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<document id="87D573277E2F95EFDFC26E1B8ECACEA0" ID-CLB-Dataset="8839" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434000" ID-ZooBank="09383AAD-8E30-4E50-A533-C6DA4D00E33C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1610443640918" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lobato-Vila, Irene &amp; Pujade-Villar, Juli" docDate="2021" docId="03BF702A9513FFDBFDE5FDE473A0FF86" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4906.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4906 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="FF8608529505FFC2FD72FF84736DFE73" masterDocTitle="The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1701082448047" updateUser="tatiana">
<mods:mods id="290FAD8B7C667425F814FB616D5C19EA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="92E1C1E6CDD26E8EF41E5156A58B0DE2">
<mods:title id="95A4BEE9108418C061B9D0D09A7E49CA">The genus Synergus Hartig (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Synergini) in the New World: a complete taxonomic revision with a key to species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="64FAC2E5A2D54804704929F79B9D11D8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6E5B4771CAFEA4C76BB6DF82B22D75F7">
<mods:roleTerm id="1E6C3056C909EE958CDD4C9461DD4A39">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7C94954B34CEDE31CC16D365D821BC32">Lobato-Vila, Irene</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4087E53FC00FAAA8A29CB618E078BDAD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="09A9514DB2E93781AFE01E79D6075282">
<mods:roleTerm id="AC8D64963F1DDB5208270477B5270C7B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1EF64D9214FC7F648A01F69C61C9A589">Pujade-Villar, Juli</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6713A49B7AEA923AF86542D531CDB5C5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7798-2717</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="16E36AC886C9E817BF88A14ACCBBF7EE" type="email">jpujade@ub.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="D2E9BA4937B99221A9B22289D002BF97">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="37C01F9BA0E4C659D7C646FF2A82E176">
<mods:date id="DCB6A84D10113E3FBE9D6351CD40D616">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="45481DC14827D89C36730B374651A19A" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="BDC2683B4FC8A66464C2D442401D44CB">2021-01-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="EEF16BAD75FA4E0A692BBFA463FC4769">4906</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C3FFEA051866EDB096EFF5393B5507AA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="0811533CA041E02C9C386BA31A255C88" type="CLB-Dataset">8839</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E922EA8EC90C15C2B1EC769BC14AC59E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4906.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1BF37F2ACF67F4B9A4E357A4EC562221" type="GBIF-Dataset">308129a3-a99f-4012-bb41-d3220692c398</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="70FB646F667CF252DB96492ACB59C47B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BF702A9513FFDBFDE5FDE473A0FF86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4433914" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177005165" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4433914" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF702A9513FFDBFDE5FDE473A0FF86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF702A9513FFDBFDE5FDE473A0FF86" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79513FFD4FDE5FDE470FCFC08" box="[151,913,608,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDE5FDE470FCFC08" blockId="22.[151,983,608,706]" box="[151,913,608,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="D0E176509513FFD4FDE5FDE470FCFC08" bold="true" box="[151,913,608,635]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="4">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDE5FDE470FCFC08" bold="true" box="[151,913,608,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4FDE5FDE4704BFC09" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,806,608,635]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDE5FDE472D4FC08" bold="true" box="[151,441,608,635]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559513FFD4FE41FDE570FCFC08" box="[819,913,609,635]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79513FFD4FDE5FD0070BAFCB1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDE5FD007208FCEC" blockId="22.[151,983,608,706]" box="[151,357,644,671]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99513FFD4FDEDFD007245FCEC" box="[159,296,644,671]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionStartId-1="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetBox-1="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId-1="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="22" captionTargetPageId-1="24" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Figures 5–6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99513FFD4FC46FD017230FCEC" box="[308,349,645,671]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="101.[151,250,1784,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-23@101.[151,1436,181,1760]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURE 42. a) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P141); b) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P230); c) Melikaiella bicolor (Ref.: MEX: 044, 049, P026, P071); d) Sphaeroteras sp. (Ref.: MEX: P024); e) Undetermined genus (Ref.: MEX: P184); f) Neuroterus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P386, P388); g) Disholcaspis sp. (Ref: MEX: P398); h) Femuros nr repandae (Ref.: P187, P227, 2797); i) Femuros repandae (Ref.: MEX: P313, 255, 256); j) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P314); k) Disholcaspis sp. (Ref.: MEX: P140); l) Undetermined genus (Ref.: MEX: P259); m) Neuroterus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P381); n) Loxaulus hyalinus (Ref.: MEX: 333); o) Undetermined genus (Ref.: Clark-49); p) Atrusca sp. (Ref.: P317, P318); q) Atrusca sp. (Ref.: MEX: P183); r) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P394); s) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P038)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434112/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">42a</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDE5FD2C70BAFCB1" blockId="22.[151,983,608,706]" box="[151,983,680,706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<uri id="FF87CD3E9513FFD4FDE5FD2C70BAFCB1" box="[151,983,680,706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFB0FBE99513FFD4FCD9FD2C70BAFCB1" box="[427,983,680,706]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">4D3D86BE-201C-4D63-A36D-01DF97AC8B02</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF6991B49513FFD4FDE5F9A07724F812" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" startId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" targetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDE5F9A07724F812" blockId="22.[151,1436,1572,1633]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDE5F9A07279F84E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1572,1597]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4FC6FF9A17051F84E" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[285,828,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FC6FF9A17160F84E" box="[285,525,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559513FFD4FE35F9A170FAF84F" box="[839,919,1573,1596]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79513FFD4FDE5F90B7213F94A" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDE5F90B7213F94A" blockId="22.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDE5F90B7252F8DA" bold="true" box="[151,319,1679,1705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Type material</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9513FFD4FC3DF90B728EF8DA" box="[335,483,1679,1705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59513FFD4FC99F90B716DF8DA" box="[491,512,1679,1705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99513FFD4FFE9F90B71BEF8DA" box="[667,723,1679,1705]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">JP-V</collectionCode>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99513FFD4FE6FF90B702BF8DA" box="[797,838,1679,1705]" country="France" name="Laboratoire de Biostratigraphie" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">UB</collectionCode>
) with the following labels: ‘
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC9513FFD4F9F5F90B77A3F8DA" box="[1159,1230,1679,1705]" name="Mexico" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MEX</collectingCountry>
: P141, Sierra Fría (
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE9513FFD4FDEDF9377220F8BE" box="[159,333,1715,1741]" country="Mexico" name="Aguascalientes" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Aguascalientes</collectingRegion>
,
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99513FFD4FC24F93772FFF8BE" box="[342,402,1715,1741]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">AGS</collectionCode>
),
<geoCoordinate id="EE22A7FB9513FFD4FCD6F9377125F8BD" box="[420,584,1715,1742]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="51.1" value="22.197527">22°11’51.1’’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE22A7FB9513FFD4FF21F937707CF8BE" box="[595,785,1715,1742]" degrees="102" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="1" seconds="29.5" value="-102.59153">102°35’29.5’’W’</geoCoordinate>
(white label) / ‘Ex.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4FE9CF937773EF8BE" box="[1006,1107,1715,1741]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FE9CF937773EF8BE" box="[1006,1107,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99513FFD4F9F4F93777BAF8BE" box="[1158,1239,1715,1741]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.464" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="2464.0">2464m</quantity>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4F993F937760FF8BE" box="[1249,1378,1715,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potosina">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4F993F937760FF8BE" box="[1249,1378,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Q. potosina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (
<date id="FFA8E7FC9513FFD4F80BF937738BF881" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2011-02-14">14. ii.2011</date>
)
<date id="FFA8E7FC9513FFD4FD87F9537205F882" box="[245,360,1751,1777]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2011-02-17">17.ii.2011</date>
, E. Estrada &amp; A. Equihua leg.’ (white label) / ‘
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9513FFD4FE06F953708CF882" box="[884,993,1751,1777]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59513FFD4FE9BF9537093F882" box="[1001,1022,1751,1777]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4F977F9537227F966" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4F977F9537663F882" box="[1029,1294,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
, IL-V desig-2020’ (red label).
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9513FFD4FFEFF97F7055F966" box="[669,824,1787,1813]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
(1ϐ &amp;
<specimenCount id="9D100AB59513FFD4FEFFF97F70C3F966" box="[909,942,1787,1813]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
) deposited in
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99513FFD4F93FF97F77E8F966" box="[1101,1157,1787,1813]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">JP-V</collectionCode>
coll. (
<collectionCode id="ED0759F99513FFD4F9B8F97F779EF966" box="[1226,1267,1787,1813]" country="France" name="Laboratoire de Biostratigraphie" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">UB</collectionCode>
) with the same data as the
<typeStatus id="54AD7F9E9513FFD4FC66F89B7217F94A" box="[276,378,1823,1849]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79513FFD4FDB5F8C77609F9F2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD4FDB5F8C77609F9F2" blockId="22.[151,1437,1679,2030]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDB5F8C77225F92E" bold="true" box="[199,328,1859,1885]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named in honor of William Beutenmüller (1864–1934), American entomologist specializing in
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4FDE5F8E3724CF9F2" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,289,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
, but also an active collector and taxonomist of all orders, including
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4F96BF8E377DCF9F2" box="[1049,1201,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hymenoptera</taxonomicName>
and gall wasps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79513FFD5FDB5F80F774FFF82" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9513FFD5FDB5F80F774FFF82" blockId="22.[151,1437,1679,2030]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FDB5F80F7257F9D6" bold="true" box="[199,314,1931,1957]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9513FFD4FC38F80F7139F9D6" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[330,596,1931,1957]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9513FFD4FC38F80F7139F9D6" box="[330,596,1931,1957]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559513FFD4FF10F80F71D7F9D6" box="[610,698,1931,1957]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
belongs to a group of species characterized by having the mesopleuron entirely sculptured, covered with non-parallel, transverse striae, somewhat reticulated anteriorly; hyaline wings and radial cell of fore wing at most 2.5 times as long as wide; gena not broadened behind eye; POL longer than OOL; F1 as long as F2 and female antenna with 14 segments; lateral pronotum wrinkled or carinated, at least ventrally; mesoscutum with transversal carinae, interspaces sculptured; notauli complete, reaching the posterior margin of pronotum; tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe; first metasomal segment completely sulcate dorsally and laterally; syntergum with a posterior wide band of micropunctures, weakly dorsodistally incised in females; and body of females at least with some dark surfaces, never completely yellowish.
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9512FFD5F961FEA17671FF4D" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[1043,1308,292,319]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5F961FEA17671FF4D" box="[1043,1308,292,319]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559512FFD5F859FEA176EFFF4C" box="[1323,1410,293,319]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is morphologically close to
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9512FFD5FCCBFECC717BFF11" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[441,534,328,354]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linnei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FCCBFECC717BFF11" box="[441,534,328,354]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. linnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559512FFD5FF57FECD7110FF10" box="[549,637,329,355]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see below), from which differs by having the lower face with widely spaced striae (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FC47FEEF72E9FFF5" box="[309,388,363,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
) (dense in
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9512FFD5FC8DFEE87136FFF6" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[511,603,363,390]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linnei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FC8DFEE87136FFF6" box="[511,603,363,390]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. linnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559512FFD5FF1AFEE871ACFFF5" box="[616,705,364,390]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FFB9FEEF7047FFF5" box="[715,810,363,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@59.[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 22. Synergus linnei Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434058/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 22a</figureCitation>
); lateral frontal carinae thick and branched distally (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F81DFEEF73DFFFD9" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
) (narrow and branched in their entire length in
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9512FFD5FFCDFE0B7077FFDA" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[703,794,399,425]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linnei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FFCDFE0B7077FFDA" box="[703,794,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. linnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559512FFD5FE55FE0B70EDFFDA" box="[807,896,399,425]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FEF8FE0B7084FFDA" box="[906,1001,399,425]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@59.[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 22. Synergus linnei Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434058/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 22a</figureCitation>
); and flagellomeres, especially the first ones, slender and long, F1 about 9 times as long as wide (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FE65FE36700BFFBE" box="[791,870,434,461]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
) (not as slender and long, F1 about 5 times as long as wide in
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF9512FFD5FC62FE527201FF83" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, 2021" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[272,364,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="linnei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FC62FE527201FF83" box="[272,364,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">S. linnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A0559512FFD5FC0BFE5272BFFF83" box="[377,466,470,496]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FCACFE527150FF83" box="[478,573,470,496]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="59.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-23@59.[165,1422,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="FIGURE 22. Synergus linnei Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434058" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434058/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 22c</figureCitation>
), among others (see the identification key).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B79512FFDBFDB5FE7D7675FFFA" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FE7D723CFC60" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" box="[199,337,505,531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FE7D723CFC60" bold="true" box="[199,337,505,531]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FD98704FFC44" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" box="[199,802,540,567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FD9872CEFC44" bold="true" box="[199,419,540,567]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">FEMALE. Length</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99512FFD5FF33FD9971A5FC44" box="[577,712,541,567]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="3.2">3.2–3.3 mm</quantity>
(n = 2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FDC4763AFD78" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FDC47266FC29" bold="true" box="[199,267,576,602]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Color</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FC6EFDC472C4FC28" box="[284,425,576,603]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5a, b, e</figureCitation>
). Body mainly yellow, with some dark surfaces. Frons and vertex medially, and occiput, black; lower face and gena, yellow. Antenna dark yellow to testaceous. Pronotum mainly yellow, anterodorsally black; mesoscutum mainly yellowish orange, tinged with some infuscate surfaces anteriorly and laterally; mesoscutellum yellowish orange; scutellar foveae black; mesopleural triangle black; mesopleuron yellowish orange dorsally and medially, black ventrally; propodeum black; tegulae pale yellow. Metasoma dorsally, anterolaterally and ventrally, dark chestnut to black, yellow laterally. Legs pale yellow, metatarsi dark. Wings hyaline, veins brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FC917748FA38" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FC91726AFD5C" bold="true" box="[199,263,789,815]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head</emphasis>
. In frontal view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FCBDFC917148FD43" box="[463,549,789,816]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 5e</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FF41FC917123FD43" box="[563,590,789,816]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6a</figureCitation>
) subquadrate, about 1.2 times as wide as high, gena not broadened behind eye. Face faintly pubescent, lower face with widely spaced striae radiating from clypeus, reaching eyes and toruli; medial striae also present. Clypeus indistinct, ventral margin almost straight, not projected over mandibles. Malar space about 0.5 times as long as height of eye. Anterior tentorial pits visible; pleurostomal and epistomal sulcus absent. Transfacial line about as long as height of eye. Toruli situated mid-height of eyes; distance between torulus and eye shorter than diameter of toruli; distance between toruli shorter than diameter of toruli. Frons coriaceous, with some wrinkles, without punctures; frontal carinae thick, branched distally and reaching lateral ocelli. Head in dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FC54FB89721BFA5B" box="[294,374,1037,1064]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
) is 2.1 times as wide as long. Vertex coriaceous, with some wrinkles and a few scarce punctures. POL: OOL: LOL = 8: 5: 3.5 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 4. Occiput coriaceous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FBD071AFFAAA" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FBD07243FA1D" bold="true" box="[199,302,1108,1134]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Antenna</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FC4FFBD072E3FA1C" box="[317,398,1108,1135]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6c</figureCitation>
). 14-segmented (6: 3.5: 13: 13: 13: 13: 13: 11: 9.5: 6.5: 5.5: 5: 4.5: 8); long, filiform and thin; pubescence dense and short; placodeal sensilla visible on flagellar segments F3–F12. Pedicel about 1.2 times as long as wide; F1 as long as F2 (F1 sometimes slightly longer), F2 as long as F3. Last flagellar segment 4.0 times as long as wide and almost 2.0 times as long as F11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5FB667732F8D5" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5FB667228FA8F" bold="true" box="[199,325,1250,1276]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Mesosoma</emphasis>
. About 1.1 times as long as high in lateral view including nucha, with short and not dense pubescence (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FD9BFA817252FB53" box="[233,319,1285,1312]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99512FFD5FC52FA817252FB53" box="[288,319,1285,1312]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
). Ratio of length of pronotum medially/laterally: 0.33. Pronotal plate only defined anteriorly, not reaching the pronotal margin. Lateral pronotum strongly coriaceous to imbricate, with weak carinae ventrally; lateral carina absent, pronotum rounded seen from above. Mesoscutum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FEDBFAC8776DFB14" box="[937,1024,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 5b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F97FFAC8774EFB14" box="[1037,1059,1356,1383]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6i</figureCitation>
) about 1.2 times as wide as long, weakly and densely discontinuously carinated, interspaces alutaceous; anterior parallel lines shallow but visible, extended somewhat more than 1/3 of the mesoscutal length; notauli complete and visible in their whole length, interrupted by carinae anteriorly, wider and slightly convergent posteriorly; median mesoscutal line absent; parapsidal lines weakly impressed, surpassing tegulae. Mesoscutellum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FE34FA5E70F3FB86" box="[838,926,1498,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 5b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FED9FA5E70ACFB86" box="[939,961,1498,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6i</figureCitation>
) rounded, about as long as wide, strongly wrinkled; circumscutellar carina weak but visible, obscured by wrinkles; scutellar foveae subtriangular to ovate, well impressed and defined, weakly sculptured bottom and separated by a narrow carina. Mesopleuron (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F832F9A576F9F84F" box="[1344,1428,1569,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
Fig.
<quantity id="4CEE6CD99512FFD5F805F9A576F9F84F" box="[1399,1428,1569,1596]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="g" value="6.0">6g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) densely and irregularly striated, reticulated anteriorly; slightly pubescent basally. Metapleural sulcus reaches about 3/4 parts of mesopleural height. Propodeum (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FFE1F9EC7188F8F0" box="[659,741,1640,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6d</figureCitation>
) weakly sculptured and densely pubescent; propodeal carinae thick, straight and convergent posteriorly. Nucha weakly sulcate dorsally and laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5F92B707AF8B9" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" box="[199,791,1711,1738]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5F92B7392F8BA" bold="true" box="[199,255,1711,1737]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Legs</emphasis>
. Tarsal claws with a strong basal lobe (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FFCAF92B7067F8B9" box="[696,778,1711,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6e</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5F956772EF940" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5F956727EF89F" bold="true" box="[199,275,1746,1772]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Wings</emphasis>
. Fore wing pubescent with short marginal setae, about as long as body length (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F9C6F9577664F89E" box="[1204,1289,1746,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 5a</figureCitation>
). Radial cell closed, about 2.5 times as long as wide; areolet small, only posterior vein well pigmented (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F9D3F972779CF962" box="[1185,1265,1782,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6f</figureCitation>
). Rs+M inconspicuous, not reaching the basal vein. Basal cell with moderately dense pubescence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C9512FFD5FDB5F8B97786F995" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E9512FFD5FDB5F8B9722EF924" bold="true" box="[199,323,1853,1879]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Metasoma</emphasis>
. About as long as head plus mesosoma, 1.2 times as long as high in lateral view (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F9A6F8B97644F92B" box="[1236,1321,1853,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 5a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F847F8B97638F92B" box="[1333,1365,1853,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">6h</figureCitation>
). First metasomal segment sulcate dorsally and laterally. Syntergum smooth, with an anterolateral pubescence composed of a few setae and posteriorly with a complete wide band of micropunctures extended somewhat more than 1/2 of its length (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FD9EF8237250F9B2" box="[236,317,1959,1985]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6h</figureCitation>
, dot line); dorsodistally incised (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5FFD5F823719EF9B1" box="[679,755,1959,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6j</figureCitation>
), not pointed; following segments not visible, micropunctate. Hypopygial spine about as long as wide and with a few lateral setae; without apical setae (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB99512FFD5F9F9F84F77B2F995" box="[1163,1247,1995,2022]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-28@24.[169,1418,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURE 6. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. (female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 6h</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6991B4951DFFDAFDE5F813703AF98B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434016" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4434016" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434016/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[169,1418,181,1919]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C951DFFDAFDE5F813703AF98B" blockId="24.[151,1437,1943,2040]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951DFFDAFDE5F8137279F9DC" bold="true" box="[151,276,1943,1967]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF951DFFDAFC69F81C705AF9C3" authority="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2021" box="[283,823,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beutenmulleri" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951DFFDAFC69F81C7166F9C3" box="[283,523,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Synergus beutenmulleri</emphasis>
Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A251A055951DFFDAFE33F81C70FDF9DC" box="[833,912,1944,1967]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(female): a) head in frontal view; b) head in dorsal view; c) antenna; d) propodeum; e) tarsal claw; f) radial cell of the fore wing; g) mesosoma in lateral view; h) metasoma in lateral view; i) mesosoma in dorsal view; j) metasoma in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C951CFFDBFDB5FF127675FFFA" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951CFFDBFDB5FF127276FEC3" bold="true" box="[199,283,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">MALE</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9951CFFDBFC59FF1372FAFEC1" box="[299,407,150,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5c, d</figureCitation>
). Similar to female, except for the following: body length
<quantity id="4CEE6CD9951CFFDBF959FF1377ECFEC2" box="[1067,1153,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
(n = 1). Antenna 15-segmented (6: 3: 10.5: 11.5: 10: 9.5: 8: 7: 6: 5: 4.5: 4: 4: 4: 5.5) (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9951CFFDBFE2EFF3F70C2FEA6" box="[860,943,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
); F1 about as long as F2 or slightly shorter than F2; F1 straight, almost not incised medially, very slightly modified (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9951CFFDBFEABFF5B7743FE8A" box="[985,1070,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5d</figureCitation>
). POL: OOL: LOL = 7: 3.5: 3.5 and diameter of lateral ocelli, 2. Mesopleuron more strongly sculptured, the reticulated sculpture more conspicuous. Mesoscutum and mesoscutellum more densely and strongly sculptured. Notauli weakly impressed anteriorly and obscured by the sculpture. Propodeal carinae not well defined. Metasoma shorter than head plus mesosoma and about as long as wide. Mesosoma completely black, metasoma chestnut, metatibiae infuscate (
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9951CFFDBF9CBFEEB7667FFFA" box="[1209,1290,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1572,1596]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-152@22.[201,1386,730,1548]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 5. Synergus beutenmulleri Lobato-Vila &amp; Pujade-Villar, sp. nov. Female: a) lateral habitus; b) mesosoma in dorsal view; e) head in frontal view. Male: c) lateral habitus; d) detail of the first antennal segments." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434014/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 5c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7951CFFDBFDB5FE167116FFDE" box="[199,635,402,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C951CFFDBFDB5FE167116FFDE" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,501]" box="[199,635,402,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951CFFDBFDB5FE167234FFDF" bold="true" box="[199,345,402,428]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F30181AC951CFFDBFC15FE1772ACFFDE" box="[359,449,403,429]" name="Mexico" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Mexico</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49D20FDE951CFFDBFCB8FE17711AFFDE" box="[458,631,403,429]" country="Mexico" name="Aguascalientes" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Aguascalientes</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30C92B7951CFFDBFDB5FE3273A0FF86" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BA9C13C951CFFDBFDB5FE3273A0FF86" blockId="25.[151,1437,150,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951CFFDBFDB5FE32724CFFA3" bold="true" box="[199,289,438,464]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Biology</emphasis>
. Reared from tuberous galls induced by an undetermined species of
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF951CFFDBF941FE3377F5FFA2" box="[1075,1176,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951CFFDBF941FE3377F5FFA2" box="[1075,1176,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Andricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="132DDDB9951CFFDBF9DBFE337665FFA2" box="[1193,1288,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 42" captionStartId="101.[151,250,1784,1808]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-23@101.[151,1436,181,1760]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURE 42. a) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P141); b) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P230); c) Melikaiella bicolor (Ref.: MEX: 044, 049, P026, P071); d) Sphaeroteras sp. (Ref.: MEX: P024); e) Undetermined genus (Ref.: MEX: P184); f) Neuroterus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P386, P388); g) Disholcaspis sp. (Ref: MEX: P398); h) Femuros nr repandae (Ref.: P187, P227, 2797); i) Femuros repandae (Ref.: MEX: P313, 255, 256); j) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P314); k) Disholcaspis sp. (Ref.: MEX: P140); l) Undetermined genus (Ref.: MEX: P259); m) Neuroterus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P381); n) Loxaulus hyalinus (Ref.: MEX: 333); o) Undetermined genus (Ref.: Clark-49); p) Atrusca sp. (Ref.: P317, P318); q) Atrusca sp. (Ref.: MEX: P183); r) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P394); s) Andricus sp. (Ref.: MEX: P038)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4434112" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4434112/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 42a</figureCitation>
) on
<taxonomicName id="4C16BABF951CFFDBF84FFE3373ABFF87" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="potosina">
<emphasis id="B9621D2E951CFFDBF84FFE3373ABFF87" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Q. potosina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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