168 lines
18 KiB
XML
168 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="799BBC132BC11CBB7A4F13BED364F176" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e4b701e-75de-45e2-89dc-223d460e755d" ID-PMC="PMC4283717" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-461-1" ID-PubMed="25561859" ID-ZooBank="350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-461-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 461" ModsDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Hübner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Área de Conservación Guanacaste" checkinTime="1451244993677" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie, Powell, Jerry A., Hallwachs, Winnie & Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2014" docId="DABB9F61C4552137A464A634755161E4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 461: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 461" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377" docTitle="Ethmia berndkerni Phillips, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="505ABA35-D21F-4866-A687-D90114F2E059" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="FFD67D05FF9E2613FFE7FFFAA724FFAC" masterDocTitle="A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1701317000312" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="D1FC6486D246C8D86B12D672439BE4E8">A synopsis of the genus Ethmia Huebner in Costa Rica: biology, distribution, and description of 22 new species (Lepidoptera, Gelechioidea, Depressariidae, Ethmiinae), with emphasis on the 42 species known from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4348753E4AE42E48B61877BCAF7B365">Phillips-Rodriguez, Eugenie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5ED9459C14926FA122222D31D1F51D5B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B7918CEF10DBA979DE0933E501DA05D8">Powell, Jerry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D0494189E76402A28A93A99C61D1BF0">Hallwachs, Winnie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E345407CF488B07F6D5AC9FCEDC59EEB">Janzen, Daniel H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="5610A6010F00CCAE87BC4E37813EE49F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FFC6D5C118C2850EB0BE619938667454">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="970D97D16DEFD11B6AC2232CAEFB511D">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="E7E0675FBB8B273063E2E7CD6F5339D3" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="18A39F94F7BB3992311070C9998875B7">461</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="D0BDBF78BFFC1B18186553A047DDA596">86</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="429F6EF4B8F16D7451FB65447D2A9C67">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="41D423FE4A59AAA28BDD277FB27DA946">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="6E2A799CC297C4BA2B45E7D161EF50D7" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.461.8377</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2DECB2E04B4F5ACA62ECE5519E62B815" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-461-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4D13FE49DA9D0296C386D6F444CE3340" type="ZooBank">350663FDE2024E61968548B2109EDFF8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DABB9F61C4552137A464A634755161E4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="192935964" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:505ABA35-D21F-4866-A687-D90114F2E059" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DABB9F61C4552137A464A634755161E4" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="3658ADF6A2C61B933413770C1BEB0F8D" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="82D845640A9DC6164F89DF18158C2C3E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<pageBreakToken id="93D06E623F262F58D049BACE89ACED82" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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classification Animalia Lepidoptera Depressariidae
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E0D20EB34C27C807A733E7532F12C18B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C7BD3F3FFAEF1737DA93DBD4BE37F170" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="2181E06A0EB34C1624C1A2DC46D22989" LSID="http://zoobank.org/505ABA35-D21F-4866-A687-D90114F2E059" authority="Phillips" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia berndkerni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berndkerni">Ethmia berndkerni Phillips</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="94D8C42C358B207DA6E6B37B3994CDE7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 20, 65, 110, 158
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EA2CF33ADDC6313E92577808433924A7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="44FCC9E0832430F6EDCB9A86CFD3D170" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<pageBreakToken id="773D99CBC42D302F7EA8C4915B304BAA" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="69A96CA50C024B163A3D20C5B290049B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="1E146D6F3FE45D95FCD6285DA8883A64" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia berndkerni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berndkerni">Ethmia berndkerni</taxonomicName>
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is externally very similar to
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<taxonomicName id="274ACCE6EBF301A2009EB2D8E2922255" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia duckworthi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duckworthi">Ethmia duckworthi</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="BF2AFCE330ACAE66242A07982B381A49" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia ehakernae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ehakernae">Ethmia ehakernae</taxonomicName>
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. It is distinguished by the unique shape of the basal processes and the disposition of spines on the apex of valva in male genitalia and by the smaller and unornamented signum in the female genitalia.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="80336C27098FD81EA7FEC3F69CA415CE" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1156BCA6ADE6805F4567CDAFD26F1677" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="407EC347D29B82F1CADB6A51F79D8DF8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Male: FW length 7.5-9.8 mm (n = 5). Head: Labial palpus elongated surpassing base of antenna, black with white bands at apical half of II segment and at middle and apical of III segment; proboscis, front and crown whitish with scatter black scaling, occipital black tuft at mid-dorsum. Thorax: Dorsal scaling gray, collar white, narrow black line at base of tegula, paired blackish spots close to apices of tegula, dark area in scutellum divided by white, one small spot at middle thorax; underside whitish, foreleg and midleg whitish with black rings at tibia, hind leg light brown with whitish rings near tarsus. FW ground color light brown with indistinct dark brown/black elongated markings, a defined big spot at costa before apex; posterior half base without such markings; three big and distinct dark spots at posterior half 0.3
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<normalizedToken id="899DE3AF7DEE4F0CB7526F344236A336" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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from base, one at medial area, and one above tornus; terminal line composed of eight blackish dots from before costa to tornus. HW ground color light brown becoming darker at apex; costa with short whitish modified scales on 0.5
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<normalizedToken id="0275CFBCFE13568053A966D3546AD3BF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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from base, not a defined brush. Abdomen: Dorsal and ventral scaling light brown, genitalia scaling pale yellow to whitish. Genitalia (Fig. 65) with uncus and gnathos absent; apex of valva produced into a lobe with a
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<normalizedToken id="D2ED559F995BB0067B81EAE825F54454" originalValue="“plume”">"plume"</normalizedToken>
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with dense setation, base of this lobe with shorter setae transversely directed to setae; four long spines below apex, one pair inwardly directed, the other parallel to valve axis; a short sacculus projection below spines; basal process shaped like a sickle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18AEDA887BAA149282FB4EB501405A33" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Female: FW length 8.8-10.8 mm (n = 6). Head and thorax: As described for male, except for unmodified HW. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 110) with posterior apophyses long; sterigma sclerotized bilobed; antrum sclerotized and elongated, ductus bursae wide near antrum, becoming narrow anteriorly; signum small unornamented located at posterior half of corpus bursae.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DA7FDC1E5919BCF52CCFA37369BD7282" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="D34D46E2BEE4F8E94AAE8A23220753CB" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A1200298A0D103A44060A6E49158E22F" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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Male: 11-SRNP-101561, DNA Barcoded, Costa Rica: Guanacaste: Sector Pitilla,
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<normalizedToken id="AC939490A65D171F8A2B0C27B9144700" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Pitilla, 675 m 1.iv.2011, S.
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<normalizedToken id="E308D65832DBA60CF30295D353734BE3" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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& H. Cambronero. Deposited in INBio. Paratypes: Costa Rica: Alajuela: P.N.
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<normalizedToken id="C333770E37316E2152DEABB281216B1E" originalValue="Volcán">Volcan</normalizedToken>
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Tenorio, Albergue Heliconias, 700-800 m 1M 1.ii.2000, 1F 20.x.2000, 1F 7.x.2000, 4M 1F 21.ii.2001 Gladys
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<normalizedToken id="9F823AE786377A839F56CB6FE110BD87" originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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. Cartago: Monumento Nal Guayabo, 1100 m, 1M 1.vii.1994, G. Fonseca. Guanacaste: Tierras Morenas, ZP Tenorio, Alto Masis 900 m, 2M 1F 1.viii.1996, 3M 1F 1.xi.1996, G.
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<normalizedToken id="5AE1FE97A7CF969781C721E0C2B2FEE0" originalValue="Rodríguez">Rodriguez</normalizedToken>
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. 4km E Casetilla
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<normalizedToken id="5B8EC490F5DE7862E800A705EC66D83D" originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
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Nat. Pk. 750 m 1F 6.vi.1981, 1M 27.xii.1981 D.H. Janzen.
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<normalizedToken id="254384A296114150887EDB23A73A85A9" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Pitilla, 9km S Sta Cecilia 700 m, 1M 20.xi.1987, 3M 1F 10/18.v.1988, 1F 1.6.1988, D.H Janzen & W. Hallwachs, 1F 10.ix.1990, 1F 1.iv.1991, 1F 1.vi.1991, 1M 1F 19.v.1993, Petrona
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<normalizedToken id="C50C9376CD8BBA7EB58C19751761C7AE" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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, 1F 1.vii.1991, 1F 1.iv.1991, 1F 19.v.1993, 1M 3F 1.v.1991, 1M 27.vii.1992, 1F 19.vi.1993, 1F 1.xi.1990, C. Moraga; 1F 1.v.1989 GNP BIodiv. Inv. Sector del Oro, Sendero Manta 610 m, 1F 16.xi.2009 R.Franco & F.Quesada. Sector Pitilla,
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<normalizedToken id="995301191F1F20FDE00ED0FFC6C7A488" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Pitilla 675m, 1F 01.iv.2011 S.
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<normalizedToken id="6C9DEB5CB386CF2F8F70D7B4442314E6" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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& H.Cambronero, 5F 2.iv.2011 H.Cambronero & S.
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<normalizedToken id="F7F660FD707C303283D614F0DB6EA942" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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; Sendero Memo 774 m 1F 3.iv.2011 H. Cambronero & S.
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<normalizedToken id="221BB2B663E2AA64F7770046ACDD74CE" originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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.
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<normalizedToken id="904D4F0B67C76DF6342EB1A7A746CAF2" originalValue="Limón">Limon</normalizedToken>
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: Tortuguero, Sector Cerro Cocori, Finca de E. Rojas, 150 m 1F 1.viii.1993, E. Rojas. Puntarenas: Cerro de Oro, 200m, 1F 26/30.v.1995, E. Phillips; Bosque Esquinas, 10m 2F 1.iv.1994, M. Segura, 2F 1.v.1994, J. Quesada. Corcovado Nat. Pk. 10 m, 5/14.viii.1978, D. H. Janzen.
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<normalizedToken id="5DE2860024685499F2467FD52AF99C63" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Piedras Blancas, 0-100 m, 2F 12.
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<normalizedToken id="171D801B75829ED69CECCAD05B41B9F3" originalValue="v–">v-</normalizedToken>
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16.vi.2002, M. Moraga, 1F 17.iv.2001, J. Jimenez, 1M 17.iv.2001, B. Espinoza. Los Charcos, 1 km E Banegas, 50 m 1F 6.x.2010, E. Phillips.
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<normalizedToken id="7D92DD5F3ACB15595BFC0E0013F3BDBB" originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
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Esquinas 200 m 1F 1.iv.1993, 2M 1F 1.ix.1993, J. Quesada, 2F 1.x.1993, 1F 1.xii.1993, 1M 1.ii.1993, 2M 1.x.1993, 3M 2F 1.xi.1993, M. Segura. Fila Esquinas, 35 km S Palmar Norte, 2M 2F 7.i.1983 Janzen& Hallwachs. Rancho Quemado, 200 m 1F, 1.i.1991, 2M 2F 1.viii.1991, 2M 1.xi.1991, 4F 4M 1.xii.1991, 3M 1.ii.1992, 1M 1.iii.1992, 1M 21.iii.1992, 1F 1.vi.1992, Freddy Quesada.
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<normalizedToken id="870B37A580215BA14F686BFE1F0D1354" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="67115D788923D987E553E21A0502914E" originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
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Albergue Cerro de Oro, 150 m 1F 26.v.1995, Angela Maroto (BMNH, INBio, EME, USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="783FDE827743B410756B6B4728544D4B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="distribution and biology">
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<paragraph id="3F7F27D731F49B3BF0A01F804CA9C407" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Distribution and biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9844F4FA9DB1D0CF21D0E6F6A2180503" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="27340294E1FF1AABCEBB3D1AF5FD1890" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia berndkerni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berndkerni">Ethmia berndkerni</taxonomicName>
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has been found in Costa Rica (Fig. 158) in the foothills of the Cordillera de Guanacaste, from 150-800 m, north Caribbean lowlands at 200 m, in middle elevations in Cordillera
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<normalizedToken id="594C7153C0AB9D02CC34E820FA6A4920" originalValue="Volcánica">Volcanica</normalizedToken>
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Central (1000-1500 m) and
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<normalizedToken id="C92A074C6EE57773FCCE7686CF46BEEE" originalValue="Península">Peninsula</normalizedToken>
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de Osa (200 m). It occurs in ACG rain forest.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6E434B800032A987BBDCE7B688CC901" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="food plant records">
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<paragraph id="0A354465D7D9355E03D87BDE5C4005A5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Food plant records.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3B261AF0F9C5D070853497ED5E7C1BC" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="9FBBFDF3B16ECDEE0B7BD9CE6D9DFFC6" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia berndkerni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berndkerni">Ethmia berndkerni</taxonomicName>
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has been reared from larvae feeding on
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<taxonomicName id="C0A9B69B08F0155A57BA0BBD07B16973" family="Boraginaceae" lsidName="" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="family">Boraginaceae</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="A4A0C9E73FEDFA2872D25C0204E70D11" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ehretiaceae" genus="Bourreria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bourreria costaricensis" order="Boraginales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="costaricensis">Bourreria costaricensis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="10B68D454F34FF2CE11866F847E72CE1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="25A5A63CDA8A1EF05CB8C5815B0528E1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA760EF7EF69A6875E9D5FD182EE4A4D" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="C9518496816DBAED4CBB9A741BC48FF5" class="Insecta" family="Elachistidae" genus="Ethmia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ethmia berndkerni" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="berndkerni">Ethmia berndkerni</taxonomicName>
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is named in honor of Bernd Kern of Vaesterhaninge, Sweden for being one of the two motors, fuel and drivers of Childrens Rainforest Sweden for three decades of life blood, bone and muscle for the Eternal
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<normalizedToken id="AB8098631F521032D4F08479A6245055" originalValue="Childrens’">Childrens'</normalizedToken>
|
||
Rainforest of Monteverde, Costa Rica, and for two decades of support of ACG rain forest land purchase for permanent wildland conservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |