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<mods:title id="A755527D4A101AF3D52A8ECE86414ABF">The genus Scirtothrips in Australia (Insecta, Thysanoptera, Thripidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="546BBB598FECF8B3B7FD14DDC9E35BDA">Hoddle, Mark S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0391C840FFE599748347FC64FE9AC946" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6276633" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119331997" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6276633" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0391C840FFE599748347FC64FE9AC946" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0391C840FFE599748347FC64FE9AC946" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<paragraph id="8B877956FFE599758347FC64FDB2CE8E" blockId="12.[264,592,948,1009]" box="[264,592,948,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="D0CFCE3AFFE599758347FC64FDB2CE8E" bold="true" box="[264,592,948,974]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758347FC64FDB2CE8E" ID-CoL="4VMZT" authority="Faure" authorityName="Faure" box="[264,592,948,974]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758347FC64FDB2CE8E" bold="true" box="[264,592,948,974]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758347FC64FE1DCE8E" bold="true" box="[264,511,948,974]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scirtothrips aurantii</emphasis>
Faure
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B877956FFE599758347FC07FDDDCEB1" blockId="12.[264,592,948,1009]" box="[264,575,983,1009]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
[
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE599758340FC07FEBECEB1" box="[271,348,983,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ­ 10" captionStartId="32.[264,382,1644,1668]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,332,1621]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[622,969,789,1191]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 1 ­ 10. Scirtothrips heads and pronota. 1, akakia; 2, albomaculatus; 3, aurantii; 4, australiae; 5, casuarinae; 6, dorsalis; 7, dorsalis; 8, drepanofortis; 9, eremicus; 10, dobroskyi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157022/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE599758326FC07FE57CEB1" box="[361,437,983,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 ­ 31" captionStartId="34.[264,382,1666,1690]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,313,1644]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[629,976,582,1034]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 21 ­ 31. Scirtothrips pro­ meso­ and metanota. 21, astibos; 22, aurantii; 23, aurantii; 24, eremicus; 25, australiae; 26, dorsalis; 27, dorsalis; 28, aurantii; 29, quadriseta; 30, moneres; 31, dobroskyi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157024/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">22, 28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE59975838EFC07FE03CEB1" box="[449,481,983,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 ­ 37" captionStartId="35.[264,382,1271,1295]" captionTargetBox="[265,1322,310,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[627,974,317,848]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 32 ­ 37. Scirtothrips pro­ meso­ and metanota. 32, pilbara; 33, akakia; 34, solus; 35, helenae; 36, drepanofortis; 37, aurantii male hind leg." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157025/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE5997583A3FC07FDEECEB1" box="[492,524,983,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 ­ 56" captionStartId="38.[264,382,1676,1700]" captionTargetBox="[265,1322,310,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[622,969,842,1236]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURES 51 ­ 56. Scirtothrips abdominal sternites. 51, australiae V­VII; 52, dorsalis IV­VII; 53, frondis V­VII; 54, aurantii sternites V­VII; 55, albomaculatus sternites IV­VI; 56, quadriseta IV­ VII; 57, drepanofortis male tergites VIII­IX." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/157028/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">54</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE599758056FC07FDDBCEB1" box="[537,569,983,1009]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 ­ 63" captionStartId="39.[264,382,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,310,1245]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 58 ­ 63. Scirtothrips second instar larvae, head and pronotum. 58, aurantii; 59, dorsalis; 60, frondis; 61, helenae; 62, tenor; 63, dobroskyi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273154/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">58</figureCitation>
]
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B877956FFE599758347FBCAFD43C970" blockId="12.[264,673,1049,1073]" box="[264,673,1049,1073]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758347FBCAFD67C970" ID-CoL="4VMZT" authority="Faure, 1929: 3" authorityName="Faure" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1929" box="[264,645,1049,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758347FBCAFE01C971" box="[264,483,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scirtothrips aurantii</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A995F47FFE5997583A6FBC9FD67C970" author="Faure" box="[489,645,1049,1072]" page="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="EFA904A7FFE5997583A6FBC9FD8EC970" author="Faure" box="[489,620,1049,1072]" pageId="12" pageNumber="32" refString="Faure, J. C. (1929) The South African citrus thrips and five other new species of Scirtothrips Shull. Transvaal University College Bulletin (Pretoria), 18, 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1929">Faure, 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 3
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­8.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B877956FFE599758347FB8FFD82CA61" blockId="12.[264,1323,1119,1905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
This species, the South African citrus thrips, was introduced to south eastern Queensland presumably around the year 2000, and by
<date id="FF865F96FFE599758158FB57FC2AC9E1" box="[791,968,1159,1185]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="2003-02">February 2003</date>
had become established and widespread to the east of Brisbane. However, at the time of writing these populations remain associated only with members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758166FB07FC27C9B1" ID-CoL="8N6" box="[809,965,1239,1265]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crassulaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Saxifragales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Crassulaceae</taxonomicName>
, particularly the
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE5997586DCFB07FAC8C9B0" box="[1171,1322,1239,1264]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Spathidiidae" genus="Bryophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Spathidiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE5997586DCFB07FAC8C9B0" box="[1171,1322,1239,1264]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bryophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species that are invasive weeds in pastures and along roadsides. This situation contrasts with that in
<collectingCountry id="F32F39C6FFE5997583D9FAF7FDD3C801" box="[406,561,1319,1345]" name="South Africa" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, where
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE5997580C2FAF7FCEBC800" ID-CoL="4VMZT" box="[653,777,1319,1344]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE5997580C2FAF7FCEBC800" box="[653,777,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found not only on the leaves of native
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE5997586BCFAF7FECEC828" ID-CoL="9CJHV" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE5997586BCFAF7FECEC828" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Acacia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees, but also on a very wide range of introduced plants including
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758616FA9FFB40C828" box="[1113,1186,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Citrus</emphasis>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE5997586FDFA9FFAC6C829" ID-CoL="626WT" box="[1202,1316,1359,1385]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rutaceae</taxonomicName>
] and
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758374FAA7FE30C8D0" box="[315,466,1399,1424]" class="Gymnostomatea" family="Spathidiidae" genus="Bryophyllum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Spathidiida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758374FAA7FE30C8D0" box="[315,466,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Bryophyllum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, and the Australian tree
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758118FAA7FBC4C8D0" ID-CoL="3HCXT" box="[855,1062,1399,1424]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Grevillea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758118FAA7FBC4C8D0" box="[855,1062,1399,1424]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Grevillea robusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE59975867AFAA7FB5CC8D1" ID-CoL="F4J" box="[1077,1214,1399,1425]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Proteales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Proteaceae</taxonomicName>
]. In
<collectingCountry id="F32F39C6FFE5997586BDFAA7FEA5C8F9" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
, only two species of
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758070FA4FFD2BC8F8" ID-CoL="63TB9" box="[575,713,1439,1464]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758070FA4FFD2BC8F8" box="[575,713,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scirtothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known with microtrichial fields extending fully across the sternites. In
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758054FA17FD7AC8A0" ID-CoL="4VMZT" box="[539,664,1479,1504]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758054FA17FD7AC8A0" box="[539,664,1479,1504]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the microtrichia almost cover the entire surface of the sternites, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758049FA3FFD64CB48" ID-CoL="4VN2Q" box="[518,646,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758049FA3FFD64CB48" box="[518,646,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. dorsalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are restricted to the posterior half of each sternite. The second instar larvae of these two species are similar in having reticulate sculpture on the pronotum (
<figureCitation id="130365D3FFE5997583FBF9EFFDDECB19" box="[436,572,1599,1625]" captionStart="FIGURES 58 ­ 63" captionStartId="39.[264,382,1263,1287]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,310,1245]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 58 ­ 63. Scirtothrips second instar larvae, head and pronotum. 58, aurantii; 59, dorsalis; 60, frondis; 61, helenae; 62, tenor; 63, dobroskyi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273154/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 58, 59</figureCitation>
), and very similar sculptured larvae have been found in association with adults both of
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE59975806BF9B7FD0DCBC0" ID-CoL="4VMZH" box="[548,751,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albomaculatus">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE59975806BF9B7FD0DCBC0" box="[548,751,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. albomaculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758167F9B7FC7CCBC0" ID-CoL="4VN3C" box="[808,926,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inermis">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758167F9B7FC7CCBC0" box="[808,926,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. inermis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE59975866BF9B7FB43CBC0" ID-CoL="4VMZT" box="[1060,1185,1639,1664]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE59975866BF9B7FB43CBC0" box="[1060,1185,1639,1664]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758695F9B7FEDFCBE8" ID-CoL="4VN2Q" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758695F9B7FEDFCBE8" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. dorsalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are readily distinguished from each other because the forewing posteromarginal cilia are wavy in
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE5997583D6F967FDF4CB90" ID-CoL="4VMZT" box="[409,534,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE5997583D6F967FDF4CB90" box="[409,534,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but straight in
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758086F967FCA6CB90" ID-CoL="4VN2Q" box="[713,836,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorsalis">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758086F967FCA6CB90" box="[713,836,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. dorsalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, within this genus of 100 species,
<taxonomicName id="4C3802D5FFE599758309F90FFE21CBB8" ID-CoL="4VMZT" box="[326,451,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Thripidae" genus="Scirtothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758309F90FFE21CBB8" box="[326,451,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">S. aurantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique in having a comb of stout dark setae on the posterior margin of the hind femora of the males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3222ADDFFE599748377F8FEFE9AC946" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B877956FFE599748377F8FEFDF2CC1E" blockId="12.[264,1323,1119,1905]" lastBlockId="13.[264,1323,284,1030]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758377F8FEFDC4CA08" bold="true" box="[312,550,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Female macroptera</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE599758079F8FFFD6BCA08" box="[566,649,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Colour</emphasis>
: Body yellow with brown markings medially on tergites and sternites, and antecostal ridges on tergites and sternites dark brown; forewings weakly shaded, paler toward apex; antennal segment I pale, II dark, III IV pale with apex shaded, V VIII dark.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B877956FFE499748377FEBCFD3ECECE" blockId="13.[264,1323,284,1030]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE499748377FEBCFE41CCC5" box="[312,419,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Structure</emphasis>
: Head about twice as wide as long, postocular and ocellar region closely striate; ocellar setae pair III arise with ocellar triangle on or close to tangent between anterior margins of posterior ocelli, distance between their bases less than diameter of first ocellus; compound eyes with no ommatidia strongly pigmented; two pairs of post­ocellar setae longer than ocellar setae pair III. Pronotum closely striate, with 2 pairs of anterior marginal setae, 10­12 discal setae; 4 pairs of posteromarginal setae, S2 clearly longer than S1. Metanotal sculpture variable, transverse anteriorly, longitudinally reticulate posteriorly; median pair of setae at anterior margin. Forewing scale with 3­4 marginal setae; second vein with 2 5 setae; posteromarginal fringe cilia all weakly undulating. Tergites III­V with bases of median setae usually closer together than length of these setae; tergal microtrichial fields with 3 discal setae; VIII with discal microtrichia present anteromedially, posteromarginal comb complete; tergite IX with discal microtrichia absent. Sternites almost covered with microtrichia except anteromedially on VII; median setae on sternite VII arising slightly in front of posterior margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B877956FFE499748377FC4CFE9AC946" blockId="13.[264,1323,284,1030]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="B94CA544FFE499748377FC4CFDEACEF6" bold="true" box="[312,520,924,950]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="F32F39C6FFE499748377FC4CFE97CEF6" box="[312,373,924,950]" name="Malta" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male</collectingCountry>
macroptera
</emphasis>
. Similar to female in colour and sculpture, but smaller; hind femur with row of 5 7 stout dark setae on distal posterior margin; aedeagus apparently with no armature.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>