254 lines
32 KiB
XML
254 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="EFE2B15C49DF8F2AF89B7EA057C0FA29">A new species of crown-antlered deer Stephanocemas (Artiodactyla, Cervidae) from the middle Miocene of Qaidam Basin, northern Tibetan Plateau, China, and a preliminary evaluation of its phylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD74DC88A76ED45ABDC07CC613AA33E5">Wang, Xiaoming</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="19A6DF4DDDAF7415D246563C219ED0C1">Xie, Guangpu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="9FCB272D01ABCD338FE8698363910729">Dong, Wei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0878CAC86899DBB15EC71075817A3169">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5D093E3BFFACFFCB8BEEFC4DFF41FB8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748121" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190875348" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5748121" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D093E3BFFACFFCB8BEEFC4DFF41FB8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D093E3BFFACFFCB8BEEFC4DFF41FB8A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="690" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">
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<subSubSection id="9DBADCA6FFACFFC98BEEFC4DFA9AFC73" box="[948,1319,950,972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFACFFC98BEEFC4DFA9AFC73" blockId="8.[948,1319,950,972]" box="[948,1319,950,972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">
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<heading id="8E573841FFACFFC98BEEFC4DFA9AFC73" allCaps="true" box="[948,1319,950,972]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" reason="9">
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<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFACFFC98BEEFC4DFB1EFC73" authority="SP." authorityName="SP." box="[948,1187,951,972]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98BEEFC4DFBC5FC75" box="[948,1144,951,972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">STEPHANOCEMAS</emphasis>
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SP.
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="4D9B93A8FFACFFC98CEFFC4CFABCFC73" box="[1205,1281,950,972]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[144,223,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[367,1199,197,1063]" captionTargetId="figure-66@9.[367,1199,197,1063]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. IVPP V15725, Stephanocemas sp. from IVPP locality CD9818. A, stereophoto of dorsal view, B, lateral view, and C, ventral view of partial antler." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687785/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">FIGS 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="4D9B93A8FFACFFC98D4BFC4CFAA2FC73" box="[1297,1311,950,972]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[144,223,1685,1704]" captionTargetBox="[367,1199,1188,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-92@9.[367,1199,1188,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. IVPP V15726, Stephanocemas sp. from IVPP locality CD0406. A, dorsal, and B, ventral views of antler fragment. Scale is for both views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687787/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">8</figureCitation>
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)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9DBADCA6FFACFFCB8B60FC27FF41FB8A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="690" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFACFFC98B60FC27FA37FB77" blockId="8.[826,1441,989,1225]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">
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<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98B60FC27FBA7FC4D" box="[826,1050,989,1010]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Referred materials:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="65C88570FFACFFC98C7DFC27FC7DFBAE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413072304" accessionNumber="V15725" collectionCode="IVPP" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98C7DFC27FBD9FC4D" box="[1063,1124,989,1010]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFACFFC98C2AFC27FB7AFC4C" box="[1136,1223,989,1011]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
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(
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<figureCitation id="4D9B93A8FFACFFC98C86FC27FAA3FC4D" box="[1244,1310,989,1011]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="9.[144,223,1092,1111]" captionTargetBox="[367,1199,197,1063]" captionTargetId="figure-66@9.[367,1199,197,1063]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 7. IVPP V15725, Stephanocemas sp. from IVPP locality CD9818. A, stereophoto of dorsal view, B, lateral view, and C, ventral view of partial antler." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687785/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
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), a partial antler from
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="65C88570FFACFFC98B97FC06FC7DFBD3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413072306" collectingDate="1998-07-08" collectionCode="IVPP" collectorName="Feng Wenqing" latitude="37.236835" location="Keluke" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="96.74716" municipality="eastern Qaidam Basin" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" specimenCode="CD9818" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98B97FC06FBB7FBAE" box="[973,1034,1020,1041]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="85062756FFACFFC98C4FFC06FBCDFBAE" box="[1045,1136,1020,1041]" collectionCode="IVPP" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">CD9818</specimenCode>
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(
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<geoCoordinate id="B094E9EAFFACFFC98CDEFC06FA8CFBAE" box="[1156,1329,1018,1041]" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" precision="1" seconds="12.6" value="37.236835">N37° 14′ 12.6″</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="B094E9EAFFACFFC98D67FC01FCC9FB8F" degrees="96" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" precision="1" seconds="49.8" value="96.74716">E96° 44′ 49.8″</geoCoordinate>
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), in the north limb of the
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<location id="D07FD9F6FFACFFC98CC7FBE0FB53FB8F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D093E3BFFACFFCB8BEEFC4DFF41FB8A:D07FD9F6FFACFFC98CC7FBE0FB53FB8F" box="[1181,1262,1050,1072]" latitude="37.236835" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="96.74716" municipality="eastern Qaidam Basin" name="Keluke" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Keluke</location>
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anticline of the
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<collectingMunicipality id="357B1557FFACFFC98B60FBC3FB83FBF0" box="[826,1086,1081,1103]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">eastern Qaidam Basin</collectingMunicipality>
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, collected by
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<collectorName id="7855EAFBFFACFFC98C82FBC3FAC3FBF0" box="[1240,1406,1081,1103]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Feng Wenqing</collectorName>
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on
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<date id="A11EA9EDFFACFFC98B60FBADFC7DFBD3" box="[826,960,1111,1133]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" value="1998-07-08">
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<collectingDate id="B15A5005FFACFFC98B60FBADFC7DFBD3" box="[826,960,1111,1133]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" value="1998-07-08">8 July 1998</collectingDate>
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</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="65C88570FFACFFC98B91FBA2FCD2FB33" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413072308" accessionNumber="V15726" collectionCode="IVPP" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98B91FBA2FBB5FBD2" box="[971,1032,1112,1133]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFACFFC98C54FBADFBD9FBD2" box="[1038,1124,1111,1133]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
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(
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<figureCitation id="4D9B93A8FFACFFC98C29FBADFB09FBD2" box="[1139,1204,1111,1133]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="9.[144,223,1685,1704]" captionTargetBox="[367,1199,1188,1655]" captionTargetId="figure-92@9.[367,1199,1188,1655]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 8. IVPP V15726, Stephanocemas sp. from IVPP locality CD0406. A, dorsal, and B, ventral views of antler fragment. Scale is for both views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687787/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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), an antler fragment from
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="65C88570FFACFFC98B2DFB8CFA3BFB77" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413072307" collectingDate="2004-09-03" collectionCode="IVPP" collectorName="Ni Xijun" latitude="36.981808" location="Bayin Mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.39147" municipality="eastern Qaidam Basin" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" specimenCode="CD0406" specimenCount="1">
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||
<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98B2DFB8CFC09FB34" box="[887,948,1142,1163]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="85062756FFACFFC98BE1FB8CFBAAFB33" box="[955,1047,1142,1164]" collectionCode="IVPP" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">CD0406</specimenCode>
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||
(
|
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<geoCoordinate id="B094E9EAFFACFFC98C7CFB8CFB77FB34" box="[1062,1226,1140,1164]" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" precision="1" seconds="54.5" value="36.981808">N36° 58′ 54.5″</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="B094E9EAFFACFFC98C88FB8CFACEFB34" box="[1234,1395,1140,1163]" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" precision="1" seconds="29.3" value="97.39147">E97° 23′ 29.3″</geoCoordinate>
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||
), in the
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<location id="D07FD9F6FFACFFC98B31FB6EFB96FB15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D093E3BFFACFFCB8BEEFC4DFF41FB8A:D07FD9F6FFACFFC98B31FB6EFB96FB15" box="[875,1067,1172,1194]" latitude="36.981808" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="97.39147" municipality="eastern Qaidam Basin" name="Bayin Mountain" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Bayin Mountain</location>
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||
section of the
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<collectingMunicipality id="357B1557FFACFFC98CBFFB6FFCC3FB76" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">eastern Qaidam Basin</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="7855EAFBFFACFFC98C47FB49FB3CFB76" box="[1053,1153,1203,1225]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Ni Xijun</collectorName>
|
||
on
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||
<date id="A11EA9EDFFACFFC98CEAFB49FA3BFB77" box="[1200,1414,1203,1225]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" value="2004-09-03">
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||
<collectingDate id="B15A5005FFACFFC98CEAFB49FA3BFB77" box="[1200,1414,1203,1225]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" value="2004-09-03">3 September 2004</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFACFFC88B60FB0FFD19F8D1" blockId="8.[826,1441,1269,1903]" lastBlockId="9.[144,759,1789,1903]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="689" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">
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<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98B60FB0FFC5BFAB5" box="[826,998,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Geological age:</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98BB5FB0FFB91FAB5" box="[1007,1068,1269,1290]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
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locality CD9818 is in the upper range of the Olongbuluk Fauna (
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<bibRefCitation id="B131F2DCFFACFFC98C93FAEEFA27FA95" author="Wang X & Qiu Z-D & Li Q & Wang B-Y & Qiu Z-X & Downs WR & Xie G-P & Xie J-Y & Deng T & Takeuchi GT & Tseng ZJ & Chang M-M & Liu J & Wang Y & Biasatti D & Sun Z & Fang X & Meng Q" box="[1225,1434,1299,1322]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" pagination="363 - 385" refId="ref10645" refString="Wang X, Qiu Z-D, Li Q, Wang B-Y, Qiu Z-X, Downs WR, Xie G-P, Xie J-Y, Deng T, Takeuchi GT, Tseng ZJ, Chang M-M, Liu J, Wang Y, Biasatti D, Sun Z, Fang X, Meng Q. 2007. Vertebrate paleontology, biostratigraphy, geochronology, and paleoenvironment of Qaidam Basin in northern Tibetan Plateau. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 254: 363 - 385." type="journal article" year="2007">
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||
Wang
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<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98D4DFAEEFAF2FA97" box="[1303,1359,1299,1321]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">et al.</emphasis>
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||
, 2007
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
) and has been palaeomagnetically estimated to be between 12–13 Mya (
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<bibRefCitation id="B131F2DCFFACFFC98C69FAABFB41FAD8" author="Fang X & Zhang W & Meng Q & Gao J & Wang X & King J & Song C & Dai S & Miao Y" box="[1075,1276,1361,1383]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" pagination="293 - 306" refId="ref9416" refString="Fang X, Zhang W, Meng Q, Gao J, Wang X, King J, Song C, Dai S, Miao Y. 2007. High-resolution magnetostratigraphy of the Neogene Huaitoutala section in the eastern Qaidam Basin on the NE Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Province, China and its implication on tectonic uplift of the NE Tibetan Plateau. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 258: 293 - 306." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fang
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||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98C22FAABFB0DFAD9" box="[1144,1200,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This locality also produced an antler fragment of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFACFFC98D44FA8AFA27FA3A" authorityName="Roger" authorityYear="1904" box="[1310,1434,1392,1413]" class="Mammalia" family="Palaeomerycidae" genus="Lagomeryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98D44FA8AFA27FA3A" box="[1310,1434,1392,1413]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Lagomeryx</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another early cervid frequently associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFACFFC98B60FA56FC54FA7E" box="[826,1001,1452,1473]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98B60FA56FC54FA7E" box="[826,1001,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">Stephanocemas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Bayin Mountain exposures, to the east of the fossiliferous Naoge area, have yielded few vertebrates, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFACFFC98C70FA10FBDAFA40" box="[1066,1127,1514,1535]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">IVPP</collectionCode>
|
||
CD0406 is one of a handful that produced identifiable materials. CD0406 has been correlated with the Olongbuluk Fauna as well, based on section measurements and biostratigraphical comparisons (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B131F2DCFFACFFC98C54F99EFB5AF9C5" author="Wang X & Qiu Z-D & Li Q & Wang B-Y & Qiu Z-X & Downs WR & Xie G-P & Xie J-Y & Deng T & Takeuchi GT & Tseng ZJ & Chang M-M & Liu J & Wang Y & Biasatti D & Sun Z & Fang X & Meng Q" box="[1038,1255,1636,1658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" pagination="363 - 385" refId="ref10645" refString="Wang X, Qiu Z-D, Li Q, Wang B-Y, Qiu Z-X, Downs WR, Xie G-P, Xie J-Y, Deng T, Takeuchi GT, Tseng ZJ, Chang M-M, Liu J, Wang Y, Biasatti D, Sun Z, Fang X, Meng Q. 2007. Vertebrate paleontology, biostratigraphy, geochronology, and paleoenvironment of Qaidam Basin in northern Tibetan Plateau. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 254: 363 - 385." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFACFFC98C05F99FFB2AF9C6" box="[1119,1175,1636,1658]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="688">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Lithologically, CD0406 and CD9818 are both in the predominantly greenish sandstones. Vertebrate fossils in the Olongbuluk Fauna in both sections (Huaitoutala and Bayin Mountain) are relatively rare, and a precise correlation of the two localities, separated by a distance of
|
||
<quantity id="125822C8FFACFFC98B60F8E1FC3EF88D" box="[826,899,1819,1842]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="688" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
|
||
, is not possible at this moment. It is likely, however, that both CD0406 and CD9818 are stratigraphically lower than beds that produced
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFADFFC888CAF907FE91F8AD" authorityName="Wang & Xie & Dong" authorityYear="2009" box="[144,300,1789,1810]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC888CAF907FE91F8AD" box="[144,300,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">S. palmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Barun Yawula, and that all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFADFFC888CAF8E6FE82F88E" box="[144,319,1820,1841]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC888CAF8E6FE82F88E" box="[144,319,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Stephanocemas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-producing localities in the Qaidam Basin are middle Miocene in age (see further discussion in ‘Geology and age’ under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFADFFC88A52F8A3FD29F8D1" authorityName="Wang & Xie & Dong" authorityYear="2009" box="[520,660,1881,1902]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC88A52F8A3FD29F8D1" box="[520,660,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">S. palmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="81DFDFA5FFADFFC888CAFBBEFDA2FBCA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687785" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687785" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687785/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" startId="9.[144,223,1092,1111]" targetBox="[367,1199,197,1063]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFADFFC888CAFBBEFDA2FBCA" blockId="9.[144,1421,1092,1141]" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC888CAFBBEFF45FBE8" bold="true" box="[144,248,1092,1111]" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
IVPP
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFADFFC8891FFBBEFE2BFBE8" box="[325,406,1092,1111]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFADFFC889F9FBBEFDD1FBE7" authority="sp." authorityName="SP." box="[419,620,1092,1112]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="688" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC889F9FBBEFDF9FBE8" box="[419,580,1092,1111]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Stephanocemas</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from IVPP locality CD9818. A, stereophoto of dorsal view, B, lateral view, and C, ventral view of partial antler.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="81DFDFA5FFADFFC888CAF96FFE44F97A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687787" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687787/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" startId="9.[144,223,1685,1704]" targetBox="[367,1199,1188,1655]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFADFFC888CAF96FFE44F97A" blockId="9.[144,1421,1685,1733]" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC888CAF96FFF45F917" bold="true" box="[144,248,1685,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
IVPP
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFADFFC88912F96FFE27F917" box="[328,410,1685,1704]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFADFFC889F0F96FFDCBF917" authority="sp." authorityName="SP." box="[426,630,1685,1704]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="9" pageNumber="688" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC889F0F96FFDF6F917" box="[426,587,1685,1704]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Stephanocemas</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from IVPP locality CD0406. A, dorsal, and B, ventral views of antler fragment. Scale is for both views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFADFFCB8B7CF904FE3AFD37" blockId="9.[806,1421,1789,1903]" lastBlockId="10.[164,779,198,1077]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="690" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFADFFC88B7CF904FBCCF8AC" box="[806,1137,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">Description and comparison:</emphasis>
|
||
Both
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFADFFC88CE6F907FB44F8AD" box="[1212,1273,1789,1810]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="9" pageNumber="689">IVPP</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFADFFC88D58F907FAE4F8AC" box="[1282,1369,1789,1811]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFADFFC88B7CF8E1FCC0F88E" box="[806,893,1819,1841]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="9" pageNumber="689" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
|
||
are of similarly small sizes, but lack of additional materials from their respective localities makes it difficult to judge if they belong to juvenile individuals. Although their tips are mostly missing,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB8AEEFF3CFCB6FF63" box="[692,779,198,220]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
has at least six tines, and those for
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB8A0FFF1EFD11FF45" box="[597,684,228,250]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
|
||
are not clear because only the posterior half the palm is preserved. The presumed posterior tine on
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB8AEEFEDBFCB6FE88" box="[692,779,289,311]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
is short, broad-tipped, and vaguely suggestive of a branched tip. If the latter is not an artefact of weathering, it recalls the condition in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFAEFFCB8A60FE84FD77FE2D" authorityName="Wang & Xie & Dong" authorityYear="2009" box="[570,714,381,403]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB8A60FE84FD77FE2D" box="[570,714,381,403]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">S. palmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The pedicel is partially preserved in
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB8A72FE66FD3CFE0D" box="[552,641,412,434]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
, suggesting that this antler was not shed during life. In contrast,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB88FEFE23FF47FE50" box="[164,250,473,495]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
|
||
has a distinct burr, as seen in most materials of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFAEFFCB8892FE02FECAFDB2" box="[200,375,504,525]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB8892FE02FECAFDB2" box="[200,375,504,525]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">Stephanocemas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both specimens display a relatively flat palm portion of the antler, and even a relatively mediolaterally expanded palm. They also possess a distinct dorsal ridge connecting the anterior and posterior tines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D51F8F2DFFAEFFCB88E6FD6BFF41FB8A" blockId="10.[164,779,198,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">
|
||
The latter two features are perhaps the most revealing about phylogenetic relationships. Whereas a flat and laterally expanded palm may indicate affinity with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFAEFFCB8959FD17FE31FCBD" authorityName="Wang & Xie & Dong" authorityYear="2009" box="[259,396,749,770]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB8959FD17FE31FCBD" box="[259,396,749,770]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">S. palmatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the dorsal ridge, however, seems to imply a more primitive status as seen in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFAEFFCB88FEFCD0FEEDFC80" baseAuthorityName="Gabuniya" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[164,336,810,831]" class="Mammalia" family="Cervidae" genus="Paradicrocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB88FEFCD0FEEDFC80" box="[164,336,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">Paradicrocerus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and possibly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="12A0F4AEFFAEFFCB8A75FCD0FD70FC80" box="[559,717,810,831]" class="Mammalia" family="Lagomerycidae" genus="Stephanocemas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="actauensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB8A75FCD0FD70FC80" box="[559,717,810,831]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">S. actauensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[the illustration in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B131F2DCFFAEFFCB8916FCB2FDDFFCE1" author="Tleuberdina FA & Bayshashov BU & Abdrachmanova LT" box="[332,610,840,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" pagination="92 - 115" refId="ref10518" refString="Tleuberdina FA, Bayshashov BU, Abdrachmanova LT. 1993. Rannemiotsenovaya fauna mlekopitayushchikh Dzhungarskogo Alatau (gory Aktau) [Early Miocene mammalian fauna of Dzhungarian Alatau (Aktau Mountain)]. In: Tleuberdina FA, ed. Faunisticheskie I Floristicheskie Kompleksy Mezozoya I Kainozoya Kazahstana [Faunistic and Floristic Complexes of Kazakhstan's Mesozoic and Cenozoic]. Almaty: Baspager, 92 - 115." type="book chapter" year="1993">
|
||
Tleuberdina
|
||
<emphasis id="E7D4533FFFAEFFCB89BAFCB3FDA5FCE2" box="[480,536,840,862]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(1993
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: pl. XI, fig. 2a, b) is not clear enough to be sure of this feature]. Future discoveries may prove that
|
||
<collectionCode id="B3B117E8FFAEFFCB8A66FC7CFDC4FC24" box="[572,633,902,923]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/wd8c-kdma" name="Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology" pageId="10" pageNumber="690">IVPP</collectionCode>
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB8ADBFC7FFD6AFC24" box="[641,727,901,923]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15725" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15725</accessionNumber>
|
||
and
|
||
<accessionNumber id="CAF312CEFFAEFFCB88FEFC5EFF47FC05" box="[164,250,932,954]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/V15726" pageId="10" pageNumber="690" type="EnaNcbi">V15726</accessionNumber>
|
||
belong to a distinct species of their own if such a unique combination of primitive and derived characters is confirmed, but because of the poor state of preservations we refrain from naming a new species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |