292 lines
34 KiB
XML
292 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="0804B24E33E6F8346AD50F63FFA11DE8" ID-CLB-Dataset="8447" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e414fcb2-3e3e-4388-8f1c-4aa374bb2a89" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411551" ID-ZooBank="A2E85BBC-F1DA-41FE-B2A2-AA086F39186E" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1609608517266" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio, Costa, Valmir Antonio & Zucchi, Roberto Antonio" docDate="2020" docId="1137956EFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFC2FFA4D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4858.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4858 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Coptera haywardi Loiacono 1981" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="ED0EED16FFBDFFF4FFB0B115FF94FFA8" masterDocTitle="Annotated checklist and illustrated key to parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae Eulophidae and Pteromalidae) of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1698851455087" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D27F6813C580D610AE09837D136CACF5">Annotated checklist and illustrated key to parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae Eulophidae and Pteromalidae) of fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F48E76841C1AC063FA08F3A3EC8223C4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CF65BD1FAE96FC3077386F8059EF97E3">Shimbori, Eduardo Mitio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="744271E0740236F92060BC8771867128">shimbori @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4655 - 2591</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="87D83FE81FE16EAF85F7004A0220057B" type="email">shimbori@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B99F2BE14F736410C5B091E45C7A74D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="44F0A56E739E37259505CE070D7D042F">Costa, Valmir Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BEAA7CF6D172DCC4F968D66A89655BD3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0122-3567</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="53795CB0A14727756F1AB427A56707DC">Instituto Biológico, Centro Avançado de Pesquisa em Proteção de Plantas e Saúde Animal, Alameda dos Vidoeiros 1097, 13101 - 680 Campinas, SP, Brasil. valmir. costa @ sp. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0122 - 3567</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7973D44F695FECA093A2D2F71E1853CA" type="email">valmir.costa@sp.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D4DF8C032C30CB3878ACA4039100CC2A">Zucchi, Roberto Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9A7F20E7DB2973A4A750F51DF3BCE8F6">razucchi @ usp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9861 - 7460</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B782DFA8C03D3A5B83D39C9EB6E00D1C" type="email">razucchi@usp.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="90844B6381FDD622D89B30D68FC83C7E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="33E722B0A0654EE33D4202AC83C4BF56">
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<mods:date id="C43E3C06599DA03728C984AC4C66EC34">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="22BDA375F161AB7788538945640E4009">2020-09-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D0010145638F6C7108CE9BAC4B6FD043">4858</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5459628A1669ED71C40B2F138196FFE4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4858.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1137956EFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFC2FFA4D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411525" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177211942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4411525" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1137956EFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFC2FFA4D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1137956EFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFC2FFA4D" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<subSubSection id="D18477F3FFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFDA0FDB0" box="[151,564,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFDA0FDB0" blockId="5.[151,564,510,573]" box="[151,564,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<heading id="C2699314FFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFDA0FDB0" bold="true" box="[151,564,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFDA0FDB0" authority="Loiacono, 1981" authorityName="Loiacono" authorityYear="1981" box="[151,564,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haywardi">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFDA0FDB0" bold="true" box="[151,564,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF27B0EAFEFBFDB1" bold="true" box="[151,367,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Coptera haywardi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FEC6B0EBFDA0FDB0" author="Loiacono, M. S." box="[374,564,510,537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="237 - 241" refId="ref12315" refString="Loiacono, M. S. (1981) Notas sobre Diapriinae neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 40, 237 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Loiácono, 1981</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D18477F3FFB8FFF1FF27B336FF6DFD95" box="[151,249,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="description">
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<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF27B336FF6DFD95" blockId="5.[151,564,510,573]" box="[151,249,547,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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(
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<figureCitation id="01A538FDFFB8FFF1FF10B336FF65FD95" box="[160,241,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–17" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[178,1409,181,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-21@10.[178,1409,181,1793]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 9–17. 9–11, Head: 9, Spalangia endius; 10, Spalangia gemina; 11, Spalangia simplex. 12–14, Pro- and mesonotum (arrows at pronotal sculpturing): 12, S. endius; 13, S. gemina; 14, S. simplex (arrow at median pit of mesoscutum). 15–17, Fore wing: 15, S. simplex; 16, Trichopria sp. aff. anastrephae; 17, Coptera haywardi (adapted from Loiácono 1981). (bar = 0.2 mm)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4411557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4411557/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D18477F3FFB8FFF1FF27B37FFB0AFBF1" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF27B37FFC92FCF5" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF27B37FFE86FD2C" bold="true" box="[151,274,618,644]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Black with reddish-brown legs; head in dorsal view nearly as wide as long, vertex and occipital margin marked with large punctures; fore wing without distinct veins, but with longitudinal fold line, ending apically in a distinct notch in both sexes; metasomal petiole with complete median carina. This species is similar to
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FAF0B3A6FE32FD59" authority="Muesebeck" authorityName="Muesebeck" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomonellae">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FAF0B3A6FE8EFD59" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Coptera pomonellae</emphasis>
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Muesebeck
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</taxonomicName>
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, differing mainly in the proportion between the eye and the malar space (larger in
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FAC5B3C2FE8EFCBD" authorityName="Muesebeck" authorityYear="1980" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomonellae">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FAC5B3C2FE8EFCBD" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. pomonellae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) and the complete median carina on the petiole (incomplete in
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FC41B3EEFB31FCBD" authorityName="Muesebeck" authorityYear="1980" box="[1009,1189,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pomonellae">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FC41B3EEFB31FCBD" box="[1009,1189,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. pomonellae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). For the Neotropical species,
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FF45B20AFE1FFC91" box="[245,395,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haywardi">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF45B20AFE1FFC91" box="[245,395,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. haywardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FDB6B20AFCE7FC92" authority="(Ashmead)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" box="[518,883,799,826]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexpunctata">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FDB6B20AFD7AFC90" box="[518,750,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Coptera sexpunctata</emphasis>
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(Ashmead)
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</taxonomicName>
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, from which it can be distinguished by the smaller length/width ratio of head and petiole (
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FDFAB256FD6DFCF5" author="Loiacono, M. S." box="[586,761,835,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="237 - 241" refId="ref12315" refString="Loiacono, M. S. (1981) Notas sobre Diapriinae neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 40, 237 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Loiácono 1981</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF77B272FB0AFBF1" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF77B272FEDEFC29" bold="true" box="[199,330,871,897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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In the Neotropics, three species are known,
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FCE8B272FB1AFC2A" authority="(Kieffer)" baseAuthorityName="Kieffer" box="[856,1166,871,898]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipes">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FCE8B272FB89FC29" box="[856,1053,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Coptera brevipes</emphasis>
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(Kieffer)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FB2CB272FAA3FC29" box="[1180,1335,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haywardi">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FB2CB272FAA3FC29" box="[1180,1335,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. haywardi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FAC5B272FE89FC0C" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sexpunctata">
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FAC5B272FE89FC0C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. sexpunctata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FE9CB29EFE58FC0D" author="Johnson, N." box="[300,460,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 825" refId="ref11822" refString="Johnson, N. (1992) Catalog of world Proctotrupoidea excluding Platygastridae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 51, 1 - 825." type="journal article" year="1992">Johnson 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FE69B29EFDFFFC0D" author="Notton, D. G." box="[473,619,907,933]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 123" refId="ref13353" refString="Notton, D. G. (2014) A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London. European Journal of Taxonomy, 75, 1 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2014.75" type="journal article" year="2014">Notton 2014</bibRefCitation>
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). The only key including Neotropical species was published more than a century ago (
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FE9AB2BAFE54FC62" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[298,448,943,970]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 627" refId="ref11921" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1916) Diapriidae. Das Tierreich, 44, 1 - 627. http: // biostor. org / reference / 80288" type="journal article" year="1916">Kieffer 1916</bibRefCitation>
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), species identification is therefore problematic, and the revision of Nearctic species by
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FF27B2C6FEFCFC45" author="Muesebeck, C. F. W." box="[151,360,979,1005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refId="ref13080" refString="Muesebeck, C. F. W. (1980) The Nearctic parasitic wasps of the genera Psilus Panzer and Coptera Say (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea, Diapriidae). U. S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1617. United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, Washington, D. C., 71 pp." type="book" year="1980">Muesebeck (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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is helpful to some extent. In addition to those keys, a detailed, illustrated description is available for
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF0FB2E2FEC9FBB9" box="[191,349,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
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<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FF0FB2E2FECEFBB9" box="[191,346,1015,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haywardi">Co. haywardi</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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which allows comparison with reared material and more reliable identification (
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FB51B2E2FA04FBB9" author="Loiacono, M. S." box="[1249,1424,1015,1041]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="237 - 241" refId="ref12315" refString="Loiacono, M. S. (1981) Notas sobre Diapriinae neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 40, 237 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Loiácono 1981</bibRefCitation>
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). The Neotropical fauna is in urgent need of revision, and molecular characterization of the species seems to be important, since cryptic species have already been identified in this genus (
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<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FC71B52AFB06FBF1" author="Forbes, A. A. & Satar, S. & Hamerlink, G. & Nelson, A. E. & Smith, J. J." box="[961,1170,1087,1113]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="608 - 612" refId="ref11177" refString="Forbes, A. A., Satar, S., Hamerlink, G., Nelson, A. E. & Smith, J. J. (2012) DNA Barcodes and targeted sampling methods identify a new species and cryptic patterns of host specialization among North American Coptera (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae). Conservation Biology and Biodiversity, 105 (4), 608 - 612. https: // doi. org / 10.1603 / AN 12012" type="journal article" year="2012">
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Forbes
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<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FBA6B52AFBDAFBF1" box="[1046,1102,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D18477F3FFB8FFF1FF77B577FE2FFA34" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF77B577FEBFFA99" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF77B577FEB3FBD4" bold="true" box="[199,295,1122,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Endoparasitod koinobiont on pupae of tephritids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FCE2B576FBB9FBD5" author="Sivinski, J. & Vulinec, K. & Meneses, E. & Aluja, M." box="[850,1069,1123,1149]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref14695" refString="Sivinski, J., Vulinec, K., Meneses, E. & Aluja, M. (1998) The bionomics of Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Diapriidae: Hymenoptera) and other pupal parasitoids of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera). Biological Control, 11, 193 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / bcon. 1997.0597" type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Sivinski
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FC05B576FC78FBD5" box="[949,1004,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), such as
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FB26B576FAA1FBD5" box="[1174,1333,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FB26B576FAA5FBD5" box="[1174,1329,1123,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraterculus">A. fraterculus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FA8AB576FE60FB09" authority="Blanchard (Loiacono 1981)" authorityName="Blanchard (Loiacono" authorityYear="1981" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schultzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FA8AB576FF25FB08" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. schultzi</emphasis>
|
||
Blanchard (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FE8EB592FE78FB09" author="Loiacono, M. S." box="[318,492,1159,1185]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="237 - 241" refId="ref12315" refString="Loiacono, M. S. (1981) Notas sobre Diapriinae neotropicales (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae). Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 40, 237 - 241." type="journal article" year="1981">Loiácono 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FD9EB592FD63FB09" authority="(Loew)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[558,759,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludens">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FD9EB592FD0CFB09" box="[558,664,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. ludens</emphasis>
|
||
(Loew)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, infesting citrus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FC0EB592FBDEFB0A" author="Lopez, M." box="[958,1098,1159,1186]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" refId="ref12347" refString="Lopez, M. (1996) Padrones de parasitismo en moscas de la fruta del genero Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), en frutos nativos (Spondias mombin L. y Psidium guajava L.) y exocotos (Mangifera indica L. y Citrus sinensis L.). MSc thesis, Universidad de Veracruz, Xalapa, 109 pp." type="book" year="1996">López 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FBD0B592FB63FB08" authorityName="Lima" authorityYear="1940" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1120,1271,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serpentina">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FBD0B592FB63FB08" box="[1120,1271,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. serpentina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FA82B592FF79FB6D" authority="Schiner" authorityName="Schiner" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="striata">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FA82B592FA08FB08" box="[1330,1436,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. striata</emphasis>
|
||
Schiner
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FEA2B5BEFE11FB6D" box="[274,389,1195,1221]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FE24B5BEFD3EFB6D" author="Garcia, J. L. & Montilla, R." box="[404,682,1195,1221]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref11331" refString="Garcia, J. L. & Montilla, R. (2001) Coptera haywardi Loiacono (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) parasitoide de pupas de Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) en Venezuela. Entomotropica, 16, 191 - 195" type="journal article" year="2001">García & Montilla 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FD5FB5BEFC1DFB6D" box="[751,905,1195,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fraterculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FD5FB5BEFC1DFB6D" box="[751,905,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. fraterculus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FC71B5BEFBD8FB6D" box="[961,1100,1195,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Averrhoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sororcula">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FC71B5BEFBD8FB6D" box="[961,1100,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. sororcula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FBC1B5BEFB21FB6D" box="[1137,1205,1195,1221]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FB74B5BEFF62FB41" author="Aguiar-Menezes, E. L. & Menezes, E. B. & Loiacono, M. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="355 - 358" refId="ref9702" refString="Aguiar-Menezes, E. L., Menezes, E. B. & Loiacono, M. S. (2003) First record of Coptera haywardi Loiacono (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) as a parasitoid of fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 32, 355 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2003000200025" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Aguiar-Menezes
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FA38B5BEFF20FB41" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="D41C11C3FFB8FFF1FEBDB5DAFEF5FB41" box="[269,353,1231,1257]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,244,330,356]" captionTargetBox="[164,1394,492,1795]" captionText="TABLE 1. Distribution of parasitoids of the superfamilies Diaprioidea and Chalcidoidea, their tephritid hosts, and associated plants in Brazil." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CDE174F0FFBEFFF7FF27B05FFE50FE21" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" tableUuid="CDE174F0FFBEFFF7FF27B05FFE50FE21">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In the laboratory,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FDF5B5DAFD49FB41" box="[581,733,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Diapriidae" genus="Coptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haywardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FDF5B5DAFD49FB41" box="[581,733,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Co. haywardi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been reared from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FC6BB5DAFAEBFB41" authority="(Garcia & Montilla 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Garcia & Montilla" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[987,1407,1231,1257]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obliqua">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FC6BB5DAFBC6FB41" box="[987,1106,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. obliqua</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FBD1B5DAFAE3FB41" author="Garcia, J. L. & Montilla, R." box="[1121,1399,1231,1257]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="191 - 195" refId="ref11331" refString="Garcia, J. L. & Montilla, R. (2001) Coptera haywardi Loiacono (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) parasitoide de pupas de Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) en Venezuela. Entomotropica, 16, 191 - 195" type="journal article" year="2001">García & Montilla 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FA3CB5DAFE08FAA6" authority="(Loew, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suspensa">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FA3CB5DAFF68FAA4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A suspensa</emphasis>
|
||
(Loew, 1862)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FE18B5E6FD83FAA5" box="[424,535,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FE18B5E6FD87FAA5" baseAuthorityName="Loew" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[424,531,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ludens">A. ludens</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FDAFB5E6FCCFFAA6" authority="(Gerstaecker)" baseAuthorityName="Gerstaecker" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[543,859,1267,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FDAFB5E6FD28FAA5" box="[543,700,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">A. curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||
(Gerstaecker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E9E5FFBFFB8FFF1FC3AB5E6FB08FAA5" authorityName="Gerstaecker" authorityYear="1860" box="[906,1180,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Toxotrypana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FC3AB5E6FB08FAA5" box="[906,1180,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Toxotrypana curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FB6CB5E6FAFFFAA5" box="[1244,1387,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Ce. Capitata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FACAB5E6FE8BFA99" author="Sivinski, J. & Vulinec, K. & Meneses, E. & Aluja, M." pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref14695" refString="Sivinski, J., Vulinec, K., Meneses, E. & Aluja, M. (1998) The bionomics of Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Diapriidae: Hymenoptera) and other pupal parasitoids of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera). Biological Control, 11, 193 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / bcon. 1997.0597" type="journal article" year="1998">Sivinski 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF77B42FFE2FFA34" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF77B42FFE35FAFD" bold="true" box="[199,417,1338,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Biological control.</emphasis>
|
||
This species has been considered for augmentative biological control programs because it possesses suitable biological traits, most importantly its specificity for fruit-infesting tephritids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FB0DB44AFA03FAD1" author="Sivinski, J. & Vulinec, K. & Meneses, E. & Aluja, M." box="[1213,1431,1375,1401]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref14695" refString="Sivinski, J., Vulinec, K., Meneses, E. & Aluja, M. (1998) The bionomics of Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Diapriidae: Hymenoptera) and other pupal parasitoids of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera). Biological Control, 11, 193 - 202. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / bcon. 1997.0597" type="journal article" year="1998">
|
||
Sivinski
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FA90B44AFAC3FAD1" box="[1312,1367,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FF27B496FE38FA35" author="Baeza-Larios, G. & Sivinski, J. & Holler, T. & Aluja, M." box="[151,428,1411,1437]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="213 - 218" refId="ref10087" refString="Baeza-Larios, G., Sivinski, J., Holler, T. & Aluja, M. (2002) The ability of Coptera haywardi (Ogloblin) (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) to locate and attack the pupae of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), under seminatural conditions. Biological Control, 23, 213 - 218. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / bcon. 2001.1010" type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Baeza-Larios
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FE83B496FEF8FA35" box="[307,364,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D18477F3FFB8FFF1FF77B4B3FC2FFA4D" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF77B4B3FB09FA69" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" box="[199,1181,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF77B4B3FDA7FA68" bold="true" box="[199,563,1446,1473]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Distribution in the Neotropics.</emphasis>
|
||
Recorded in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FD77B4B2FCADFA69" box="[711,825,1447,1473]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FCF5B4B2FC18FA69" box="[837,908,1447,1473]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FC27B4B2FC79FA69" box="[919,1005,1447,1473]" name="Mexico" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FB92B4B2FB0DFA69" box="[1058,1177,1447,1473]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="99212478FFB8FFF1FF77B4DFFC2FFA4D" blockId="5.[151,1437,618,1509]" box="[199,955,1482,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FF77B4DFFE45FA4C" bold="true" box="[199,465,1482,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
|
||
Distribution in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E18964E8FFB8FFF1FECFB4DFFE58FA4C" box="[383,460,1482,1508]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
RJ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FD0F5989FFB8FFF1FDB4B4DEFCD4FA4D" author="Aguiar-Menezes, E. L. & Menezes, E. B. & Loiacono, M. S." box="[516,832,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="355 - 358" refId="ref9702" refString="Aguiar-Menezes, E. L., Menezes, E. B. & Loiacono, M. S. (2003) First record of Coptera haywardi Loiacono (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) as a parasitoid of fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Brazil. Neotropical Entomology, 32, 355 - 358. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1519 - 566 X 2003000200025" type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
Aguiar-Menezes
|
||
<emphasis id="ABEAF86AFFB8FFF1FD77B4DEFD6BFA4D" box="[711,767,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<tableCitation id="D41C11C3FFB8FFF1FCE6B4DEFC3EFA4D" box="[854,938,1483,1509]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,244,330,356]" captionTargetBox="[164,1394,492,1795]" captionText="TABLE 1. Distribution of parasitoids of the superfamilies Diaprioidea and Chalcidoidea, their tephritid hosts, and associated plants in Brazil." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CDE174F0FFBEFFF7FF27B05FFE50FE21" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" tableUuid="CDE174F0FFBEFFF7FF27B05FFE50FE21">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |