344 lines
40 KiB
XML
344 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CD9A69BE5824AEFBF5F480DBC2E0EFCB">Catharanthus makayensis L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal. (Apocynaceae), a new species from Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0D2BCA075084980E06FB4047047A02E9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E0A428EE0781852BDEF1562AB9108BC2">Allorge, Lucile</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DE396FB01340ADC8874B05D73EE0DAEE">Institut de Systématique, Évolution, et Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN EPHE UPMC), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, C. P. 39, rue Cuvier 57, F- 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7EB3A69356BFD483487A66EE6127AF53" type="email">allorge@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="121AC2C11B3875EC23802722EE88F0CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FDCFD685AACF1A1A543FBB09B70F04D9">Phillipson, Peter B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0E7AEBDF94BF3B0A654696971B0D80C3">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 - 0299 (USA) and Institut de Systématique, Évolution et Biodiversité (UMR 7205 – CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, rue Cuvier 57, C. P. 39, 75231 Paris CEDEX 05, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D3841827AE637165355C9B36C00B3100">Razakamalala, Richardson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="97DD7A1B1C7CAFF25E2933E744283325">Missouri Botanical Garden Madagascar Research and Conservation Program, B. P. 3391, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C01977A16A47DEA621A202FC1CD16468">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4D2E0F25E9E52D5D8D0BA837E07C0D84">Candollea</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1E25AD8229C9D25E30A07AD75BABE680">
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<mods:date id="306F8243511A2E2D18D72AFB5541319E">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="43B40F33100D0C3DC4DCF7C386CA4CA2">2015-06-01</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5705140" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190305515" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5705140" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection id="C3506567FFEAFF96429E162EFC85F985" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF96429E162EFE0BFAEE" blockId="4.[132,782,1319,1376]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<heading id="D0BD8180FFEAFF96429E162EFE0BFAEE" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEAFF96429E162EFC86FACE" ID-CoL="RTT4" authority="L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal." authorityName="L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal." authorityYear="2015" box="[132,779,1319,1344]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96429E162EFE01FAB1" bold="true" box="[132,396,1319,1343]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Catharanthus makayensis</emphasis>
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L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal.
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,
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96429E1641FF7BFAEE" bold="true" box="[132,246,1352,1376]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D5785FFEAFF96429E1641FF7BFAEE" box="[132,246,1352,1376]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" rank="species">spec. nova</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13712A69FFEAFF9643191641FECFFAEE" box="[259,322,1352,1376]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[131,158,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. – Living plants in situ of Catharanthus makayensis L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal. (A-D) and C. roseus (L.) G. Don (E). A. Branch with inflorescence; B. Inflorescence with sideview of flower and young fruits; C. Flower bud showing bumps in corolla tube over the stamens and stigma; D. Detail of stems, showing the angles, petiolate leaves and persistent calices; E. Topview of flower. [Photos:A -B: Peter Phillipson; C-D: Bruno David; E: Lucile Allorge]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5684393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5684393/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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A-D).
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF9642B3167AFC85F985" blockId="4.[169,782,1394,1547]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<materialsCitation id="3B223CB1FFEAFF9642B3167AFDE9F984" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3411800301" collectingDate="13. I. 2010" collectionCode="MO" collectorName="Razakamalala & Rakotovao & Andriantiana" country="Madagascar" county="Commune Beronono" elevation="448" latitude="-21.341667" location="Foret d'Anosilamy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.18139" municipality="Fokontany Beronono" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" specimenCode="MO-2282216" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9642B3167AFE3AFA05" bold="true" box="[169,439,1395,1419]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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Typus:
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<collectingCountry id="F35D767CFFEAFF964316167AFE3AFA05" box="[268,439,1395,1419]" name="Madagascar" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9643D1167AFD13FA05" bold="true" box="[459,670,1394,1419]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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Prov. de
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<collectingRegion id="498EF80EFFEAFF964023167BFD1EFA04" box="[569,659,1394,1418]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Toliara</collectingRegion>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="498EF80EFFEAFF9640B2167BFE93FA24" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Atsimo-Andrefana</collectingRegion>
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Region,
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<location id="8E956037FFEAFF96439E169AFDDFFA24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60:8E956037FFEAFF96439E169AFDDFFA24" box="[388,594,1426,1451]" country="Madagascar" county="Commune Beronono" latitude="-21.341667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.18139" municipality="Fokontany Beronono" name="Foret d'Anosilamy" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" stateProvince="Toliara">Forêt d’Anosilamy</location>
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,
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<location id="8E956037FFEAFF964047169BFF7CFA44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60:8E956037FFEAFF964047169BFF7CFA44" country="Madagascar" county="Commune Beronono" latitude="-21.341667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.18139" municipality="Fokontany Beronono" name="Fokontany Beronono" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" stateProvince="Toliara">Fokontany Beronono</location>
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,
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<location id="8E956037FFEAFF96431A16BAFE7FFA44" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60:8E956037FFEAFF96431A16BAFE7FFA44" box="[256,498,1459,1483]" country="Madagascar" county="Commune Beronono" latitude="-21.341667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.18139" municipality="Fokontany Beronono" name="Commune Beronono" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" stateProvince="Toliara">Commune Beronono</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502BFFEAFF96409D16BBFC85FA44" box="[647,776,1458,1482]" degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" precision="15" seconds="53" value="45.18139">45°10’53”E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<elevation id="0067D1DFFFEAFF9642B316DAFF7CFA64" box="[169,241,1491,1515]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4799999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="448.0">448 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFB0E9C4FFEAFF9642E616DAFEEBFA65" box="[252,358,1491,1515]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<date id="FFF4102CFFEAFF9642E616DAFEA9FA65" box="[252,292,1491,1515]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" value="2010-01-13">13.I</date>
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.2010
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</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEAFF96436816DBFD81FA64" box="[370,524,1490,1514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Razakamalala</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEAFF96400D16DBFD0BFA64" box="[535,646,1490,1514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Rakotovao</collectorName>
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&
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||
<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEAFF9640B016DBFF52F984" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Andriantiana</collectorName>
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5155
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54F1884EFFEAFF96433316FBFEE8F984" box="[297,357,1522,1546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="holotype">holo-</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED5BAE29FFEAFF96436916FAFE2EF985" box="[371,419,1523,1547]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
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[
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<specimenCode id="DBEC9E97FFEAFF9643AA16FBFDC2F984" box="[432,591,1522,1546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">MO-2282216</specimenCode>
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]!;
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B223CB1FFEAFF96407116FBFC8EF985" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3406698303" box="[619,771,1522,1547]" collectingDate="13. I. 2010" collectionCode="P, TAN" collectorName="Razakamalala & Rakotovao & Andriantiana" country="Madagascar" county="Commune Beronono" elevation="448" latitude="-21.341667" location="Foret d'Anosilamy" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.18139" municipality="Fokontany Beronono" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Toliara" typeStatus="isotype">
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<typeStatus id="54F1884EFFEAFF96407116FBFD19F984" box="[619,660,1522,1546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="isotype">iso-</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED5BAE29FFEAFF9640BB16FAFD22F984" box="[673,687,1523,1546]" country="France" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15763" name="Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN) - Vascular Plants" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="Herbarium">P</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED5BAE29FFEAFF9640A216FAFD7CF985" box="[696,753,1523,1547]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
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!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3506567FFEAFF9742B31514FF22FB60" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF9642B31514FE5DF91B" blockId="4.[169,782,1565,1685]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9642B31514FE5DF91B" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Differs from all other species by its hexangular stems, stems and leaves with a distinctive puberulent indument, and flowers with its long filiform recurved sepals and corolla with white lobes and a deep magenta eye.</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF9642B315B4FC67FD44" blockId="4.[132,782,1725,1941]" lastBlockId="4.[819,1470,274,715]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Perennial
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96430215B4FEC9F95B" box="[280,324,1725,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">herb</emphasis>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96437115B4FE58F95B" box="[363,469,1725,1749]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="55.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="50.0">50-60 cm</quantity>
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||
tall, with sparse white latex.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96429E15D4FF4FF97A" box="[132,194,1757,1780]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Stems</emphasis>
|
||
hexagonal-costulate, the ridges most pronounced towards the base, puberulent at least when young, pustulate at the base; internodes ca
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9643841414FE59F8BB" box="[414,468,1821,1845]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long at the base of the stem, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9642AF1434FF66F8DB" box="[181,235,1853,1877]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
|
||
long above.
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||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9643631437FE4DF8DB" box="[377,448,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
opposite; petiole
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9640911434FD41F8DB" box="[651,716,1853,1877]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; limb narrowly elliptic, 3.2-3.8 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9640181454FD0FF8FB" box="[514,642,1885,1909]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.2">1.2-1.5 cm</quantity>
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||
, mucronate, sub-coriaceous, puberulent; veins pale yellow when fresh (drying brown-green), secondary veins 6-8 sub-opposite pairs, clearly visible on the abaxial and adaxial sides, forming an angle of 30-35 to the midrib; mucro
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9646E2125AFAB4FEE4" box="[1272,1337,339,363]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96479A125BFC0FFE04" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Inflorescence</emphasis>
|
||
pseudo-axillary, present in the axil of one leaf of a leaf-pair, usually comprising two flowers lacking a common peduncle and developing sequentially, occasionally reduced to a solitary flower.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9641EA12DBFBCEFE64" box="[1008,1091,466,490]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||
erect, shortly pedicellate; pedicels
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96412912FAFC07FD84" box="[819,906,499,523]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; calyx with curved filiform sepals,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96473112FBFA0CFD84" box="[1323,1409,498,522]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5-6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; corolla tube very slender,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96465E111AFB32FDA4" box="[1092,1215,531,555]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="2.9" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.8">2.8 to 3 cm</quantity>
|
||
long,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96471B111AFAD8FDA4" box="[1281,1365,531,555]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter, somewhat swollen in the throat
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF964683113AFB7EFDC4" box="[1177,1267,563,587]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the mouth, magenta; corolla propeller-like, lobes highly assymetrical, 2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF964140117AFC02FD04" box="[858,911,627,651]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
|
||
, white shading abruptly to magenta at the base.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96479D117AFA30FD04" box="[1415,1469,627,650]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">Fruit</emphasis>
|
||
comprising two erect follicles,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF964691119AFB54FD24" box="[1163,1241,659,683]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
×
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9646E2119AFAB6FD24" box="[1272,1339,659,683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, containing 3-4 brown seeds.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF96414311FBFB5BFB04" blockId="4.[819,1471,754,1163]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96414311FBFCE9FCA4" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Geographic distribution and habitat. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEAFF9646FA11FBFCE9FCA4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">Catharanthus makayensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is only known from two collections made within the Makay Massif, an area of sandstone situated to the north of the Mangoky River and to the south-east of the city of Morondava. The plants were observed growing in sandy ground on riverbanks, and moist areas among rocks, at elevations of
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96475D109BFA36FC24" box="[1351,1467,914,938]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="500.0" valueMax="600.0" valueMin="400.0">400-600 m</quantity>
|
||
. The Makay region has been only very poorly explored, but recently the first serious attempts to conduct biological inventory have been made in the massif, thanks to the efforts of the NGO “Naturevolution” (http://www.naturevolution.org) and the production of a film in 2011 (“Makay, les aventuriers du monde perdu”) by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1DFFEAFF9641E3175AFACCFBE4" author="GEDEON PROGRAMMES" box="[1017,1345,1106,1131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refId="ref4487" refString="GEDEON PROGRAMMES (2015). Makay, les aventuriers du monde perdu [http: // www. gedeonprogrammes. com]." type="url" year="2015">GEDEON PROGRAMMES (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and a book (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1DFFEAFF964124177AFB93FB05" author="WENDENBAUM, E." box="[830,1054,1139,1163]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refId="ref4635" refString="WENDENBAUM, E. (2011). Makay - A la decouverte du Dernier Eden. Editions de la Martiniere, Paris." type="book" year="2011">WENDENBAUM, 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) about this work.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF96414317BAFA0AF885" blockId="4.[819,1470,1202,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF96414317BAFACCFB44" box="[857,1345,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Conservation status. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEAFF96462517BBFACCFB44" box="[1087,1345,1202,1226]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">Catharanthus makayensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is currently known from only two localities approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF96472D17DAFAF0FB64" box="[1335,1405,1234,1259]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
apart in the Makay Massif, an area that has been only very poorly explored. Our observations in the field suggest that it is not common in the massif, although further exploration in suitable habitats would almost certainly reveal additional localities for the species. The area is remote from habitation and is currently subject to little impact from grazing or other human-induced impacts. Nevertheless the Makay Massif lacks legal protection, and proposed mining projects in the area may impact the species in the future. It is impossible to reliably estimate the Extent of Occurrence of the species on the basis of the data currently available, but based on the two known locations an estimated Area of Occupancy of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEAFF9646A7155AFB78F9E4" box="[1213,1269,1618,1643]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C3F9BA4FFEAFF9646EF155BFB70F9EE" attach="left" box="[1269,1277,1618,1632]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">2</superScript>
|
||
can be calculated for the species. With no immediate threats to the survival of the two known sub-populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEAFF9646A0159AFAC0F924" box="[1210,1357,1682,1706]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF9646A0159AFAC0F924" box="[1210,1357,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">C. makayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and until more information on the distribution of the species becomes available it is best assessed as “Vulnerable” [VU D2] following IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB4B1DFFEAFF9646EA15FAFAF1F885" author="IUCN" box="[1264,1404,1779,1803]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" refId="ref4511" refString="IUCN (2012). IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. 2 nd Edition. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge." type="book" year="2012">IUCN, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEAFF964143143BFAE0F8E5" blockId="4.[819,1469,1842,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEAFF964143143BFB50F8C4" box="[857,1245,1842,1866]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Phenology. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEAFF9641C7143BFB50F8C4" box="[989,1245,1842,1866]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="4" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">Catharanthus makayensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has been observed in flower and in fruit in August, November and January.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEBFF974289121AFEEAFBE4" blockId="5.[109,760,274,1130]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974289121AFE71FEA4" box="[147,508,274,298]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
Note. –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9742F3121BFE71FEA4" box="[233,508,274,298]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">Catharanthus makayensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs from all other species by its stems which are distinctly hexagonal in crosssection, a characteristic which is most easily observed in fresh material. Other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9743F3127BFDF2FE04" box="[489,639,370,394]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9743F3127BFDF2FE04" box="[489,639,370,394]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Catharanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are either quadrangular-winged in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF974391129AFE66FE24" box="[395,491,402,426]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974391129AFE66FE24" box="[395,491,402,426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF97403D129AFD5DFE24" box="[551,720,402,426]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichophyllus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF97403D129AFD5DFE24" box="[551,720,402,426]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. trichophyllus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or cylindrical (sometimes with shallow longitudinal ridges) in all the other species. The new species can also be distinguished from other species of the genus by certain characters of the flowers, notably by its
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEBFF974346111BFE39FDA4" box="[348,436,530,554]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5-6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long filiform sepals which are clearly much narrower and longer than for all the other species, with the only exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF974389115AFD84FDE4" box="[403,521,595,618]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974389115AFD84FDE4" box="[403,521,595,618]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. coriaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the latter species is highly distinct with its pendulous fruits, as opposed to the erect fruits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF974310119AFE13FD24" box="[266,414,658,682]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974310119AFE13FD24" box="[266,414,658,682]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. makayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all other species. Together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9742B311BAFE85FD44" box="[169,264,691,714]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9742B311BAFE85FD44" box="[169,264,691,714]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF97430C11BAFE23FD44" box="[278,430,690,714]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF97430C11BAFE23FD44" box="[278,430,690,714]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. makayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only species to have a magenta eye, rather than white to pale yellow in all the other species, however, the corolla lobes and the flower bud of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9740C511FAFF56FCA4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9740C511FAFF56FCA4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. makayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are pure white (or possibly slightly pale pink tinted) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A69FFEBFF97426F103BFF66FCC5" box="[117,235,818,843]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[131,158,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. – Living plants in situ of Catharanthus makayensis L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal. (A-D) and C. roseus (L.) G. Don (E). A. Branch with inflorescence; B. Inflorescence with sideview of flower and young fruits; C. Flower bud showing bumps in corolla tube over the stamens and stigma; D. Detail of stems, showing the angles, petiolate leaves and persistent calices; E. Topview of flower. [Photos:A -B: Peter Phillipson; C-D: Bruno David; E: Lucile Allorge]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5684393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5684393/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 2A, D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF974330103AFE09FCC4" box="[298,388,819,842]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974330103AFE09FCC4" box="[298,388,819,842]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
typically has pink lobes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13712A69FFEBFF97408D103BFD66FCC5" box="[663,747,818,843]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[131,158,1708,1727]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[132,1470,271,1667]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 2. – Living plants in situ of Catharanthus makayensis L. Allorge, Phillipson & Razakamal. (A-D) and C. roseus (L.) G. Don (E). A. Branch with inflorescence; B. Inflorescence with sideview of flower and young fruits; C. Flower bud showing bumps in corolla tube over the stamens and stigma; D. Detail of stems, showing the angles, petiolate leaves and persistent calices; E. Topview of flower. [Photos:A -B: Peter Phillipson; C-D: Bruno David; E: Lucile Allorge]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5684393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5684393/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Certain forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF97433E105AFEF6FCE4" box="[292,379,851,874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF97433E105AFEF6FCE4" box="[292,379,851,874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a predominantly white corolla, but this is coupled with a white or pale yellow eye as far as is known in wild populations (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF974383109AFDD8FC24" box="[409,597,914,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="roseus" variety="albus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF974383109AFE7CFC24" box="[409,497,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF97403B109BFDD8FC24" box="[545,597,914,938]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">albus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Horticultural forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9742CF10BAFEBFFC44" box="[213,306,947,970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="roseus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9742CF10BAFEBFFC44" box="[213,306,947,970]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. roseus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are available with a diversity of colours, including some that closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9743EE10DAFD0DFC64" box="[500,640,978,1002]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="makayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9743EE10DAFD0DFC64" box="[500,640,978,1002]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. makayensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Two other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9742C110FBFEEAFB84" box="[219,359,1010,1034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9742C110FBFEEAFB84" box="[219,359,1010,1034]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Catharanthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been collected just to the south and/or north of the Makay Massif:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9743EA171AFD27FBA4" authority="Markgr." authorityName="Markgr." box="[496,682,1042,1066]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9743EA171AFDC1FBA4" box="[496,588,1042,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
Markgr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A4D6FFFEBFF9740C5171AFEE3FBC4" authority="(Pichon) Pichon" authorityName="Pichon" baseAuthorityName="Pichon" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Catharanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scitulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9740C5171AFF38FBC4" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">C. scitulus</emphasis>
|
||
(Pichon) Pichon
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but they have not yet been recorded within the massif itself.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF536ECFFEBFF9742891785FF22FB60" blockId="5.[109,761,1163,1262]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B223CB1FFEBFF9742891785FF22FB60" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3406698304" collectingDate="2010-11-22" collectionCode="TAN" collectorName="Phillipson & Andriantiana & Rakotovao" country="Madagascar" elevation="480" latitude="-21.215557" location="Makay Massif" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.31861" municipality="Atsimo-Andrefana" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Toliara" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9742891785FF52FB10" box="[147,223,1164,1182]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F1884EFFEBFF9742891785FF56FB10" box="[147,219,1164,1182]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">Paratypi</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF9742EB1785FD84FB11" bold="true" box="[241,521,1163,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35D767CFFEBFF9742EB1785FEE2FB13" box="[241,367,1164,1183]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Prov. de
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498EF80EFFEBFF9743D81782FD8FFB10" box="[450,514,1163,1182]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Toliara</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91AC96FFEBFF9740141782FD3DFB10" box="[526,688,1163,1182]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Atsimo-Andrefana</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
Region.
|
||
<location id="8E956037FFEBFF97427717AFFF7CFB37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60:8E956037FFEBFF97427717AFFF7CFB37" box="[109,241,1190,1209]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-21.215557" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.31861" municipality="Atsimo-Andrefana" name="Makay Massif" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Toliara">Makay Massif</location>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8E956037FFEBFF9742E117AFFD05FB37" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E387FAFFEAFF97429E162EFF22FB60:8E956037FFEBFF9742E117AFFD05FB37" box="[251,648,1190,1209]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-21.215557" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="45.31861" municipality="Atsimo-Andrefana" name="Along a tributary of Menampandaha River" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" stateProvince="Toliara">Along a tributary of Menampandaha River</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502BFFEBFF97408917AFFD7BFB37" box="[659,758,1190,1209]" degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-21.215557">21°12’56”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7E502BFFEBFF97427717C8FF42FB5A" box="[109,207,1217,1236]" degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="07" value="45.31861">45°19’07”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CB29B09FFEBFF9742C217C8FE9DFB5A" box="[216,272,1217,1236]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="480.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0067D1DFFFEBFF9742C217C8FE9DFB5A" box="[216,272,1217,1236]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="480.0">480 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFF4102CFFEBFF97430317C8FEF1FB5A" box="[281,380,1217,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" value="2010-11-22">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB0E9C4FFEBFF97430317C8FEF1FB5A" box="[281,380,1217,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" value="2010-11-22">22.XI.2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B93EEAFEFFEBFF97439F17C8FD7AFB5A" box="[389,759,1217,1236]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEBFF97439F17C8FE54FB5A" box="[389,473,1217,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Phillipson</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEBFF9743FB17C8FDDFFB5A" box="[481,594,1217,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Andriantiana</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="26BF533AFFEBFF97407517C8FD4AFB5A" box="[623,711,1217,1236]" pageId="5" pageNumber="66">Rakotovao</collectorName>
|
||
6174
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5BAE29FFEBFF97426917D2FF28FB60" box="[115,165,1243,1262]" country="Madagascar" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13842" name="Parc de Tsimbazaza" pageId="5" pageNumber="66" type="Herbarium">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |