294 lines
38 KiB
XML
294 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="305E5B9167B165F67B8F0643E5D672D3" ID-CLB-Dataset="21908" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2017.383" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97b45cd3-b0b6-44ca-8c76-a7c81bf4b555" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3839807" ID-ZooBank="8D18E64D-6E01-43CC-9A97-BD5C4D2160E1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1590155411540" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Holovachov, Oleksandr" docDate="2017" docId="1A10CE2EC034FFD6E061F8BDFBF79265" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2017-383.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 383" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Belgopeltula Holovachov, 2017, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C016D9A9-F945-4320-A549-9180F7E3CF80" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="E629B656C035FFD5E20AFFACFFD39771" masterDocTitle="Belgopeltula belgica (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) gen. et comb. nov. and Mudwigglus micramphidium sp. nov. from the west coast of Sweden, and reappraisal of the genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Diplopeltidae)" masterLastPageNumber="21" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1698840935253" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A85255F2A2BFE581DA2B3A3DEB0B0285">Belgopeltula belgica (Vincx & Gourbault, 1992) gen. et comb. nov. and Mudwigglus micramphidium sp. nov. from the west coast of Sweden, and reappraisal of the genus Pseudaraeolaimus Chitwood, 1951 (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Diplopeltidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E278DD6B7EDFD13870907094EC5429B9">Holovachov, Oleksandr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="BF709D4B01EF8DDDA5E95426DF164468">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DC5C0AEAC5D6C0EB14283EE7BBEECA27">
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<mods:date id="AF82EDBD7542C22C2C6A7413A5F36DB6">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AB9598CDD20270D494ED573377D6AB1F">2017-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="731DECE5A68E91DB2A80C9EE451A5E69">383</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F99C20001C4C97000F63C9851E82A064" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2017.383</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1A10CE2EC034FFD6E061F8BDFBF79265" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3853273" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164249264" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3853273" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C016D9A9-F945-4320-A549-9180F7E3CF80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A10CE2EC034FFD6E061F8BDFBF79265" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C034FFD4E061F8BDFC1A905D" box="[619,969,1809,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C034FFD4E061F8BDFC1A905D" blockId="1.[374,1213,1809,1871]" box="[619,969,1809,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="C94EC854C034FFD4E061F8BDFC1A905D" box="[619,969,1809,1836]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC034FFD4E0B7F8BDFC85905D" ID-CoL="8FZPC" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[701,854,1809,1836]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC034FFD4E0B7F8BDFC85905D" bold="true" box="[701,854,1809,1836]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C034FFD4E154F8BEFC1A905D" box="[862,969,1810,1836]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C034FFD4E37CF898FB6E903E" box="[374,1213,1844,1871]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C034FFD4E2B7F8DAFC0590CE" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C034FFD4E2B7F8DAFE1890E1" blockId="1.[189,459,1910,1936]" box="[189,459,1910,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<heading id="C94EC854C034FFD4E2B7F8DAFE1890E1" bold="true" box="[189,459,1910,1936]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC034FFD4E2B7F8DAFE1890E1" bold="true" box="[189,459,1910,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<typeStatus id="4D02C19AC034FFD4E2B7F8DAFF2990E1" box="[189,250,1910,1936]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type</typeStatus>
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and only species
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="92067F38C034FFD4E2B7F808FC0590CE" blockId="1.[189,982,1956,2018]" box="[189,982,1956,1983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC034FFD4E2B7F808FD2490CF" ID-CoL="8G4DR" authority="(Vincx & Gourbault, 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Vincx & Gourbault" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[189,759,1956,1982]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="belgica" status="gen. et comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC034FFD4E2B7F808FE6390CF" box="[189,432,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Belgopeltula belgica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C034FFD4E3CAF808FD3C90CF" author="Vincx M. & Gourbault N." box="[448,751,1956,1982]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="165 - 178" refId="ref9739" refString="Vincx M. & Gourbault N. 1992. Six new species of the genus Diplopeltula (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) with remarks on the heterogeneity of the taxon. Hydrobiologia 230: 165 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00036563" type="journal article" year="1992">Vincx & Gourbault, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C034FFD4E0F4F809FC0590CE" box="[766,982,1956,1983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species">gen. et comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C034FFD4E2B7F864FD299093" box="[189,762,1991,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C034FFD4E2B7F864FD299093" blockId="1.[189,982,1956,2018]" box="[189,762,1991,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B2A95816C034FFD4E2B7F864FD299093" box="[189,762,1991,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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=
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<treatmentCitation id="13185929C034FFD4E2DFF86BFD299093" box="[213,762,1991,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC034FFD4E2DFF86BFD299093" ID-CoL="8G7H8" authority="Vincx & Gourbault, 1992" authorityName="Vincx & Gourbault" authorityYear="1992" box="[213,762,1991,2018]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="belgica">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC034FFD4E2DFF86BFE159090" box="[213,454,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Diplopeltula belgica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C034FFD4E3C4F86BFD299093" author="Vincx M. & Gourbault N." box="[462,762,1991,2018]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="165 - 178" refId="ref9739" refString="Vincx M. & Gourbault N. 1992. Six new species of the genus Diplopeltula (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) with remarks on the heterogeneity of the taxon. Hydrobiologia 230: 165 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 00036563" type="journal article" year="1992">Vincx & Gourbault, 1992</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C037FFD7E2B7FEA7FD2E932B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FEA7FEE59654" blockId="2.[189,310,267,293]" box="[189,310,267,293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="C94EC854C037FFD7E2B7FEA7FEE59654" bold="true" box="[189,310,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E2B7FEA7FEE59654" bold="true" box="[189,310,267,293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FE95FD2E932B" blockId="2.[189,1399,313,1114]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Cuticle transversely striated; striae without ornamentation. Lateral alae absent. Body pores and epidermal glands absent. Somatic sensilla indistinct. Labial region bluntly rounded; lips fused. Inner labial sensilla invisible if present. Outer labial sensilla papilliform, located on the anterior surface of lips. Cephalic sensilla setiform; their bases located at the base of the labial region, anterior to amphid. Subcephalic and cervical sensilla, deirid and ocelli absent. Amphidial fovea unispural (circular) in female and double-loop-shaped in male (starting from the
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E179FE46FB9A9572" box="[883,1097,489,515]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">porus amphidialis</emphasis>
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, fovea extends anteriorly for a short distance, makes a loop towards ventral side of the body and extends posteriorly for the full length of the amphidial fovea, makes another loop towards dorsal side of the body and extends anteriorly almost to the level of the
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E3F8FDF8FD1A951C" box="[498,713,595,621]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">porus amphidialis</emphasis>
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). Secretory-excretory system present; renette cell located opposite to the anterior part of intestine. Cuticularised secretory-excretory duct very short, opens to the exterior at the level of cephalic setae bases. Oral opening shifted towards the dorsal side of the body. Buccal cavity small and narrow, cheilostom short, remaining part of stoma undifferentiated; its lining is uniform with the lining of the pharynx. Pharyngeal tubes absent. Pharynx subdivided into anterior corpus and posterior postcorpus; corpus fusiform, muscular, with evenly distributed myofilaments; postcorpus narrow and long, weakly muscularised; pharyngeal lumen uniform in thickness along the entire pharynx length; valves absent. Pharyngeal gland orifices penetrate pharyngeal lumen as the base of the stoma. Postcorpus is surrounded by six large pseudocoelomocyles. Female reproductive system didelphic-amphidelphic, with equally developed branches, ovaries reflexed antidromously. Spermatheca present. Vulva equatorial. Vagina straight;
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E0A0FC18FC1094BC" box="[682,963,947,973]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">pars proximalis vaginae</emphasis>
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encircled by single sphincter muscle;
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E2B7FC7BFE089481" box="[189,475,982,1008]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">pars refringens vaginae</emphasis>
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and epiptygmata absent.
