445 lines
49 KiB
XML
445 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="5D909DA9BFEB07D093FFD35A300EDBA2" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278408" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7a094bd8-4285-408f-ad78-89681bc13477" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278408" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460334425779" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mlíkovský, Jiří & Frahnert, Sylke" docDate="2011" docId="03BF733CFFFEFFD0FF707FC637303232" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02990p029.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2990" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Alauda bicornis C. L. Brehm" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FF860B44FFFBFFD6FFE77F1B35393356" masterDocTitle="Type specimens and type localities of birds collected during the Hemprich and Ehrenberg expedition to Lebanon in 1824" masterLastPageNumber="29" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698259450870" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="1392D1DC82BC9F8423EF217C267B6CC7">Type specimens and type localities of birds collected during the Hemprich and Ehrenberg expedition to Lebanon in 1824</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FEA0580DB92324E3235EB6498A99D579">Mlíkovský, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="99412E001627748EB6C22D4A62015178">Frahnert, Sylke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DEB1D8F3AE5E46936FE2782D39E83526">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03BF733CFFFEFFD0FF707FC637303232" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6185569" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119405008" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6185569" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF733CFFFEFFD0FF707FC637303232" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF733CFFFEFFD0FF707FC637303232" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="C30C91A1FFFEFFD3FF707FC6371233A1" box="[151,555,221,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF707FC6371233A1" blockId="5.[151,555,221,247]" box="[151,555,221,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="D0E17546FFFEFFD3FF707FC6371233A1" bold="true" box="[151,555,221,247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707FC6371233A1" bold="true" box="[151,555,221,247]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707FC634B033A1" bold="true" box="[151,393,221,247]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Phileremos
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FEC07FC634B033A1" authority="C. L. Brehm" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" box="[295,393,221,247]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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C. L. Brehm
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C91A1FFFEFFD3FF707E39310832E0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF707E3937B53222" blockId="5.[151,847,289,373]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FF707E3934CE3261" authority="Hemprich, 1824" authorityName="Hemprich" authorityYear="1824" box="[151,503,289,311]" class="Aves" family="Cinclidae" genus="Accentor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707E3934723261" box="[151,331,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Accentor bicornis</emphasis>
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Hemprich, 1824
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</taxonomicName>
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[Unpublished label name.]
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FF707E5B34C53200" authority="Lichtenstein, 1825" authorityName="Lichtenstein" authorityYear="1825" box="[151,508,320,342]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707E5B34003200" box="[151,313,320,342]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bicornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FEA77E5B34C53200" author="Lichtenstein" box="[320,508,320,342]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1825) Verzeichniss der Gegenstande, welche die Doctoren Ehrenberg und Hemprich im Jahr 1824, in Arabien und Syrien gesammelt und in ihrer neunten (8 ten) [sic!] Sendung uberschickt haben. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur ZMB S I, Hemprich & Ehrenberg, I (pp. 175 - 176) und III (pp. 183 - 185)." type="journal article" year="1825">
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<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FEA77E5B34F93200" box="[320,448,320,342]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
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, 1825
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[Unpublished manuscript name.]
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707E4434333223" box="[151,266,351,373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Phileremos</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FEE87E4437123222" authority="C. L. Brehm, 1842" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityYear="1842" box="[271,555,350,373]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FEE87E44345B3223" box="[271,354,351,373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">bicornis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FE8F7E4437123222" author="Brehm" box="[360,555,350,372]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: col. 504.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF707E84310832E0" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" box="[151,1073,414,439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF707E8435EA32E1" bold="true" box="[151,211,415,439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Now.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FF3D7E85362F32E0" ID-CoL="7JQDB" authority="C. L. Brehm, 1842" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" authorityYear="1842" box="[218,790,414,438]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Eremophila" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="alpestris" subSpecies="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF3D7E85371E32E0" box="[218,551,414,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Eremophila alpestris bicornis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FDD07E85363432E0" author="Brehm" box="[567,781,414,438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. See
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FCB77E84311432E0" author="Hartert" box="[848,1069,414,438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 348." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905: 263)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30C91A1FFFEFFD3FF227ED9373E34A4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227ED937093131" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227ED93469328C" bold="true" box="[197,336,449,474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227ED93439328C" box="[197,256,450,474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
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series.
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</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FEB17ED93708328C" author="Brehm" box="[342,561,450,474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm (1842)</bibRefCitation>
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based this species on
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FCC17ED936E0328C" box="[806,985,450,474]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FCC17ED936E0328C" box="[806,985,450,474]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of Hemprich [= label name] and
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FAAC7ED9377432AB" authority="Temminck" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1823" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FAAC7ED935D432A8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bilopha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FF137EFE377432AB" author="Temminck" box="[244,589,485,509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Temminck, C. J. (1823): pls. 240 - 245, Livraison 41, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriees d'oiseaux, pour de suite et de complement aux planches enluminees de Buffon. (F. G. Levrault ed.), No. 41, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1823">Temminck [= Temminck 1823</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: pl. 244, fig. 1], which he cited exclusively in the synonymy of his
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FAA67EFD34143177" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Phileremon
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FF367D1234143177" box="[209,301,521,545]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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. The reference to Hemprich’s
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FD747D1236733177" box="[659,842,521,545]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FD747D1236733177" box="[659,842,521,545]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bicornis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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means that all
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<specimenCount id="9D1009A3FFFEFFD3FC187D1231A33177" box="[1023,1178,521,545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">29 specimens</specimenCount>
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listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FAF67D1234473112" author="Lichtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1825) Verzeichniss der Gegenstande, welche die Doctoren Ehrenberg und Hemprich im Jahr 1824, in Arabien und Syrien gesammelt und in ihrer neunten (8 ten) [sic!] Sendung uberschickt haben. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur ZMB S I, Hemprich & Ehrenberg, I (pp. 175 - 176) und III (pp. 183 - 185)." type="journal article" year="1825">
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<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FAF67D1230A53177" box="[1297,1436,521,545]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
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(1825, Nr. 245–273)
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</bibRefCitation>
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as
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FE427D3737633112" box="[421,602,556,580]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">
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<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FE427D3737633112" box="[421,602,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bicornis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
are
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||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FD6B7D3637C83113" box="[652,753,557,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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||
, and that all
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||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FC647D3636DC3113" box="[899,997,557,581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of Temmick's
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FB697D3730053112" box="[1166,1340,556,580]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
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||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FB697D3730053112" box="[1166,1340,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bilopha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
are also
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF707D4A35C0313F" box="[151,249,593,617]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
of
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||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FEF97D4A34AB313E" box="[286,402,592,616]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. b i c o r n i s</emphasis>
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||
C. L. Brehm.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227D683419306A" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Hemprich
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<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FEDC7D6F349831DA" box="[315,417,628,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FE4B7D6837BE31DD" author="Lichtenstein" box="[428,647,627,651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1825) Verzeichniss der Gegenstande, welche die Doctoren Ehrenberg und Hemprich im Jahr 1824, in Arabien und Syrien gesammelt und in ihrer neunten (8 ten) [sic!] Sendung uberschickt haben. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur ZMB S I, Hemprich & Ehrenberg, I (pp. 175 - 176) und III (pp. 183 - 185)." type="journal article" year="1825">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FE4B7D68370F31DD" box="[428,566,627,651]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1825)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
decided that five of these
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FC4D7D6F313531DA" box="[938,1036,628,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
should be retained in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FACE7D6F305131DD" box="[1321,1384,628,651]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
, and offered the remaining 24
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FE507D83372031E6" box="[439,537,664,688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
for sale. Subsequently, however, seven of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FBCF7D8331B331E6" box="[1064,1162,664,688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were registered into the Inventory Catalogue of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE287DA037323184" box="[463,523,699,722]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
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||
(see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FD987DA136743184" author="Lichtenstein" box="[639,845,698,722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1854) Nomenclator avium Museu zoologici berolinensis - Namenverzeichniss der in der zoologischen Sammlung der Koniglichen Universitat zu Berlin aufgestellten Arten von Vogeln anch den in der neueren systematik am meisten zur Geltung gekommenen Namen und Gattungen und ihrer Unterabtheilungen. Konigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin, viii + 123 pp." type="book" year="1854">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FD987DA136303184" box="[639,777,698,722]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1854
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 38 sub
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FC4B7DA0318C3184" box="[940,1205,698,722]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Otocoryx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FC4B7DA0312C3184" box="[940,1045,699,722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Otocoryx</emphasis>
|
||
[sic!]
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FB877DA1318C3184" box="[1120,1205,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">bilopha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and therefore they should be in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FEB37DC434AD31A0" box="[340,404,735,758]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
. We found only one of them in 2010, the remaining six thus having been lost. Although
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D1009A3FFFEFFD3FA677DC53435304F" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="generic">22 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
seem to have been sold by
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FDAB7C1A37EF304F" box="[588,726,769,793]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
prior to 1854 (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FC4C7C1A3140304F" author="Lichtenstein" box="[939,1145,769,793]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1854) Nomenclator avium Museu zoologici berolinensis - Namenverzeichniss der in der zoologischen Sammlung der Koniglichen Universitat zu Berlin aufgestellten Arten von Vogeln anch den in der neueren systematik am meisten zur Geltung gekommenen Namen und Gattungen und ihrer Unterabtheilungen. Konigliche Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin, viii + 123 pp." type="book" year="1854">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FC4C7C1A310F304F" box="[939,1078,769,793]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1854
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 38), we were not able to locate them.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227C5334333747" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Temminck
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FEA37C5234923037" box="[324,427,841,865]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FE507C5337B83036" author="Temminck" box="[439,641,840,864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Temminck, C. J. (1823): pls. 240 - 245, Livraison 41, Nouveau recueil de planches coloriees d'oiseaux, pour de suite et de complement aux planches enluminees de Buffon. (F. G. Levrault ed.), No. 41, Paris." type="book chapter" year="1823">Temminck (1823)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FD367C5336B93036" box="[721,896,840,864]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FD367C5336B93036" box="[721,896,840,864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bilopha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on specimens collected by W.P.E.S. Rüppell in Arabia Petraea. We located three such specimens in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FD137C77367130D5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[756,840,876,899]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
(see below) and
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FBF57C70317330D5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1042,1098,875,899]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
(54830 and 54831, both collected by E. Rüppell;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE6C7C9434F230F1" box="[395,459,911,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">GBIF</collectionCode>
|
||
2010). There is, however, no evidence that Temminck saw or included the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FAFD7C94306B30F1" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1306,1362,911,935]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
specimens in his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FEC17CA834EF309D" box="[294,470,947,971]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FEC17CA834EF309D" box="[294,470,947,971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bilopha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Moreover, it is unknown when
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FCB47CA936B2309C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[851,907,946,970]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">SMF</collectionCode>
|
||
obtained these specimens, which are undated (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FF797CCD35D930B8" box="[158,224,982,1006]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">GBIF</collectionCode>
|
||
2010). They are thus not included in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FD4A7CCC37E430B9" box="[685,733,983,1007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FCAE7CCD314D30B8" authority="Temminck" authorityName="Temminck" box="[841,1140,982,1006]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bilopha">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FCAE7CCD36CE30B8" box="[841,1015,982,1006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alauda bilopha</emphasis>
|
||
Temminck
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FB7D7CCD304230B8" box="[1178,1403,982,1006]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Phileremos
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FAF87CCD304230B8" authority="C. L. Brehm." authorityName="C. L. Brehm." box="[1311,1403,982,1006]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C. L. Brehm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227B06312C3606" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227B0634023763" box="[197,315,1053,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227B0634023763" bold="true" box="[197,315,1053,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
(designated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FE177B0537BA3763" author="Hartert" box="[496,643,1053,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Hartert, E. (1918) Types of birds in the Tring Museum. A. Types in the Brehm Collection. Novitates Zoologicae, 25, 4 - 63." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 23):
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FD247B0636203763" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[707,793,1053,1077]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
457703, ad. 3 (label) or ad. Ƥ (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FB607B0630653763" author="Vaurie" box="[1159,1372,1053,1077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Vaurie, C. (1951 a) A study of Asiatic larks. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97, 431 - 526." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Vaurie 1951a: 490</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), collected “vere,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FEC97B5B3452370E" box="[302,363,1088,1112]" name="Syria" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (label—see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FDE07B5A37A2370E" author="Hartert" box="[519,667,1088,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Hartert, E. (1918) Types of birds in the Tring Museum. A. Types in the Brehm Collection. Novitates Zoologicae, 25, 4 - 63." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert 1918</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 23), i.e. “in spring,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FC607B5B36FD370E" box="[903,964,1088,1112]" name="Syria" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Syria</collectingCountry>
|
||
” [= on
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FBF97B5B31F7370E" box="[1054,1230,1088,1112]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
at Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FABC7B5B35FE372A" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
]. This specimen was labeled as “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FDA97B7F37AF372A" box="[590,662,1124,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Typus</typeStatus>
|
||
” of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FD297B7F368D372A" box="[718,948,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Phileremos
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FCBF7B7F368D372A" authority="C. L. Brehm" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" box="[856,948,1124,1148]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C. L. Brehm by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FB617B7E3067372A" author="Hartert" box="[1158,1374,1124,1148]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Hartert, E. (1918) Types of birds in the Tring Museum. A. Types in the Brehm Collection. Novitates Zoologicae, 25, 4 - 63." type="journal article" year="1918">Hartert (1918: 23)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. It is doubtful whether Hartert’s (1918) statement that this specimen is a “
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FC707B9C36E637C9" box="[919,991,1159,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Typus</typeStatus>
|
||
” of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FBF77B9331BD37C9" box="[1040,1156,1159,1183]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. bi co r n is</emphasis>
|
||
is a valid designation of a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF4D7BB034283795" box="[170,273,1195,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FEA37BB034FE3795" author="ICZN" box="[324,455,1195,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FEA37BB034BF3795" box="[324,390,1195,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 74.5) or whether this simply meant that Hartert considered the specimen a
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FAA27BB730A53792" box="[1349,1436,1196,1220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FF237BD5347F37B0" author="ICZN" box="[196,326,1230,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FF237BD5343C37B0" box="[196,261,1230,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ICZN</collectionCode>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Art. 73.2.1). However, Hartert’s (1918) action was accepted as a valid designation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FAD27BD530A537B0" box="[1333,1436,1230,1254]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FF5D7BEA34E9365F" author="Vaurie" box="[186,464,1265,1289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Vaurie, C. (1951 a) A study of Asiatic larks. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97, 431 - 526." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Vaurie (1951a: 489–490)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FDE07BEA37E5365F" author="LeCroy" box="[519,732,1265,1289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="LeCroy, M. (2003) Type specimens of birds in the American Museum of Natural History. Part 5. Passeriformes: Alaudidae, Hirundinidae, Motacillidae, Campephagidae, Pycnonotidae, Irenidae, Laniidae, Vangidae, Bombycillidae, Dulidae, Cinclidae, Troglodytidae, and Mimidae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 278, 1 - 156." type="journal article" year="2003">LeCroy (2003: 29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. If Hartert’s (1918) action is rejected as invalid, then the action by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FF5C7A0E34EC367B" author="Vaurie" box="[187,469,1301,1325]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Vaurie, C. (1951 a) A study of Asiatic larks. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97, 431 - 526." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Vaurie (1951a: 489–490)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
would be sufficient to designate the same specimen as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FB9D7A0E31DD367B" box="[1146,1252,1301,1325]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. We thus accept here Hartert’s (1918) lectotypification of the specimen
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FD187A22366C3607" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[767,853,1337,1361]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
457703 as valid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227A4634E636C1" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227A4634533623" box="[197,362,1373,1397]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227A4634533623" bold="true" box="[197,362,1373,1397]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paralectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE9C7A46348E3622" box="[379,439,1373,1396]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5341, mount, unsexed, collected on an unknown date [=
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FBB27A4730323622" box="[1109,1291,1372,1396]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
] in “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FAA37A4730A83622" box="[1348,1425,1372,1396]" name="Syria" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (label) [= Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FE8A7A6434EC36C1" box="[365,469,1407,1431]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227AB834D83688" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227AB8345336ED" box="[197,362,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227AB8345336ED" bold="true" box="[197,362,1443,1467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paralectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE9B7ABF34E936ED" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" box="[380,464,1444,1467]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
88890, ad. 3, skin, collected by W.P.E.S. Rüppell in the “Akaba Desert” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FAA07AB835C33688" author="Dekker" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Dekker, R. W. R. J. (2003) Type specimens of birds in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden. Part 2. Passerines: Eurylamiidae-Eopsaltriidae (Peters's sequence). Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum Technical Bulletin, 6, 1 - 142." type="journal article" year="2003">Dekker 2003: 17</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) [= Arabia Petraea].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF227AF131123573" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227AF1344C3554" box="[197,373,1514,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227AF1344C3554" bold="true" box="[197,373,1514,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paralectotypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
(3; lost):
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE0B7AF037103554" box="[492,553,1515,1538]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5338, 5339, 5340, all collected on an unknown date [=
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FB587AF1304F3554" box="[1215,1398,1514,1538]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
] in “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FF46791635D73573" box="[161,238,1549,1573]" name="Syria" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Syrien</collectingCountry>
|
||
” [= Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FE62791634D33573" box="[389,490,1549,1573]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
] according to the Inventory Catalogue of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FC007915311E3573" box="[999,1063,1550,1573]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF22792A3604353A" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF22792A3453351F" box="[197,362,1585,1609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF22792A3453351F" bold="true" box="[197,362,1585,1609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paralectotype</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
(lost):
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE5B792934C1351F" box="[444,504,1586,1609]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5342, collected on an unknown date [=
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FC25792A314A351F" box="[962,1139,1585,1609]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
] in “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FB4E792A3032351F" box="[1193,1291,1585,1609]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Libanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
” [= Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FF70794F35C5353A" box="[151,252,1620,1644]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
] according to the Inventory Catalogue of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FD1F794E3601353A" box="[760,824,1621,1644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF22796331DF35E5" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF227963344C35C6" box="[197,373,1656,1680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paralectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF227963344C35C6" bold="true" box="[197,373,1656,1680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Paralectotypes</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
(2; lost):
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FE027963371B35D9" box="[485,546,1656,1679]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5343, 5334. Both said to be “juv.” and collected on an unknown date [=
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FA83796C343E35E5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
] at “Bischerre” [= Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FDA67980379F35E5" box="[577,678,1691,1715]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
] according to the Inventory Catalogue of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FB45798731DB35E5" box="[1186,1250,1692,1715]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFEFFD3FF2279A4373E34A4" blockId="5.[151,1436,414,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FF2279A4345B3581" bold="true" box="[197,354,1726,1751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FF2279A434393581" box="[197,256,1727,1751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FE8E79A437703581" box="[361,585,1727,1751]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Phileremos
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FE0A79A437703581" box="[493,585,1727,1751]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was described from “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FCDD79A436A53581" box="[826,924,1727,1751]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Libanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FC5179A431D23581" author="Brehm" box="[950,1259,1727,1751]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm 1842: col. 506</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The Inventory Catalogue of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FEBD79F834AE35AC" box="[346,407,1763,1786]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
gave “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FE0079F9377035AC" box="[487,585,1762,1786]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Libanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
” for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FD6379F837F935AC" box="[644,704,1763,1786]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5342, and “Bischerre” for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED075AEFFFFEFFD3FC1179F8310B35AC" box="[1014,1074,1763,1786]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
5343 and 5344.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FB1479F935853448" author="Vaurie" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Vaurie, C. (1959 b) The Birds of the Palearctic Fauna. Passeriformes. H. F. & G. Witherby, London, xii + 762 pp." type="book" year="1959" yearSuffix="b">Vaurie (1959b: 42)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated that “the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FE9E781C34903449" box="[377,425,1799,1823]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series was collected on Mount
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FCF3781D364F3448" box="[788,886,1798,1822]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Hemprich and Ehrenberg at the end of June, 1824”, which cannot be correct, because Hemprich and Ehrenberg reached Jabal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FBFA7833314A3416" box="[1053,1139,1832,1856]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lubnān</collectingCountry>
|
||
only on
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FB33783230203417" box="[1236,1305,1833,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5 July</date>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FAC4783130633414" box="[1315,1370,1834,1858]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens were collected in “M.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FE06785737783432" box="[481,577,1868,1892]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Libanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
, juxta nives” (in Jabal
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FCA0785036A63435" box="[839,927,1867,1891]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lubnān</collectingCountry>
|
||
, close to the snow) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FB6C785730653432" author="Lichtenstein" box="[1163,1372,1868,1892]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Lichtenstein, H. (1825) Verzeichniss der Gegenstande, welche die Doctoren Ehrenberg und Hemprich im Jahr 1824, in Arabien und Syrien gesammelt und in ihrer neunten (8 ten) [sic!] Sendung uberschickt haben. Unpublished manuscript deposited in the Museum fur Naturkunde an der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Historische Bild- u. Schriftgutsammlungen, Bestand: Zool. Mus., Signatur ZMB S I, Hemprich & Ehrenberg, I (pp. 175 - 176) und III (pp. 183 - 185)." type="journal article" year="1825">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FB6C785730213432" box="[1163,1304,1868,1892]" name="Liechtenstein" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lichtenstein</collectingCountry>
|
||
1825
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The location is supported by circannual changes in the presence of snow in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FC5C786B312434DE" box="[955,1053,1904,1928]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFEFFD3FBCB786B300234DE" author="Aouad-Rizk" box="[1068,1339,1904,1928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refString="Aouad-Rizk, A., Job, J. - O., Khalil, S., Touma, T., Bitar, C., Bocquillon, C. & Najem, W. (2005) Snow in Lebanon: a preliminary study of snow cover over Mount Lebanon and a simple snowmelt model. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 50, 555 - 569." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Aouad-Rizk
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FB59786A31D634DE" box="[1214,1263,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hemprich and Ehrenberg could thus have collected these specimens, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FBF37888314434FD" box="[1044,1149,1939,1963]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, only at Bcharré. Hence, here we restrict the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FE9578A3349B3486" box="[370,418,1976,2000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFEFFD3FDC578AC363F3499" box="[546,774,1975,1999]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
Phileremon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9A9FFFEFFD3FD4D78AC363F3499" authority="C. L. Brehm" authorityName="C. L. Brehm" box="[682,774,1975,1999]" class="Aves" family="Alaudidae" genus="Alauda" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicornis">bicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
C. L. Brehm to Bcharré,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F30182BAFFFEFFD3FBC778AC31BC3499" box="[1056,1157,1975,1999]" name="Lebanon" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
, where the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54AD7C88FFFEFFD3FAE478AC30503499" box="[1283,1385,1975,1999]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected during
|
||
<date id="FFA8E4EAFFFEFFD3FEB478C1373A34A4" box="[339,515,2010,2034]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="1824-07-05" valueMax="1824-07-24" valueMin="1824-07-05">5–24 July 1824</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C30C91A1FFFDFFD0FF227F8337303232" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA9C22AFFFDFFD0FF227F8337303232" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9621E38FFFDFFD0FF227F83340033E6" bold="true" box="[197,313,152,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FEA67F8C37B733F9" author="Brehm" box="[321,654,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm (1842: col. 504)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed this species name to Hemprich, but he is its author (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FABE7F8C34733382" author="ICZN" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4 th ed. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, xxix + 306 pp." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999, Art. 51.1</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FE867FA737143382" author="Giebel" box="[353,557,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Giebel, C. G. (1877) Thesaurus ornithologiae. Repertorium der gesammten ornithologischen Literatur und Nomenclator sammtlicher Gattungen und Arten der Vogel nebst Synonymen und geographischer Verbreitung. Vol. 3. F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, vi + 861 pp." type="book" year="1877">Giebel (1877: 99)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed this species to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FCBF7FA731753382" author="Brehm" box="[856,1100,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Brehm, L. [C. L.] (1855 a) Verzeichniss der europaischen Vogel nach den Species und Subspecies. Naumannia, 5: 266 - 271, 273 - 300." type="journal article" year="1855" yearSuffix="a">C. L. Brehm (1855a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, where the name would be a nomen nudum, because its lacks both description and indication.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FC737FFB314F33A1" author="Hartert" box="[916,1142,223,247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 348." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905: 263)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FB537FC430A533A1" author="Vaurie" box="[1204,1436,223,247]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Vaurie, C. (1951 a) A study of Asiatic larks. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 97, 431 - 526." type="journal article" year="1951" yearSuffix="a">Vaurie (1951a: 489)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
attributed the species name to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FE107E1F361F324A" author="Brehm" box="[503,806,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1855 b) Der vollstandige Vogelfang. Bernh. Friedr. Voigt, Weimar, xxviii + 416 pp." type="book" year="1855" yearSuffix="b">C. L. Brehm (1855b: 122)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FC857E1E31C6324A" author="Hartert" box="[866,1279,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Hartert, E. & Steinbacher, F. (1933) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Erganzungsband (Heft 2). R. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, pp. 97 - 192." type="journal article" year="1933">Hartert and Steinbacher (1933: 132)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
corrected the citation to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FEF77E3C34CB3269" author="Brehm" box="[272,498,295,319]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Brehm, C. L. (1842) Schilderung mehrerer Ausfluge nach Brinnis bei Delitzsch, 4 Stunden von Leipzig, in zoologischer, vorzuglich ornithologischer Hinsicht. Isis von Oken, 35, cols. 409 - 435, 488 - 516, 566 - 590, 647 - 681, 752 - 783." type="journal article" year="1842">C. L. Brehm (1842)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, where the name indeed seems to have been published by C. L. Brehm for the first time (see also
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDBFFFDFFD0FEDF7E5734EB3232" author="Vaurie" box="[312,466,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refString="Vaurie, C. (1959 b) The Birds of the Palearctic Fauna. Passeriformes. H. F. & G. Witherby, London, xii + 762 pp." type="book" year="1959" yearSuffix="b">Vaurie 1959b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 42).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |