701 lines
84 KiB
XML
701 lines
84 KiB
XML
<document id="93D0E5F8105B08300FBD8736E9A1806C" ID-CLB-Dataset="38930" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4118.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a4e408c4-2575-4b5c-878b-e1b9010ec619" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="264597" ID-ZooBank="CFA586DA-10EE-468B-80EE-35351E3845FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1465242077321" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="C, Lees David" docDate="2016" docId="038747324C66C6431EB72E14FCDB240A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4118.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4118 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFBE3F4A4C76C6571E202D2DFFD32174" masterDocTitle="Heteropsis (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini: Mycalesina): 19 new species from Madagascar and interim revision" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698662715872" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="7A953A6F3CA30FA4EC68F5C34509F6B6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8D442923E3EF6279901D0E246D6528DE">
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<mods:title id="8B9AF3DA2F89D27E85FA0011B503A276">Heteropsis (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini: Mycalesina): 19 new species from Madagascar and interim revision</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C5319343303BA0607AC2CF2C8BB9754F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D033AD440A6104C04BB239030CC62081">C, Lees David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4DC5AFB615C315F106F3B6AD7C14B480">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2A62478BB8E0094D818EA95CDB1E6E87">
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<mods:date id="95331E4E1AF87F743FA5A55B6955A9C5">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="065C4D1C6F1D7DB18E03D69BCBD298D4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="95A7933EBFB62519AD08143CE0002A40">4118</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="43647F3B40C75A269E5C20D2014A0DEB" type="issue">
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<mods:classification id="A75BECD616631328149946F8099C08D8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="758F32C21D9888F930B8756DD5B3915F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4118.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038747324C66C6431EB72E14FCDB240A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6086414" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120817087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6086414" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038747324C66C6431EB72E14FCDB240A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038747324C66C6431EB72E14FCDB240A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EB72E14FBC62201" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EB72E14FCD92227" blockId="16.[151,1045,825,885]" box="[151,778,825,851]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<heading id="D0D941484C66C6471EB72E14FCD92227" bold="true" box="[151,778,825,851]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EB72E14FCD92227" bold="true" box="[151,778,825,851]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471EB72E14FD4C2227" authority="Lees & Raharitsimba" authorityName="Lees & Raharitsimba" box="[151,671,825,851]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EB72E14FE582227" bold="true" box="[151,395,825,851]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Heteropsis hazovola</emphasis>
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Lees & Raharitsimba
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269974D4C66C6471C8D2E14FCD92227" box="[685,778,825,851]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EB72E71FBC62201" blockId="16.[151,1045,825,885]" box="[151,1045,860,885]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:758D1560-AB02-44F5-B0B8-5AAA92715C2F</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EB72EB3FDBB22C3" box="[151,616,926,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EB72EB3FDBB22C3" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" box="[151,616,926,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EB72EB3FE8422C3" bold="true" box="[151,343,926,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Prior references</emphasis>
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||
: sp. 53 (
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C66C6471F982EB2FD8F22C3" author="Lees" box="[440,604,926,951]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refString="Lees, D. C. (1997) Systematics and biogeography of Madagascan mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of London, London, 411 pp." type="book" year="1997">Lees 1997: 65</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EE72EEFFBAA24E6" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE72EEFFDE5253E" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE72EEFFD2622AF" bold="true" box="[199,757,962,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<typeStatus id="549548864C66C6471EE72EEFFED122AF" box="[199,258,962,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
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||
material., Deposition
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471C3B2EEFFDA422AF" box="[539,631,962,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMNH</collectionCode>
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:
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||
<typeStatus id="549548864C66C6471CA82EEFFD2622AF" box="[648,757,962,987]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
: ♂ (
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<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C66C6471D142EEFFCAE22AF" box="[820,893,962,987]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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A),
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<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471D8D2EEFFBE722AF" box="[941,1076,962,987]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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NE, Ambery R., Masoala E.,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471EB72EC4FED92576" box="[151,266,998,1026]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="5" value="-15.3743">15.3743o S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471F3A2EC4FE532575" box="[282,384,998,1026]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="55" value="50.417">50.417o E</geoCoordinate>
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+/-
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<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471F952EC4FDC42576" box="[437,535,1001,1026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="0.15">0.15 km</quantity>
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,
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<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471C052EC7FDA22575" box="[549,625,1002,1026]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
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||
, W2L3-100 M 12HI [fruit trap],
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<date id="FF90D0E44C66C6471DD42EC7FBA72576" box="[1012,1140,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-12-20">20/12/1993</date>
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, H. Raharitsimba:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471B712EC7FAAA2576" box="[1361,1401,1002,1026]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
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93- 0 0 0 2, KAP19 [=KA-P19;
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471FF52923FDC12552" box="[469,530,1038,1062]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
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voucher]|IA300 [isotope analysis voucher],
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471A0C2920FB572552" box="[1068,1156,1037,1062]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMAD</collectionCode>
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229-15 [
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471AC52923FAF62552" box="[1253,1317,1038,1062]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
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barcode],
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471EB7291CFED3253E" box="[151,256,1073,1098]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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010289116 [
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<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471FAB291FFE15253E" box="[395,454,1074,1098]" name="Qatar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">QTR</collectingCountry>
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barcode].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE72978FBAA24E6" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE72978FEEC251A" bold="true" box="[199,319,1109,1134]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus id="549548864C66C6471EE72978FEEC251A" box="[199,319,1109,1134]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
: ♂, same data as HT but Hi12 [fruit trap], H. Raharitsimba and D.C. Lees:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471AE0297BFB3B251A" box="[1216,1256,1110,1134]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
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93-0003, IA614 [isotope analysis],
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471F492954FE0125E5" box="[361,466,1145,1169]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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010289117 [
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<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471C7D2954FD4B25E5" box="[605,664,1145,1169]" name="Qatar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">QTR</collectingCountry>
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barcode]; ♀ (
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<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C66C6471D142955FCAB25E5" box="[820,888,1144,1169]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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B),
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<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471DBF2955FBF525E5" box="[927,1062,1144,1169]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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NE, Antsamanarana R., Masoala E., [
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<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471EE429B2FEEF25C3" box="[196,316,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="285.0" valueMax="520.0" valueMin="50.0">50–520 m</quantity>
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],
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471F8729B2FE2D25C3" box="[423,510,1180,1208]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="555" value="50.23">50.23o E</geoCoordinate>
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+/-
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<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471C0E29B2FD5E25CC" box="[558,653,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="0.15">0.15 km</quantity>
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,
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<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471CB929B2FD3125C3" box="[665,738,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="250.0">250 m</quantity>
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,
|
||
<date id="FF90D0E44C66C6471CCF29B2FCBD25C3" box="[751,878,1183,1207]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-12-11">11/12/1993</date>
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||
, H. Raharitsimba, D.C. Lees:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471AE329B2FB3825C3" box="[1219,1259,1183,1207]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
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93-0001, IA301 [isotope analysis voucher],
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471FEC29EFFDF725AF" box="[460,548,1218,1243]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMAD</collectionCode>
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228-15 [
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<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471C5C29EEFD6F25AF" box="[636,700,1219,1243]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
barcode voucher], KA2054 [=KA-P2054;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471ABE29EEFB0825AF" box="[1182,1243,1219,1243]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
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extract number];
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471EB729C4FED22475" box="[151,257,1257,1281]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
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010289118 [
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<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471FB229C4FE1E2475" box="[402,461,1257,1281]" name="Qatar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">QTR</collectingCountry>
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barcode]; ♂, NE, Antsamananarana W2L
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471DEC29C4FBED2474" box="[972,1086,1256,1281]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="2520.0">
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2,
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<specimenCount id="9D283DAD4C66C6471DCD29C5FBED2474" box="[1005,1086,1256,1281]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">520 m</specimenCount>
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</quantity>
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. 9 hi [fruit trap],
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||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471B0329C5FA452475" box="[1315,1430,1253,1281]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="5" value="-15.2867">15.2867o S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471EB72822FED92453" box="[151,266,1292,1320]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="5" value="50.2184">50.2184o E</geoCoordinate>
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+/-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471F662822FE78245C" box="[326,427,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="0.15">0.15 km</quantity>
|
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,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471F9C2822FDB02453" box="[444,611,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="520.0" valueMax="570.0" valueMin="470.0">520 +/- 50 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF90D0E44C66C6471C552822FD3A2453" box="[629,745,1295,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1993-12-09">9/12/1993</date>
|
||
, 16:24, D.C. Lees:
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||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471DFC2822FBD72453" box="[988,1028,1295,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
|
||
93-0018;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471A532822FB4A2453" box="[1139,1177,1295,1319]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
|
||
9719 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471AC4283DFAF7245C" box="[1252,1316,1296,1320]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
voucher],
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471EB7281EFF3D243F" box="[151,238,1331,1355]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(E) #697866 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471FB2281EFE01243F" box="[402,466,1331,1355]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
voucher; cytochrome b], IA302 [isotope voucher],
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471A60281FFB44243F" box="[1088,1175,1330,1355]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">BMAD</collectionCode>
|
||
230-15 [
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471AD7281EFAE4243F" box="[1271,1335,1331,1355]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
barcode voucher], KA2053 [=KA-P2053;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471C34287AFD82241B" box="[532,593,1367,1391]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
extract number]; ♂ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C66C6471D60287BFC50241B" box="[832,899,1366,1391]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1641,1663]" captionTargetBox="[259,1327,202,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[234,1353,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 5. ♂ genitalia in LV (left), DV (right). A: ♂ genitalia of Heteropsis mimetica (Anjanaharibe Sud; 278 DL, CK 529). B: ♂ genitalia of PT of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289179, 26 DL). C: ♂ genitalia of Ht. alaokola, stat. rev. (Fianarantsoa; 146 DL). Scale bar: 3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264602/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B), data as above but: 17:02, D.C. Lees:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471B72287AFAA9241B" box="[1362,1402,1367,1391]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
|
||
93- 0017; 26
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471ED92854FECC24E6" box="[249,287,1401,1426]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DL</collectionCode>
|
||
[genitalia]; DCLW-0086 [wing prep.];
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3F6EE14C66C6471CF82857FC9124E6" box="[728,834,1402,1426]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
010289179 [
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471DED2857FBDB24E6" box="[973,1032,1402,1426]" name="Qatar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">QTR</collectingCountry>
|
||
barcode].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EE728B1FC9024C1" box="[199,835,1436,1461]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE728B1FC9024C1" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" box="[199,835,1436,1461]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE728B1FE6D24C1" bold="true" box="[199,446,1436,1461]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Deposition summary</emphasis>
|
||
: BMNH (HT ♂, 3 PT ♂♂, PT ♀).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EE728EEFAC224AF" box="[199,1297,1472,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE728EEFAC224AF" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" box="[199,1297,1472,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE728EEFEB624A8" bold="true" box="[199,357,1475,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus id="549548864C66C6471EE728EEFED124A8" box="[199,258,1475,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C66C6471F4C28EEFE2024A8" box="[364,499,1475,1500]" name="Madagascar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
NE, Masoala E., Ambery R.,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471D6428EEFC6424A8" box="[836,951,1472,1500]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="5" value="-15.3743">15.3743o S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C66C6471DE428EEFBF924AF" box="[964,1066,1472,1500]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" precision="55" value="50.417">50.417o E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
+/-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471A7928EEFB6B24A8" box="[1113,1208,1475,1500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="km" value="0.15">0.15 km</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D283DAD4C66C6471AE328E9FAC224AF" box="[1219,1297,1476,1500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C66C6471AE328E9FADE24AF" box="[1219,1293,1476,1500]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6471EE728CBFD6D2615" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE728CBFD6D2615" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE728CBFE92248B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1510,1535]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
this species has rather short and less pointed HW tails compared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471A6F28C5FB08248B" box="[1103,1243,1510,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471A6F28C5FB08248B" box="[1103,1243,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471B3028C5FA46248B" box="[1296,1429,1510,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471B3028C5FA46248B" box="[1296,1429,1510,1535]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but not quite as short as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471F832B26FDF52757" box="[419,550,1546,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471F832B26FDF52757" box="[419,550,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. ♂♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471CA12B26FCDC2757" box="[641,783,1546,1571]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471CA12B26FCDC2757" box="[641,783,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a dense black latero-ventral androconial patch on the abdominal sternum, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471FC52B03FDA72732" box="[485,628,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471FC52B03FDA72732" box="[485,628,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471C8E2B03FCE02732" box="[686,819,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471C8E2B03FCE02732" box="[686,819,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(particularly similar superficially) lack obvious black ventral abdominal scales in the ♂. Ventral wing pattern is very similar to other species in the group including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471B592B7FFF2A27F9" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471B592B7FFF2A27F9" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471F2D2B5BFE7127F9" box="[269,418,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471F2D2B5BFE7127F9" box="[269,418,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and to a lesser extent,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471CEC2B5BFC8B27F9" box="[716,856,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471CEC2B5BFC8B27F9" box="[716,856,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471DBA2B5BFBF027F9" box="[922,1059,1652,1677]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471DBA2B5BFBF027F9" box="[922,1059,1652,1677]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; a violet-lilac cast is, however, particularly prominent in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549548864C66C6471FC22BB4FDC127C5" box="[482,530,1689,1713]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471CA12BB4FCCA27C5" box="[641,793,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471CA12BB4FCC627C5" box="[641,789,1688,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">Ht. hazovola</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
On the dorsum, in fresh specimens,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471A982BB4FA9627C5" box="[1208,1349,1688,1713]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471A982BB4FA9627C5" box="[1208,1349,1688,1713]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the darkest wing colouration of these species, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471CD42B90FC5727A0" box="[756,900,1723,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471CD42B90FC5727A0" box="[756,900,1723,1748]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the dorsal wing background colour tends to be reddish brown.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471F6D2BCDFE0B278C" box="[333,472,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471F6D2BCDFE0B278C" box="[333,472,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has an even lighter mid-brown dorsal colour than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471A102BCDFB10278C" box="[1072,1219,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471A102BCDFB10278C" box="[1072,1219,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but generally has space-M3 ocellus HWD strongly expressed in the ♂.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471CCD2A2EFCAF266F" box="[749,892,1794,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471CCD2A2EFCAF266F" box="[749,892,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471A282A2EFB58266F" box="[1032,1163,1794,1819]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471A282A2EFB58266F" box="[1032,1163,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a particularly wide dark costal area on the FWD. ♀♀ are hard to tell apart among the three longer tailed species referred to. The tails are slightly more pointed than typical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471C142A67FD642616" box="[564,695,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471C142A67FD642616" box="[564,695,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C66C6461EE72A41FED92687" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C66C6471EE72A41FA4F269B" blockId="16.[151,1436,926,2032]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471EE72A41FE6526F1" bold="true" box="[199,438,1900,1925]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description. Wings.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal surface smoky brown along costad third of FW to fairly uniform dull reddish brown on the rest of the wings (among described species. only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C66C6471D412ABCFC3726DD" box="[865,996,1936,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471D412ABCFC3726DD" box="[865,996,1936,1961]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a darker FWD margin). HWD this uniform dull reddish brown colour with a dark brown double Sml, the outermost darkest and more distinct. HW strongly tailed at vein extremities, prominently so at the end of vein M3; tails not quite as pointed as in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C66C6471B592AF5FA4F269B" box="[1401,1436,2008,2031]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ht.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C67C6461EB72DBAFD922553" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461EB72DBAFF2A21C4" box="[151,249,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461EB72DBAFF2A21C4" box="[151,249,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, more similar to the configuration in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461CBD2DB4FCF321C4" box="[669,800,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461CBD2DB4FCF321C4" box="[669,800,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
where they are relatively short. FW space-CuA1 ocellus weakly expressed. FWD space-M1 ocellus not expressed and even HWD space-M3 ocellus not expressed. The underside background has a strong dark lilac-grey cast. FWV space-CuA1 ocellus expressed as on upperside its black iris nearly spanning veins CuA1-CuA2, but is more strongly marked, as also for the FWV space-M1 ocellus whose black iris also spans the separation of veins M1-M2 and is similarly surrounded by a dull orange Omg, more or less concentric, or slightly wider tergad in the case of that of space-CuA1. On HWV, space-Rs, M3 and CuA1 ocelli are expressed to the greatest and roughly equal extent, and are subelliptic, followed by much smaller ones in space-M1-M2 and CuA2 and 1A; space-Rs-CuA1 ocelli fall in a separate more proximad arc to those of space- CuA2-1A, as typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461F972C98FD8320B8" box="[439,592,435,460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Smithia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461F972C98FD8320B8" box="[439,592,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ rest of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461CD22C98FC5020B8" box="[754,899,435,460]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461CD22C98FC5020B8" box="[754,899,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. antahala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group. Highly irrorated pattern of dark brown strigulae and yellow flecks on a lilac-washed light brown background, but the lilac wash is only strongly evident in the HT and one of the PT ♂♂, and to a lesser extent in the PT ♀, which has a generally lighter greyer-brown colouration on either surface. A striking pattern of ventral irrorations (dark strigulae) which are most finely divided proximad of the jagged dark brown Mb, but continue distad of it in both wings except around the ocelli. The very thick Mb is sharply inflexed around the CuA1 ocelli in both wings, quite jagged, strongly concave in space-M3- CuA1, and again in space-1A, fairly straight to mid costa from just below vein M3. FWV Mb forms an angle distad near vein M2, and there is another dark FWV band slightly proximad but along the irroration, the PMb is not distinct in either wing. There is a prominent yellow patch (highlight) at the base of space-M2 just distad of the Mb. Such underside patterns are not particularly special for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461CDF2FD9FC5D2278" box="[767,910,755,780]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461CDF2FD9FC5D2278" box="[767,910,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: in particular,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461A0F2FD9FB682278" box="[1071,1211,755,780]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461A0F2FD9FB682278" box="[1071,1211,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461AD12FD9FAA02278" box="[1265,1395,755,780]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461AD12FD9FAA02278" box="[1265,1395,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar and confusable ventrally, but the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549548864C67C6461CBA2E3AFD19225B" box="[666,714,791,815]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461D732E3AFC31225B" box="[851,994,790,815]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461D732E3AFC31225B" box="[851,994,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
seems more deeply washed with violet colour.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461ECB2E14FEB22226" bold="true" box="[235,353,825,850]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
No ocellus expression on ♂ HWD, neither in the HT nor PT ♂♂, except for M3 slightly in one ♂ PT, while the ♀ PT has ocelli expressed in CuA1, and to a much lesser extent in CuA2. However all the known specimens were taken over a few days in mid December into the start of the wet season, so seasonal variation cannot be quantified. ♀ larger, FWD space-CuA1 ocellus much more strongly expressed in ♀ and HWD space-M3 ocellus expressed along with that of space-CuA1 and most weakly that in space-M
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C67C6461A7C2EE5FB5A2294" box="[1116,1161,967,992]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
the ♀ PT. ♀ PT HWV ocellus expression similar to the ♂ HT but larger, except that that of space-Rs is lacking. The HWV Mb is more smoothly irregular in the ♀ specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C67C6461EE7291FFC00251B" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461EE7291FFEBF253F" bold="true" box="[199,364,1074,1099]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Wingspan/fwl</emphasis>
|
||
: range 42.7–43.6/
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C67C6461C1D291FFD31253E" box="[573,738,1074,1099]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.375" metricValueMax="2.4899999999999998" metricValueMin="2.26" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="23.75" valueMax="24.9" valueMin="22.6">22.6–24.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=3 ♂♂); mean= 43.3 +/- 0.52 SD (n=4 ♂♂)/23.1 +/- 0.45 SD mm (n=4 ♂♂) including HT♂, 42.7/
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C67C6461C7D297AFD17251A" box="[605,708,1111,1135]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4899999999999998" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="24.9">24.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. 44.8/
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C67C6461D27297BFCB8251A" box="[775,875,1110,1135]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="25.4">25.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n=1 ♀).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C67C6461EE72957FE1724C6" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461EE72957FE8725E7" bold="true" box="[199,340,1146,1171]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Androconia</emphasis>
|
||
: dark brown/blackish Sdbp (supra-discocellular brush and patch). There is no patch on the FWV, nor indeed in any of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461F9429B2FD9725C3" box="[436,580,1182,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461F9429B2FD9725C3" box="[436,580,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. antahala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group (the black spot in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C67C6461D4729B3FC7F25C3" box="[871,940,1182,1207]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A, right, FWV, is a broken wing fragment). Blackish brush emanating near base of space-CuA1, as usual for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461DB629EEFBFC25AF" box="[918,1071,1218,1243]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Smithia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461DB629EEFBFC25AF" box="[918,1071,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(very weakly expressed) +
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461B5929EEFF28258B" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461B5929EEFF28258B" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. antahala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group, over reflexed veins 1A+2A + 3A, and potentially contacting a broad and conspicuous black androconial scale area covering abdominal tergites approximately A3-A6 (not evident though in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461ADC2826FA462457" box="[1276,1429,1290,1315]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Smithia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paradoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461ADC2826FA462457" box="[1276,1429,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. paradoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, despite a weakly developed hindwing brush arising in the cubital region), that is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461ABF2802FAFC2433" box="[1183,1327,1326,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461ABF2802FAFC2433" box="[1183,1327,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C67C6461B1F2803FA502433" box="[1343,1411,1326,1351]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
C, PT ♂) but not evident in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461F8D287EFDE3241F" box="[429,560,1362,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461F8D287EFDE3241F" box="[429,560,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C67C6461C1F287FFD51241E" box="[575,642,1362,1387]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D, LT ♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461D23287EFC53241F" box="[771,896,1362,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461D23287EFC53241F" box="[771,896,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and indeed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461A0D287EFB68241F" box="[1069,1211,1362,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461A0D287EFB68241F" box="[1069,1211,1362,1387]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it is more extensive and obvious than in others of the group that exhibit ventral blackish androconial scales, namely
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461AC2285AFF2824C7" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461AC2285AFABF24FB" box="[1250,1388,1398,1423]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">Ht. mabillei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461B59285AFF2824C7" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">Ht. antahala</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461F1028B6FE1724C6" box="[304,452,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461F1028B6FE1224C6" box="[304,449,1435,1458]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masoura">Ht. masoura</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C67C6461EE72893FB7F276A" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461EE72893FEDB24A3" bold="true" box="[199,264,1470,1495]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Palps</emphasis>
|
||
: penultimate segment from LV, with wide dark grey stripe in middle, elegant cream stripes towards the eyeward edge and on ventral side, and dark brown fringes on borders. There is thus only one cream stripe from LV (the second if evident is very thin), rather than the usual two in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461D7D2B2AFC30276B" box="[861,995,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461D7D2B2AFC30276B" box="[861,995,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461A3A2B2AFB75276B" box="[1050,1190,1542,1567]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461A3A2B2AFB75276B" box="[1050,1190,1542,1567]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C67C6461EE72B07FED92687" blockId="17.[151,1437,151,2035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461EE72B07FE992737" bold="true" box="[199,330,1578,1603]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">♂ genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
: 26DL (PT,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C67C6461FF82B07FDC92737" box="[472,538,1578,1603]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1641,1663]" captionTargetBox="[259,1327,202,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[234,1353,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 5. ♂ genitalia in LV (left), DV (right). A: ♂ genitalia of Heteropsis mimetica (Anjanaharibe Sud; 278 DL, CK 529). B: ♂ genitalia of PT of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289179, 26 DL). C: ♂ genitalia of Ht. alaokola, stat. rev. (Fianarantsoa; 146 DL). Scale bar: 3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264602/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B, LV, DV): tegumen shallowly domed from LV (wide concave proximad notch from DV), with strong brow, tegumen much longer than sickle-shaped uncus with strong ventrad ‘dewlap’-like cusp and angularly raised ‘head’ (characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461CFB2B5EFCB827FF" box="[731,875,1650,1675]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461CFB2B5EFCB827FF" box="[731,875,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. antahala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group), leading to hook with fairly straight edge (uncus is narrow to hook from DV). Gnathos from small base, sinuate and tapering from LV, uprecurved at pointed tip, very narrow and slightly sinuate with a fairly square frame from DV. There is a fairly narrow waist along division with strongly arched vinculum that also broadens towards the saccus, and ‘shoulder’ at valve base also enlarged and convexly round in other direction, fused with narrow base of valve which is long and fairly evenly thin. Much longer valve than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461FDD2A0AFD53264B" box="[509,640,1830,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461FDD2A0AFD53264B" box="[509,640,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in particular (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C67C6461D3D2A0AFC1D264B" author="Lees" box="[797,974,1830,1855]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refString="Lees, D. C. (1997) Systematics and biogeography of Madagascan mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of London, London, 411 pp." type="book" year="1997">Lees 1997: 105</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), protruding well beyond uncus tip at tip, slightly inbent towards midline with a short infacing spine, and a few serrae mesad towards tip (unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C67C6461B592A66FF2A26F3" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C67C6461B592A66FF2A26F3" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 146DL, Fianarantsoa, illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C67C6461CBC2A43FD0C26F3" box="[668,735,1902,1927]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1641,1663]" captionTargetBox="[259,1327,202,1604]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[234,1353,193,1619]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 5. ♂ genitalia in LV (left), DV (right). A: ♂ genitalia of Heteropsis mimetica (Anjanaharibe Sud; 278 DL, CK 529). B: ♂ genitalia of PT of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289179, 26 DL). C: ♂ genitalia of Ht. alaokola, stat. rev. (Fianarantsoa; 146 DL). Scale bar: 3 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264602/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
C, which has a large number of teeth along the inside edge of the valves). Saccus strongly uprecurved, inflated towards tip. Aedeagus almost the same length as valves, slightly uprecurved towards blunt distal end, and broadening towards a cup-like ostium. Juxta narrow, not prominent proximad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF51A6AC4C64C6451EB72A42FA442695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" targetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" targetPageId="18">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C64C6451EB72A42FA442695" blockId="18.[151,1437,1903,2017]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451EB72A42FEC126F0" bold="true" box="[151,274,1903,1925]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated.
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451D6B2A42FC8E26F0" bold="true" box="[843,861,1903,1924]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">A</emphasis>
|
||
: HT ♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451DE62A5DFAA726F1" authority="Lees & Raharitsimba" authorityName="Lees & Raharitsimba" box="[966,1396,1903,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451DE62A5DFB4626F1" box="[966,1173,1903,1925]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Heteropsis hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
Lees & Raharitsimba
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269974D4C64C6451B5D2A42FF1026D7" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451B5D2A42FF1026D7" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Masoala; NHMUK010289116).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451C3D2AA3FDFD26D7" bold="true" box="[541,558,1934,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">B</emphasis>
|
||
: PT ♀ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451CB82AA2FCC826D7" box="[664,795,1933,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451CB82AA2FCC826D7" box="[664,795,1933,1956]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Masoala; NHMUK010289118).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451A542AA0FB5526D7" bold="true" box="[1140,1158,1933,1955]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">C</emphasis>
|
||
: Abdomen of HT ♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451B5C2AA2FF2026B6" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451B5C2AA2FF2026B6" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(VV, left).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451F532A81FE5F26B5" bold="true" box="[371,396,1964,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Abdomen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451C042A81FD3726B6" box="[548,740,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451C042A81FD3726B6" box="[548,740,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mycalesis ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
LT ♂ (VV, right).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451D982A81FC1A26B5" bold="true" box="[952,969,1964,1985]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">E</emphasis>
|
||
: LT ♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451A1F2A81FA4F26B6" authority="Mabille, 1878" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1878" box="[1087,1436,1964,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451A1F2A81FB2C26B6" box="[1087,1279,1964,1986]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mycalesis ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
Mabille, 1878
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Madagascar; BMHH(E) 672615).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451FDA2AE6FDDA2694" bold="true" box="[506,521,1995,2016]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">F</emphasis>
|
||
: PLT ♀ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C64C6451C5D2AE1FD3D2695" box="[637,750,1995,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C64C6451C5D2AE1FD3D2695" box="[637,750,1995,2017]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">M. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMNH(E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C–D with separate scale).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF51A6AC4C65C6441EB72B44FDE427C8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264602/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" targetBox="[259,1327,202,1604]" targetPageId="19">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C65C6441EB72B44FDE427C8" blockId="19.[151,1436,1641,1724]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441EB72B44FEC1270A" bold="true" box="[151,274,1641,1663]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
♂ genitalia in LV (left), DV (right).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441CA22B44FD47270A" bold="true" box="[642,660,1641,1662]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">A</emphasis>
|
||
: ♂ genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C65C6441D122B47FBD1270B" box="[818,1026,1642,1663]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimetica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441D122B47FBD1270B" box="[818,1026,1642,1663]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Heteropsis mimetica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Anjanaharibe Sud; 278DL, CK529).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441BA42B44FA46270A" bold="true" box="[1412,1429,1641,1662]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">B</emphasis>
|
||
: ♂ genitalia of PT of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C65C6441FAC2BA4FDC627E9" box="[396,533,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441FAC2BA4FDC627E9" box="[396,533,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Masoala; NHMUK010289179, 26DL).
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441DF12BAAFC3027E9" bold="true" box="[977,995,1671,1693]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C</emphasis>
|
||
: ♂ genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C65C6441A802BA4FAF627E9" box="[1184,1317,1671,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola" status="stat. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441A802BA4FAF627E9" box="[1184,1317,1671,1694]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A269974D4C65C6441B192BA5FA4827E9" box="[1337,1435,1672,1693]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441B192BA5FA4827E9" bold="true" box="[1337,1435,1672,1693]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">stat. rev.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Fianarantsoa; 146DL). Scale bar: 3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C65C6441EE72BC5FCE426E4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C65C6441EE72BC5FCE426E4" blockId="19.[151,1437,1768,2009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441EE72BC5FE9D2675" bold="true" box="[199,334,1768,1793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
From
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441FB72BC5FE732675" bold="true" box="[407,416,1768,1793]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">‘</emphasis>
|
||
hazovola’ (Money Wood in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C65C6441CF92BC5FC942675" box="[729,839,1768,1793]" name="Madagascar" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, vernacular name for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C65C6441A192BC5FB782675" box="[1081,1195,1768,1793]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalbergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441A192BC5FB782675" box="[1081,1195,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Dalbergia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
L. spp., ‘palissandre’ or ‘bois de rose’) is an ironic reference to the rosewood plundering and resulting degradation of the primary forest of Masoala National Park, in particular, to which this new species is apparent endemic, that has been brazingly allowed to take place since the coup in 2009, and still apparently continues following the installation of a democratically elected government in a clandestine manner.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C65C6431EE72AB1FE36222B" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C65C6431EE72AB1FE432348" blockId="19.[151,1437,1768,2009]" lastBlockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C65C6441EE72AB1FE9F26C1" bold="true" box="[199,332,1948,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
This species was first collected in the field by DCL and Heritiana Raharitsimba on
|
||
<date id="FF90D0E44C65C6441ACF2AB0FAB226C1" box="[1263,1377,1949,1973]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1993-12-09">9/12/1993</date>
|
||
at R. Antsamanarana, in the survey of the area that would become Masoala National Park (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C65C6441A782AECFAD026AD" author="Lees" box="[1112,1283,1984,2009]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" refString="Lees, D. C. (1997) Systematics and biogeography of Madagascan mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of London, London, 411 pp." type="book" year="1997">Lees, 1997: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). All relevant
|
||
<typeStatus id="549548864C62C6431EB72DB5FF0121C4" box="[151,210,152,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">types</typeStatus>
|
||
in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431F3F2DB4FE7E21C4" box="[287,429,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antahala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431F3F2DB4FE7E21C4" box="[287,429,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. antahala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group were examined and are clearly distinct (HT of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431A272DBAFAC821C4" authority="Butler" authorityName="Butler" box="[1031,1307,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431A272DBAFB1D21C4" box="[1031,1230,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Strabena mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
Butler
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and four ♂ and two ♀ STs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431F7F2D91FD0221A0" authority="Mabille, 1878" authorityName="Mabille" authorityYear="1878" box="[351,721,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431F7F2D91FDFD21A1" box="[351,558,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mycalesis ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C62C6431C142D91FD0221A0" author="Mabille" box="[564,721,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Mabille, P. (1878) Lepidoptera Africana. Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 3, 81 - 95." type="journal article" year="1878">
|
||
Mabille,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C62C6431CB92D91FD0221A0" box="[665,721,188,212]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77012" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="in" value="1878.0">1878</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in BMNH, plus an additional ST in MNHN ex Chris Ward from the Galichon collection, DCL-DB-2982). A LT has already been designated for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431A2E2DF2FB33218C" box="[1038,1248,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431A2E2DF2FB33218C" box="[1038,1248,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Gallienia alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), and as there is more possibility for confusion in this group, it is necessary to select another LT. The ♂ LT of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431B0C2C29FF232034" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431B0C2C29FF232034" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mycalesis ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is here designated as that illustrated here,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C62C6431CF52C0AFCCB2034" box="[725,792,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
D–E (there are several very similar STs but it is possible this is also the ♂ illustrated in Pl. 6
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C62C6431C162C61FD5F2010" box="[566,652,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="37.[151,250,1177,1199]" captionTargetBox="[264,1363,233,1142]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[212,1379,190,1160]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 11. ♂ genitalia in LV (left), DV (right). A: ♂ genitalia of Heteropsis westwoodi Lees, sp. nov. (Antanandava, Andohahela; 236 DL). B: Ht. pauliani, ♂ genitalia, PT ♂ (Tsaratanana; 97 DL)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264608/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C62C6431CB92C61FD662010" box="[665,693,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1007,1029]" captionTargetBox="[242,1351,208,982]" captionTargetId="figure@44.[212,1370,177,1004]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 12. Diagrams of ♂ HW inflated vein system in the Ht. subsimilis group (modified after Lees, 1997: 96); wings in DV and R vein component on the anterior border of the cell in VV (flipped). A: Ht. pauper Oberthür, 1916 (Ankazomivady; “ H. 23 ” in Torres et al., 2001). B: Ht. pauper (Anjanaharibe Sud). C: Ht. kremenae Lees, sp. nov. (Masoala). D: Ht. subsimilis (Butler, 1878) (Ambohitantely), showing M 1 + M 2 inflation and asymmetric swelling above cell. E: Ht. avaratra Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. (Montagne d’Ambre). No wing preparation was available for Ht. sogai." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264609/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">12</figureCitation>
|
||
of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C62C6431CFE2C61FC582011" author="Mabille" box="[734,907,332,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Mabille, P. (1885 - 1887) Histoire, Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar. Vol. 18 - 19. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 364 pp., 55 pls. [Grandidier, A. [1885 - 1887] (Ed.)] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 1599" type="book chapter" year="1885">Mabille [1885]</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), bearing the labels “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431A5D2C61FB0B2011" box="[1149,1240,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">ankoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
♂ [apparently in Mabille’s handwriting; no other ♂ bears this label]|
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F339B6B44C62C6431CEE2C42FC8F20FC" box="[718,860,367,392]" name="Madagascar" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
|Ex Musaeo P. Mabille 1923|Ex Oberthür Coll. Brit. Bus. 1927-3”|BMHH(E) 672615. The apex to apex dimension of this specimen is
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C62C6431A0C2CB9FBAE20D8" box="[1068,1149,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 mm</quantity>
|
||
, exactly as mentioned for wingspan in Mabille’s ([1885]) redescription, so it is likely he had this specimen at hand during the original description. A ♀ PLT of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431F8F2CF0FDFD2081" box="[431,558,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431F8F2CF0FDFD2081" box="[431,558,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Grose-Smith collection (BMNH(E) 672618) is illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C62C6431B662CF1FA5B2080" box="[1350,1416,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1903,1925]" captionTargetBox="[266,1320,200,1853]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[253,1332,193,1866]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adults in DV (left), VV (right) unless otherwise stated. A: HT ♂ of Heteropsis hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. (Masoala; NHMUK 010289116). B: PT ♀ of Ht. hazovola (Masoala; NHMUK 010289118). C: Abdomen of HT ♂ of Ht. hazovola (VV, left). D. Abdomen of Mycalesis ankoma LT ♂ (VV, right). E: LT ♂ of Mycalesis ankoma Mabille, 1878 (Madagascar; BMHH (E) 672615). F: PLT ♀ of M. ankoma (BMNH (E) 672618). Scale bar: 30 mm (C – D with separate scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264601/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D283DAD4C62C6431B5A2CF1FA5B2080" box="[1402,1416,476,500]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">4</specimenCount>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
F.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431EB72F2CFEF5236C" box="[151,294,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EB72F2CFEF5236C" box="[151,294,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
now constitutes the first described butterfly species apparently endemic to the Masoala National Park (Kremen
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431F212F08FEE92349" box="[257,314,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE72F6AFE36222B" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE72F6AFD352314" bold="true" box="[199,742,583,608]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Additional information. DNA divergences</emphasis>
|
||
: COI-5P cluster number BOLD:ACW4994 (exemplars BMAD228-15 to BMAD230-15 from Masoala), 5.02% divergent to a still undescribed species (BMAD147-15, DL95-0005, Vohitraseva) which is in turn about 2–2.4% divergent to other members, whether conspecific or not, of cluster BOLD:ACW4938.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431FE82F98FD8923B9" box="[456,602,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431FE82F98FD8923B9" box="[456,602,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears more closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431DF22F98FB8923B9" box="[978,1114,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Strabena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mabillei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431DF22F98FB8923B9" box="[978,1114,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. mabillei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in fact than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431B2D2F98FA4F23B9" box="[1293,1436,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431B2D2F98FA4F23B9" box="[1293,1436,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above regarding the shallow divergence of exemplars in Aduse-Poku
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431A2D2FF4FB982384" box="[1037,1099,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010) but only 140 bp are currently available (BMAD131-15, DL14M0-0003, Anjozorobe, for which there is a G rather than A or T in the 517th nucleotide position) and this stretch is 3.1% divergent from the barcode of the HT ♂ of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431B272E09FA4F224F" box="[1287,1436,802,827]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431B272E09FA4F224F" box="[1287,1436,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMAD229-15, DL93-0002).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C62C6431EE72E47FE04250B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE72E47FC5422BF" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE72E47FE3622F7" bold="true" box="[199,485,874,899]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phylogeny/sister species</emphasis>
|
||
: the sister taxon of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431CE62E41FC8522F7" box="[710,854,874,899]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Heteropsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hazovola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431CE62E41FC8522F7" box="[710,854,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. hazovola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as “sp. 53”) was unresolved in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C62C6431AE62E46FA8322F7" author="Lees" box="[1222,1360,875,899]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Lees, D. C. (1997) Systematics and biogeography of Madagascan mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of London, London, 411 pp." type="book" year="1997">Lees (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but at least one character suggested a relationship with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431CE72EBDFC9F22D3" box="[711,844,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431CE72EBDFC9F22D3" box="[711,844,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431DA52EBDFBC022D3" box="[901,1043,910,935]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Gallienia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alaokola">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431DA52EBDFBC022D3" box="[901,1043,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. alaokola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(“sp. 56”;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C62C6431AB32EBDFADE22D3" author="Lees" box="[1171,1293,911,935]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Lees, D. C. (1997) Systematics and biogeography of Madagascan mycalesine butterflies (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). Unpubl. PhD thesis, University of London, London, 411 pp." type="book" year="1997">Lees 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 168). Sister taxon supported as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2E8DA74C62C6431F502E99FE2022BF" box="[368,499,946,971]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Mycalesis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ankoma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431F502E99FE2022BF" box="[368,499,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ht. ankoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBF8BD54C62C6431C212E9FFCC622BF" author="Aduse-Poku" box="[513,789,946,971]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refString="Aduse-Poku, K., Lees, D. C., Brattstrom, O., Kodandaramaiah, U., Collins, S. & Brakefield, P. M., (2016) Molecular phylogeny and generic-level taxonomy of the widespread palaeotropical ' Heteropsis clade' (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Mycalesina). Systematic Entomology, in press. http: // dx. doi. org / syen. 12183" type="book" year="2016">
|
||
Aduse-Poku
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431CB42E99FD1622BF" box="[660,709,946,971]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2016
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in press).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE72EFBFE25229B" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,502,982,1007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE72EFBFE25229B" bold="true" box="[199,502,982,1007]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecology and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE72ED7FDB12567" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,610,1018,1043]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE72ED7FEF02567" bold="true" box="[199,291,1018,1043]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
: lowland tropical rainforest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE72933FD732543" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,672,1054,1080]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE72933FE902543" bold="true" box="[199,323,1054,1079]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Behaviour</emphasis>
|
||
: comes into canopy fruit traps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE7296FFD39252F" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,746,1090,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE7296FFEEE252F" bold="true" box="[199,317,1090,1115]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Hostplant</emphasis>
|
||
: unknown, presumed to be a bamboo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE7294BFE04250B" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,471,1126,1151]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE7294BFE8B250B" bold="true" box="[199,344,1126,1151]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Early stages</emphasis>
|
||
: unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C62C6431EE729A7FB94259F" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE729A7FEDD25B3" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE729A7FE8A25D7" bold="true" box="[199,345,1162,1187]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
: endemic as far as is known to the eastern lowlands of the Masoala Peninsula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1315EAA14C62C6431AD229A7FA9625D7" box="[1266,1349,1162,1187]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="92.[151,250,1763,1785]" captionTargetBox="[325,1224,254,1731]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[316,1247,230,1746]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURE 30. Distribution maps. A. Purple: Heteropsis vanewrighti Lees, sp. nov. Green: Ht. pauliani Lees, sp. nov. Yellow: Ht. mimetica Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. Light blue: Ht. hazovola Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. Turquoise: Ht. imerina Lees, sp. nov. [northern populations overlapping with Ht. vanewrighti and Ht. pauliani are not shown]. Pink: Ht. westwoodi Lees, sp. nov. B. Red: Ht. avaratra Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. Light blue: Ht. kremenae Lees, sp. nov. Fawn: Ht. vertigo Lees & Raharitsimba, sp. nov. C. Ochre: Ht. roussettae Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. Slate-blue: Ht. menamenoides Lees, sp. nov. Olive: Ht. lanyvary Lees, sp. nov. Dark green: Ht. borgo Lees, sp. nov. Light green: Ht. barbarae Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. Brown: Ht. oberthueri Lees, sp. nov. Dark pink: Ht. tianae Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. D. Mid green: Ht. sogai Lees, sp. nov. Dark brown: Ht. tornado Lees, Allaoui & Aduse-Poku, sp. nov. Lilac: Ht. harveyi Lees & Kremen, sp. nov. Light brown: centraleastern populations of Ht. harveyi complex. Scale bar: 500 km." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/264627/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
A, light blue dots).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE729FFFB94259F" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" box="[199,1095,1234,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE729FFFE4A259F" bold="true" box="[199,409,1234,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Elevational range</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C62C6431F8829FFFDCF259E" box="[424,540,1234,1259]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" metricValueMax="5.31" metricValueMin="0.15" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="273.0" valueMax="531.0" valueMin="15.0">
|
||
15–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D283DAD4C62C6431FF229FFFDCF259E" box="[466,540,1234,1259]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="generic">531 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. (n=11 incl. referred specimen and observations).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C334A5AF4C62C6431EE729DBFCDB240A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE729DBFEAD2447" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE729DBFEA2247B" bold="true" box="[199,369,1270,1295]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Conservation:</emphasis>
|
||
the lowland rainforest of eastern Masoala where this species survives is under severe threat from illegal logging.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B91F6244C62C6431EE7286CFCDB240A" blockId="20.[151,1437,151,1406]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95A2A364C62C6431EE7286CFE60242E" bold="true" box="[199,435,1345,1370]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Referred specimen:</emphasis>
|
||
♀, NE, Andranomainty, E. Masoala,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C62C6431D46286CFC09242E" box="[870,986,1342,1370]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="-15.7825">15.7825o S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE1A90E34C62C6431DC8286CFB8E242D" box="[1000,1117,1342,1370]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" precision="5" value="50.2979">50.2979o E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
+/-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD65BC14C62C6431AB0286CFB21242E" box="[1168,1266,1345,1370]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="km" value="0.15">0.15 km</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FF90D0E44C62C6431ADF286FFAA2242E" box="[1279,1393,1346,1370]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1993-12-09">9/12/1993</date>
|
||
, H. Raharitsimba: E112 (egg voucher); 247DL (dissection).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |