169 lines
17 KiB
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169 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="90AC50EAD9DE404F5F939C39D8F7E472" ID-CLB-Dataset="6265" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="47aa6d7b-d71f-43b3-8587-453e07fa1c4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766543" ID-ZooBank="50B110AA-35A4-4F96-9C00-22C6F63BF463" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621229352527" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue" docDate="2021" docId="7E390905FF9D4144FF3C27A74B3BFDDF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4970.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4970 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ascalaphus dicax Walker 1853" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="408" masterDocId="8200717DFF9A4143FFAB27304A4CFFA4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="452" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="408" updateTime="1698939901842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4946A1BC5954806E872AE5F0C68F3C56">
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<mods:title id="5DE43BF7491C1B40FAE315B8ADDC7914">Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F457847C7601A7685A6BD98778EB96CD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8B736047970D7EE7415CEE20D8351FA7">Hassan, Muhammad Asghar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2426F76444F02A328CEC37AB702E094D">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="67E13D920CB5E71AA3113E979C13ACB5">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8AB1CAC8925110262D91DFE21FAFCEB7">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="75B411198AE99C0FF44420C0E44FC475">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="23C833C05CF6B7A5B52144F8A056DD2D">
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<mods:date id="4DC81EA39E471E33ACB3872469872F56">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7C5588618C08D4375FA35AD71BB10DBE">2021-05-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="CE9C258F07F3148E02034C5A4B5EC924">4970</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="B471DA56BDEF249E5F399ACBB6D5EE85" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7E390905FF9D4144FF3C27A74B3BFDDF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766549" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182598560" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766549" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E390905FF9D4144FF3C27A74B3BFDDF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E390905FF9D4144FF3C27A74B3BFDDF" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9D4144FF3C27A7485BFF15" box="[151,535,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9D4144FF3C27A7485BFF15" blockId="7.[151,535,151,178]" box="[151,535,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<heading id="AD670F7FFF9D4144FF3C27A7485BFF15" bold="true" box="[151,535,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FF3C27A7485BFF15" ID-CoL="H52T" authority="Walker, 1853" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,535,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF3C27A7485BFF15" bold="true" box="[151,535,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF3C27A74B20FF16" bold="true" box="[151,364,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Ascalaphus dicax</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FED827A7485BFF15" author="Walker, F." box="[371,535,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9D4144FF3C27EC48AFFF50" box="[151,739,219,244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9D4144FF3C27EC48AFFF50" blockId="7.[151,739,219,244]" box="[151,739,219,244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6809F3DFF9D4144FF3C27EC48AFFF50" box="[151,739,219,244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9D4144FF3C27EC4840FF50" author="Walker, F." box="[151,524,219,244]" page="423" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" year="1853">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FF3C27EC4840FF50" ID-CoL="H52T" authority="Walker, 1853: 423" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="423" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,524,219,244]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF3C27EC4B05FF50" box="[151,329,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Ascalaphus dicax</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FEE427EC4840FF50" author="Walker, F." box="[335,524,219,244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker, 1853: 423</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="292B06B1FF9D4144FDBE27EC480BFF50" box="[533,583,220,244]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FD0C27EC4892FF50" box="[679,734,220,244]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">India</collectingCountry>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9D4144FF3C262C4B29FE4F" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9D4144FF3C262C4B29FE4F" blockId="7.[151,1437,284,635]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF3C262C4B5EFE92" bold="true" box="[151,274,284,310]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FEB2262C4B92FE92" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[281,478,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FEB2262C4B92FE92" box="[281,478,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Ascalaphus dicax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be easily distinguished by the angled antenna at the proximal region in the male, with short black setae on basal flagellomeres, while straight in female. Although this species shows similarities with the other two congeners known from
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FD9C265448D5FEDA" box="[567,665,356,382]" name="Pakistan" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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, it can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FC7426554ED5FEDA" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[991,1177,356,383]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prothoracicus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FC7426554ED5FEDA" box="[991,1177,356,383]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. prothoracicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to the absence of a well-developed triangular process on the mesonotum which is present in
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FC6A26B94E37FE06" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[961,1147,392,419]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prothoracicus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FC6A26B94E37FE06" box="[961,1147,392,419]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. prothoracicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and from
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FB5826B94FD0FE06" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1267,1436,392,419]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FB5826B94FD0FE06" box="[1267,1436,392,419]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. abdominalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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due to lack of well-develpoed median dilation on the lateral margin of abdominal tergum 4, which is well-developed in
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9D4144FF1F26E14B11FE4E" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[180,349,464,491]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF1F26E14B11FE4E" box="[180,349,464,491]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">A. abdominalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9D4144FF6C26C44B3BFDDF" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9D4144FF6C26C44B3BFDDF" blockId="7.[151,1437,284,635]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF6C26C44B2DFDAA" bold="true" box="[199,353,500,526]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FECD26C44B89FDAA" box="[358,453,500,526]" name="Pakistan" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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(exact location unknown, it might be distributed in
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FC5526C44EF4FDAB" box="[1022,1208,500,527]" country="Pakistan" name="Punjab" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Punjab province</collectingRegion>
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);
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FB6126C44F1CFDAA" box="[1226,1360,500,526]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FAF226C44FD0FDAA" box="[1369,1436,500,526]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">China</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FF3425284B48FD96" box="[159,260,536,562]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FEBA25284B3AFD97" box="[273,374,536,563]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FE2025284B89FD96" box="[395,453,536,562]" name="India" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">India</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FE7E2529486AFD97" box="[469,550,537,563]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Assam</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FD9825284949FD96" box="[563,773,536,562]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FCB925284928FD96" box="[786,868,536,562]" country="India" name="Odisha" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Odisha</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FCDA25294E43FD96" box="[881,1039,536,563]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9D4144FBB725294EE3FD97" box="[1052,1199,536,563]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
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),
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FB6E25294EB9FD97" box="[1221,1269,537,563]" name="Iraq" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Iraq</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FAA925284FD4FD96" box="[1282,1432,536,562]" name="Saudi Arabia" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Saudi Arabia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FF3C250C4B4BFDF2" box="[151,263,572,598]" name="Indonesia" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FEBF250C4B1EFDF2" box="[276,338,572,598]" name="Syria" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Syria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FECB250D4BEFFDF3" box="[352,419,573,599]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FE1B250C487DFDF2" box="[432,561,572,598]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9D4144FD95250C48E2FDF2" box="[574,686,572,598]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FD14250C4918FDF3" author="Sziraki, G." box="[703,852,572,599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="57 - 72" refId="ref28571" refString="Sziraki, G. (1998) An annotated checklist of the Ascalaphidae species known from Asia and from the Pacific Islands. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 59, 57 - 72. [BotN ref # 9362]" type="journal article" year="1998">Sziráki 1998</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FCC9250C49BDFDF3" author="Ghosh, S. K." box="[866,1009,572,599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref26183" refString="Ghosh, S. K. (2000) Neuroptera fauna of North-East India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 184, i - xiii + 1 - 179. [BotN ref # 11664]" type="journal article" year="2000">Ghosh 2000</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FC56250C4E86FDF3" author="Whittington, A. E." box="[1021,1226,572,599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="371 - 387" refId="ref29063" refString="Whittington, A. E. (2002) Resources in Scottish Neuropterology. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 48, 371 - 387. [BotN ref # 10317]" type="journal article" year="2002">Whittington 2002</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FB7D250D4FDBFDF3" author="Yang, D. & Liu, X. Y. & Yang, X. K." box="[1238,1431,572,599]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" refId="ref29135" refString="Yang, D., Liu, X. Y. & Yang, X. K. (2018) Species Catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (II), Neuropterida. Science Press, Beijing, 104 pp. [BotN ref # 18122]" type="book" year="2018">
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Yang
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FAB2250D4F1FFDF2" box="[1305,1363,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
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2018
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</bibRefCitation>
|
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9D4144FF3C25514B27FDDF" author="Hassan, M. A. & Oswald, J. D. & Zia, A. & Liu, X. Y." box="[151,363,608,635]" pageId="7" pageNumber="408" pagination="497 - 541" refId="ref26253" refString="Hassan, M. A., Oswald, J. D., Zia, A. & Liu, X. Y. (2019) Neuropterida (Insecta: Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Neuroptera) of Pakistan: a catalogue and faunistic review. Zootaxa, 4686 (4), 497 - 541. [BotN ref # 18759] https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4686.4.3" type="journal article" year="2019">
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Hassan
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9D4144FF4425514B6BFDDE" box="[239,295,608,634]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="408">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2019
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
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|
</document> |