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<document id="C719FCD321D63FC27AE5A8490F7CB27F" ID-CLB-Dataset="2877" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.528.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4b3773c0-ca74-4971-a186-1aec0439b4c0" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5794877" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1640070061823" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Valduga, Eduardo, Cordeiro, Inês &amp; Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira" docDate="2021" docId="1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.528.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 528 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Croton bacupariensis Valduga &amp; Iganci 2021, sp.nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="243" masterDocId="E318AE29FFB2E05BFFEB4555FFE09424" masterDocTitle="Croton bacupariensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="246" masterPageNumber="240" pageNumber="241" updateTime="1699472825411" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="5B2350056FD4914FE1A5C7093BDF3FC8" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="82446F7D2A46D7B2FA6DBBDA910F6CBC">
<mods:title id="477F8722071E00572F7CC0CF50FE9EBA">Croton bacupariensis (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D2ABEB9CBBB0D806428000A8D5074892" type="personal">
<mods:role id="20921410031514B87A5E99BB28127E00">
<mods:roleTerm id="8170F2A19E2B1D14168960E602B3DC27">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F6D11D8DA2F1C4076F12DA07CA38BA1B">Valduga, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E80CDC1A996BD22F2AD450C19FCE2BB7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1557-6892</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8AE5B384D44901E2FF5AD9724135A050">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; valduedu 10 @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1557 - 6892</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC1281B02BF40620806047A378B7CE16" type="email">valduedu10@yahoo.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="79A28C5CC2CB4FC09F19D46E1E4A2A19" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C736E42EC245EE4C16D94A46975499BE">Cordeiro, Inês</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C3DF67BC0E3E8BA73ECD25516B36CCFD" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2626-5280</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="06C9728E11E8F6CE522401404FE020B9">Instituto de Botânica, Av. Miguel Stéfano, 3687, São Paulo, 04301902, SP, Brazil. &amp; isandona @ uol. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2626 - 5280</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DF5FA1B1114E30806CF79E0E5EA0DB04" type="email">isandona@uol.com.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="68D2411D80F345304B6481C7220BABC9">Iganci, João Ricardo Vieira</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1828372BAF534377C88E7337D8EA2CE4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-5740-3666</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A14CF40B3DDAA5B181A19F764308C81D">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. &amp; Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil. &amp; joaoiganci @ gmail. com https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5740 - 3666</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A3146BCC90FB6832F4CBF9371AEA1553">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="AF6CB2F1DF7CA48D6613E7E180D46349">
<mods:date id="E20BA1C7256A104E88C8B548C8E79DE5">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="60FB78F4BACB53F1037EA4E9810360F3">2021-12-21</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="133351D3AA1209D082B6EBAB7971523F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="C09B4927DDE834F6C886EEC198CF1858">528</mods:number>
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<treatment id="1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5796237" ID-GBIF-Taxon="191698156" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5796237" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB3E05AFF634681FCA797CA" box="[136,839,980,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E05AFF634681FCA797CA" blockId="1.[136,839,980,1007]" box="[136,839,980,1007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<heading id="CC7FD02BFFB3E05AFF634681FCA797CA" box="[136,839,980,1007]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFF634681FDAF97CA" ID-CoL="9V62V" authority="Valduga &amp; Iganci" authorityName="Valduga &amp; Iganci" authorityYear="2021" box="[136,591,980,1007]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFF634681FE6097CB" bold="true" box="[136,384,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
Valduga &amp; Iganci
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFDB14680FD4897CA" box="[602,680,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BECF062EFFB3E05AFDB14680FD4897CA" box="[602,680,981,1006]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="0FB37BC2FFB3E05AFD5D4681FCC197CA" box="[694,801,980,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[391,1246,482,1705]" captionTargetId="figure-153@2.[340,1247,458,1720]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Croton bacupariensis. A. Habit; B. Stellate-lepidote trichomes from abaxial leaf surface; C. Staminate flower; D. Pistillate flower; E. Fruit (all Valduga 795)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794879/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Figures 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0FB37BC2FFB3E05AFCC44681FCDE97CA" box="[815,830,980,1006]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1499,1521]" captionTargetBox="[157,1429,196,1469]" captionTargetId="figure-24@3.[151,1435,190,1474]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Croton bacupariensis. A. Habitat; B. Immature fruit; C. Staminate flower; D. Pistillate flower; E. Leaves. Photos A, C, D by Eduardo Valduga, B, E by Martin Grings." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794881/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">2</figureCitation>
)
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB3E05AFF634175FDD9907E" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E05AFF634175FDD9907E" blockId="1.[136,1451,1056,1114]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFF634175FF229011" bold="true" box="[136,194,1056,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Type:</emphasis>
—
<materialsCitation id="27E06D1AFFB3E05AFF304175FACA9011" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421209301" box="[219,1322,1056,1078]" collectingDate="2017-05-29" collectionCode="E" country="Brazil" latitude="-30.538883" location="Lagoa do Bacopari" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-50.42276" municipality="Mostardas" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB3E05AFF304175FED49011" box="[219,308,1056,1077]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="554CA9A5FFB3E05AFED64175FE139012" box="[317,499,1056,1078]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="7753FD3DFFB3E05AFE164175FD839012" box="[509,611,1056,1078]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Mostardas</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9257319CFFB3E05AFD864175FCC69012" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D:9257319CFFB3E05AFD864175FCC69012" box="[621,806,1056,1078]" country="Brazil" latitude="-30.538883" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-50.42276" municipality="Mostardas" name="Lagoa do Bacopari" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Lagoa do Bacopari</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F2BC0180FFB3E05AFCC44175FC5E9011" box="[815,958,1056,1077]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" precision="1" seconds="19.98" value="-30.538883">30°32’19.98”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F2BC0180FFB3E05AFC2E4175FBBE9012" box="[965,1118,1056,1078]" degrees="50" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" precision="1" seconds="21.93" value="-50.42276">50°25’21.93”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="E3364187FFB3E05AFB834175FB079011" box="[1128,1255,1056,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2017-05-29">
<collectingDate id="F372B86FFFB3E05AFB834175FB079011" box="[1128,1255,1056,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" value="2017-05-29">29 May 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
(fl),
<collectionCode id="F199FF82FFB3E05AFAF34175FACA9011" box="[1304,1322,1056,1077]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15670" name="Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="Herbarium">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFAF34175FACA9011" box="[1304,1322,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">E</emphasis>
</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFAC14175FACE9011" box="[1322,1326,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="27E06D1AFFB3E05AFAD84175FDD9907E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3421209302" collectionCode="ICN, HUCS" country="Brazil" location="Valduga" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFAD84175FA4B9011" box="[1331,1451,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<location id="9257319CFFB3E05AFAD84175FA629011" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F21D651FFB3E05FFF634681FDA3956D:9257319CFFB3E05AFAD84175FA629011" box="[1331,1410,1056,1077]" country="Brazil" name="Valduga" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" stateProvince="Rio Grande do Sul">Valduga</location>
795
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="4833D9E5FFB3E05AFF2F4111FEFA907E" box="[196,282,1092,1114]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="F199FF82FFB3E05AFEF44111FEAD907D" box="[287,333,1092,1113]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">ICN</collectionCode>
! isotypes
<collectionCode id="F199FF82FFB3E05AFE404111FE12907D" box="[427,498,1092,1113]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">HUCS</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="F199FF82FFB3E05AFE144111FDCE907E" box="[511,558,1092,1114]" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">ICN</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB3E059FF6341DDFB2B9590" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E05AFF6341DDFBD3912A" blockId="1.[136,1451,1160,1295]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFF6341DDFEE59086" bold="true" box="[136,261,1160,1186]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
—Densely branched shrub up to
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFD6441DDFD399087" box="[655,729,1160,1187]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="60.0">60 cm</quantity>
tall, monoecious.
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFC5D41DDFB4E9086" box="[950,1198,1160,1186]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFC5D41DDFB4E9086" box="[950,1198,1160,1186]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFA7941DDFE3D90E3" authority="Baillon (1864: 359)" authorityName="Baillon" authorityPageNumber="359" authorityYear="1864" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFA7941DDFF1390E2" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. gnaphalii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB3E05AFF1041F9FE3D90E3" author="Baillon, H. E." box="[251,477,1196,1223]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" pagination="257 - 377" refId="ref2413" refString="Baillon, H. E. (1864) Species Euphorbiacearum. Euphorbiacees Americaines. Premiere partie: Amerique austro-orientale. Adansonia 4: 257 - 377." type="journal article" year="1864">Baillon (1864: 359)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs mainly by its densely branched shrubby habit (vs. sparsely branched in
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFA7941F9FF1D90CE" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFA7941F9FF1590CE" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">C. gnaphalii</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
; stellate-lepidote trichomes on the abaxial surface of leaves (vs. stellate trichomes on both surfaces in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFA794185FF13912A" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFA794185FF13912A" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. gnaphalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); pistillate sepals
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFE5541A1FDF4912B" box="[446,532,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
long (vs.
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFD6F41A1FD3A912B" box="[644,730,1268,1295]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFCDD41A1FC22912A" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" box="[822,962,1268,1294]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFCDD41A1FC22912A" box="[822,962,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. gnaphalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<tableCitation id="DA0A52FCFFB3E05AFC3241A1FBCD912A" box="[985,1069,1268,1294]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[136,224,1342,1366]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological differences between Croton gnaphalii and C. bacupariensis." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C3F737CFFFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" tableUuid="C3F737CFFFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C3F737CFFFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171" ID-Table-UUID="C3F737CFFFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171" box="[136,1066,1342,1366]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C3F737CFFFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" startId="1.[136,224,1342,1366]" targetBox="[147,1427,1394,1700]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E05AFF63406BFBCA9171" blockId="1.[136,1066,1342,1366]" box="[136,1066,1342,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFF63406BFF1B9172" bold="true" box="[136,251,1342,1366]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological differences between
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFD68406BFCDA9172" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" box="[643,826,1342,1366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFD68406BFCDA9172" box="[643,826,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Croton gnaphalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFC85406BFBC49172" box="[878,1060,1342,1366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFC85406BFBC49172" box="[878,1060,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E05AFDAA4026FB559280" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<table id="E58895E7FFB31FA4FF784027FA739280" box="[147,1427,1394,1700]" gridcols="3" gridrows="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<tr id="29B86505FFB31FA4FF784027FA7391AC" box="[147,1427,1394,1416]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FDAA4027FCB991AC" box="[577,857,1394,1416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB3E05AFDAA4026FD5991A3" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" box="[577,697,1394,1416]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFDAA4026FD5991A3" box="[577,697,1394,1416]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. gnaphalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FC134027FA7391AC" box="[1016,1427,1394,1416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB3E05AFC134026FB7B91A3" box="[1016,1179,1394,1416]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="29B86505FFB31FA4FF7840E5FA7391E2" box="[147,1427,1456,1478]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FF7840E5FDF091E2" box="[147,528,1456,1478]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Length of sepals of pistillate flowers</th>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FDAA40E5FCB991E2" box="[577,857,1456,1478]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">4–8 mm</td>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FC1340E5FA7391E2" box="[1016,1427,1456,1478]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">1.5–3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="29B86505FFB31FA4FF7840BBFA739220" box="[147,1427,1518,1540]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FF7840BBFDF09220" box="[147,528,1518,1540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Leaf size</th>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FDAA40BBFCB99220" box="[577,857,1518,1540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">0.5–2.1 × 0.2–0.6 cm</td>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FC1340BBFA739220" box="[1016,1427,1518,1540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">0.4–1.2 cm × 0.2–0.5 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="29B86505FFB31FA4FF784379FA739242" box="[147,1427,1580,1638]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FF784379FDF09242" box="[147,528,1580,1638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Indumentum on the abaxial leaf surface</th>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FDAA4379FCB99242" box="[577,857,1580,1638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">silver with stellate trichomes</td>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FC134379FA739242" box="[1016,1427,1580,1638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">silver with stellate-lepidote trichomes with ferruginous to brownish spots</td>
</tr>
<tr id="29B86505FFB31FA4FF7843DBFA739280" box="[147,1427,1678,1700]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
<th id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FF7843DBFDF09280" box="[147,528,1678,1700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Habitat</th>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FDAA43DBFCB99280" box="[577,857,1678,1700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">rocky slopes and clayey soils</td>
<td id="6A690C79FFB31FA4FC1343DBFA739280" box="[1016,1427,1678,1700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">sandy soil on dunes</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97376747FFB3E059FF56438AFB2B9590" blockId="1.[136,1452,1759,2074]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1452,158,437]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
Monoecious shrubs,
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFE42438AFDFA92DE" box="[425,538,1759,1786]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="45.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="30.0">30–60 cm</quantity>
tall, densely branched; branches cylindrical to flattened in the apex, covered by cream to silver indument of stellate-lepidote trichomes; latex translucid. Leaves elliptic slightly discoloured, without petiolar colleters; lamina 4–12 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFDEB4272FDBF9366" box="[512,607,1831,1858]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
, apex acute, base acute to obtuse, margin entire, abaxial surface pubescent with silver stellate-lepidote trichomes with ferruginous to brownish spots, adaxial surface with silver stellate trichomes, hiphodromous, central vein immersed on the adaxial surface and prominent abaxially, secondary veins inconspicuous; petioles
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFF0D42C6FEB7938A" box="[230,343,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="0.9" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.8">0.8–1 mm</quantity>
long, covered by subentire lepidote trichomes. Staminate inflorescences
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFB6E42C6FAE1938A" box="[1157,1281,1939,1966]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="cm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.7">0.7–1.5 cm</quantity>
long, terminal, lax, axis covered by stellate-lepidote trichomes; bracts ca.
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFCDA42E2FC6A93F6" box="[817,906,1975,2002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
long, linear lanceolate, glabrate on the adaxial surface, covered by stellate-lepidote trichomes on the abaxial one. Staminate flowers: pedicel
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFB70428EFAC193D2" box="[1179,1313,2011,2038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.5 mm</quantity>
long; sepals 5, valvate, entire, ca. 3 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB3E05AFE4842AAFE1A9C3E" box="[419,506,2047,2074]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, narrowly ovate, apex slightly cucullate, entire, adaxial surface glabrate, abaxial one with stellate trichomes; petals linear, narrowly elliptic, ca. 3 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FCAC45CBFC6A949D" box="[839,906,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, ciliate; adaxial surface glabrate and abaxial one with stellate trichomes; receptacle covered by simple and hyaline trichomes; nectary disk segmented; stamens ca. 15; filaments hirsute. Pistillate inflorescences:
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FD8545B3FD3A9525" box="[622,730,230,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
long, terminal, lax, axis covered by stellate-lepidote trichomes; pedicels ca.
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FEF9445FFEB49501" box="[274,340,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long. Pistillate flowers: sepals 5, valvate, ca. 2.3 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FC73445FFC119501" box="[920,1009,266,293]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
, narrowly ovate, entire, adaxial surface glabrescent with sparse stellate-lepidote trichomes, abaxial with stellate-lepidote trichomes; reduced petals linear, ca.
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FF634407FF3E9549" box="[136,222,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long; ovary ca. 1.6 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FE384407FDCA9549" box="[467,554,338,365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
, trigonous, covered by stellate-lepidote trichomes; styles bifid (with 12 terminal tips), covered by stellate-lepidote trichomes; nectary disk deeply 5-lobed. Capsules ca. 5 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FB7F4423FB0E95B5" box="[1172,1262,374,401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
, ellipsoid. Seeds 3.3 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FF2244CFFEC19591" box="[201,289,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
, narrowly ellipsoid, brownish; caruncle tiny, ca. 1.5 ×
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB0E059FC6844CFFC3B9591" box="[899,987,410,437]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
, reniform, yellowish.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C3F737CFFFB0E059FF634381FE2F9329" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5794879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794879/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" startId="2.[136,229,1748,1770]" targetBox="[391,1246,482,1705]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB0E059FF634381FE2F9329" blockId="2.[136,1451,1748,1806]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FF634381FF1892CD" bold="true" box="[136,248,1748,1770]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FEEE4381FE3D92CD" box="[261,477,1748,1769]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB0E059FEEE4381FE3992CD" box="[261,473,1748,1769]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">Croton bacupariensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Habit; B. Stellate-lepidote trichomes from abaxial leaf surface; C. Staminate flower; D. Pistillate flower; E. Fruit (all
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FEA243ADFE219329" box="[329,449,1784,1805]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Valduga 795</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB0E059FF564269FE319C2E" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB0E059FF564269FB7F935E" blockId="2.[136,1451,1852,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FF564269FE079372" bold="true" box="[189,487,1852,1878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Distribution and Habitat</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB0E059FDE84268FD159372" box="[515,757,1852,1879]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FDE84268FD159372" box="[515,757,1852,1879]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected so far in the Brazilian State of
<collectingRegion id="554CA9A5FFB0E059FAC24269FF30935E" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="0FB37BC2FFB0E059FF0B4235FEC3935E" box="[224,291,1888,1914]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1132,1154]" captionTargetBox="[193,1390,371,1086]" captionTargetId="figure-106@4.[151,1436,353,1108]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Croton bacupariensis, showing the only two localities where the species was collected until now in the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794883" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794883/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), in open vegetation on sandy soils of dunes near the sea level, around lagoons.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97376747FFB0E059FF5642D1FC5393BA" blockId="2.[136,1451,1852,2059]" box="[189,947,1924,1951]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FF5642D1FED993BA" bold="true" box="[189,313,1924,1950]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Phenology</emphasis>
—Flowers and fruts found in January, May and October.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97376747FFB0E059FF5642FDFE319C2E" blockId="2.[136,1451,1852,2059]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FF5642FDFED593E6" bold="true" box="[189,309,1960,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
<typeStatus id="4833D9E5FFB0E059FF5642FDFED593E6" box="[189,309,1960,1986]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
—
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB0E059FEB942FDFE5A93E6" box="[338,442,1960,1986]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="554CA9A5FFB0E059FE2F42FDFD7893E6" box="[452,664,1960,1986]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
: Mostardas, Lagoa do Fundo,
<date id="E3364187FFB0E059FC0142FDFB4393E6" box="[1002,1187,1960,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" value="2008-01-15">15 January 2008</date>
(stam. fl),
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FAF542FCFA4B93E6" box="[1310,1451,1960,1987]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">L. Scur 1191</emphasis>
(HUCS!, MBM!); Mostardas, Lagoa do Bacupari,
<geoCoordinate id="F2BC0180FFB0E059FD2B4299FCA593C2" box="[704,837,1996,2022]" degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" precision="15" seconds="32" value="-30.542221">30°32’32”S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="F2BC0180FFB0E059FCA74299FC3B93C3" box="[844,987,1996,2023]" degrees="50" direction="west" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-50.417225">50°25’02”W</geoCoordinate>
<date id="E3364187FFB0E059FC094299FB7F93C2" box="[994,1183,1996,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" value="2018-10-05">05 October 2018</date>
(stam. fl.),
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB0E059FAC94298FE979C2E" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">C. Rabuske-Silva &amp; C.C. Alff 379</emphasis>
(ICN!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="C3F737CFFFB1E058FF63408EFDF89231" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5794881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5794881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5794881/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" startId="3.[136,229,1499,1521]" targetBox="[157,1429,196,1469]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB1E058FF63408EFDF89231" blockId="3.[136,1451,1499,1557]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FF63408EFF1E91D4" bold="true" box="[136,254,1499,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FEE84089FE3391D4" box="[259,467,1499,1521]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FEE84089FE3391D4" box="[259,467,1499,1521]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habitat; B. Immature fruit; C. Staminate flower; D. Pistillate flower; E. Leaves. Photos A, C, D by Eduardo Valduga, B, E by Martin Grings.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB1E058FF564311FD3C9336" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB1E058FF564311FE5392A6" blockId="3.[136,1452,1604,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FF564311FEDE927A" bold="true" box="[189,318,1604,1630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Etymology</emphasis>
—The specific epithet refers to the type-locality, Praia do Bacupari, in the Municipality of Mostardas,
<collectingRegion id="554CA9A5FFB1E058FF63433DFEBC92A6" box="[136,348,1640,1666]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB1E058FE8C433DFE4F92A6" box="[359,431,1640,1666]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97376747FFB1E058FF5643D9FD3C9336" blockId="3.[136,1452,1604,2062]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FF5643D9FDA09282" bold="true" box="[189,576,1676,1702]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Suggested Conservation Status</emphasis>
—
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FDB743D9FCB79282" box="[604,855,1676,1702]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FDB743D9FCB79282" box="[604,855,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be considered Critically endangered (CR) according to the
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB1E058FEA343E5FE0092EE" author="IUCN" box="[328,480,1712,1738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" refId="ref2742" refString="IUCN (2017) Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. Version 13. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. IUCN, Gland and Cambridge. Available from: http: // cmsdocs. s 3. amazonaws. com / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed March 2021)." type="book" year="2017">IUCN (2017)</bibRefCitation>
criteria B1 b(I,ii,iii,iv,v)C1. Its area of occupation (AOO) is
<quantity id="5070CAA2FFB1E058FB7143E5FAE592E8" box="[1178,1285,1712,1740]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" unit="km" value="8.0">8.000 km</quantity>
² and only two populations of the species were found on sandy soil in the municipality of Mostardas, around salt lagoons, an area that is rapidly being occupied by real estate development.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF9234CCFFB1E05FFF564249FDA3956D" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="97376747FFB1E05FFF564249FDA3956D" blockId="3.[136,1452,1604,2062]" lastBlockId="4.[136,1452,158,329]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="244" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FF564249FEDE9312" bold="true" box="[189,318,1820,1846]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Comments</emphasis>
—While
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FE404249FD439312" box="[427,675,1820,1846]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FE404249FD439312" box="[427,675,1820,1846]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is restricted to the sandy soils of the dunes, near lagoons in the municipality of Mostardas, Rio Grande do Sul state,
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FD344215FC8C937E" authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1864" box="[735,876,1856,1882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnaphalii">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FD344215FC8C937E" box="[735,876,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">C. gnaphalii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is widely distributed in the Pampa’s grasslands, in
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB1E058FF634231FF1A935A" box="[136,250,1892,1918]" name="Argentina" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Argentina</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB1E058FEEF4231FE86935A" box="[260,358,1892,1918]" name="Uruguay" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="554CA9A5FFB1E058FE714231FD8A935A" box="[410,618,1892,1918]" country="Brazil" name="Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Rio Grande do Sul</collectingRegion>
, in Southern
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB1E058FD104231FCA2935A" box="[763,834,1892,1918]" name="Brazil" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, growing mostly in rocky soils.
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FB494231FA73935A" box="[1186,1427,1892,1918]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FB494231FA73935A" box="[1186,1427,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here classified in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FEA842DDFD8B9386" authorityName="Pax" authorityYear="1890" baseAuthorityName="Muller Argoviensis" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[323,619,1928,1954]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Lamprocroton">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FEA842DDFE719386" box="[323,401,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FE2042DCFD8B9386" box="[459,619,1929,1954]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Lamprocroton</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the presence of a lepidote indumentum,leaves without petiolar glands, and bifid styles with four terminal tips. The following species occur in the same environment:
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FB5142F9FEA593CE" authority="Croizat (1942: 1)" authorityName="Croizat" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1942" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lombardianus">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FB5142F9FA4C93E2" box="[1210,1452,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton lombardianus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB1E058FF634285FEA593CE" author="Croizat, L." box="[136,325,2000,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref2554" refString="Croizat, L. (1942) Las especies sudamericanas del genero Croton, I - II. Comunicaciones Botanicas del Museo de Historia Natural de Montevideo 1: 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1942">Croizat (1942:1)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, which is distinct by having branches predominantly prostrate, serrate leaves and stellate trichomes (vs. ascending branches, entire leaves and stellate-lepidote trichomes in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FC5842A1FB919C2A" box="[947,1137,2036,2062]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FC5842A1FB919C2A" box="[947,1137,2036,2062]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB1E058FB6342A1FA999C2A" authorityName="Croizat" authorityYear="1942" box="[1160,1401,2036,2062]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="243" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lombardianus">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB1E058FB6342A1FA999C2A" box="[1160,1401,2036,2062]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="243">Croton lombardianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was recently recorded to
<collectingCountry id="EF9F27D7FFB6E05FFE8745CBFE50949C" box="[364,432,158,184]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Brazil</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB6E05FFE3345CBFD24949C" author="Valduga, E. &amp; Molz, M. &amp; Cordeiro, I. &amp; Iganci, J." box="[472,708,158,184]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="189 - 194" refId="ref3709" refString="Valduga, E., Molz, M., Cordeiro, I. &amp; Iganci, J. (2021) Novelties in Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from southern South America. Phytotaxa 496: 189 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 496.2.8" type="journal article" year="2021">
Valduga
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFDD145CAFD91949C" box="[570,625,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFD2545CAFB4D949D" authority="Linnaeus (1759: 1275)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="1275" authorityYear="1759" box="[718,1197,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosus">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFD2545CAFC4A949C" box="[718,938,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Croton glandulosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB6E05FFC5B45CBFB4D949D" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[944,1197,158,185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="825 - 1384" refId="ref2993" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1759) Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2. Laurentius Salvius, Stockholm, pp. 825 - 1384." type="book chapter" year="1759">Linnaeus (1759: 1275)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished by the serrate leaves and stipitate glands at the base of the leaf blade, or at the apex of the petiole (vs. entire leaves without glands in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFF1F45B2FE529524" box="[244,434,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFF1F45B2FE529524" box="[244,434,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFE2245B2FC6A9525" authority="Baillon (1864: 358)" authorityName="Baillon" authorityPageNumber="358" authorityYear="1864" box="[457,906,230,257]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helichrysum">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFE2245B2FD479524" box="[457,679,230,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Croton helichrysum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB6E05FFD4645B3FC6A9525" author="Baillon, H. E." box="[685,906,230,257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="257 - 377" refId="ref2413" refString="Baillon, H. E. (1864) Species Euphorbiacearum. Euphorbiacees Americaines. Premiere partie: Amerique austro-orientale. Adansonia 4: 257 - 377." type="journal article" year="1864">Baillon (1864: 358)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is recognized by the spatulate leaves (vs. elliptic leaves in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFF1A445EFE4E9500" box="[241,430,266,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFF1A445EFE4E9500" box="[241,430,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFE06445EFC679500" authority="Lamarck (1786: 211)" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityPageNumber="211" authorityYear="1786" box="[493,903,266,293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lanatus">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFE06445EFD749500" box="[493,660,266,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">Croton lanatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F3191AB6FFB6E05FFD70445FFC679500" author="Lamarck, J. B. A. P. M. de" box="[667,903,266,292]" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" pagination="1 - 400" refId="ref2829" refString="Lamarck, J. B. A. P. M. de (1786) Encyclopedie Methodique, Botanique 2 (1). Panckoucke, Paris &amp; Plomteux, Liege, pp. 1 - 400." type="book chapter" year="1786">Lamarck (1786: 211)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
presents sessile glands at the base of the leaf (vs. leaf glands absent in
<taxonomicName id="50881CC4FFB6E05FFE9F447AFDD2956C" box="[372,562,302,329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="244" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bacupariensis">
<emphasis id="A5FCBB55FFB6E05FFE9F447AFDD2956C" box="[372,562,302,329]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="244">C. bacupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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