern district of Manchoukuo</emphasis>
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[=present day Dongbei]” as well as from northern and central
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<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FD96F9C8FDD38A37" box="[566,635,1581,1604]" name="South Korea" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Korea</collectingCountry>
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. Kobayashi (1941) reported it from Kyushu,
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<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB0FFE4FE5AF9A8FD928A17" box="[506,570,1613,1636]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Japan</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF4682F2FFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FAB98AD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13143748" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13143748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13143748/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" startId="16.[822,858,1597,1617]" targetBox="[838,1417,975,1555]" targetPageId="16" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FAB98AD2" blockId="16.[822,1427,1597,1697]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC96F9D8FC2F8A22" bold="true" box="[822,903,1597,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 10.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FC30F9D8FAFA8A22" authority="Kobayashi, 1938" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[912,1362,1597,1617]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="koreana" subSpecies="koreana">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC30F9D8FB338A22" box="[912,1179,1597,1617]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Drawida koreana koreana</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FB05F9D8FAFA8A22" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[1189,1362,1597,1617]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. After
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FC96F9BDFC7B8A1F" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[822,979,1624,1644]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938</bibRefCitation>
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: fig. 3) showing (a) male field, (b and c) enlarged spermathecae. Note that his sketch of the male field of
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<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB0FFE4FA8DF996FA3B8AF4" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1325,1427,1651,1671]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
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<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FA8DF996FA3B8AF4" box="[1325,1427,1651,1671]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">D. koreana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similar to that found in several current specimens.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE4FF3DF989FCF08BD6" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF3DF989FEFF8BF6" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FF3DF989FE828AF7" bold="true" box="[157,298,1644,1668]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Description.</emphasis>
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Dark blue or dark reddish blue dorsally, lighter ventrally, clitellum pinkish. Length
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<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FDD8F968FD5E8AD7" box="[632,758,1677,1700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.15" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="81.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="63.0">63-100 mm</quantity>
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, to
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<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FF18F948FF5D8AB7" box="[184,245,1709,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
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||
, with 130-186 segments. Prolobous. Dorsal pores absent. Setae paired (ab=cd). Clitellum 10-13. Spermathecal pores in 7/
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<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FEFAF908FE2C8B77" box="[346,388,1773,1796]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="8.0">8 in</quantity>
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||
c-lines. Male pores on nipple-like conical porophore posteriorly on 10 overhanging 10/
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||
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FD41F8EBFF1A8B36" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="11.0">11 in</quantity>
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||
bc but nearer c-lines. Female pores anterior of
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||
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB0FFE4FD61F8CBFD528B36" box="[705,762,1838,1861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
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||
b-lines.
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<collectingRegion id="49FD1C98FFB0FFE4FF59F8ABFE8C8B16" box="[249,292,1870,1893]" country="Iran" name="Qom" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">GM</collectingRegion>
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||
papillae present irregularly on 7-12 with glands internally.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE4FF14F86BFCF08BD6" blockId="16.[157,763,1227,1989]" lastBlockId="16.[822,1428,1773,1990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Septa 5/6-7/8 thickened; 10/11 and 11/12 meet dorsally. Spermathecal ampulla spherical, duct very short and thick joins side of small atrium near base. Testis sacs in 9/10, vas deferens short entering body wall near thick and short prostate gland (the glandular part easily removed around its tubular body). Ovaries in chamber of 10/11/12, oviducts extend up to 22. Gizzards two or three in 12-13, 14.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C32381F1FFB0FFE5FC96F84BFC6E8E28" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB0FFE5FC96F84BFDAB8EEF" blockId="16.[822,1428,1773,1990]" lastBlockId="17.[159,764,259,1021]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="144" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB0FFE4FC96F84BFC0D8BB5" bold="true" box="[822,933,1966,1990]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Said by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB0FFE4FBA6F84BFB6C8BB6" author="Kobayashi, S." box="[1030,1220,1966,1989]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to differ from pale coloured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FEA0FEE6FED28D69" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[256,378,259,282]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FEA0FEE6FED28D69" box="[256,378,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FD90FEE6FF7C8D49" authority="Gates, 1935" authorityName="Gates" authorityYear="1935" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="propatula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FD90FEE6FD1C8D69" box="[560,692,259,282]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. propatula</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD1AFEE6FF7C8D49" author="Gates, G. E." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="445 - 458" refId="ref22066" refString="Gates, G. E. 1935. On some Chinese earthworms. Lingnan Science Journal 14: 445 - 458." type="journal article" year="1935">
|
||
Gates,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB1FFE5FF3FFEC6FF7C8D49" box="[159,212,291,314]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.914899999999999" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" unit="in" value="1935.0">1935</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the larger aspect of the male pore (more stubby) and shorter, thicker spermathcal duct. As noted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD16FEA6FE868D08" author="Blakemore, R. J." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="15 - 54" refId="ref20988" refString="Blakemore, R. J. 2013 a. Jeju-do earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megadrilacea) - Quelpart Island revisited. Journal of Species Research 2 (1): 15 - 54 [Available from: www. nibr. go. kr / eng / event / journal _ spe _ 3. jsp]." type="journal article" year="2013">Blakemore (2013a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FE99FE81FE188D08" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[313,432,356,379]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FE99FE81FE188D08" box="[313,432,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is seemingly a variable species or perhaps a species-complex.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54826CD8FFB1FFE5FE4FFE61FD988DE8" box="[495,560,388,411]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FDF8FE61FD7A8DE8" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[600,722,388,411]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FDF8FE61FD7A8DE8" box="[600,722,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are missing and topotypic neotypification is difficult due to restricted access to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F32E92EAFFB1FFE5FECBFE21FE5A8DA8" box="[363,498,452,475]" name="North Korea" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">North Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, in particular to the sanctuary of the Ri dynasty mausoleum at Kyojo that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FD19FE01FEE28E68" author="Kobayashi, S." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="89 - 170" refId="ref22932" refString="Kobayashi, S. 1938. Earthworms of Korea I. Science Report of the Tohoku Imperial University 13 (2): 89 - 170." type="journal article" year="1938">Kobayashi (1938: 91)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
indicated may be the type-locality. Thus a pragmatic solution, pending full determination of the nominal taxon, is to describe new sub-species, such as the next three taxa, that are unambiguously identifiable on their DNA (Appendix,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1302CEFFFFB1FFE5FE15FD60FE5B8EEF" box="[437,499,645,668]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[180,219,516,539]" captionText="Fig. 1 shows DNA data for taxon identification and phylogenetic relationships (codes in Appendix)." pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B86D27AFFB1FFE5FF16FD40FC6E8E28" blockId="17.[159,764,259,1021]" lastBlockId="17.[824,1429,259,603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">
|
||
Blue and/or red coloured
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FE6FFD40FF7C8EAF" authority="Michaelsen, 1907" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FE6FFD40FDD98ECE" bold="true" box="[463,625,677,701]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Drawida willsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FDDAFD40FF7C8EAF" author="Michaelsen, W." pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="143 - 188" refId="ref23160" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Hamburg 24 (2): 143 - 188. (Available from: http: // www. biodiversity heritagelibrary. org / page / 10278554 # page / 173 / mode / 1 up)." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that is ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CC17F9FFFB1FFE5FEEBFD20FE3C8EAF" box="[331,404,709,732]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 mm</quantity>
|
||
long is a dominant earthworm in Indian crop fields and rice paddy, also widely distribut- ed as a vermicomposing species there and often used for ecotoxicology studies. [Note that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FDAAFCC3FD188F4E" authorityName="Hatai" authorityYear="1930" box="[522,688,806,829]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hattamimizu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FDAAFCC3FD188F4E" box="[522,688,806,829]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. hattamimizu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also reddish when subadult and dark bluish when mature]. It differs only in detail (e.g. spermathecal pores in ab-lines and longer spermathecal duct perhaps, with GMs in 9/10) and requires separation based on its DNA profile too. Gizzards in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FEBDFC23FEDD8FAE" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[285,373,966,989]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FEBDFC23FEDD8FAE" box="[285,373,966,989]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. willsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were said by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FDA6FC23FD5F8FAE" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[518,759,966,989]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="143 - 188" refId="ref23160" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1907. Neue Oligochaten von Vorder-Indien, Ceylon, Birma und den Andaman-Inseln. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten, Hamburg 24 (2): 143 - 188. (Available from: http: // www. biodiversity heritagelibrary. org / page / 10278554 # page / 173 / mode / 1 up)." type="journal article" year="1907">Michaelsen (1907: 145</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FF3FFC03FEA68F8E" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[159,270,998,1021]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="103 - 253" refId="ref23222" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1909. The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 1 (3): 103 - 253, pls, 13 - 14 [Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / memoirsofindia 119 0709 indi # page / 103 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1909">1909: 144</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) to occur in 13,14-15, but Gates (1945: 215) had 1,600 specimens with two to four gizzards in some of 12-16, as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FC7BFEC1FBFB8D48" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[987,1107,292,315]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FC7BFEC1FBFB8D48" box="[987,1107,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA8AF8BFFB1FFE5FBC2FEC6FAF08D49" author="Michaelsen, W." box="[1122,1368,291,314]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" pagination="103 - 253" refId="ref23222" refString="Michaelsen, W. 1909. The Oligochaeta of India, Nepal, Ceylon, Burma and the Andaman Islands. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta 1 (3): 103 - 253, pls, 13 - 14 [Available from: https: // archive. org / stream / memoirsofindia 119 0709 indi # page / 103 / mode / 2 up]." type="journal article" year="1909">Michaelsen (1909: 117</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 146) pointed out that it was similar, if not synonymous, to his earlier
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FC25FE81FBAE8D08" baseAuthorityName="Michaelsen" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[901,1030,356,379]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="japonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FC25FE81FBAE8D08" box="[901,1030,356,379]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. japonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that typically had gizzards in 12-13 only. Male pores in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FB81FE61FB288DE8" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1907" box="[1057,1152,388,411]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="willsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FB81FE61FB288DE8" box="[1057,1152,388,411]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. willsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in b-lines, spherical equally in 10 and 11 with a small conical porophore that may resemble that for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C39A9F9FFB1FFE5FB8CFE21FB0C8DA8" authorityName="Kobayashi" authorityYear="1938" box="[1068,1188,452,475]" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Moniligastrida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="koreana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94D0E68FFB1FFE5FB8CFE21FB0C8DA8" box="[1068,1188,452,475]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">D. koreana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but, unfortunately, no figure is available. Rudimentary male pores are also often present in 9/10 and thus it was thought a transitional species. Resolution of the relationship of these taxa requires further work.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |