312 lines
27 KiB
XML
312 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-200-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" ModsDocID="1314-2003-200-1" checkinTime="1655292389427" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barboza, Gloria E., Garcia, Carolina Carrizo, Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem, Romero, Maria V. & Scaldaferro, Marisel" docDate="2022" docId="2F18A8D0B793D7343B1B13D33E47DCC3" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 200: 1-423" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 200" docPubDate="2022-06-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" docTitle="Capsicum dimorphum (Miers) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 449. 1891." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" masterDocTitle="Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="423" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1655292389427" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gbarboza@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Garcia, Carolina Carrizo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ccarrizo@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia (EMBRAPA-Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia), PqEB Parque Estacao Biologica, Av. W / 5 final, Brasilia-DF, CEP 70770 - 917, Caixa Postal 02372, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Romero, Maria V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scaldaferro, Marisel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina & Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-06-14</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>200</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>423</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-200-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2F18A8D0B793D7343B1B13D33E47DCC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F18A8D0B793D7343B1B13D33E47DCC3" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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14.
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<taxonomicName authority="(Miers) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 449. 1891." authorityName="(Miers) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 449. 1891." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">Capsicum dimorphum (Miers) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 449. 1891.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="F54" captionText="Figure 54. Capsicum dimorphum A flowering branch B flower; C section of the calyx showing the venation; D sector of opened corolla; E gynoecium; F fruit G anatomical detail of the pericarp (note the absence of giant cells in the mesocarp) H seed; I seed, in cross section J structure of seed coat at the seed margin K structure of seed coat at the seed body L embryo A, B, D, E from Jaramillo et al. 2698 C from Sneidern 3044 F-L from Cuatrecasas 8572. Drawn by L. Ochoa." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 54</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Capsicum dimorphum A plant B, C flower buds of different colour D, E flowers, in lateral view, with different corolla colour outside F, G flowers, in front view, with different colouration patterns in the corolla within H immature fruit I mature fruit A, H, I from Beltran 140, photos by G. Beltran B-G from Orejuela R. et al. 2685, photos by G. E. Barboza." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 55</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Brachistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brachistus dimorphus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphus">Brachistus dimorphus</taxonomicName>
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Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, 3(16): 267. 1849. Type. Colombia. Quindio: Region froid en Las Tapias, Dec 1814, J. Goudot s.n. (holotype: K [K000585926]; isotypes: BM [BM000777291, pro parte only fragments at bottom right side], P [P00410061]).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Brachistus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Brachistus dimorphus" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brachistus dimorphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Miers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Erect or scandent shrubs or subshrubs, (0.4-) 0.8-2 (-3) m tall, profusely branched above, the branches dichotomously spreading in a typical
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“zig-zag”">"zig-zag"</normalizedToken>
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appearance. Young stems terete or slightly angled, fragile, greenish-purple or maroon, densely pubescent with ochraceous or white, spreading or antrorse, flexuous or hirsute, simple, uniseriate, 2-8-celled, eglandular trichomes 0.3-1 (-1.5) mm long, sometimes glabrous or glabrescent; nodes green; bark of older stems pale brown or golden-brown; lenticels light brown, sometimes absent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate; leaf pair markedly unequal in size and shape. Leaves membranous, rarely coriaceous, with sparse or abundant antrorse eglandular trichomes adaxially and abaxially, the trichomes spreading on the veins abaxially; blades of major leaves 4.2-12 (-17) cm long, 0.8-4 (-8) cm wide, elliptic, the major veins 4-6 on each side of mid-vein, sometimes purple-coloured abaxially, the base attenuate, asymmetric or not, the margins entire, the apex long-acuminate; petioles 0.5-1.2 cm long, moderately pubescent or glabrescent; blades of minor leaves sessile, 0.5-4 (-8) cm long, 0.4-1.7 (-5) cm wide, orbicular or ovate or rarely elliptic, the major veins 2-3 on each side of mid-vein, the base short-attenuate or rounded, asymmetric, the margins entire, the apex obtuse or rounded, with same pubescence as major leaves. Inflorescences axillary, 2-5 flowers or flowers solitary; flowering pedicels (3-) 5-14 mm, angled, green or green with purple lines, curved to pendent, non-geniculate at anthesis, glabrescent to moderately pubescent, the eglandular trichomes short or long, spreading or antrorse; pedicels scars inconspicuous. Buds ovoid, purple or yellowish. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx 1.75-2.6 mm long, 3-3.3 mm in diameter, cup-shaped, circular or pentagonal in outline, fleshy, green, greenish-purple or purple, calyx appendages absent or 1-3, as mucro-like structures, 0.5-1 mm long, spreading and laterally flattened, emerging 0-0.2 mm below the margin, glabrescent to densely pubescent with antrorse or spreading trichomes. Corolla 6-9.5 (-11) mm long, 8-12 mm in diameter, entirely yellow or yellow with dark purple or maroon spots outside and within, stellate with interpetalar membrane, lobed nearly halfway to the base, glabrous adaxially and abaxially, the tube 2-3.5 mm long, the lobes (1.75-) 2-4 mm long, 1.5-2.8 (-3) mm wide, triangular or ovate, spreading or slightly reflexed at anthesis, the margins and tips papillose. Stamens five, equal; filaments (1.5-) 2-2.5 mm long, cream or light lilac, inserted on the corolla ca. 2 mm from the base, with auricles fused to the corolla at the point of insertion; anthers 1.5-2.3 mm long, ovoid, slightly apiculate, pale purple, bluish-purple, dark yellow or cream, connivent at anthesis. Gynoecium with ovary 1.37-1.6 mm long, 1.3-1.5 mm in diameter, cream, ovoid; ovules more than two per locule; nectary ca. 0.6 mm tall; styles homomorphic, 4.5-6.7 mm long, exserted 1.3-2 mm beyond the anthers, white near the base and purple or pale lilac to the apex, clavate, slightly curved distally; stigma 0.2-0.3 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, usually discoid, green or yellowish-green. Berry 5-11 mm in diameter, globose or subglobose, bright or opaque light green when immature, bright reddish-orange or bright red at maturity, deciduous, non-pungent, the pericarp thick, opaque, lacking giant cells (endocarp smooth); stone cells absent; fruiting pedicels 6-15 mm long, usually erect, rarely curved to pendent, sometimes angled, widened distally, green or purple; fruiting calyx 4-5 (-7) mm in diameter, persistent, not accrescent, discoid, sometimes ripped at the margin, greenish-white or purple, the appendages if present, reflexed or spreading, purple. Seeds (6-) 10-36 per fruit, 1.9-2.7 mm long, 1.8-2.1 mm wide, C-shaped or teardrop-shaped, brownish-black to black, the seed coat reticulate (SM, SEM), the cells polygonal in shape, the lateral walls straight; embryo annular.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure54" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695469" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 54" startId="F54">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 54.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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flowering branch
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
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flower;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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section of the calyx showing the venation;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
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sector of opened corolla;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
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gynoecium;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
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fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G</emphasis>
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anatomical detail of the pericarp (note the absence of giant cells in the mesocarp)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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seed;
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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seed, in cross section
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
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structure of seed coat at the seed margin
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
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structure of seed coat at the seed body
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
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embryo
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B, D, E</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Jaramillo et al. 2698</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sneidern 3044</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F-L</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cuatrecasas 8572</emphasis>
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. Drawn by L. Ochoa.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 55" startId="F55">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 55.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
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plant
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B, C</emphasis>
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flower buds of different colour
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D, E</emphasis>
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flowers, in lateral view, with different corolla colour outside
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F, G</emphasis>
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flowers, in front view, with different colouration patterns in the corolla within
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H</emphasis>
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immature fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
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mature fruit
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, H, I</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
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140
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</emphasis>
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, photos by G.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Beltrán">Beltran</normalizedToken>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-G</emphasis>
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from
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Orejuela R. et al. 2685</emphasis>
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, photos by G.E. Barboza.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is endemic to north-western South America and is most common in Colombia and Ecuador and reaching central Peru (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="F56" captionText="Figure 56. Distribution of C. dimorphum and C. eshbaughii." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">56</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure56" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695471" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 56" startId="F56">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 56.</emphasis>
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Distribution of
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dimorphum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. eshbaughii" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="eshbaughii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. eshbaughii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is an Andean species of premontane or montane moist forests. It is found in the margins, understorey or interior of primary or secondary (sometimes disturbed) forests, between 950 and 3,000 m elevation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering and fruiting all year.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Not known.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colombia</emphasis>
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: Ahuyamo (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Quindío">Quindio</normalizedToken>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bernal 1828</emphasis>
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), Mirtico de monte (Cauca,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pittier 737</emphasis>
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; Cundinamarca,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Duque-Jaramillo 3330</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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EOO (738,784.034 km2); AOO (452 km2).
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
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|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
is a widespread Andean species in northern South America; considering the large EOO and its presence in officially protected areas in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, we suggest a status of Least Concern (LC).
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is a member of the Andean clade, recovered as sister to
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longifolium">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" author="Carrizo Garcia, C" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 51" refId="B79" refString="Carrizo Garcia, C, Barfuss, MHJ, Sehr, EM, Barboza, GE, Samuel, R, Moscone, EA, Ehrendorfer, F, 2016. Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae). Annals of Botany 118: 35 - 51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" title="Phylogenetic relationships, diversification and expansion of chili peppers (Capsicum, Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcw079" volume="118" year="2016">
|
|
Carrizo
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
|
|
et al. 2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Barboza, GE, Carrizo Garcia, C, Leiva Gonzalez, S, Scaldaferro, M, Reyes, X, 2019. Four new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the tropical Andes and an update on the phylogeny of the genus. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0209792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" title="Four new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the tropical Andes and an update on the phylogeny of the genus. PLoS ONE 14 (1): e 0209792." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" year="2019">Barboza et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is variable in the degree of general pubescence, leaf shape and presence or absence of purple or maroon spots on the corolla (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="F55" captionText="Figure 55. Capsicum dimorphum A plant B, C flower buds of different colour D, E flowers, in lateral view, with different corolla colour outside F, G flowers, in front view, with different colouration patterns in the corolla within H immature fruit I mature fruit A, H, I from Beltran 140, photos by G. Beltran B-G from Orejuela R. et al. 2685, photos by G. E. Barboza." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure55" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695470" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">55B-G</figureCitation>
|
|
). It is morphologically most similar to
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. longifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="longifolium">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. longifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B38" refString="Barboza, GE, Carrizo Garcia, C, Leiva Gonzalez, S, Scaldaferro, M, Reyes, X, 2019. Four new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the tropical Andes and an update on the phylogeny of the genus. PLoS ONE 14(1): e0209792. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" title="Four new species of Capsicum (Solanaceae) from the tropical Andes and an update on the phylogeny of the genus. PLoS ONE 14 (1): e 0209792." url="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0209792" year="2019">Barboza et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) with which it shares short pedicels and similar shape and colour of the corolla, fruit and seeds.
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be distinguished by having usually pubescent vegetative organs and calyces (vs. glabrous), membranous, longer and wider major leaves, flowers that are solitary or up to five per axil (vs. 3-9 flowers on a short rachis) and a calyx without appendages or with three minute appendages (vs. 2-3 winged triangular appendages).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum dimorphum" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum dimorphum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
is sympatric with
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. geminifolium" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="geminifolium">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. geminifolium</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
which is distinguished by having long-acuminate leaves, 2-5 long and thin calyx appendages and campanulate corollas. Populations of
|
|
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. dimorphum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dimorphum">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. dimorphum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from Peru (Department Pasco) are glabrescent to glabrous plants and the leaves are somewhat coriaceous, but the flowers and fruits match those of the pubescent populations of Colombia and Ecuador.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. material 4: Appendix 4.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |