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<mods:title id="7DDBE5EF3A39DE659E58FF569C83C96B">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AE25EBA005D73999B57C6DAF58C675E8">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D1EF7178F0E3BF14C5F51DA1BF39AB9F">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B20FF9BFF56F91CFEC4FEAA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640909" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B20FF9BFF56F91CFEC4FEAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B20FF9BFF56F91CFEC4FEAA" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B20FF9AFF56F91CFC74F930" box="[151,906,1765,1792]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B20FF9AFF56F91CFC74F930" blockId="54.[151,906,1765,1792]" box="[151,906,1765,1792]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B20FF9AFF56F91CFC74F930" bold="true" box="[151,906,1765,1792]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B20FF9AFF56F91CFC74F930" bold="true" box="[151,906,1765,1792]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B20FF9AFF56F91CFD03F930" authority="(Thomson &amp; Crane, 1909)" authorityName="Ramvilas &amp; Alderslade &amp; Ranjeet" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Thomson &amp; Crane" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[151,765,1765,1792]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellifera" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B20FF9AFF56F91CFE51F8CF" bold="true" box="[151,431,1765,1792]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Echinogorgia stellifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B20FF9AFE7FF91CFD0BF930" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[446,757,1765,1791]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A266663E7B20FF9AFCC4F91CFC74F930" box="[773,906,1765,1791]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" rank="species">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B20FF9AFF56F8D3FD9DF8B0" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B20FF9AFF56F8D3FD66F8AE" blockId="54.[151,1436,1834,1919]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B20FF9AFF56F8D3FD66F8AE" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B20FF9AFF56F8D3FD09F88D" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[151,759,1834,1858]" page="131" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B20FF9AFF56F8D3FD09F88D" ID-CoL="J4FG" authority="Thomson &amp; Crane, 1909: 130 - 131" authorityName="Thomson &amp; Crane" authorityPageNumber="130 - 131" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,759,1834,1858]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Astromuricea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B20FF9AFF56F8D3FE7DF88D" box="[151,387,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Astromuricea stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B20FF9AFE4BF8D3FD09F88D" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[394,759,1834,1858]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane, 1909: 130131</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. fig. 13 (Kiu, Beyt Harbour);
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B20FF9AFBA1F8D3FA62F88D" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[1120,1436,1834,1858]" page="364" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B20FF9AFBA1F8D3FA62F88D" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[1120,1436,1834,1858]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref108398" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909 a) Alcyonarians of the Gulf of Cutch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 3, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930908692591" type="journal article" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane 1909a: 364</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(same material);
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B20FF9AFEB2F8B1FD6AF8AE" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." box="[371,660,1864,1889]" page="29" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B20FF9AFEB2F8B1FD6AF8AE" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." box="[371,660,1864,1889]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="27 - 44" refId="ref99425" refString="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M. (2011) A revision of the genus Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Plexauridae). Zootaxa, 2995 (1), 27 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2995.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">Breedy &amp; Guzman 2011: 29</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B20FF9AFF56F891FD9DF8B0" blockId="54.[151,1436,1834,1919]" box="[151,611,1895,1919]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B20FF9AFF56F891FD9DF8B0" box="[151,611,1895,1919]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B20FF9AFF56F891FDA1F8B0" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[151,607,1895,1919]" page="234" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1924">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B20FF9AFF56F891FDA1F8B0" ID-CoL="3L9R7" authority="Kukenthal 1924: 234" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityPageNumber="234" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,607,1895,1919]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="stellifera">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B20FF9AFF56F891FE7EF8B0" box="[151,384,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Heterogorgia stellifera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B20FF9AFE47F89EFDA1F8B0" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[390,607,1895,1919]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" refId="ref103272" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich. Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin und Leipzig, xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924: 234</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B20FF9AFF56F854FD59F808" box="[151,679,1965,1992]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B20FF9AFF56F854FD59F808" blockId="54.[151,679,1965,1992]" box="[151,679,1965,1992]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Opinion: This species does occur in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B21FF9BFF56FF6EFEC4FEAA" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B21FF9BFF56FF6EFED7FF7E" blockId="55.[151,1436,151,357]" box="[151,297,151,177]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B21FF9BFF06FF42FEC4FEAA" blockId="55.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B21FF9BFF06FF42FE64FF1A" box="[199,410,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: This species, described from the region, was wrongly transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B21FF9BFAC7FF42FA62FF1B" authorityName=", Breedy &amp; Guzman" authorityYear="2011" box="[1286,1436,187,212]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Heterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B21FF9BFAC7FF42FA62FF1B" box="[1286,1436,187,212]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Heterogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Kükenthal in 1924, a genus that is confined to the eastern Pacific and the western Atlantic.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B21FF9BFB06FF26FF1FFED2" author="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="27 - 44" refId="ref99425" refString="Breedy, O. &amp; Guzman, H. M. (2011) A revision of the genus Heterogorgia Verrill, 1868 (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Plexauridae). Zootaxa, 2995 (1), 27 - 44. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2995.1.2" type="journal article" year="2011">Breedy &amp; Guzman (2011)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out the error and maintained the original name, but the few sclerites illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B21FF9BFAD3FEFAFED5FE8E" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane (1909)</bibRefCitation>
indicate it is a species of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B21FF9BFD89FEDEFD1FFE8E" box="[584,737,295,321]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B21FF9BFD89FEDEFD1FFE8E" box="[584,737,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Echinogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B21FF9BFD2FFEDEFBABFE8E" author="Venkataraman, K. &amp; Jeyabaskaran, R. &amp; Raghuram, K. P. &amp; Alfred, J. R. B." box="[750,1109,295,321]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="1 - 468" refId="ref109845" refString="Venkataraman, K., Jeyabaskaran, R., Raghuram, K. P. &amp; Alfred, J. R. B. (2004) Bibliography and checklist of corals and coral reef associated organisms of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Kolkatta, Occasional Paper, 226, 1 - 468." type="journal article" year="2004">
Venkataraman
<emphasis id="B955DB457B21FF9BFC54FEDEFC3BFE8E" box="[917,965,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
. (2004: 291)
</bibRefCitation>
just list the species under the original name.
</paragraph>
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