236 lines
18 KiB
XML
236 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.22335" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9bbe4959-5ad9-464b-b63f-658fac69390a" ID-PMC="PMC6160867" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-781-97" ID-PubMed="30271237" ID-ZBK="503D2C20D06F41DFB29A3098569ECE2B" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1313-2970-781-97" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 781" ModsDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the genus Dirrhagofarsus in Korea (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae)" checkinTime="1534245676069" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Seung, Jinbae, Muona, Jyrki & Lee, Seunghwan" docDate="2018" docId="297EE4A7040BAFB6336F7DC3555FCF12" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 781: 97-108" docOrigin="ZooKeys 781" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.22335" docTitle="Dirrhagofarsus modestus Fleutiaux 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="97" masterDocId="937BC145FFBBC142FFA5194AFD57872B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of the genus Dirrhagofarsus in Korea (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae)" masterLastPageNumber="108" masterPageNumber="97" pageNumber="97" updateTime="1668166162610" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic review of the genus Dirrhagofarsus in Korea (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Seung, Jinbae</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Muona, Jyrki</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lee, Seunghwan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>781</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>97</mods:start>
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<mods:end>108</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.22335</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.781.22335</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-781-97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">503D2C20D06F41DFB29A3098569ECE2B</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">503D2C20D06F41DFB29A3098569ECE2B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="147279687" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:297EE4A7040BAFB6336F7DC3555FCF12" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/297EE4A7040BAFB6336F7DC3555FCF12" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName authority="Fleutiaux, 1923" authorityName="Fleutiaux" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagofarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagofarsus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">Dirrhagofarsus modestus (Fleutiaux, 1923)</taxonomicName>
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Figure 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="species" species="modestus">Dirrhagus modestus</taxonomicName>
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Fleutiaux, 1923: 308.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Rhacopus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhacopus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">Rhacopus modestus</taxonomicName>
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Hisamatsu, 1985: 50.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagofarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagofarsus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">Dirrhagofarsus modestus</taxonomicName>
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Muona, 1993: 46.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Body: mostly coloured black. Head: frons with a weak medio-longitudinal carina; anterior edge of frontoclypeal region 2.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than distance between antennal sockets in male, 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider in female; antennomere III 1.35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than IV in male, 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer in female. Pronotum: anterolateral carina one-sixth as long as pronotum; posterolateral carina four-fifths as long as pronotum. Pterothorax: elytra 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than combined width, apices with fairly convex apices in lateral view. Leg: metatarsomere II 1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than III, as long as V. Aedeagus: 5.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide; lateral lobes as long as median lobe, phallobase trapezoidal, one-sixth as long as aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Male (Fig. 2A,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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) 4.5-5.9 mm long and 1.2-1.5 mm wide. Body black; antennae, mouthparts, anterior and posterior edge of pronotum red-brown; tibiae and tarsi brown to red-brown; surface shiny, covered with yellow-brown pubescence. Head deeply inserted into prothorax; surface coarse, with circular, irregularly sized and spaced punctures, rugose and more irregular near frontoclypeal region; frons with a weak medio-longitudinal carina; frontoclypeal region (Fig. 2G) weakly depressed at base, obtusely rounded at anterior edge, anterior edge 2.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than distance between antennal sockets. Antennae (Fig. 2E) weakly serrate, almost reaching abdominal ventrite II, with yellow-brown pubescence; antennomere II conical and shortest; antennomere III rectangular, 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, two
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than II, and 1.35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than IV; antennomeres
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<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–X">IV-X</normalizedToken>
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gradually lengthened and narrowed apically; antennomere XI 5.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide, and 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than X. Pronotum as long as wide and rounded anteriorly; surface with finer and denser punctures than on head, gradually more rugose laterally; disc with a medio-longitudinal carina at basal half; anterolateral carina one-sixth as long as pronotum; posterolateral carina approximately four-fifths as long as pronotum. Scutellum with straight anterior edge, gradually narrowed posteriorly with rounded apex; surface rough, sparsely pubescent. Elytra 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than combined width; disc weakly striate, with shallow, scattered punctures on intervals; several large, deep punctures present near apices; apices simply convex in lateral view in both sexes, apices blunt and contact with ventrite V (Fig. 2I). Prosternum slightly wider than long, parallel-sided; punctures more regularly spaced than on head, finer and denser at anterior and posterior regions; prosternal process gradually tapered and curved dorsally posteriorly; hypomeron with coarse surface, more irregularly sized than on prosternum; antennal grooves well-developed, notosternal, parallel-sided, with lateral marginal carina, barely punctate, and glabrous (Fig. 2J). Mesoventrite with rough surface. Metaventrite with finer, sparser, punctures than on prosternum, especially at middle; metepisternum (Fig. 2K) parallel-sided, width of posterior edge as wide as outer edge of metacoxal plate; metacoxal plate (Fig. 2L) medially four
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than laterally. Legs (Fig. 2P) with metatarsomere II 1.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than III, as long as V. Abdomen with finer punctures than on metaventrite (Fig. 2M). Aedeagus (Fig. 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="N–O">N-O</normalizedToken>
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) 5.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide; median lobe almost straight, gradually narrowed distally, deeply bifurcate at apex; endophallus reaching basal piece; lateral lobes as long as median lobe, with basally attached secondary lateral lobes; secondary lateral lobes slender, subparallel-sided, weakly pointed apically; phallobase trapezoidal, 1.25
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide and one-sixth as long as aedeagus.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagofarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagofarsus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">Dirrhagofarsus modestus</taxonomicName>
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(Fleutiaux, 1923). A,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="C–E">C-E</normalizedToken>
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, G,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="J–P">J-P</normalizedToken>
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male B, F, H, I female
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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dorsal habitus C ventral habitus D lateral habitus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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antenna
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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frons I elytral apex in lateral view J hypomeron K metepisternum L metacoxal plate M abdominal ventrite V
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<normalizedToken originalValue="N–O">N-O</normalizedToken>
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aedeagus P metatarsus. Scale bar: 1 mm (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–F">A-F</normalizedToken>
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); 0.5 mm (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–P">G-P</normalizedToken>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="sexual dimorphism">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Sexual dimorphism.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Female (Fig. 2B) can be distinguished from male by following characters: body larger and stouter, 5.2-6.8 mm long, 1.4-1.9 mm wide; base of frontoclypeal region wider, anterior edge 2.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than distance between antennal sockets (Fig. 2H); antennae (Fig. 2F) relatively shorter, almost reaching metacoxal plate; antennomere III 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than IV; antennomeres
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<normalizedToken originalValue="IV–X">IV-X</normalizedToken>
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stouter; antennomere XI 3.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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longer than wide.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Seoul-Si 7♂9♀, Mt. Gwanak, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul-si,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.451">N37°27.06'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="126.947">E126°56.82'</geoCoordinate>
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, 184m alt., 18 January 2016, J. B. Seung leg. (collected in overwintering larval stage, 03. iv. 2016, adult emergence) (SNU); Gyeonggi-Do 1♀, Mt. Bara, Hagui-dong, Uiwang-si,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.372334">N37°22.34'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.022835">E127°1.37'</geoCoordinate>
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, 189m alt., light trap, 22 June 2015, J. B. Seung leg. (SNU); 2♂1♀, Mt. Bara, Hagui-dong, Uiwang-si,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.373">N37°22.38'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.02233">E127°1.34'</geoCoordinate>
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, 174m alt., light trap, 01 June 2016, J. B. Seung leg. (SNU); Gangwond-Do 1♂, Beopheung-ri, Suju-myeon, Yeongwol-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.378166">N37°22.69'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.25433">E128°15.26'</geoCoordinate>
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, 550m alt., flight intercept trap, 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="June–">June-</normalizedToken>
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02 July 2015, Seung and Lee leg. (SNU); 1♀, Deokgu-ri, Sangdong-eup, Yeongwol-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.092834">N37°5.57'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.8165">E128°48.99'</geoCoordinate>
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, 648m alt., flight intercept trap, 19
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<normalizedToken originalValue="June–">June-</normalizedToken>
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02 July 2015, Seung and Lee leg. (SNU); 1♀, Beopheung-ri, Suju-myeon, Yeongwol-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.378166">N37°22.69'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.25433">E128°15.26'</geoCoordinate>
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, 550m alt., flight intercept trap, 03-16 July 2015, leg. Seung and Lee leg. (SNU); 1♀, Hoenggye-ri, Daegwanryeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.680668">N37°40.84'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.763">E128°45.78'</geoCoordinate>
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, 902m alt., flight intercept trap, 05-29 June 2016, Seung and Jung leg. (SNU); 3♀, Suha-ri, Daegwanryeong-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="37.61">N37°36.60'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="128.71983">E128°43.19'</geoCoordinate>
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, 803m alt., flight intercept trap, 05-29 June, 2016, Seung and Jung leg. (SNU); Jeollanam-Do 2♀, Jungdae-ri, Ganjeon-myeon, Gurye-gun,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="35.107334">N35°6.44'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="127.598335">E127°35.90'</geoCoordinate>
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, 668m alt., flight intercept trap, 04-15 July 2016, Seung and Lee leg. (SNU); Jeju-Do (Is.) 2♂, Gyorae gotjawal, Gyorae-ri, Jocheon-eup, Jeju-si,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="33.439167">N33°26.35'</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="126.670166">E126°40.21'</geoCoordinate>
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, 428m alt., flight intercept trap, 10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="June–">June-</normalizedToken>
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21 July 2016, Seung and Jung leg. (SNU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Korea (New record), Japan, Russia (Far East).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="97" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="97">
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Mature larvae of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagofarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagofarsus modestus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">Dirrhagofarsus modestus</taxonomicName>
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were observed in U-form in oval larval cells in standing dead
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus japonica" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="japonica">Alnus japonica</taxonomicName>
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(Thunb.) Steudel (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="order">Fagales</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName family="Betulaceae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" rank="family">Betulaceae</taxonomicName>
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) in January. Adults emerged at the same time as eucnemid species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Dirrhagofarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dirrhagofarsus unicolor" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">Dirrhagofarsus unicolor</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucnemidae" genus="Hylis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hylis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Hylis</taxonomicName>
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sp. 70 days later following rearing at room temperature.They were commonly collected at light traps. They were observed clicking as well as flying and running.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |