499 lines
53 KiB
XML
499 lines
53 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="37B569F67717FE1E311100CB0AAAAB95">
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<mods:title id="F1DC2C325452FC2F718CE16B7B6ED19A">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14650BF9ACBD8F18FFB627689B3B4C1D">Figueroa, Alex</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="87CDB7251AD8CC6D5580436AD8DD9F52">Low, Martyn E. Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="35DC01346040F92119741A91AC73F233" type="email">martyn.low@nus.edu.sg</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="22E4EF9D066BA5455D1F678EECF60B40">Lim, Kelvin K. P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B2CD9C18A16C6C48247C667EE38E01F8" type="email">kelvinlim@nus.edu.sg</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7B419B33A1A0FB1A827B0233D257D5D1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="4116B167CF9E88DE28A05B80368E4A2B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9DA2E71AB06E6B52FA4BBC3BEF22EBD5">2023-05-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967766" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209662467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCEB822FF6B42B47AAF0954" box="[151,929,1517,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF6B42B47AAF0954" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[151,929,1517,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<heading id="5B0E2D09FFCEB822FF6B42B47AAF0954" box="[151,929,1517,1544]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF6B42B47B500954" ID-CoL="76CTF" authority="Wiegmann, 1834" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[151,606,1517,1544]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF6B42B478970954" bold="true" box="[151,409,1517,1544]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF6B42B4781C095B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1517,1544]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Pelodiscus</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FEC142B478970954" bold="true" box="[317,409,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">sinensis</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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Wiegmann, 1834
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FD8742B47AAF0954" bold="true" box="[635,929,1517,1543]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Non-native; Established.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCEB823FF0B414B7D680D4A" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF0B414B7AB909C4" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF0B414B7A91097F" authority="Wiegmann, 1834: 189 - 195" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityPageNumber="189 - 195" authorityYear="1834" box="[247,927,1553,1580]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis" subGenus="Aspidonectes">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF0B414B78430978" box="[247,333,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Trionyx</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FEA3414878FD0978" box="[351,499,1553,1579]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Aspidonectes</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FDFA414B7B510978" box="[518,607,1554,1579]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">sinensis</emphasis>
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Wiegmann, 1834: 189–195
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFCEB822FC50414B7D2E097F" box="[940,1056,1554,1580]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
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: ZMB 38, designated by Stuckas & Fritz (2011: 337); ZMB 37–39 were recognised as
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFCEB822FC39416F7D240903" box="[965,1066,1590,1616]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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, but ZMB 37 is apparently lost, according to
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FE1441007BEB0920" author="Fritz, U. & Gnther, R." box="[488,741,1625,1651]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="157 - 175" refId="ref306102" refString="Fritz, U., Obst, F. & Gnther, R. (1994) Kritischer typen-katalog der schildkr ˆ tensammlung (Reptilia: Testudines) des Zoologischen Museums Berlin. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum f ¸ r Naturkunde in Berlin. Zoologisches Museum und Institut fur Spezielle Zoologie Berlin, 70 (1), 157 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnz. 19940700110" type="journal article" year="1994">
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Fritz
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FDDF41037B540920" box="[547,602,1625,1651]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">et al.</emphasis>
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(1994: 171)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Type locality: “kleinen Insel im Tigerflusse, dicht bei Macao” (= small island in the Tiger River near Macao), China.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF6B41F878AB09E8" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[151,421,1697,1723]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Chinese Softshell Turtle</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF6B419C7824098C" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[151,298,1733,1759]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="98C286E0FFCEB822FF63419C782C098C" box="[159,290,1733,1759]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="354.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@354.[151,1436,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="354" captionText="FIGURE 10. A) Dogania subplana, B) Pelochelys cantorii, C) Pelochelys cantorii, D) Pelodiscus cf. sinensis, E) Aphaniotis fusca, F) Bronchocela cristatella, G) Calotes versicolor, and H) Draco fimbriatus. Photographs by: Kelvin K.P. Lim [A–B, D–E], Dr. Teo Eng Wah @ Vince Adam [C], Thio Hui Bing [F], Alex Figueroa [G], and Evan S.H. Quah [H]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960339" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960339/files/figure.png" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Figure 10D</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF6B41B078760850" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[151,376,1769,1795]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF6B41B078760850" bold="true" box="[151,376,1769,1795]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCEB822FF6B41B0781E0850" box="[151,272,1769,1795]" name="Singapore" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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records.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF0B40547BDD0874" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[247,723,1805,1832]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF0B40547B060874" box="[247,520,1805,1831]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Landemania" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="perocellata">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF0B40547B060874" box="[247,520,1805,1831]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Landemania perocellata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FDD940547BC10874" author="Gray, J. E." box="[549,719,1805,1831]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" refId="ref309522" refString="Gray, J. E. (1873) Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British Museum. Eighth Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, iv + 124 pp." type="book" year="1873">Gray, 1873: 80</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF0B406B7A860818" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[247,904,1841,1868]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF0B406B78430818" authorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1809" box="[247,333,1842,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF0B406B78430818" box="[247,333,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Trionyx</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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?
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FE9C406B78B70818" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[352,441,1842,1867]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FE9C406B78B70818" box="[352,441,1842,1867]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">sinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—K. Lim & F.
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FD9940687A1F0818" author="Lim, K. & Lim, F." box="[613,785,1841,1867]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="27 - 28" refId="ref325303" refString="Lim, K. & Lim, F. (1988 a) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 1 (2), 27 - 28." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim, 1988a: 28</bibRefCitation>
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(Mandai).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF0B400C7D41083C" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" box="[247,1103,1877,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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||
?
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FEF8400F78B7083C" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[260,441,1878,1903]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FEF8400F78B7083C" box="[260,441,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Trionyx sinensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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—K. Lim & F.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FD99400C7A1C0823" author="Lim, K. & Lim, F." box="[613,786,1877,1904]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="49 - 51" refId="ref325330" refString="Lim, K. & Lim, F. (1988 b) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 1 (3), 49 - 51." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim, 1988b: 51</bibRefCitation>
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(Upper Bukit Timah Road).
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</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB822FF0B402378C108E4" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF0B402378A308C0" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[247,429,1914,1939]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF0B402378A308C0" box="[247,429,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Trionyx sinensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
—K. Lim, 1989b: 21 (Upper Peirce Reservoir).—L.M.
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FBE240207C2B08C0" author="Chou, L. M. & Lam, T. J." box="[1054,1317,1913,1940]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="91 - 97" refId="ref297471" refString="Chou, L. M. & Lam, T. J. (1989) Introduction of exotic aquatic species in Singapore. In: DeSilva, S. S. (Ed.), Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia. Proceedings of the Workshop on Introduction of Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia. Asian Fisheries Society Special Publication. No. 3. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, pp. 91 - 97." type="book chapter" year="1989">Chou & Lam, 1989: 92</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FABA402078C508E4" author="Corlett, R. T." pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="411 - 420" refId="ref299232" refString="Corlett, R. T. (1992) The ecological transformation of Singapore, 1819 - 1990. Journal of Biogeography, 19 (4), 411 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2845569" type="journal article" year="1992">Corlett, 1992: 418</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCEB823FF0B40987D680D4A" blockId="84.[151,1436,1517,2012]" lastBlockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" lastPageId="85" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCEB822FF0B409878C10888" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[247,463,1985,2011]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCEB822FF0B409878C10888" box="[247,463,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="84" pageNumber="85">Pelodiscus sinensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—K.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCEB822FDF040987BB6088F" author="Lim, K." box="[524,696,1985,2012]" pageId="84" pageNumber="85" pagination="63 - 66" refId="ref325173" refString="Lim, K. (1989 h) Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. The Pangolin, 2 (4), 63 - 66." type="journal article" year="1989">Lim, 1989h: 65</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Kranji Reservoir).—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 56.—Yong, 1990: 27.—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FD2647CE7A800FE2" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[730,910,151,177]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 137</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 151.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FB9947CE7DAE0FE2" box="[1125,1184,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1993: 20, 21.—L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FEAB47E27B540F86" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[343,602,186,213]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
Chou
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE6147E278D90F86" box="[413,471,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 105
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—R. Subaraj, 1994 (Seletar North Forest [USNF]; Seletar Reservoir).— R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 393, 394.—Chan-ard
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC3E47867AF50FAA" box="[962,1019,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1999: 41.—B.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FB304786787D0E4E" author="Lim B. L. & Das, I." pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref324514" refString="Lim B. L. & Das, I. (1999) Turtles of Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, 151 pp." type="book" year="1999">Lim & Das, 1999: 52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—Iskandar, 2000: 92.—B.P.L.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FD27465A7AC30E4E" author="Goh, B. P. L. & Sodhi, N. S. & Li, D. & Ho, S. H. & Ng, P. K. L." box="[731,973,258,285]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref307810" refString="Goh, B. P. L., Sodhi, N. S., Li, D., Ho, S. H. & Ng, P. K. L. (2002) A Guide to Urban Creatures. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">
|
||
Goh
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FCEF465A7A430E4E" box="[787,845,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2002: 145
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FC13465B7DE10E4E" author="Anonymous" box="[1007,1263,258,285]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref288767" refString="Anonymous (2003) Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve - A Decade of Wetland Conservation. National Parks Board, Singapore, 98 pp." type="book" year="2003">Anonymous, 2003: 92</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FDBC467E7A280E12" author="Auliya, M." box="[576,806,295,321]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref289112" refString="Auliya, M. (2007) An Identification Guide to the Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Singapore, and Timor Leste. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, s. n., 99 pp." type="book" year="2007">Auliya, 2007: 90–91</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—T.Y.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FC87467E7DBB0E12" author="Goh, T. Y. & O'Riordan, R. M." box="[891,1205,295,321]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="97 - 100" refId="ref308035" refString="Goh, T. Y. & O'Riordan, R. M. (2007) Are tortoises and freshwater turtles still traded illegally as pets in Singapore? Oryx, 41 (1), 97 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003060530700155 X" type="journal article" year="2007">Goh & O’Riordan, 2007: 98</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 99.—Ramsay
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FAA2467E7C980E12" box="[1374,1430,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007: 165.—H.T.W. Tan
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FD8946127BA10E36" box="[629,687,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007: 193.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 126, 165.—P.K.A. Ng, 2009: 20, 25, 26, 64, 143, 203.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FD2E46367A710EDA" author="Das, I." box="[722,895,367,393]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref300845" refString="Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp." type="book" year="2010">Das, 2010: 177</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—T.H. Ng & Lim, 2010: 121 (Jurong Lake).— D.C.J. Yeo & C.S.W. Chia, 2010: 35.—D.C.J. Yeo
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC5946CA7AEE0EFE" box="[933,992,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 194.—H.T.W. Tan
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FAEE46CA7C420EFE" box="[1298,1356,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2010: 251.—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDE046EE7B5B0E82" box="[540,597,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 462.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 126, 165.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FAEF46EE788F0EA6" author="Lim, K. K. P." pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="264" refId="ref326190" refString="Lim, K. K. P. (2014 e) Chinese softshell turtle at Singapore Botanic Gardens. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014, 264." type="journal article" year="2014">Lim, 2014e: 264</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FE7246827B0F0EA6" box="[398,513,475,501]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
Botanic Gardens).—D.L. Yong
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC9946827A920EA6" box="[869,924,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 203.—H.H. Tan, 2015: 99.—W. Wong, 2017: 64.—W.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FDFF46A67BD70D4A" author="Cheong, W." box="[515,729,511,537]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="104 - 105" refId="ref296254" refString="Cheong, W. (2020) Consumption of a softshell turtle by Malayan water monitors. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2020, 104 - 105." type="journal article" year="2020">Cheong, 2020: 104</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(River Safari).—TTWG, 2021: 33.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCFB823FF0B457A7D9A0D6E" box="[247,1172,547,573]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF0B457A7D9A0D6E" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[247,1172,547,573]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FF0B457A787E0D6E" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1835" box="[247,368,547,573]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF0B457A787E0D6E" box="[247,368,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Pelodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FE64457A78E00D6F" authorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" authorityYear="1809" box="[408,494,547,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Trionyx" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE64457A78E00D6F" box="[408,494,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Trionyx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FE01457A7B580D6F" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[509,598,547,572]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE01457A7B580D6F" box="[509,598,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—P.K.L. Ng, 1992a: 141.—P.K.L. Ng, 1992b: 141.