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<collectingRegion id="507DB1DAC037FFD7E11EFC7AFC839481" box="[788,848,982,1008]" country="Maldives" name="Maale" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Male</collectingRegion>
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reproductive system diorchic, testes opposed (anterior testis outstretched, posterior testis reflexed). Spicules symmetrical, arcuate; gubernaculum present. Supplements, precloacal and postcloacal sensilla absent. Three caudal glands present, their cells and nuclei are incaudal. Spinneret present.‘‘
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C037FFD7E2B7FB2DFCBE939F" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FB2DFE9793EA" blockId="2.[189,324,1153,1179]" box="[189,324,1153,1179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="C94EC854C037FFD7E2B7FB2DFE9793EA" bold="true" box="[189,324,1153,1179]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E2B7FB2DFE9793EA" bold="true" box="[189,324,1153,1179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FB1CFCBE939F" blockId="2.[189,1399,1200,1262]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The name “
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E343FB1CFE0C93BB" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[329,479,1200,1226]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E343FB1CFE0C93BB" box="[329,479,1200,1226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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” combines parts of the original binomen: “Belg–” comes from species name
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E2B7FB7FFEC0939C" authorityName="Vincx & Gourbault" authorityYear="1992" box="[189,275,1235,1261]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="belgica">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E2B7FB7FFEC0939C" box="[189,275,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">belgica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and “–opeltula” – from Genus name
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E0D8FB7FFCB5939C" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[722,870,1235,1261]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E0D8FB7FFCB5939C" box="[722,870,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="DAA32CB3C037FFD6E2B7FAB8FBF79265" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FAB8FEB4925F" blockId="2.[189,359,1300,1326]" box="[189,359,1300,1326]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="C94EC854C037FFD7E2B7FAB8FEB4925F" bold="true" box="[189,359,1300,1326]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E2B7FAB8FEB4925F" bold="true" box="[189,359,1300,1326]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Relationships</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7FAEFFB4C917C" blockId="2.[189,1398,1347,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The new genus is proposed to accommodate the single species
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<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E1ADFAEFFB4A922C" authorityName="Vincx & Gourbault" authorityYear="1992" box="[935,1177,1347,1373]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="belgica">
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<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E1ADFAEFFB4A922C" box="[935,1177,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diplopeltula belgica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and is particularly characterised by following unique characters: amphidial fovea circular in female and double-loop-shaped in male; secretory-excretory pore located at the level of cephalic setae bases; oral opening subterminal, located on the dorsal side of the body; pharynx subdivided into strongly muscularised fusiform corpus and weakly muscularised narrow and long postcorpus; female didelphic with antidromously reflexed ovaries; male diorchic with opposed testes; pre- and postcloacal supplements absent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD7E2B7F998FBC19053" blockId="2.[189,1398,1588,1826]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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The morphology of the pharynx in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E041F998FD32913F" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[587,737,1588,1614]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E041F998FD32913F" box="[587,737,1588,1614]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C037FFD7E0ECF999FC9C913E" box="[742,847,1589,1615]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
needs to be clarified. In the original publication, the pharynx is described as: “muscular with an elongated terminal bulb”. The drawing shows rather cylindrical anterior part of the pharynx that rapidly widens short distance posterior to the amphideal fovea; the nerve ring is drawn immediately in front of this pharyngeal expansion, at 54% of the pharynx length. The only other known record of the same species published by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C037FFD7E1E4F96DFAA591AA" author="Fadeeva N. & Mordukhovich V." box="[1006,1398,1729,1755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="119 - 123" refId="ref9011" refString="Fadeeva N. & Mordukhovich V. 2013. Some new and poorly known nematode species from the Sea of Japan. Deep-Sea Research II 86 - 87: 119 - 123. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. dsr 2.2012.07.044" type="journal article" year="2013">Fadeeva & Mordukhovich (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
describes the pharynx as follows: “pharynx terminates in a small bulb-like expansion”. Nerve ring is not depicted in the figure but is said to encircle pharynx at 77% of its length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92067F38C037FFD6E2B7F8E5FCD296FE" blockId="2.[189,1399,1865,1997]" lastBlockId="3.[189,1399,267,399]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
Videos of the pharyngeal region of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D02C19AC037FFD7E09AF8E5FD2B9012" box="[656,760,1865,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC037FFD7E12BF8E5FBC59012" authorityName="Vincx & Gourbault" authorityYear="1992" box="[801,1046,1865,1891]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="belgica">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC037FFD7E12BF8E5FBC59012" box="[801,1046,1865,1891]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diplopeltula belgica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were examined. Morphology of the pharynx and surrounding tissues in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D02C19AC037FFD7E0D4F8C0FC9590F7" box="[734,838,1900,1926]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
confirms well with observations of pharyngeal region in recent specimens: fusiform corpus and narrow postcorpus; large pseudocoelomocyles surrounding anterior part of postcorpus and glandular cells surrounding posterior part of it. Photographs of the specimen from the Sea of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EAAE3FA8C036FFD6E059FEA0FD449657" box="[595,663,268,294]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
also show most of the features observed in specimens from the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="EAAE3FA8C036FFD6E35CFE82FE649639" box="[342,439,302,328]" name="Sweden" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
, despite it being not in the best quality: distinct fusiform corpus and narrower postcorpus; large pseudocoelomocyles surrounding postcorpus along most of its length; basal part of the pharynx surrounded by small glandular cells.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92067F38C036FFD6E2B7FE1AFEA595F1" blockId="3.[189,1399,438,640]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
The unique shape of the male amphid (starting from the
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E167FE1BFB9696A1" box="[877,1093,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">porus amphidialis</emphasis>
|
||
, fovea extends anteriorly for a short distance, makes a loop towards ventral side of the body and extends posteriorly for the full length of the amphid, makes another loop towards dorsal side of the body and extends anteriorly almost to the level of the
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E384FD8DFDB1954B" box="[398,610,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">porus amphidialis</emphasis>
|
||
) separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E0EEFD8CFCA9954B" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[740,890,544,570]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E0EEFD8CFCA9954B" box="[740,890,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C036FFD6E18BFD8CFC38954B" box="[897,1003,544,570]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
from all other genera classified in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E334FDEFFE0D952C" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1918" box="[318,478,579,605]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Diplopeltidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E3E4FDEFFDAC952C" author="Leduc D." box="[494,639,579,605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref9510" refString="Leduc D. 2013. Mudwigglus gen. n. (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) from the continental slope of New Zealand, with description of three new species and notes on their distribution. Zootaxa 3682: 351 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3682.2.8" type="journal article" year="2013">Leduc 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E086FDE8FC65952C" author="Fonseca G. & Bezerra T. N." box="[652,950,579,606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="467 - 486" refId="ref9057" refString="Fonseca G. & Bezerra T. N. 2014. 7.15 Order Araeolaimida De Coninck & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1933. In: Schmidt-Rhaesa A. (ed) Handbook of Zoology. Gastrotricha, Cycloneuralia, Gnathifera. Volume 2: Nematoda: 467 - 486. de Gruyter, Gottingen." type="book chapter" year="2014">Fonseca & Bezerra 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which have unispiral or single loopshaped amphid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92067F38C036FFD6E2B7FD04FAE294C9" blockId="3.[189,1399,680,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E2B7FD04FE8095B3" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[189,339,680,706]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E2B7FD04FE8095B3" box="[189,339,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C036FFD6E353FD04FE1095B3" box="[345,451,680,706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E3F3FD04FCF195B3" authority="Leduc, 2013" authorityName="Leduc" authorityYear="2013" box="[505,802,680,706]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Mudwigglus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E3F3FD04FD5995B3" box="[505,650,680,706]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mudwigglus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E09AFD04FCF195B3" author="Leduc D." box="[656,802,680,706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref9510" refString="Leduc D. 2013. Mudwigglus gen. n. (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) from the continental slope of New Zealand, with description of three new species and notes on their distribution. Zootaxa 3682: 351 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3682.2.8" type="journal article" year="2013">Leduc, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the only two genera in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E6DDFD04FAA495B3" authorityName="Filipjev" authorityYear="1918" box="[1239,1399,680,706]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">Diplopeltidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with antidromously reflexed ovaries, while the rest of the genera are characterised by outstretched ovaries. In this respect, both genera show similarities to the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E1EBFD42FE46945D" authority="Tchesunov, 1990" authorityName="Tchesunov" authorityYear="1990" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltoididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plectida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="family">
|
||
Diplopeltoididae
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E6A5FD42FAA49479" author="Tchesunov A. V." box="[1199,1399,750,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="5 - 18" refId="ref9604" refString="Tchesunov A. V. 1990. A critical analysis of the family Aegialoalaimidae (Nematoda, Chromadoria), trends in evolutionary development of marine nematode pharynx and a proposal of two new families. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 69: 5 - 18." type="journal article" year="1990">Tchesunov, 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E2CFFCBDFE5E945D" author="Tchesunov A. V." box="[197,397,785,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="5 - 18" refId="ref9604" refString="Tchesunov A. V. 1990. A critical analysis of the family Aegialoalaimidae (Nematoda, Chromadoria), trends in evolutionary development of marine nematode pharynx and a proposal of two new families. Zoologicheskii Zhurnal 69: 5 - 18." type="journal article" year="1990">Tchesunov 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(currently placed in the order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E118FCBDFBC6945D" authority="Gadea, 1973" authorityName="Gadea" authorityYear="1973" box="[786,1045,785,812]" class="Chromadorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plectida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="order">
|
||
Plectida
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E176FCBDFBC6945D" author="Gadea E." box="[892,1045,785,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="87 - 92" refId="ref9111" refString="Gadea E. 1973. Sobre la filogenia interna de los Nematodos. Publicaciones del Instituto de Biologia Aplicada 54: 87 - 92." type="journal article" year="1973">Gadea, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E622FCBDFB6D945D" author="Gadea E." box="[1064,1214,785,812]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="87 - 92" refId="ref9111" refString="Gadea E. 1973. Sobre la filogenia interna de los Nematodos. Publicaciones del Instituto de Biologia Aplicada 54: 87 - 92." type="journal article" year="1973">Gadea 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)). However, as discussed in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E358FC99FE20943E" author="Leduc D." box="[338,499,821,847]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="351 - 370" refId="ref9510" refString="Leduc D. 2013. Mudwigglus gen. n. (Nematoda: Diplopeltidae) from the continental slope of New Zealand, with description of three new species and notes on their distribution. Zootaxa 3682: 351 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3682.2.8" type="journal article" year="2013">Leduc (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the morphology of female ovaries (outstretched vs reflexed) may not always be consistent in all species within large taxonomic categories, and in some cases may not have diagnostic value. To make things more complicated, the morphology of female ovaries has not been described in large number of species placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E0CEFC32FC8B94C9" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[708,856,926,952]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E0CEFC32FC8B94C9" box="[708,856,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including its
|
||
<typeStatus id="4D02C19AC036FFD6E60AFC33FBE094C8" box="[1024,1075,927,953]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E69CFC33FAE294C9" box="[1174,1329,926,952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E69CFC33FAFE94C9" authorityName="Gerlach" authorityYear="1950" box="[1174,1325,926,952]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="breviceps">D. breviceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="92067F38C036FFD6E2B7FC4CFBF79265" blockId="3.[189,1399,992,1300]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
In having oral opening located on the dorsal side of the body, the new genus resembles the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E2B7FBAFFD46936C" authority="Cobb, 1920" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[189,661,1027,1053]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Campylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E2B7FBAFFE8D936C" box="[189,350,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Campylaimus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E362FBAFFE27936C" author="Cobb N. A." box="[360,500,1027,1053]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref8947" refString="Cobb N. A. 1920. One hundred new nemas. (Type species of 100 new genera). Contributions to a Science of Nematology 9: 217 - 343." type="journal article" year="1920">Cobb, 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F62802C9C036FFD6E00CFBAFFD5E936C" author="Cobb N. A." box="[518,653,1027,1053]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="217 - 343" refId="ref8947" refString="Cobb N. A. 1920. One hundred new nemas. (Type species of 100 new genera). Contributions to a Science of Nematology 9: 217 - 343." type="journal article" year="1920">Cobb 1920</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E612FBAFFB7F936C" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1048,1196,1027,1053]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E612FBAFFB7F936C" box="[1048,1196,1027,1053]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It can be easily separated from both genera in the morphology of the amphidial fovea (circular in female and characteristic double-loop-shaped in male vs single loop in both females and males in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E1F0FBE5FB5D9312" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[1018,1166,1097,1123]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E1F0FBE5FB5D9312" box="[1018,1166,1097,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E6CEFBE5FAB69312" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[1220,1381,1097,1123]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Campylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E6CEFBE5FAB69312" box="[1220,1381,1097,1123]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Campylaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the female reproductive system (ovaries reflexed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E124FBC0FC1793F7" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[814,964,1132,1158]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E124FBC0FC1793F7" box="[814,964,1132,1158]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C036FFD6E1C4FBC1FBE893F6" box="[974,1083,1133,1159]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
vs ovaries outstretched in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E2B7FB3CFE8293DB" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[189,337,1168,1194]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E2B7FB3CFE8293DB" box="[189,337,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E386FB3CFDFE93DB" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[396,557,1168,1194]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Campylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E386FB3CFDFE93DB" box="[396,557,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Campylaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the pharynx (subdivided into fusiform corpus and narrow postcorpus in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E2D1FB1FFEA293BC" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[219,369,1203,1229]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E2D1FB1FFEA293BC" box="[219,369,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C036FFD6E37DFB1FFE3293BC" box="[375,481,1203,1229]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
vs cylindrical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E0A0FB1FFCED93BC" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[682,830,1203,1229]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E0A0FB1FFCED93BC" box="[682,830,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E17CFB1FFBC493BC" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[886,1047,1203,1229]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Campylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E17CFB1FFBC493BC" box="[886,1047,1203,1229]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Campylaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the position of excretory pore (located at the level of cephalic setae bases in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E101FB7AFC729381" authorityName="Holovachov" authorityYear="2017" box="[779,929,1238,1264]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Belgopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E101FB7AFC729381" box="[779,929,1238,1264]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Belgopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BBFE1E51C036FFD6E1ADFB7BFBC29380" box="[935,1041,1239,1265]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
vs at the level of posterior part of pharynx or anterior part of intestine in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E0AEFB55FCEB9262" baseAuthorityName="Leduc" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[676,824,1273,1299]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Diplopeltula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E0AEFB55FCEB9262" box="[676,824,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diplopeltula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55B904BBC036FFD6E17BFB55FBC19262" authorityName="Cobb" authorityYear="1920" box="[881,1042,1273,1299]" class="Chromadorea" family="Diplopeltidae" genus="Campylaimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araeolaimida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="A0CDA32AC036FFD6E17BFB55FBC19262" box="[881,1042,1273,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Campylaimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |