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<mods:title id="D24C715E3B6335408790C0540005141D">Fungus-feeding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera in the genus Holothrips from Australia and New Caledonia, with a structurally similar new genus, Holoengythrips</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74258A9D2DE2EC045B3331FB4BCB9F0A">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="89D86C4E41C66A4B3EEF4BB70C9E4468">Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, PO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601. E-mail: laurence. mound @ csiro. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C5A1B621DF30497CBEDF455E9699F592">Tree, Desley J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5441CEF75D17CA69C410B713963608AD">Queensland Primary Industries Insect Collection (QDPC), Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Queensland, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, Qld, 4001. E-mail: Desley. Tree @ daff. qld. gov. au</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF05762EFEFAFD27" blockId="1.[151,370,620,646]" box="[151,370,620,646]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FF05762EFEFAFD27" ID-CoL="6377D" authority="Karny" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,370,620,646]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FF05762EFE91FD27" bold="true" box="[151,281,620,646]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips</emphasis>
Karny
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30C91A4FF9C8D60FF0576F1FC55FD69" box="[151,989,690,712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF0576F1FC55FD69" blockId="1.[151,989,690,712]" box="[151,989,690,712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB7E43EFF9C8D60FF0576F1FE35FD69" author="Karny, H." box="[151,445,690,712]" page="502" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FF0576F1FE35FD69" ID-CoL="6377D" authority="Karny, 1911: 502" authorityName="Karny" authorityPageNumber="502" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,445,690,712]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FF0576F1FE8DFD69" box="[151,261,691,712]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDEFF9C8D60FE9976F1FE35FD69" author="Karny, H." box="[267,445,690,712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" pagination="501 - 504" refId="ref17558" refString="Karny, H. (1911) Neue Phloeothripiden-Genera. Zoologische Anzeiger, 38, 501 - 504." type="journal article" year="1911">Karny, 1911: 502</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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species
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FDDD76F1FCC2FD69" ID-CoL="6LXFM" authority="Karny" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1911" box="[591,842,691,712]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingens">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FDDD76F1FC8DFD69" box="[591,773,691,712]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips ingens</emphasis>
Karny
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by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30C91A4FF9C8D60FF0576B7FE29FAD3" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF0576B7FC3AFC47" blockId="1.[151,1437,757,1394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
Eleven generic names are currently listed as synonyms of this genus, and as a result it includes almost 130 species (ThripsWiki 2014).
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDEFF9C8D60FE13775BFDB1FC93" author="Okajima, S." box="[385,569,793,818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref17780" refString="Okajima, S. (1987) Studies on the old world species of Holothrips (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 54, 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1987">Okajima (1987)</bibRefCitation>
provided a generic diagnosis and a taxonomic account of 72
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<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAB1775BFA14FC93" box="[1315,1436,793,818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from the Old World, including three species from
<collectingCountry id="F30182BFFF9C8D60FC8C777FFC00FCF7" box="[798,904,829,854]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Australia</collectingCountry>
. For the many New World species in this genus (
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDEFF9C8D60FF0C7723FE32FCDB" author="Mound, L. A. &amp; Marullo, R." box="[158,442,865,890]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref17639" refString="Mound, L. A. &amp; Marullo, R. (1996) The Thrips of Central and South America: An Introduction. Memoirs on Entomology, International, 6, 1 - 488." type="journal article" year="1996">Mound &amp; Marullo 1996</bibRefCitation>
) the only revisionary study is a key to 12 species from
<collectingCountry id="F30182BFFF9C8D60FBC37723FB2EFCDB" box="[1105,1190,865,890]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Mexico</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDEFF9C8D60FB2B7723FF5BFC3F" author="Johansen, R. M. &amp; Mojica, A. M." pageId="1" pageNumber="126" pagination="17 - 37" refId="ref17510" refString="Johansen, R. M. &amp; Mojica, A. M. (1994) Nuevos thrips tubuliferos (Insecta: Thysanoptera) de Mexico XV. Anales del Instituto de Biologia. Universidad Nacional de Mexico, 64 (1993), 17 - 37." type="journal article" year="1994">Johansen &amp; Mojica 1994</bibRefCitation>
). The genus is placed in a subgroup of the
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FD5477C7FCFEFC3F" authorityName="Uzel" authorityYear="1895" box="[710,886,901,926]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
known as the
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FB8D77C7FA8FFC3F" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1908" box="[1055,1287,901,926]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Docessissophothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FB8D77C7FA8FFC3F" box="[1055,1287,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Docessissophothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
genus-group (
<bibRefCitation id="EF87BFDEFF9C8D60FF0C77EBFEEAFC63" author="Dang, L. H. &amp; Mound, L. A. &amp; Qiao, G. X." box="[158,354,937,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref17446" refString="Dang, L. H., Mound, L. A. &amp; Qiao, G. X. (2014) Conspectus of the Phlaeothripinae genera from China and Southeast Asia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae). Zootaxa, 3807 (1), 1 - 82. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3807.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
Dang
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FF7777E8FE9FFC63" box="[229,279,937,962]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
), together with a few related genera. One conclusion reached here is that the apparent length of the mouth cone may not provide a reliable distinction between species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF5577B3FE29FAD3" blockId="1.[151,1437,757,1394]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
The Australian species of
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FE7F77B3FDEFFBAB" authorityName="Karny" authorityYear="1911" box="[493,615,1009,1034]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FE7F77B3FDEFFBAB" box="[493,615,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share the following character states: Antennae 8-segmented but with the suture between VIIVIII variably incomplete or even absent and thus producing a 7-segmented condition; antennal segment III with 3 sensoria, IV with 4; maxillary stylets 36 microns wide, retracted to compound eyes, close together medially for full length of head, often with a small or large loop within the prothorax; pronotum transverse, with 5 pairs of major setae, notopleural sutures complete; fore tarsus with tooth in both sexes; fore wing parallel-sided, with duplicated cilia; metanotum usually with some small discal setae on anterior third, median setal pair weak; mesothoracic sternopleural sutures present, often long; pelta without campaniform sensilla; tergites IIVI with 2 pairs of wing-retaining setae, but anterior pair on each tergite often weakly developed, both pairs often weak or absent on VII; tergite IX major setae long, setae iS short; tube shorter than head, commonly yellow in part with grey terminal band; male sternites with no pore plate on VIII, sternites IVVII commonly with paired areas of specialized reticulation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FF057187FD19FA7E" bold="true" box="[151,657,1477,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
Key to
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FF627187FE58FA7E" authority="Karny" box="[240,464,1477,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FF627187FEFAFA7E" bold="true" box="[240,370,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Holothrips</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F30182BFFF9C8D60FD8E7187FD19FA7E" box="[540,657,1477,1503]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF05724EFA13F912" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF05724EFA13F9FA" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF05724EFA13F9FA" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
1. Mesoeusternum anterior margin eroded medially with mesopresternum projecting posteriorly into this eroded area (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FAD9724EFF73F99F" captionStart="FIGURES 1724" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-61@11.[151,1436,193,1728]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1724. Holothrips from Australia. Thoracic sternites 1718: (17) australis; (18) eurytis sp.n. Pterothorax and tergites III 1922: (19) australis; (20) federicae sp.n.; (21) circulus sp.n.; (22) bunyai sp.n. (2324) notialis sp.n. pelta variation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930162/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Figs 17, 18</figureCitation>
); inter-antennal distance 1.02.0 times as wide as antennal segment I (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FC3E726BFB8CF99F" box="[940,1028,1577,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,194,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-61@9.[151,1436,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19. Holothrips from Australia. Heads: (1) australis; (2) bunyai sp.n.; (3) eurytis sp.n.; (4) federicae sp.n.; (5) circulus sp.n.; (6) frerei sp.n. (7) lamingtoni sp.n.; (8) notialis sp.n.; (9) lafoae sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930158/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Figs 1, 3</figureCitation>
); antennal segments VIIVIII with suture complete dorsally and ventrally.......................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF057226FA13F912" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF057226FA13F912" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
-. Mesoeusternum anterior margin complete and transverse (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FC877226FC0FF9D8" box="[789,903,1636,1657]" captionStart="FIGURES 2533" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-72@12.[167,1467,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 2533. Holothrips from Australia. Antenna 2528: (25) bunyai sp.n.; (26) frerei sp.n.; (27) lafoae sp.n.; (28) lamingtoni sp.n. Mouth cone and thoracic sternites 2930: (29) oceanicus; (30) speciosissimus. Male sternite VII 3133: (31) australis; (32) lafoae sp.n.; (33) speciosissimus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930164/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Figs 29, 30</figureCitation>
); inter-antennal distance less than 0.8 times as wide as segment I; antennal segments VIIVIII with suture varying, either absent or complete ventrally but usually not complete dorsally................................................................................................ 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF0572FEFA13F94F" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
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<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF0572FEFA14F970" box="[151,1436,1723,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
2. Inter-antennal distance at least 1.5 times width of segment I (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FCB872FEFCEAF970" box="[810,866,1724,1745]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,194,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-61@9.[151,1436,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19. Holothrips from Australia. Heads: (1) australis; (2) bunyai sp.n.; (3) eurytis sp.n.; (4) federicae sp.n.; (5) circulus sp.n.; (6) frerei sp.n. (7) lamingtoni sp.n.; (8) notialis sp.n.; (9) lafoae sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930158/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FAB672FEFAEDF970" ID-CoL="6LXG8" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1316,1381,1724,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eurytis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAB672FEFAEDF970" box="[1316,1381,1724,1745]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">eurytis</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAFE72F9FA14F970" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,1723,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
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</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF05729BFA13F94F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1435,1753,1774]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF05729BFA13F94F" box="[151,1435,1753,1774]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
-. Inter-antennal distance 1.0 times width of segment I (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FD72729BFC90F94F" box="[736,792,1753,1774]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,194,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-61@9.[151,1436,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19. Holothrips from Australia. Heads: (1) australis; (2) bunyai sp.n.; (3) eurytis sp.n.; (4) federicae sp.n.; (5) circulus sp.n.; (6) frerei sp.n. (7) lamingtoni sp.n.; (8) notialis sp.n.; (9) lafoae sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930158/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
)..............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FAD5729BFA13F94F" ID-CoL="9YB4" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1974" box="[1351,1435,1753,1774]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Adelothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAD5729BFA13F94F" box="[1351,1435,1753,1774]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF0572B4FA13F8E7" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF0572B4FA14F888" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF0572B4FA14F888" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
3. Body bicoloured, pterothorax brown laterally but paler medially, tergites IIVII brown with posterior margin yellow, tergites VIIIIX yellow; antennal segments III largely yellow............................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FB6A7356FAEDF888" ID-CoL="6LXFJ" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1272,1381,1812,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamingtoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FB6A7356FAEDF888" box="[1272,1381,1812,1833]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">lamingtoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAFE7351FA14F888" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,1811,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A346FF9C8D60FAFE7351FA14F888" box="[1388,1436,1811,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF057373FA13F8E7" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1435,1841,1862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF057373FA13F8E7" box="[151,1435,1841,1862]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">-. Thorax and abdomen uniformly brown, antennal segment I usually brown......................................... 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF05730CFA14F820" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF05730CFA13F8C2" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1435,1870,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF05730CFA13F8C2" box="[151,1435,1870,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">4. Mid and hind tibiae yellow in sharp contrast to brown femora.................................................. 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF05732EFA14F820" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1436,1900,1921]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF05732EFA14F820" box="[151,1436,1900,1921]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">-. Mid and hind tibiae brown to light brown, or yellow with brown shadings, but never sharply paler than femora........... 9</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF0573CBFA13F81A" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF0573CBFA14F83F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1436,1928,1950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF0573CBFA14F83F" box="[151,1436,1928,1950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
5. Apterous; metanotal sculpture of concentric reticulation (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9C8D60FC9773CBFCC3F83F" box="[773,843,1929,1950]" captionStart="FIGURES 1724" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-61@11.[151,1436,193,1728]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1724. Holothrips from Australia. Thoracic sternites 1718: (17) australis; (18) eurytis sp.n. Pterothorax and tergites III 1922: (19) australis; (20) federicae sp.n.; (21) circulus sp.n.; (22) bunyai sp.n. (2324) notialis sp.n. pelta variation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930162/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FA8B73CBFAEDF83F" ID-CoL="6LXFT" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1305,1381,1929,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circulus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FA8B73CBFAEDF83F" box="[1305,1381,1929,1950]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">circulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAFE73CAFA14F83F" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,1928,1950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A346FF9C8D60FAFE73CAFA14F83F" box="[1388,1436,1928,1950]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF0573E4FA13F81A" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1435,1958,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF0573E4FA13F81A" box="[151,1435,1958,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">-. Macropterous or micropterous; metanotal sculpture different or absent........................................... 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D60FF057386FA14F878" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" box="[151,1436,1987,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D60FF057386FA14F878" box="[151,1436,1987,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9C8D60FF057386FA14F878" box="[151,1436,1987,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
6. Antennal segment III no more than 1.8 as long as wide; postocellar setae long and capitate...................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9C8D60FAA07386FAEEF878" ID-CoL="6LXFR" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1330,1382,1988,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="frerei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAA07386FAEEF878" box="[1330,1382,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">frerei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9C8D60FAFE7381FA14F878" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,1987,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A346FF9C8D60FAFE7381FA14F878" box="[1388,1436,1987,2009]" pageId="1" pageNumber="126" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9C8D63FF0573A3FA14FF6B" blockId="1.[151,1436,1548,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9C8D63FF0573A3FA14FF6B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="127" pageId="1" pageNumber="126">
-. Antennal segment III 1.92.1 times as long as wide; postocellar setae acute, usually shorter than length of one hind ocellus.. 7
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9F8D63FF0574D5FA14FF6B" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
7. Pelta broad, basal width more than 1.7 times median length (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FCB574D5FCE7FF0D" box="[807,879,151,172]" captionStart="FIGURES 1724" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-61@11.[151,1436,193,1728]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1724. Holothrips from Australia. Thoracic sternites 1718: (17) australis; (18) eurytis sp.n. Pterothorax and tergites III 1922: (19) australis; (20) federicae sp.n.; (21) circulus sp.n.; (22) bunyai sp.n. (2324) notialis sp.n. pelta variation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930162/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
); tube brown subterminally before terminal grey band..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9F8D63FAB674F7FAEDFF6B" ID-CoL="6LXG9" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1316,1381,181,202]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bunyai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FAB674F7FAEDFF6B" box="[1316,1381,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">bunyai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FAFE74F6FA14FF6B" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,180,202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A346FF9F8D63FAFE74F6FA14FF6B" box="[1388,1436,180,202]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyStep>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF057490FA1DFEA5" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF057490FA1DFEA5" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
-. Pelta elongate, basal width less than 1.3 times median length (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FCD57490FC32FF46" box="[839,954,210,231]" captionStart="FIGURES 1016" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[151,1436,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 1016. Holothrips from Australia. Pterothorax and tergites III 1012: (10) frerei sp.n.; (11) speciosissimus; (12) oceanicus. (13) lafoae sp.n., tergites III. Tergite IX and tube 1416: (14) circulus sp.n.; (15) federicae sp.n.; (16) notialis sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930160/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Figs 11, 12</figureCitation>
); tube yellow subterminally before terminal grey band............................................................................................... 8
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9F8D63FF05754FFA13FEFD" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF05754FFA13FE9E" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF05754FFA13FE9E" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
8. Mouth cone long, projecting beyond rounded labium (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FD7A754FFCB8FE83" box="[744,816,269,290]" captionStart="FIGURES 2533" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-72@12.[167,1467,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 2533. Holothrips from Australia. Antenna 2528: (25) bunyai sp.n.; (26) frerei sp.n.; (27) lafoae sp.n.; (28) lamingtoni sp.n. Mouth cone and thoracic sternites 2930: (29) oceanicus; (30) speciosissimus. Male sternite VII 3133: (31) australis; (32) lafoae sp.n.; (33) speciosissimus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930164/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
), extending across prosternum between fernal sclerites.................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9F8D63FA9C7568FA13FE9E" authorityName="Mound &amp; Palmer" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Karny" box="[1294,1435,298,319]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speciosissimus">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FA9C7568FA13FE9E" box="[1294,1435,298,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">speciosissimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF057505FA13FEFD" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" box="[151,1435,327,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF057505FA13FEFD" box="[151,1435,327,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
-. Mouth cone shorter, not projecting beyond rounded labium (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FCB67505FCE2FEFD" box="[804,874,327,348]" captionStart="FIGURES 2533" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1884,1907]" captionTargetBox="[167,1435,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-72@12.[167,1467,193,1865]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 2533. Holothrips from Australia. Antenna 2528: (25) bunyai sp.n.; (26) frerei sp.n.; (27) lafoae sp.n.; (28) lamingtoni sp.n. Mouth cone and thoracic sternites 2930: (29) oceanicus; (30) speciosissimus. Male sternite VII 3133: (31) australis; (32) lafoae sp.n.; (33) speciosissimus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930164" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930164/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
)......................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9F8D63FAA97505FA13FEFD" ID-CoL="6M9GZ" authorityName="Okajima" authorityYear="1987" box="[1339,1435,327,348]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oceanicus">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FAA97505FA13FEFD" box="[1339,1435,327,348]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">oceanicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9F8D63FF057527FA13FE15" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF057527FA14FEDB" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" box="[151,1436,356,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF057527FA14FEDB" box="[151,1436,356,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
9. Postocular setae capitate (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FE487527FD9CFEDB" box="[474,532,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1886,1909]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,194,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-61@9.[151,1436,193,1840]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 19. Holothrips from Australia. Heads: (1) australis; (2) bunyai sp.n.; (3) eurytis sp.n.; (4) federicae sp.n.; (5) circulus sp.n.; (6) frerei sp.n. (7) lamingtoni sp.n.; (8) notialis sp.n.; (9) lafoae sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930158" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930158/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
); tube with sides straight and evenly tapering to apex (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FBB27527FBEDFEDB" box="[1056,1125,357,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 1016" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[151,1436,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 1016. Holothrips from Australia. Pterothorax and tergites III 1012: (10) frerei sp.n.; (11) speciosissimus; (12) oceanicus. (13) lafoae sp.n., tergites III. Tergite IX and tube 1416: (14) circulus sp.n.; (15) federicae sp.n.; (16) notialis sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930160/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
).............
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9F8D63FA9E7527FAEDFEDB" ID-CoL="6M9G8" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1292,1381,357,378]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="federicae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FA9E7527FAEDFEDB" box="[1292,1381,357,378]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">federicae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B9621E3DFF9F8D63FAFE7526FA14FEDB" bold="true" box="[1388,1436,356,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A346FF9F8D63FAFE7526FA14FEDB" box="[1388,1436,356,378]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF0575C0FA13FE15" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF0575C0FA13FE15" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
-. Postocular setae long and pointed; tube slightly constricted beyond widened base, and more sharply constricted at apex (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FAE775C0FF72FE15" captionStart="FIGURES 1016" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-66@10.[151,1436,193,1878]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 1016. Holothrips from Australia. Pterothorax and tergites III 1012: (10) frerei sp.n.; (11) speciosissimus; (12) oceanicus. (13) lafoae sp.n., tergites III. Tergite IX and tube 1416: (14) circulus sp.n.; (15) federicae sp.n.; (16) notialis sp.n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930160" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930160/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
)................................................................................................ 10
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30E2DA8AFF9F8D63FF0575FFFA14FD8B" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<paragraph id="8BA9C22FFF9F8D63FF0575FFFA14FE51" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
<keyLead id="30E7611AFF9F8D63FF0575FFFA14FE51" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">
10. Antennal segment III brown, yellow only at extreme base, IVVI uniformly brown; tube golden brown; fore wings distinctly shaded....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C16B9ACFF9F8D63FA8F7598FAEDFE4E" ID-CoL="6M9GY" authority="Mound &amp; Tree, 2014" authorityName="Mound &amp; Tree" authorityYear="2014" box="[1309,1381,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="127" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="notialis" status="sp. nov.">
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-. Antennal segment III yellow at least in basal half, IVVI yellow at base (
<figureCitation id="132DDEAAFF9F8D63FC3F75B5FC7DFDAD" box="[941,1013,503,524]" captionStart="FIGURES 1724" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1769,1792]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-61@11.[151,1436,193,1728]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 1724. Holothrips from Australia. Thoracic sternites 1718: (17) australis; (18) eurytis sp.n. Pterothorax and tergites III 1922: (19) australis; (20) federicae sp.n.; (21) circulus sp.n.; (22) bunyai sp.n. (2324) notialis sp.n. pelta variation." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4930162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4930162/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); tube dark brown; fore wings very weakly shaded [
<collectingCountry id="F30182BFFF9F8D63FEBD7657FE40FD8B" box="[303,456,533,554]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="2" pageNumber="127">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
].......................................................................
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