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCFB823FF6B451E7B250B96" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B451E7A2C0BF2" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B451E78050D32" bold="true" box="[151,267,583,609]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FEEC451E78E90D33" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[272,487,583,609]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FEEC451E78E90D33" box="[272,487,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Pelodiscus sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a species complex native to central and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FBFB451E7D430D32" box="[1031,1101,583,609]" name="China" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FFCFB823FBAA451E7DA40D32" box="[1110,1194,583,609]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Hainan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FB4E451E7C090D32" box="[1202,1287,583,609]" name="Taiwan" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FF0B453278570DD6" box="[247,345,619,645]" name="Vietnam" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, but has been introduced to at least 16 countries (TTWG 2021,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FBF745327DC90DD6" author="Gong, S. & Vamberger, M. & Auer, M. & Praschag, P. & Fritz, U." box="[1035,1223,619,645]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="34" refId="ref308124" refString="Gong, S., Vamberger, M., Auer, M., Praschag, P. & Fritz, U. (2018) Millennium-old farm breeding of Chinese softshell turtles (Pelodiscus spp.) results in massive erosion of biodiversity. Science of Nature, 105, 34. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00114 - 018 - 1558 - 9" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Gong
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FBB245327D8B0DD6" box="[1102,1157,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Found commonly in Singapore’s freshwater bodies throughout the country (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FC8845D67D450DFA" author="Baker, N. & Lim, K. P." box="[884,1099,655,681]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref289917" refString="Baker, N. & Lim, K. P. (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: A Photographic Guide to Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. Updated Edition. Draco Publishing and Distribution Pte Ltd and Nature Society, Singapore, 180 pp." type="book" year="2012">Baker & Lim 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including the nature reserves (Teo & Rajathurai 1997),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FDE045EA7BB80D9F" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[540,694,691,717]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDE045EA7B3F0D9F" box="[540,561,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDA145EA7BB80D9F" box="[605,694,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FC3445EA7D340D9E" box="[968,1082,691,717]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FB9945EA7DE10D9E" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1125,1263,691,717]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref309522" refString="Gray, J. E. (1873) Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British Museum. Eighth Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, iv + 124 pp." type="book" year="1873">Gray (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
who examined
|
||
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFFCFB823FF0B458E78920DA2" box="[247,412,727,753]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected by Wallace.Assuming that the locality of the Wallace specimens is accurate, these specimens represent an early introduction of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FD1145A27A6F0C47" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[749,865,763,788]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FD1145A27A6F0C47" box="[749,865,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FC6645A27D010C46" box="[922,1039,763,789]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
. These records were not recognised in subsequent publications (e.g., Boulenger 1889), except by Pope (1935) who mentioned that records from “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FEFD441A78760C0E" box="[257,376,835,861]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FE78441A78CE0C0E" box="[388,448,835,861]" name="Thailand" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Siam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the Batan Islands and even California” are “highly questionable records”. Present-day specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FE6E443E7B080CD3" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[402,518,871,896]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE6E443E7B080CD3" box="[402,518,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are believed to have been first introduced into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FBE4443E7D840CD2" box="[1048,1162,871,897]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
by a farmer who ferried in hatchlings in the 1970s to farm for food (Chou & Jam 1989). Although
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FBAE44D27DCA0CF6" box="[1106,1220,907,933]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
has its own native softshell turtles,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FE4C44F67B590C9A" baseAuthorityName="Boddaert" baseAuthorityYear="1770" box="[432,599,943,969]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Amyda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cartilaginea">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE4C44F67B590C9A" box="[432,599,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">A. cartilaginea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FD7044F67A1B0C9A" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire" baseAuthorityYear="1809" box="[652,789,943,969]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Dogania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subplana">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FD7044F67A1B0C9A" box="[652,789,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">D. subplana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, farmers favour
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FC3144F67D4F0C9B" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[973,1089,943,968]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC3144F67D4F0C9B" box="[973,1089,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because of its higher fecundity and faster growth rate (Chou & Jam 1989). Thus, individuals in the wild are from escapees and intentional releases (Ng & Lim 2010). The next reported record after
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FC5D44AE7D3E0B42" author="Gray, J. E." box="[929,1072,1015,1041]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="ref309522" refString="Gray, J. E. (1873) Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the British Museum. Eighth Edition. British Museum (Natural History), London, iv + 124 pp." type="book" year="1873">Gray (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and the first documented field observation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FE6243427B380B67" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[414,566,1051,1077]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE62434278BA0B67" box="[414,436,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FE2143427B380B67" box="[477,566,1051,1076]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, came 115 years later (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4D7BAFDEFFCFB823FCC943427A850B66" box="[821,907,1051,1077]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="16.[152,254,432,458]" captionTargetBox="[207,1414,726,1982]" captionText="TABLE 2. Checklist of the 166 herpetofauna species of Singapore, the year the first specimen was reported or collected, status in Singapore, and number of years went unreported from Singapore prior to 1990. If the reference is from a museum collection, then the museum symbolic code is listed. Under status, IND = Indeterminate (possibly extirpated). Year in parentheses under the last column is the year the species was last reported from Singapore. The herpetofauna of Singapore comprises 31 amphibians and 135 reptiles consisting of two caecilians, 29 frogs (five non-native), 1 crocodilian, 17 turtles (four non-native), 40 lizards (6 non-native), and 77 snakes (two non-native). If the year collected is not specified, then the year reported is used in its place." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" tableUuid="5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) when a small individual was found hiding in a rusty tin can at Mandai on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FDDC43667BB50B0A" box="[544,699,1087,1113]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1988-04-28">28 April 1988</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FD3643667A940B0A" author="Lim, K. & Lim, F." box="[714,922,1087,1113]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="27 - 28" refId="ref325303" refString="Lim, K. & Lim, F. (1988 a) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 1 (2), 27 - 28." type="journal article" year="1988">Lim & Lim 1988a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). As
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FC2C43667D690B0B" authorityName="Wiegmann" authorityYear="1834" box="[976,1127,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Trionychidae" genus="Pelodiscus" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Testudines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC2C43667AE80B0B" box="[976,998,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">P.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FBF243667D690B0B" box="[1038,1127,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently recognised as a species complex, and since individuals in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FD31433A7A310B2E" box="[717,831,1123,1149]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
likely originated from multiple locations, Singapore’s population may be composed of multiple species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B43F37B250B96" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[151,555,1194,1221]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B43F378240B97" bold="true" box="[151,298,1194,1220]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Ubiquitous. Common.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCFB823FF6B43977D1A082B" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B43977BB30BBA" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[151,701,1230,1257]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B43977B0A0BBA" bold="true" box="[151,516,1230,1257]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FF6B4397781E0BBB" box="[151,272,1230,1256]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Not Applicable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B43AB7BC40A5E" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[151,714,1266,1293]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B43AB78AF0A5F" bold="true" box="[151,417,1266,1292]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
None, non-native species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B424F7BA20A62" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[151,684,1302,1329]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B424F78DC0A62" bold="true" box="[151,466,1302,1329]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Vulnerable [2000].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B42637ABD0ACE" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B42637AAC0A06" bold="true" box="[151,930,1338,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FF6B42637A900A06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688159" box="[151,926,1338,1365]" collectionCode="LKCNHM, NHMUK" collectorName="Choa Chu Kang" location="Museum" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FF6B426378160A07" box="[151,280,1338,1364]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FEB7426278B70A06" box="[331,441,1339,1365]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFCFB823FE3A42627B200A06" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E:0526CCBEFFCFB823FE3A42627B200A06" box="[454,558,1339,1365]" name="Museum" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Museum</location>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FFCFB823FD3642637A900A06" box="[714,926,1338,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Choa Chu Kang</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FC4C42637DFC0A06" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688807" box="[944,1266,1338,1365]" collectingDate="1986-03-17" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FC4C42637AE70A06" box="[944,1001,1338,1365]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2525 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FBAC42627DE40A06" box="[1104,1258,1339,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-03-17">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFCFB823FBAC42627DE40A06" box="[1104,1258,1339,1365]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1986-03-17">17-Mar-1986</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FAF842637B3D0A2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689658" collectingDate="1979-12-08" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FAF842637C320A06" box="[1284,1340,1338,1365]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2526–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FF0B420778210A2A" box="[247,303,1374,1401]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2527 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FE6E42067B220A2A" box="[402,556,1375,1401]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1979-12-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFCFB823FE6E42067B220A2A" box="[402,556,1375,1401]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1979-12-08">08-Dec-1979</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FDBC42077A7B0A2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687407" box="[576,885,1374,1401]" collectingDate="1987-01-20" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FDBC42077B760A2A" box="[576,632,1374,1401]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2549 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FD2042067A630A2A" box="[732,877,1375,1401]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1987-01-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFCFB823FD2042067A630A2A" box="[732,877,1375,1401]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="1987-01-20">20-Jan-1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FC7F42077DA60A2A" bold="true" box="[899,1192,1374,1401]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FC7F42077DAD0A2A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689694" box="[899,1187,1374,1401]" location="Tampines Quarry Lake" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFCFB823FC7F42077DAD0A2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E:0526CCBEFFCFB823FC7F42077DAD0A2A" box="[899,1187,1374,1401]" name="Tampines Quarry Lake" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Tampines Quarry Lake</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FB4C420778320ACE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688707" collectingDate="2014-07-20" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FB4C42077DE70A2A" box="[1200,1257,1374,1401]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.7305 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FAB74206783A0ACE" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2014-07-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFCFB823FAB74206783A0ACE" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2014-07-20">20-Jul-2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FEBB42DA7B7C0ACF" bold="true" box="[327,626,1410,1437]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FEBB42DA7B630ACF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689543" box="[327,621,1410,1437]" location="Upper Seletar Reservoir" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFFCFB823FEBB42DA7B630ACF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FFCEB820FF6B42B47B6C0E4E:0526CCBEFFCFB823FEBB42DA7B630ACF" box="[327,621,1410,1437]" name="Upper Seletar Reservoir" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Upper Seletar Reservoir</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FFCFB823FD8542DA7AA00ACE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687572" box="[633,942,1411,1437]" collectingDate="2007-06-14" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FD8542DA7BBC0ACE" box="[633,690,1411,1437]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.6491 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FFCFB823FCEF42DA7AA90ACE" box="[787,935,1411,1437]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2007-06-14">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFFCFB823FCEF42DA7AA90ACE" box="[787,935,1411,1437]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" value="2007-06-14">14-Jun-2007</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B42FF7AF20A92" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" box="[151,1020,1446,1473]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B42FF7AA60A93" bold="true" box="[151,936,1446,1473]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FEE242FF78990A93" box="[286,407,1446,1472]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FD6D42FF7A040A93" box="[657,778,1446,1472]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
(no locality):
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FFCFB823FC4C42FE7AFB0A92" box="[944,1013,1447,1473]" country="Austria" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/c7yt-hh77" name="Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">NMW</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B429378B10902" blockId="85.[151,1437,150,1617]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FF6B4293789A0AB7" bold="true" box="[151,404,1482,1508]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FFCFB823FF6B4293781E0AB7" box="[151,272,1482,1508]" name="Singapore" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Choa Chu Kang—Kranji Reservoir—Jurong Lake—Mandai—River Safari—Seletar Reservoir (not specified)—Singapore Botanic Gardens—Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve—Tampines Quarry Lake—Upper Bukit Timah Road—Upper Peirce Reservoir—Upper Seletar North Forest—Upper Seletar Reservoir.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FDEC41ED7D2D099D" blockId="85.[151,1059,1716,1779]" box="[528,1059,1716,1742]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDEC41ED7D2D099D" bold="true" box="[528,1059,1716,1742]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FD9941ED7A8E099D" authority="Oppel, 1811" authorityName="Oppel" authorityYear="1811" box="[613,896,1716,1742]" class="Squamata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Squamata Oppel, 1811</taxonomicName>
|
||
(117 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B418178EA09A1" blockId="85.[151,1059,1716,1779]" box="[151,484,1752,1779]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FF6B418178BB09A0" authority="Oppel, 1811: 5" authorityName="Oppel" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1811" box="[151,437,1752,1779]" class="Squamata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Squamata Oppel, 1811: 5</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 14.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FD63404F7A9B0863" blockId="85.[671,917,1814,1840]" box="[671,917,1814,1840]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FD63404F7A9B0863" bold="true" box="[671,917,1814,1840]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Lizards (40 species)</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FDDC40077D1A082B" blockId="85.[544,1044,1886,1912]" box="[544,1044,1886,1912]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDDC40077D1A082B" bold="true" box="[544,1044,1886,1912]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FD8140077A83082B" authority="Gray, 1827" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1827" box="[637,909,1886,1912]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
Agamidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FCF840077A83082B" author="Gray, J. E." box="[772,909,1886,1912]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="54 - 58" refId="ref308649" refString="Gray, J. E. (1827) A synopsis of the genera of saurian reptiles, in which some new genera are indicated, and the others reviewed by actual examination. Philosophical Magazine, or Annals of Chemistry, Mathematics, Astronomy, Natural History, and General Science, 2, 54 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14786442708675620" type="journal article" year="1827">Gray, 1827</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(7 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCFB820FF6B40FE7D140FE2" lastPageId="86" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCFB823FF6B40FE7A460892" blockId="85.[151,840,1958,1985]" box="[151,840,1958,1985]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFFCFB823FF6B40FE7A460892" box="[151,840,1958,1985]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FFCFB823FF6B40FE78B60892" author="Gray, J. E." box="[151,440,1958,1985]" page="57" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" year="1827">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FF6B40FE78B60892" ID-CoL="64B" authority="Gray, 1827: 57" authorityName="Gray" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1827" box="[151,440,1958,1985]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
|
||
Agamidae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FFCFB823FEED40FE78B60892" author="Gray, J. E." box="[273,440,1958,1985]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="54 - 58" refId="ref308649" refString="Gray, J. E. (1827) A synopsis of the genera of saurian reptiles, in which some new genera are indicated, and the others reviewed by actual examination. Philosophical Magazine, or Annals of Chemistry, Mathematics, Astronomy, Natural History, and General Science, 2, 54 - 58. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14786442708675620" type="journal article" year="1827">Gray, 1827: 57</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFCFB823FE3B40FE78F70892" box="[455,505,1959,1985]" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCFB823FDB440FE7A350892" authority="Daudin, 1802" authorityName="Daudin" authorityYear="1802" box="[584,827,1959,1985]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Agama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCFB823FDB440FE7B990892" box="[584,663,1959,1985]" italics="true" pageId="85" pageNumber="86">Agama</emphasis>
|
||
Daudin, 1802
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCCB820FDE647CE7D140FE2" blockId="86.[538,1050,151,178]" box="[538,1050,151,178]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FDE647CE7D140FE2" bold="true" box="[538,1050,151,178]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCCB820FD8C47CE7A9D0FE2" authority="Peters, 1864" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1864" box="[624,915,151,178]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Aphaniotis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FD8C47CE7BFA0FE1" bold="true" box="[624,756,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aphaniotis</emphasis>
|
||
Peters, 1864
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFFCCB820FF6B47B97B6C0E4E" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FFCCB820FF6B47B97B6C0E4E" blockId="86.[151,1436,223,286]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCCB820FF6B47B97BCE0FA9" authority="W. C. H. Peters, 1864: 385" authorityName="W. C. H. Peters" authorityPageNumber="385" authorityYear="1864" box="[151,704,223,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Otocryptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aphaniotis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FF6B47B978030FA9" box="[151,269,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Otocryptis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FEE1478678980FAA" box="[285,406,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aphaniotis</emphasis>
|
||
) W.C.H. Peters, 1864: 385
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FFCCB820FD3147867BF10FAA" box="[717,767,223,249]" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FFCCB820FC9847B97C960FAA" authority="W. C. H. Peters, 1864" authorityName="W. C. H. Peters" authorityYear="1864" box="[868,1432,223,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Agamidae" genus="Otocryptis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca" subGenus="Aphaniotis">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FC9847B97AD40FA9" box="[868,986,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Otocryptis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FC1547867D6C0FAA" box="[1001,1122,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">Aphaniotis</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FFCCB820FB8E47867DA30FAA" box="[1138,1197,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="86" pageNumber="87">fusca</emphasis>
|
||
W.C.H. Peters, 1864
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by monotypy; gender feminine).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |