470 lines
53 KiB
XML
470 lines
53 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6531EFEDD5C83E8B19B92C1E63599579">Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution</mods:title>
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<treatment id="88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7967926" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209661591" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7967926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12" lastPageId="161" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF05B8E9FF6B40637A430807" box="[151,845,1850,1877]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF05B8E9FF6B40637A430807" blockId="159.[151,1436,1850,2021]" box="[151,845,1850,1877]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<heading id="5B0E2D09FF05B8E9FF6B40637A430807" box="[151,845,1850,1877]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF05B8E9FF6B406378BC0806" ID-CoL="6L2TF" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,434,1850,1877]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF05B8E9FF6B406378BC0806" bold="true" box="[151,434,1850,1877]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Gongylosoma baliodeira</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(H. Boie in F. Boie, 1827)—
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF05B8E9FD0440637A430807" bold="true" box="[760,845,1850,1876]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Native.</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF05B8E9FF0B40067D6608CE" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF05B8E9FF0B40067D6608CE" blockId="159.[151,1436,1850,2021]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF05B8E9FF0B40067B5D082A" authority="H. Boie" authorityName="H. Boie" box="[247,595,1887,1913]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coronella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF05B8E9FF0B400678E4082A" box="[247,490,1887,1913]" italics="true" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Coronella baliodeira</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF05B8E9FE0A40067B5D082A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689848" box="[502,595,1887,1913]" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="F. Boie" country="Indonesia" location="Java" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" specimenCode="BMNH 1946.1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="syntype">H. Boie</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FF05B8E9FD7F40067BD2082A" box="[643,732,1887,1913]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">F. Boie</collectorName>
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, 1827: 539.
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<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF05B8E9FC8B40067AD0082A" box="[887,990,1887,1913]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="syntype">Syntypes</typeStatus>
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(2): RMNH.RENA.4035 and
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<specimenCode id="505F321EFF05B8E9FAB4400678A908CE" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">BMNH 1946.1</specimenCode>
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.5.55, by original designation. Type locality: “
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<collectingRegion id="C23D5487FF05B8E9FC5A40DA7AD308CE" box="[934,989,1923,1949]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Java</collectingRegion>
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”,
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<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF05B8E9FC0840DA7D6B08CE" box="[1012,1125,1923,1949]" name="Indonesia" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF05B8E9FF6B40FE782B08B6" pageId="159" pageNumber="160" type="description">
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF05B8E9FF6B40FE78BF0892" blockId="159.[151,1436,1850,2021]" box="[151,433,1959,1985]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Orange-bellied Ringneck</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="00469A65FF05B8E9FF6B4092782B08B6" blockId="159.[151,1436,1850,2021]" box="[151,293,1995,2021]" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF05B8E9FF634092781308B6" box="[159,285,1995,2021]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="159" pageNumber="160">Figure 18F</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D6FF6B47CF78760FE2" box="[151,376,150,177]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B47CF78760FE2" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,376,150,177]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B47CF78760FE2" bold="true" box="[151,376,150,177]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FF6B47CF781E0FE3" box="[151,272,150,176]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
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||
records.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D6FF0B47E27C1D0CBE" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B47E27DB00E82" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
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||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B47E27B2B0F86" authorityName="Fitzinger" authorityYear="1843" box="[247,549,187,213]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeirum">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B47E27B2B0F86" box="[247,549,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Gongylosoma baliodeirum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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—Sworder, 1923: 65 (Bukit Timah Forest Reserve).—Sworder, 1924b: 22.— Chan-ard
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE3A478678F00FAA" box="[454,510,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 1999: 33.—L.L.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD3547867AEC0FAA" author="Grismer, L. L. & Das, I. & Leong, T. M." box="[713,994,222,249]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="565 - 572" refId="ref309860" refString="Grismer, L. L., Das, I. & Leong, T. M. (2003) A new species of Gongylosoma (Squamata: Colubridae) from Pulau Tioman, West Malaysia. Herpetologica, 59 (4), 565 - 572. https: // doi. org / 10.1655 / 02 - 38" type="journal article" year="2003">
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Grismer
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FCD047867A6A0FAA" box="[812,868,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2003: 572
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</bibRefCitation>
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(Bukit Timah; Sime Road [SRF]).—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2008: 102, 161.—K.K.P. Lim
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<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FC68465A7AC10E4E" box="[916,975,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
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, 2008: 163, 264.—
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FB4C465A7C6F0E4E" author="Das, I." box="[1200,1377,259,285]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref300845" refString="Das, I. (2010) A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand and South-East Asia. New Holland, London, 376 pp." type="book" year="2010">Das, 2010: 280</bibRefCitation>
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.—N. Baker & K.P. Lim, 2012: 102, 161.—
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<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FCFC467E7AA40E12" author="Das, I." box="[768,938,295,321]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref300872" refString="Das, I. (2012 a) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 160 pp." type="book" year="2012">Das, 2012a: 41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FC37467E7D800E12" author="Mejia, M." box="[971,1166,295,321]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="110" refId="ref330755" refString="Mejia, M. (2014) Blue Malayan coral snake biting orange-bellied ringneck. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014, 110." type="journal article" year="2014">Mejia, 2014: 110</bibRefCitation>
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||
(MacRitchie Reservoir, forest along north shore [TRF]).—Chan-ard
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FCB746127A8A0E36" box="[843,900,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2015: 174.—E.K. Chua, 2015: 90.—C.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FAAC461278CB0EDA" author="Butler, C." pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="55 - 56" refId="ref293910" refString="Butler, C. (2017 a) Orange-bellied ring-neck snake at Bukit Kalang. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2017, 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="2017">Butler, 2017a: 55</bibRefCitation>
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||
(Bukit Kalang [SRF]).—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD2746367D1A0EDA" author="Khew, Y. T. J. & Yokohari, M." box="[731,1044,367,393]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref317828" refString="Khew, Y. T. J. & Yokohari, M. (2017) Recommendations for urban biodiversity conservation in the context of landscape preference in Singapore. Cities and the Environment (CATE), 10 (1), 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="2017">Khew & Yokohari, 2017: 11</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FBCB46367C0C0EDA" author="de Lang, R." box="[1079,1282,366,393]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref302593" refString="de Lang, R. (2017) The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 435 pp." type="book" year="2017">de Lang, 2017: 57</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FAD84637787D0EFE" author="Das, I." pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref300966" refString="Das, I. (2018) A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of Southeast Asia. 2 nd Edition. John Beaufoy Publishing, Oxford, 176 pp." type="book" year="2018">Das, 2018: 50</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FE6846CB7B8F0EFE" author="Chapman, H." box="[404,641,402,429]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="102 - 103" refId="ref295824" refString="Chapman, H. (2019) Orange-bellied ringneck snake eating spider. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2019, 102 - 103." type="journal article" year="2019">Chapman, 2019: 102</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(MacRitchie Reservoir, trail along eastern shore [TRF]).—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 181 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).—K.H.
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||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FBF446EE7DB50E82" author="Koh, K. H." box="[1032,1211,439,465]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="220 - 222" refId="ref318876" refString="Koh, K. H. (2020) Blue Malayan coral snake preying on a pink-headed reed snake. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2020, 220 - 222." type="journal article" year="2020">Koh, 2020: 222</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B46827BA30C46" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B468278EF0EA6" authorityName="Haas" authorityYear="1950" box="[247,481,475,501]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Liopeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeirus">
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||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B468278EF0EA6" box="[247,481,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Liopeltis baliodeirus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FE0246827BD50EA6" author="de Haas, C. P. J." box="[510,731,474,501]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="511 - 625" refId="ref302520" refString="de Haas, C. P. J. (1950) Checklist of the snakes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Reptiles, Ophidia). Treubia, 20 (3), 511 - 625." type="journal article" year="1950">de Haas, 1950: 560</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD0046827AEB0EA6" author="Grandison, A. G. C." box="[764,997,475,501]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="43 - 101" refId="ref308551" refString="Grandison, A. G. C. (1972) The Gunung Benom Expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunung Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 23 (4), 43 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / p. 314200" type="journal article" year="1972">Grandison, 1972: 86</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FBD646827DC40EA6" author="Lim, K." box="[1066,1226,475,501]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="6 - 12" refId="ref325200" refString="Lim, K. (1990 a) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 3 (1 - 4), 6 - 12." type="journal article" year="1990">Lim, 1990a: 7</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Upper Peirce).— K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FE5546A67BCD0D4A" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Subharaj, R." box="[425,707,511,537]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="5 - 9" refId="ref326394" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Subharaj, R. (1992) Reptiles & Amphibians. The Pangolin, 5 (1 - 4), 5 - 9." type="journal article" year="1992">Lim & Subharaj, 1992: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Old Upper Thomson Road).—K.K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FAE346A6787B0D6E" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref326515" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (1992) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="1992">Lim, 1992: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 146.—E.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FDEC457A7BCA0D6E" author="Chua, E. K." box="[528,708,546,573]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref297976" refString="Chua, E. K. (1993) Nature in Singapore, Ours to Protect. The Nature Society, Singapore, 132 pp." type="book" year="1993">Chua, 1993: 57</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—K.K.P.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FCC7457A7D5B0D6E" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Subaraj, R." box="[827,1109,547,573]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref326428" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Subaraj, R. (1994) Recent records (1994) - herptiles. The Pangolin, 7 (1 - 4), 5." type="journal article" year="1994">Lim & Subaraj, 1994: 6</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(Chartered Industries [Rifle Range Road]; Upper Peirce Reservoir Road).—R. Subaraj, 1994: 12 (Thomson Ridge [TRF]; Upper Peirce West Forest).—K. Lim
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FCFA45327A4F0DD6" box="[774,833,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1995: 13 (Island Country Club Road [SICC]; Rifle Range Road; Upper Peirce Reservoir Park).—K. Lim, 1995: 15 (Bukit Kalang Service Road [SRF]).—R.C.H. Teo & Rajathurai, 1997: 381 (Lower Peirce East Forest [LPF]; Lower Peirce West Forest [LPF]; Rifle Range Forest; Thomson Ridge Forest; Upper Peirce West Forest).—K.P. Lim & F.L.K.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FE0445A27BA70C46" author="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K." box="[504,681,763,789]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref327168" refString="Lim, K. P. & Lim, F. L. K. (2002) A Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Singapore. Revised Edition. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp." type="book" year="2002">Lim, 2002: 146</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B44467DC30C0E" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B444678DB0C6A" authorityName="Grandison" authorityYear="1978" box="[247,469,799,825]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Liopeltis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B444678DB0C6A" box="[247,469,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Liopeltis baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—F.L.K. Lim & M.T.-M. Lee, 1989: 51, 116.—K.K.P. Lim & L.M. Chou, 1990: 54.— L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FE6A441A7B9F0C0E" author="Chou L. M. & Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P." box="[406,657,834,861]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="70 - 106" refId="ref297613" refString="Chou L. M., Ng, P. K. L. & Lim, K. K. P. (1994) Animalia. In: Wee, Y. C. & Ng, P. K. L. (Eds.), A First Look at Biodiversity in Singapore. National Council on the Environment, Singapore, pp. 70 - 106." type="book chapter" year="1994">
|
||
Chou
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE26441A7B1C0C0E" box="[474,530,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1994: 105
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—L.M.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD0F441A7AA00C0E" author="Chou, L. M." box="[755,942,834,861]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="145 - 150" refId="ref297324" refString="Chou, L. M. (1995) Amphibians and reptiles. In: Chin, S. C., Corlett, R. T., Wee, Y. C. & Geh, S. Y. (Eds.), Rain Forest in the City: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin, Singapore, Supplement 3, pp. 145 - 150." type="journal article" year="1995">Chou, 1995: 148</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.—R. Subaraj, 1995: 101.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B443E7C430CD2" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[247,1357,871,897]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF3AB8D6FF0B443E7C430CD2" box="[247,1357,871,897]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B443E7BBD0CD2" box="[247,691,871,897]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="baliodeirum" subSpecies="baliodeirum">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B443E7BBD0CD2" box="[247,691,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Gongylosoma baliodeirum baliodeirum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF3AB8D6FD33443E7AE90CD2" author="David, P. & Vogel, G." box="[719,999,871,897]" page="89" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD33443E7AE90CD2" author="David, P. & Vogel, G." box="[719,999,871,897]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref301675" refString="David, P. & Vogel, G. (1996) The Snakes of Sumatra: An Annotated Checklist and Key with Natural History Notes. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt-am-Main, 260 pp." type="book" year="1996">David & Vogel, 1996: 89</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF3AB8D6FBFB443E7C470CD2" author="Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E." box="[1031,1353,871,897]" page="62" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FBFB443E7C470CD2" author="Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E." box="[1031,1353,871,897]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref315641" refString="Iskandar, D. T. & Colijn, E. (2001) A Checklist of Southeast Asian and New Guinean Reptiles. Part I. Serpentes. Biodiversity Conservation Project (Indonesian Institute of Sciences - Japan International Cooperation Agency - The Ministry of Forestry). The Gibbon Foundation and Institute of Technology, Bandung, 195 pp." type="book" year="2001">Iskandar & Colijn, 2001: 62</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B44D278860C9A" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="20E9BD4BFF3AB8D6FF0B44D278860C9A" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B44D27B1A0CF6" ID-CoL="6L2TF" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[247,532,907,933]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B44D27B1A0CF6" box="[247,532,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Gongylosoma baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—P.K.L. Ng
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FD4C44D27BE00CF6" box="[688,750,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2011: 273.—Wallach
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FC0344D27D320CF6" box="[1023,1084,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2014: 312.—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="8158BC74FF3AB8D6FB1A44D2788A0C9A" author="Charlton, T." page="164" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" year="2020">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FB1A44D2788A0C9A" author="Charlton, T." pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref295882" refString="Charlton, T. (2020) A Guide to Snakes of Peninsular Malaysia and Singapore. Natural History Publications (Borneo) Sdn. Bhd., Kota Kinabalu, viii + 299 pp." type="book" year="2020">Charlton, 2020: 164</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF0B448A7C1D0CBE" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[247,1299,979,1005]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FF0B448A7B140CBE" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1827" box="[247,538,979,1005]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeirus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF0B448A7B140CBE" box="[247,538,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Gongylosoma baliodeirus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—R.C.H. Teo & Thomas, 2019: 163 (Bukit Timah Nature Reserve).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D6FF6B44AE7D7F0AB6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B44AE7BB40A92" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B44AE78050B42" bold="true" box="[151,267,1015,1041]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FEED44AE7B290B42" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[273,551,1015,1041]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FEED44AE7B290B42" box="[273,551,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Gongylosoma baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first reported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FCCD44AE7AAD0B42" box="[817,931,1015,1041]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Sworder (1923) who collected a specimen at BTNR. Sworder (1924a) also collected the second specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FC0C43427D870B66" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[1008,1161,1051,1077]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FC0C43427D870B66" box="[1008,1161,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">G. baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at BTNR in
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FADD43427C960B66" box="[1313,1432,1051,1077]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1923-06">June 1923</date>
|
||
. After this,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FE8843667B000B0A" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[372,526,1087,1113]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE8843667B000B0A" box="[372,526,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">G. baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not reported again from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FC9943667AD90B0A" box="[869,983,1087,1113]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
until 63 years later (
|
||
<tableCitation id="4D7BAFDEFF3AB8D6FB3543667C2F0B0A" box="[1225,1313,1087,1113]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="16.[152,254,432,458]" captionTargetBox="[207,1414,726,1982]" captionText="TABLE 2. Checklist of the 166 herpetofauna species of Singapore, the year the first specimen was reported or collected, status in Singapore, and number of years went unreported from Singapore prior to 1990. If the reference is from a museum collection, then the museum symbolic code is listed. Under status, IND = Indeterminate (possibly extirpated). Year in parentheses under the last column is the year the species was last reported from Singapore. The herpetofauna of Singapore comprises 31 amphibians and 135 reptiles consisting of two caecilians, 29 frogs (five non-native), 1 crocodilian, 17 turtles (four non-native), 40 lizards (6 non-native), and 77 snakes (two non-native). If the year collected is not specified, then the year reported is used in its place." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" tableUuid="5486CAEDFF8AB866FF6446E978550D95">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) from
|
||
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFF3AB8D6FA8E436678620B2E" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
collected on Mandai Lake Road in
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FD0B433A7AA20B2E" box="[759,940,1123,1149]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1987-11">November 1987</date>
|
||
(Lim & Lee 1989). Teo & Rajathurai (1997) considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FE8643DE7B1A0BF2" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[378,532,1159,1185]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE8643DE7B1A0BF2" box="[378,532,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">G. baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rare, despite recording
|
||
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFF3AB8D6FCDA43DE7ACE0BF2" box="[806,960,1159,1185]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
during their survey and it being reported several times in
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE4E43F27B450B96" box="[434,587,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">The Pangolin</emphasis>
|
||
journal (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FD1043F27A650B96" author="Lim, K." box="[748,875,1195,1221]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="6 - 12" refId="ref325200" refString="Lim, K. (1990 a) Reptiles. The Pangolin, 3 (1 - 4), 6 - 12." type="journal article" year="1990">Lim 1990a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FC8B43F27D6B0B96" author="Lim, K. K. P. & Subaraj, R." box="[887,1125,1195,1221]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref326428" refString="Lim, K. K. P. & Subaraj, R. (1994) Recent records (1994) - herptiles. The Pangolin, 7 (1 - 4), 5." type="journal article" year="1994">Lim & Subaraj 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lim
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FB5543F27DED0B96" box="[1193,1251,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1995).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FAC743F278780BBA" author="Baker, N. & Lim, K. P." pageId="160" pageNumber="161" refId="ref289917" refString="Baker, N. & Lim, K. P. (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: A Photographic Guide to Mammals, Reptiles, Amphibians and Freshwater Fishes. Updated Edition. Draco Publishing and Distribution Pte Ltd and Nature Society, Singapore, 180 pp." type="book" year="2012">Baker & Lim (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FE1343967B8B0BBA" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[495,645,1231,1257]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE1343967B8B0BBA" box="[495,645,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">G. baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as rare, and there are only four published records after Teo & Rajathurai (1997). The first was of one seen alive in the mouth of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FC8A43AA7D6D0A5E" baseAuthorityName="Xu & Teo" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[886,1123,1267,1293]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Calliophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivirgatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FC8A43AA7D6D0A5E" box="[886,1123,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Calliophis bivirgatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at MRP on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FB1643AA7C920A5E" box="[1258,1436,1267,1293]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2013-08-13">13 August 2013</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FF02424E78880A62" author="Mejia, M." box="[254,390,1303,1329]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="110" refId="ref330755" refString="Mejia, M. (2014) Blue Malayan coral snake biting orange-bellied ringneck. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014, 110." type="journal article" year="2014">Mejia 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The second was of one photographed perched on a fern at Bukit Kalang on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FB0C424E7C920A62" box="[1264,1436,1303,1329]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2017-03-29">29 March 2017</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FF03426278980A06" author="Butler, C." box="[255,406,1339,1365]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="55 - 56" refId="ref293910" refString="Butler, C. (2017 a) Orange-bellied ring-neck snake at Bukit Kalang. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2017, 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="2017">Butler 2017a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), followed by one seen eating a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FD0342627A7A0A06" box="[767,884,1339,1365]" class="Arachnida" family="Ctenidae" genus="Ctenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FD0342627A430A06" box="[767,845,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Ctenus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at MRP on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FC0742627D910A06" box="[1019,1183,1339,1365]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2019-08-09">9 August 2019</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6468E794FF3AB8D6FB5142627C510A06" author="Chapman, H." box="[1197,1375,1339,1365]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="102 - 103" refId="ref295824" refString="Chapman, H. (2019) Orange-bellied ringneck snake eating spider. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2019, 102 - 103." type="journal article" year="2019">Chapman 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The last record was reported by Teo & Thomas (2019) based on an observation near the visitor centre of BTNR from 2012. An unpublished record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3AB8D6FD5242DA7A460ACE" authorityName="Pauwels" authorityYear="2003" box="[686,840,1411,1437]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gongylosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baliodeira">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FD5242DA7A460ACE" box="[686,840,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">G. baliodeira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from UPRR on
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FBF542DA7DED0ACE" box="[1033,1251,1411,1437]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2013-12-24">24 December 2013</date>
|
||
(N. Baker pers. comm.) is illustrated here in
|
||
<figureCitation id="98C286E0FF3AB8D6FDC542FE7BB80A92" box="[569,694,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="362.[152,255,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,181,1920]" captionTargetId="figure-34@362.[153,1435,181,1922]" captionTargetPageId="362" captionText="FIGURE 18. A) Boiga cynodon, B) Boiga drapiezii, C) Boiga jaspidea, D) Boiga melanota, E) Coelognathus flavolineatus, F) Gongylosoma baliodeira, G) Gonyosoma oxycephalum, and H) Liopeltis tricolor. Photographs by: Alex Figueroa [A, D, G], Kelvin K.P. Lim [B, C, H], Norman T.-L. Lim [E], and Nick Baker [F]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7960355" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7960355/files/figure.png" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Figure
|
||
<specimenCount id="16FF51ECFF3AB8D6FD7542FE7BB80A92" box="[649,694,1447,1473]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="generic">18F</specimenCount>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B42937D7F0AB6" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,1137,1482,1509]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B429378240AB7" bold="true" box="[151,298,1482,1508]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Occurrence.</emphasis>
|
||
Restricted to CNR and surrounding Nature Parks and forests. Uncommon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D6FF6B42B77B09097E" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B42B77B96095A" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,664,1518,1545]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B42B77B0A095A" bold="true" box="[151,516,1518,1545]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FF6B42B7781E095B" box="[151,272,1518,1544]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
conservation status.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Endangered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B414B7B09097E" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,519,1554,1581]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B414B78AF097F" bold="true" box="[151,417,1554,1580]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Conservation priority.</emphasis>
|
||
Highest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D6FF6B416F7BDB0902" box="[151,725,1590,1617]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B416F7BDB0902" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,725,1590,1617]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B416F78DC0902" bold="true" box="[151,466,1590,1617]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">IUCN conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Least Concern [2012].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="48E3C9EEFF3AB8D7FF6B4103788C0E12" lastPageId="161" lastPageNumber="162" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B41037D5E09B2" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B41037AA20926" bold="true" box="[151,940,1626,1653]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FF6B41037AAA0926" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688776" box="[151,932,1626,1653]" collectionCode="LKCNHM, NHMUK, SRF" collectorName="Museum" location="Bukit Kalang" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FF6B410378160927" box="[151,280,1626,1652]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">LKCNHM</collectionCode>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FEBC410278A00926" box="[320,430,1627,1653]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectorName id="AD0CFFB3FF3AB8D6FE4B41027B110926" box="[439,543,1627,1653]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Museum</collectorName>
|
||
specimens.
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FD4C41037A5D0926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FD4C41037A5D0926" box="[688,851,1626,1653]" name="Bukit Kalang" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bukit Kalang</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FC9E41037A970927" box="[866,921,1626,1652]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14015" name="Shangrao Forestry Institute" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="Herbarium">SRF</collectionCode>
|
||
]
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FC4941027C990927" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120687952" box="[949,1431,1626,1653]" collectingDate="2006-10-05" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Bukit Timah" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FC4941027AE30926" box="[949,1005,1627,1653]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.6219 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FBB341037DEA0926" box="[1103,1252,1626,1653]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2006-10-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FBB341037DEA0926" box="[1103,1252,1626,1653]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2006-10-05">05-Oct-2006</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FB0541037C990927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FB0541037C990927" box="[1273,1431,1626,1652]" name="Bukit Timah" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FB0541037C990927" bold="true" box="[1273,1431,1626,1652]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Bukit Timah</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FA6B41037C920927" bold="true" box="[1431,1436,1626,1652]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FF0B41267B3B09CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688499" box="[247,565,1662,1689]" collectingDate="1923-02-05" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FF0B4126782109CA" box="[247,303,1663,1689]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2608 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FE6B41277B2209CA" box="[407,556,1662,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1923-02-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FE6B41277B2209CA" box="[407,556,1662,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1923-02-05">05-Feb-1923</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FDBB41267D6909CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688066" box="[583,1127,1662,1689]" collectingDate="1923-06" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Mandai Lake" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FDBB41267B7109CA" box="[583,639,1663,1689]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2609 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FD1A41267A5B09CA" box="[742,853,1663,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1923-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FD1A41267A5B09CA" box="[742,853,1663,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1923-06">Jun-1923</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FC9241277D6909CA" bold="true" box="[878,1127,1662,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FC9241277D1809CA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FC9241277D1809CA" box="[878,1046,1662,1689]" name="Mandai Lake" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Mandai Lake</location>
|
||
Road
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FB9B41267D6209CA" bold="true" box="[1127,1132,1663,1689]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FB8541267BD809EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688265" collectingDate="1987-11" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Old Upper Thomson Road" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FB8541267DBF09CA" box="[1145,1201,1663,1689]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2303–
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FAEE41267C4409CA" box="[1298,1354,1663,1689]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.2304 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FF0341FA787909EE" box="[255,375,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1987-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FF0341FA787909EE" box="[255,375,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1987-11">Nov-1987</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FE7141FB7BD809EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FE7141FB7BD809EE" box="[397,726,1698,1725]" name="Old Upper Thomson Road" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE7141FB7BD809EE" bold="true" box="[397,726,1698,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Old Upper Thomson Road</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FD2A41FA7BD509EE" bold="true" box="[726,731,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FD1941FB7C0D09EE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689475" box="[741,1283,1698,1725]" collectingDate="1992-07-19" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Sime Road Forest" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FD1941FB7A1009EE" box="[741,798,1698,1725]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.3365 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FC7E41FA7D0009EE" box="[898,1038,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1992-07-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FC7E41FA7D0009EE" box="[898,1038,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1992-07-19">19-Jul-1992</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FBD941FB7C0D09EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FBD941FB7C0D09EE" box="[1061,1283,1698,1725]" name="Sime Road Forest" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FBD941FB7C0D09EE" bold="true" box="[1061,1283,1698,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Sime Road Forest</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FAFF41FA7C0609EE" bold="true" box="[1283,1288,1699,1725]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FAEE41FB7A0209B2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120689450" collectingDate="1997-02-12" collectionCode="ZRC" location="Upper Peirce Reservoir Road" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FAEE41FB7C4409EE" box="[1298,1354,1698,1725]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.3534 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FF03419E789B09B2" box="[255,405,1735,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1997-02-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FF03419E789B09B2" box="[255,405,1735,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="1997-02-12">12-Feb-1997</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
);
|
||
<location id="0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FE55419E7A0209B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:88502B73FF05B8D7FF6B4063788C0E12:0526CCBEFF3AB8D6FE55419E7A0209B2" box="[425,780,1734,1761]" name="Upper Peirce Reservoir Road" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FE55419E7A0209B2" bold="true" box="[425,780,1734,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Upper Peirce Reservoir Road</emphasis>
|
||
</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FCF0419E7A1F09B2" bold="true" box="[780,785,1735,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B0919038FF3AB8D6FCE4419F7D4209B2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4120688922" box="[792,1100,1734,1761]" collectingDate="2008-06-11" collectionCode="ZRC" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectionCode id="66E802A0FF3AB8D6FCE4419F7A5F09B2" box="[792,849,1734,1761]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">ZRC</collectionCode>
|
||
.2.6705 (
|
||
<date id="7447BCA5FF3AB8D6FC4E419E7D4A09B2" box="[946,1092,1735,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2008-06-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="6403454DFF3AB8D6FC4E419E7D4A09B2" box="[946,1092,1735,1761]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" value="2008-06-11">11-Jun-2008</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B41B37A390856" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" box="[151,823,1770,1797]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B41B37B840857" bold="true" box="[151,650,1770,1797]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
Additional
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FEE241B378990857" box="[286,407,1770,1796]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
museum specimens.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
No specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3AB8D6FF6B40577D4B08C6" blockId="160.[151,1437,150,1941]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3AB8D6FF6B40577886087B" bold="true" box="[151,392,1806,1832]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="78EEDAF5FF3AB8D6FF6B4057781E087B" box="[151,272,1806,1832]" name="Singapore" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Singapore</collectingCountry>
|
||
localities.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Bukit Timah (not specified)—Bukit Timah Nature Reserve—Lower Peirce Forest—Mandai Lake Road—Old Upper Thomson Road—Rifle Range Forest—Rifle Range Road—Sime Road Forest— Singapore Island Country Club—Thomson Ridge Forest—Upper Peirce West Forest—Upper Peirce Reservoir Park—Upper Peirce Reservoir Road—Upper Peirce West Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3BB8D7FDF247CE7D2B0FE2" blockId="161.[526,1061,151,177]" box="[526,1061,151,177]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3BB8D7FDF247CE7D2B0FE2" bold="true" box="[526,1061,151,177]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3BB8D7FD9A47CE7A900FE2" authority="Wagler, 1828" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[614,926,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gonyosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3BB8D7FD9A47CE7BFB0FE2" bold="true" box="[614,757,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Gonyosoma</emphasis>
|
||
Wagler, 1828
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1 species)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="00469A65FF3BB8D7FF6B47B9788C0E12" blockId="161.[151,1436,223,322]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3BB8D7FF6B47B978CF0FAA" authority="Wagler, 1828" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,449,223,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gonyosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3BB8D7FF6B47B978130FA9" box="[151,285,224,250]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Gonyosoma</emphasis>
|
||
Wagler, 1828
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: pl. 9, 2 unnumbered pages of caption (
|
||
<typeStatus id="DF4224C7FF3BB8D7FC7247867ACE0FAA" box="[910,960,223,249]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3BB8D7FBD747B97C920FAA" authority="Wagler, 1828" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1828" box="[1067,1436,223,250]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Gonyosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="viride">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3BB8D7FBD747B97DF50FAA" box="[1067,1275,223,250]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Gonyosoma viride</emphasis>
|
||
Wagler, 1828
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C7F9E1E6FF3BB8D7FEE4465A7B680E4E" authority="H. Boie" authorityName="H. Boie" box="[280,614,259,286]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Coluber" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="328D4677FF3BB8D7FEE4465A7B080E4E" box="[280,518,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Coluber oxycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
H. Boie
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in F. Boie, 1827], by monotypy; gender neuter [see Opinion 490, ICZN, 1957: 181]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |