treatments-xml/data/32/7F/56/327F5660926C5CD4E362E038AB70CF41.xml

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<mods:title id="55007A515E095C5776E8DA4F50F7789E">Arthropod Fauna of the United Arab Emirates 3</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="C247B99991801E9E8F498A9706C99F21" ID-CoL="6GFVN" authority="Bequaert, 1961" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="608" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">
Eremomidas arabicus 
<bibRefCitation id="379A22C799EB28AC473BD513E0DE10DF" author="Bequaert, M." box="[106,892,542,592]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pagination="1 - 36" part="37" refId="ref4186" refString="Bequaert, M. (1961): Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues. Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 37 (34): 1 - 36." title="Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues" type="journal article" year="1961">Bequaert, 1961</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B033926F0E3B556A4D14DD9174A9ACC5" box="[811,868,1098,1124]" pageId="0" pageNumber="608" type="mainText">Plate 1</paragraph>
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<caption id="C12631153E78CC0771F6E662C28EC981" box="[106,768,1048,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="caption">
<paragraph id="15D1A226E85E4E7E7D5B594A36DCA9F8" box="[106,768,1048,1071]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="caption">
<pageBreakToken id="7ACCCD82A1C12EFC56298D79E216028D" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" start="start">Plate</pageBreakToken>
1. 
<taxonomicName id="302D6B17951CE2CD5935CF75B1906A58" authority="Bequaert" authorityName="Bequaert" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">Eremomidas arabicus Bequaert</taxonomicName>
, female, ad-Dhaid. (Photograph by Jan Batelka)
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<subSubSection id="379092E1FD128FCE912252887E1357ED" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8E91076D92178A2E68FCDF531160B248" box="[106,892,1118,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="mainText">
Diagnosis: 
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is distinguished from other 
<taxonomicName id="82A795396E33F8323EF289055E7AE106" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
species by the overall white or light grey appearance (Plate 1), the sharply depressed vertex, the absence of long setae on thorax and abdomen, the vestigial proboscis, and M 1 + 2 terminating in R 1. To this day, it is the largest species of 
<taxonomicName id="6DAE8A16B32671EC00F2AB61C4B42D8D" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mydidae</taxonomicName>
found in the Arabian Peninsula, with females having a wing length of 17.5 - 
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="371E1550E2BCD3499349D445551838D4" box="[106,515,1237,1263]" pageId="1" pageNumber="609" type="mainText">Expanded diagnosis based on specimens studied:</paragraph>
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Male. Head distinctly wider than thorax (at postpronotal lobes); interocular distance on vertex 
<pageBreakToken id="B4CCBBB0E4C29990DBFC851F0EC2F8B9" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" start="start">smaller</pageBreakToken>
than at ventral eye margin; vertex sharply depressed (nearly 90 ˚ angle on median eye margin); width of parafacial area (between tentorial pit and median eye margin) less than half the width of facial gibbosity (at same level); densely white pruinose, only ocellar triangle, vertex, and postgenae apruinose and dark brown; facial gibbosity distinct, discernible in lateral view, entirely covered with long, white mystacal setae; frons, vertex, and occiput with white setae; proboscis light brown, vestigial, knob-like; maxillary palpi laterally compressed, light brown, slightly longer than proboscis. Antennae brown; scape and pedicel with white setae dorsally and ventrally, scape longer than pedicel; postpedicel in proximal half cylindrical, distal half symmetrically bulbous,&gt; 2.0 times as long as combined length of scape and pedicel; apical 
<normalizedToken id="EDEEBCFCC46673D113624223F98ABB62" originalValue="‘seta-like’" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">' seta-like'</normalizedToken>
sensory element situated apically in cavity on postpedicel.
</paragraph>
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Thorax. Light brown, predominantly white pruinose, only postpronotal lobes, proepisternum, anterior half of anepimeron, and posterior half of scutellum apruinose; scutum with faint dark grey longitudinal stripes just lateral of median line and laterally with presutural and postsutural spots. Setation. Distinct notopleural, supra-alar, and postalar macrosetae absent; white setae scattered on scutum, but not on faint dark grey spots / stripes, longest laterally dorsal to anepisternum; antepronotum, proepisternum, and postpronotal lobes with long white setae; katatergite and apruinose part of anepimeron with short white setae; scutellum, mesopostnotum, and anatergite asetose. Legs light brown to brown with white setae; pro and mes coxae apruinose, met coxae white pruinose; femora brown, met femora cylindrical as wide as pro and mes femora, met femora without ventral macrosetae; pro and mes tibiae laterally arched, met tibia straight, met tibia without ventral keel; pro and mes tarsomeres of equal length, met proximal tarsomere as long as combined length of 2 nd and 3 rd tarsomeres; pulvilli well-developed, as long as well-developed claws, much wider than base of claws. Wings. Length 11.2 - 
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; hyaline throughout, very few microtrichia scattered on wing, all veins light yellow, all marginal wing cells closed; C terminating at junction with R 1; R 4 either terminating in R 2 + 3 or R 1; R 5 terminating in R 1; stump vein (R 3) present at base of R 4; R 4 and R 5 (forming cell r 4) more or less parallel medially; M 1 + 2 terminating in R 1; CuA 1 and CuA 2 split proximally to m-cu (cell m 3 narrow proximally); alula very large, touching scutellum medially; haltere light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="099CEDCC9B6DCC8F8F372687E4AFA2E3" box="[83,868,806,903]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">Abdomen. Predominantly brown, T 2 as wide as T 1, T white pruinose, S predominantly apruinose, scattered white setae; T 1 - 7 well-developed and visible; T 2 with anterior apruinose stripe; T 1 - 6 posterior margin yellow; bullae on T 2 light brown and circular; S 1 entirely yellow, S 2 - 7 posterior margin yellow. Terminalia not studied in detail.</paragraph>
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Female. Interocular distance on vertex nearly as wide as width of base of scutellum (nearly 3 times as wide as in male) width of parafacial area (between tentorial pit and median eye margin) more than half the width of facial gibbosity; head setation much shorter, only few mystacal setae; thoracic setation much shorter; pulvilli on all tarsi about half the length of claws, only as wide as base of claws; wing length 17.5 - 
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; abdominal pruinosity reduced, only T 1 completely white pruinose, T 2 - 3 (slightly on T 4) only laterally pruinose, T 5 - 8 entirely apruinose; tergites proximally brown in varying extent. Genitalia. Ovipositor with acanthophorite plates each with 7 spurs; internal structures not studied.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="5F2F0E584526F32E6DD3F90F2D755ED4" box="[83,869,1093,1263]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
Remarks: This species was described by 
<bibRefCitation id="CB87B7F8E1DE940014D9BA426588B175" author="Bequaert, M." box="[106,892,542,592]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique" pagination="1 - 36" part="37" refId="ref4186" refString="Bequaert, M. (1961): Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues. Bulletin Institut royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 37 (34): 1 - 36." title="Mydaidae palearctiques nouvelles ou peu connues" type="journal article" year="1961">Bequaert (1961: 33)</bibRefCitation>
from Seivun (= 
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, Saiwun, 
<geoCoordinate id="5695957546498A9DD766AA2086A2CEBD" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" precision="1" value="15.933333">15 ° 56 ' N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="355E7851E534930B8A5D3486224037A7" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" precision="1" value="48.783333">48 ° 47 ' E</geoCoordinate>
) in central Yemen and is here recorded for the first time from Oman and the 
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. The 
<typeStatus id="77E255297F2390313DAF3AC313018439" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">holotype</typeStatus>
is deposited in the 
<collectionCode id="06CD830658A1A5D9B25561F62F316476" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">BMNH</collectionCode>
. This species shows sexual dimorphism particularly in the morphology of the head, the reduction of pulvilli in the female, and reduced setation in the female. Males and females of this species have been photographed at Khor Yfrah, Um al-Quwain, 
<collectionCode id="A93FD17CAF2500BCEE48A54231EFFD9F" collectionName="Canada, Alberta, Edmonton, University of Alberta, E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="610">UAE</collectionCode>
, and the images have been published in 
<bibRefCitation id="900DC795DB05B461309E67B95703ECE1" author="Howarth, B." box="[106,892,758,831]" journalOrPublisher="Tribulus" pagination="24 - 29" part="16" refId="ref4339" refString="Howarth, B. (2006): Diptera of the UAE - collated records from the literature with additions of new records, accompanied by some noteson Mydidae and Stratiomyidae new to the UAE. Tribulus, 16 (2): 24 - 29." title="Diptera of the UAE - collated records from the literature with additions of new records, accompanied by some noteson Mydidae and Stratiomyidae new to the UAE" type="journal article" year="2006">Howarth (2006</bibRefCitation>
: Figs 1 - 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3E857AF0B8A3259BACB6084DAA2614A" box="[83,862,1261,1287][106,893,111,400]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="611" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" type="mainText">
The placement of this species in 
<taxonomicName id="F63250F9ABFE66D5659F5C211B2FB152" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="610" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
is somewhat questionable based on comparison 
<pageBreakToken id="004E592820F2917925BB212498BC0CE9" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" start="start">with</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName id="986A2680C6D1B026EB043EE55F8A2AFB" authority="Semenov, 1922" authorityName="Semenov" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bek">Eremomidas bek Semenov, 1922</taxonomicName>
, from Kazakhstan. In particular, the shape of the aedeagus is different in that it is more or less dorso-ventrally flattened and not laterally compressed as in 
<taxonomicName id="DA1114ED8E0CB1A8E63FB4C1298D18BF" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
(see illustrations in 
<bibRefCitation id="17239099F44F563B567C5733AF45B6F6" author="Richter, V. A. &amp; O. G. Ovtshinnikova" box="[106,892,1022,1095]" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Dipterological Research" pagination="95 - 107" part="7" refId="ref4550" refString="Richter, V. A. &amp; O. G. Ovtshinnikova (1996): On the structure of male and female genitalia in Palaearctic mydids (Diptera, Mydidae). International Journal of Dipterological Research, 7 (2): 95 - 107." title="On the structure of male and female genitalia in Palaearctic mydids (Diptera, Mydidae)" type="journal article" year="1996">Richter &amp; Ovtshinnikova, 1996</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8C763986E9C322594446D8523D4B1451" author="Richter, V." box="[106,892,950,1023]" editor="L. Papp &amp; B. Darvas" pagination="539 - 547" refId="ref4495" refString="Richter, V. (1997): Family Mydidae. Pp. 539 - 547 in: L. Papp &amp; B. Darvas (eds), Contribution to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance), Vol. 2 Nematocera and Lower Brachycera." title="Family Mydidae. Pp" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Contribution to a Manual of Palaearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance), Vol. 2 Nematocera and Lower Brachycera" year="1997">Richter, 1997</bibRefCitation>
), the wing venation is more similar to 
<taxonomicName id="5893DEFDB6B2FAEC21DE623D706686D2" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Syllegomydinae">Syllegomydinae</taxonomicName>
in that M 1 + 2 terminates in R 1 and not in C as is found in 
<taxonomicName id="C7DA91F7EAB37E6DE70810EB9AC61014" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eremomidas</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4381619E45545CF46156C22C91EED375" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptomydinae">Leptomydinae</taxonomicName>
, and the proboscis is vestigial as is always found in species of SyllegomydasBecker, 1906 (
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). The latter two characters are probably the reason why 
<bibRefCitation id="53C380B050C068E2863ACC594705A1FF" author="Deeming, J. C." box="[106,892,638,688]" journalOrPublisher="Arthropod fauna of the UAE" pagination="602 - 603" part="1" refId="ref4269" refString="Deeming, J. C. (2007): Order Diptera, family Mydidae. Arthropod fauna of the UAE, 1: 602 - 603." title="Order Diptera, family Mydidae" type="journal article" year="2007">Deeming (2007)</bibRefCitation>
recorded a specimen from Oman (Wahiba Sands, 
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) as belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="74BEE9A7BDCC396BC0E6F8DF544F0842" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Syllegomydas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Syllegomydas</taxonomicName>
, which has now been identified as 
<taxonomicName id="112B550C5634B0B21535074196B9A6CC" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" genus="Eremomidas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arabicus">Eremomidas arabicus</taxonomicName>
. The correct generic placement of this species and an undescribed one from Sudan, which is very similar in aedeagal and proboscis morphology and wing venation (unpublished data), needs to be established with a phylogenetic analysis of 
<taxonomicName id="A55E5F02ABFAC500BABDDCDA07E3DDC5" class="Insecta" family="Mydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mydidae</taxonomicName>
genera that is currently in preparation by the author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C71F16DC61C99707283E65A08B24EF12" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F2925A37D71EC7A92B01E916DB07A89C" box="[106,892,399,448]" pageId="3" pageNumber="611" type="mainText">
Distribution: Yemen, Oman, 
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. This species is therefore distributed in both the Afrotropical and Palaearctic regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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