1345 lines
164 KiB
XML
1345 lines
164 KiB
XML
<document id="D589B1481B024A3F62FAC9957683406F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.193887" ID-GBIF-Dataset="240add05-9f9f-420f-8e70-a304af42df17" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="193887" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460175157673" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gower, David J., Wilkinson, Mark, Sherratt, Emma & Kok, Philippe J. R." docDate="2010" docId="03A23B11FFB0FFDC29C92239EEAAB6FB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02391p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2391" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Rhinatrema shiv Gower, Wilkinson, Sherratt & Kok, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="FF9B4369FFB1FFD6295E2574EC01B149" masterDocTitle="A new species of Rhinatrema Duméril & Bibron (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Rhinatrematidae) from Guyana" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="47" pageNumber="48" updateTime="1698236064858" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="88137573AC6FC4ED68A5BA698B903CA4">
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<mods:title id="1912D8C117A00DE0BFCA68B049480019">A new species of Rhinatrema Duméril & Bibron (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Rhinatrematidae) from Guyana</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="75E6E900E7E8A9A6509D2CC572B5F8EE">Gower, David J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D84E7F4F88B1110863071EE85B2CE0ED">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="467E21A99403F0A2100686C12CB00829">Wilkinson, Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="797A81831AD4A96C6E72FA84AB1EBB55">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7E15E1A27ED8D6A4558220AAF269E142">Sherratt, Emma</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="791BA801FD009E2E003825F8BE81A33B" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="30D03A7323CCD75B8BA7E22EC211A2CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DEC1ABEA06C79D1CAFA7323460239DA2">Kok, Philippe J. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="12705754212A6695FD9ECEA1B8336763">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="319266AC8C4C657C43DE5EF2BA7ED31C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0F12814DCA76543DF2544B8D803602FB">
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<mods:date id="9CC086998AA196FFE3B80CBACB37FF06">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="272DD60B641C81346FEF4F7A16AAA46F" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="93A88B5115AE9C969321958AE2C61378">2391</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="83938D12951BFD5B93ABF10286D3432F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.193887</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B624A3534A68130AA3C6FCDD3D450383" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="00108F85AB0AF6888FCD9460E64BC3B7" type="Zenodo-Dep">193887</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A23B11FFB0FFDC29C92239EEAAB6FB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5682498" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119383541" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5682498" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A23B11FFB0FFDC29C92239EEAAB6FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A23B11FFB0FFDC29C92239EEAAB6FB" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB0FFD729C92239EDA7B6C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB0FFD729C92239EDC5B62E" blockId="1.[151,452,1869,1930]" box="[151,452,1869,1895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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<heading id="D0FC3D6BFFB0FFD729C92239EDC5B62E" bold="true" box="[151,452,1869,1895]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB0FFD729C92239EDC5B62E" bold="true" box="[151,452,1869,1895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB0FFD729C92239ED61B62E" ID-CoL="4S7G9" box="[151,352,1869,1895]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB0FFD729C92239ED61B62E" bold="true" box="[151,352,1869,1895]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB0FFD728392239EDC5B62E" box="[359,452,1869,1895]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB0FFD729C92204EDA7B6C3" blockId="1.[151,452,1869,1930]" box="[151,422,1904,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
|
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13309682FFB0FFD729C12204ED11B6C3" box="[159,272,1904,1930]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,255,1045,1069]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,255,1933,1957]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,257,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,183,1037]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1418,194,1959]" captionTargetBox-2="[207,1361,194,1885]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1433,182,1647]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[151,1436,183,1038]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[168,1420,194,1961]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[207,1362,194,1886]" captionTargetId-3="figure@9.[152,1435,182,1649]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map showing Rhinatrema localities. Circles = R. bivittatum: 1) Cayenne, 2) Kaw Mountains, 3) Nouragues, 4) Angoulême, 5) Paracou, 6) Courcibo, 7) Sait Eugène, 8) Rio Cassiporé, 9) Tumuc-Humac Mountains = R. shiv sp. nov.: 1) Kaieteur, 2) Wineperu. Square = R. sp.: Brownsberg. See Appendix for specimen data. Localities 8 and 9 are approximate because available data are not precise." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Preserved holotype (IRSNB 1991) of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Photos by Harry Taylor (BMNH). Scale bar gradations = 1 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Anaesthetized holotype (IRSNB 1991) of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. A) Right dorsolateral view. B) Ventral view, with phallus seen in left (slightly dorso-) lateral view. C) Head and anterior of body in right lateral view. Photos by PJRK." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Volume reconstruction of HRXCT data showing Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. (holotype IRSNB 1991: left column) and R. bivittatum (MW 2051: right column). From top to bottom: crania in dorsal, palatal, lateral view and mandibles in lateral and dorsal view. Arrows in palatal views point to postchoanal processes of right maxillopalatines. See Nussbaum (1977) for figures and description of the cranial and mandibular osteology of rhinatrematids. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/193888/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/193889/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/193890/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/193891/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Figs. 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB0FFD728432204ED7EB6C3" box="[285,383,1904,1930]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, 2)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB0FFD429C922CEEFE4B49D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB0FFD429C922CEE8D0B453" blockId="1.[151,1368,1978,2033]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,1205,2015]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB0FFD729C922CEEEA0B698" ID-CoL="4S7FZ" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1838" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,673,1978,2001]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB0FFD729C922CEED87B698" box="[151,390,1978,2001]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Rhinatrema bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Guérin-Méneville, 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in part;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB0FFD72BA422CEE959B698" author="Nussbaum" box="[762,1368,1978,2001]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" refString="Nussbaum, R. A. & Hoogmoed, M. S. (1979) Surinam caecilians, with notes on Rhinatrema bivittatum and the description of a new species of Microcaecilia (Amphibia, Gymnophiona). Zoologische Mededelingen 54, 217 - 235." type="journal article" year="1979">
|
||
Nussbaum & Hoogmoed (1979: 219, 221, fig.1,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB0FFD72C5E22CEE94CB698" box="[1280,1357,1978,2001]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB0FFD729C922AEEEC7B6B8" ID-CoL="4S7FZ" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1838" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1838" box="[151,710,2010,2033]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="1" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB0FFD729C922AEED15B6B8" box="[151,276,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">Rhinatrema</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB0FFD7286222AEEDA9B6B8" box="[316,424,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="48">bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
(Guérin-Méneville, 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB0FFD72B8F22AEE8FEB6B8" author="Kok" box="[721,1279,2010,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="59" refString="Kok, P. J. R. & Kalamandeen, M. (2008) Introduction to the taxonomy of the amphibians of Kaieteur National Park, Guyana. Abc Taxa 5, 1 - 278." type="journal article" year="2008">Kok & Kalamandeen (2008: 246–247, figs. 17, 151)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD429C921C1ED13B586" bold="true" box="[151,274,1205,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD429C921C1ED0CB586" box="[151,269,1205,1231]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
IRSNB 1991 (field number PK 1569), transformed male, collected along Sir Donald’s trail ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB3FFD42CD321C1ECBCB5BD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
|
||
from a tributary of the Elinkwa River, ESE Kaieteur National Park,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFB3FFD42A8221AEE83BB5BD" box="[988,1082,1242,1268]" name="Guyana" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB3FFD42D3021AEE8B9B5BD" box="[1134,1208,1242,1268]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="540.0">540 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3FECC0FFB3FFD42C6521AEE996B5BD" box="[1339,1431,1242,1268]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="5.133333">5°08' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3FECC0FFB3FFD429C92074ED07B453" box="[151,262,1280,1306]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-59.416668">59°25' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) by Philippe J.R. Kok, Paul Benjamin and G. Seegobin on
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD42AE72074E858B453" box="[953,1113,1280,1306]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="2006-06-23">23 June 2006</date>
|
||
, 1:00 PM.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74DA8FFFB3FFD429C92161EEBAB5C5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193888/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[151,1435,183,1037]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB3FFD429C92161EEBAB5C5" blockId="2.[151,1436,1045,1164]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD429C92161ED18B564" bold="true" box="[151,281,1045,1069]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Map showing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD428E62161EE34B565" ID-CoL="78M6" box="[440,565,1045,1068]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD428E62161EE34B565" box="[440,565,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Rhinatrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
localities. Circles =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42A4F2161EF9BB565" ID-CoL="4S7FZ" box="[785,922,1045,1068]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42A4F2161EF9BB565" box="[785,922,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: 1) Cayenne, 2) Kaw Mountains, 3) Nouragues, 4) Angoulême, 5) Paracou, 6) Courcibo, 7) Sait Eugène, 8) Rio Cassiporé, 9) Tumuc-Humac Mountains =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42C772141E972B505" ID-CoL="4S7G9" box="[1321,1395,1077,1100]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42C772141E972B505" box="[1321,1395,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42C222141ECC7B524" bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB3FFD42C222141ECC7B524" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 1) Kaieteur, 2) Wineperu. Square =
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42B002121EE77B525" box="[606,630,1109,1132]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R.</emphasis>
|
||
sp.: Brownsberg. See Appendix for specimen data. Localities 8 and 9 are approximate because available data are not precise.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB3FFD4299A2051EFE4B49D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1205,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD4299A2051ED40B476" bold="true" box="[196,321,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD4299A2051ED40B476" box="[196,321,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 9). IRSNB 1992, collected in the vicinity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD42AF12051EFE0B476" box="[943,993,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality by G. Seegobin in
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD42C432051E999B476" box="[1309,1432,1317,1343]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="2006-05">May 2006</date>
|
||
, IRSNB
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD429AB203EED58B42D" box="[245,345,1354,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="1993" valueMax="1994">1993-94</date>
|
||
, collected at the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD42B41203EEE53B42D" box="[543,594,1354,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality by G. Seegobin in
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD42ACE203EE852B42D" box="[912,1107,1354,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="2006-09">September 2006</date>
|
||
, IRSNB
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD42DE2203EE91FB42D" box="[1212,1310,1354,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="1995" valueMax="1996">1995-96</date>
|
||
and
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFB3FFD42C06203EECB7B4C3" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" value="1998" valueMax="1999">1998- 99</date>
|
||
and BMNH 2008.602, collected in the vicinity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD42A3D2004EF98B4C3" box="[867,921,1392,1418]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality by G. Seegobin in 2008. BMNH 2008.601 collected in the vicinity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD42B2920E1EEA8B4E6" box="[631,681,1429,1455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality by G. Seegobin in 2007. All
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB3FFD42D3D20E1E8D2B4E6" box="[1123,1235,1429,1455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are transformed, and all are male except IRSNB 1993, 1994, 1999 and BMNH 2008.601.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB3FFD4299A2094EE6DB756" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB3FFD4299A2094EE6DB756" blockId="2.[151,1437,1205,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD4299A2094EDB5B4B3" bold="true" box="[196,436,1504,1530]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Referred material</emphasis>
|
||
(n = 1).
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A12C2FFB3FFD42B7B2094EE80B4B3" box="[549,641,1504,1530]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1976.102 transformed female, collected in 1976 by D. Healey, Wineperu,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFB3FFD428462371ED72B756" box="[280,371,1541,1567]" name="Guyana" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3FECC0FFB3FFD428DA2371EDE1B756" box="[388,480,1541,1567]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="6.1666665">6°10' N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3FECC0FFB3FFD428B22371EE5EB756" box="[492,607,1541,1567]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" precision="925" value="-58.566666">58°34' W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB3FFD5299A235EEEB2B0DB" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB3FFD4299A235EE99DB696" blockId="2.[151,1437,1205,2015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD4299A235EED45B70D" bold="true" box="[196,324,1578,1604]" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42834235FEDF5B70D" box="[362,500,1579,1604]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42834235FEDF5B70D" box="[362,500,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">Rhinatrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differing from the only other known species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42D47235FE8B3B70D" box="[1049,1202,1579,1604]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42D47235FE8B3B70D" box="[1049,1202,1579,1604]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in having a longer tail (6.5–9.5 vs. 4–6.5 annuli posterior to the vent; 1.5–2% vs. 0.8–1.6 % of TL), lacking pale spots on dorsal and ventral surfaces of the tail, generally having more irregular, patchy and narrow pale lateral stripes (midbody width/median width of stripe 4.6–7.2 vs. 2.9–4.6), a proportionately shorter head (ST-CM as % of TL 2.9–3.5% vs. 3.1–4.4%), a more acuminate head in dorsal view, a shorter dentary tooth row and smaller difference between numbers of IMs and dentary teeth (2–3 vs. 5–10), narrower temporal fenestrae (= upper openings of adductor chambers), differently shaped and relatively sized cranial bones (see below), and substantially different (ca. 15 %) nucleotide sequences for 1572 base pairs of 12S, 16S and cytochrome b (Cytb) mitochondrial genes. Other colour pattern features that largely serve to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42DBA2222E936B626" box="[1252,1335,1878,1903]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42DBA2222E936B626" box="[1252,1335,1878,1903]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42CDC2222ED19B6DD" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42CDC2222ED19B6DD" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are pale blotches on dorsal surface of the head (much more extensive patch between eyes; continuous eye-naris stripe in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42B5622D4EEA7B6F0" box="[520,678,1952,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42B5622D4EEA7B6F0" box="[520,678,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), pigmentation on denticulations around vent (dark in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42C1D22D4E995B6F0" box="[1347,1428,1952,1977]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42C1D22D4E995B6F0" box="[1347,1428,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD4285522B2EDA4B696" box="[267,421,1990,2015]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD4285522B2EDA4B696" box="[267,421,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), pale stripes on upper and lower jaws (joined behind CM in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB3FFD42DD422B2E925B696" box="[1162,1316,1990,2015]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="2" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42DD422B2E925B696" box="[1162,1316,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; not in
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB3FFD42CDD22B2E99DB696" box="[1411,1436,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="49">R.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD529C925ECEEB2B0DB" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD529C925ECECC9B1F8" box="[151,200,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD529C925ECECC9B1F8" box="[151,200,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), form of lateral stripes on and just behind collars (incomplete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD52AAD25ECE845B1F8" box="[1011,1092,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD52AAD25ECE845B1F8" box="[1011,1092,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, complete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD52DB225ECE98BB1F8" box="[1260,1418,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD52DB225ECE98BB1F8" box="[1260,1418,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). There are substantial overlaps in the numbers of vertebrae and annuli between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD52D0A25C9E8A7B19F" box="[1108,1190,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD52D0A25C9E8A7B19F" box="[1108,1190,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(range = 95–99 and 335–382, mean = 97 and 354, st. dev. = 1.8 and 16.3, n = 9 and 12, respectively) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD52DC82596E92EB1B2" box="[1174,1327,226,251]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD52DC82596E92EB1B2" box="[1174,1327,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(range = 88–99 and 273–384, mean = 92.5 and 334.8, st. dev. = 2.7 and 29.4, n = 26 and 24, respectively). Data for these meristics are significantly different (at the 0.05 level) for the two species for both vertebrae (t = 5.6303, p <0.001) and annuli (t = 2.5217, p = 0.0166), though we note that the size and geographical range size of the two samples is much greater for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB2FFD52B4B240CEEACB0D8" box="[533,685,376,401]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD52B4B240CEEACB0D8" box="[533,685,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB2FFD1299A24E9E826B45B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD5299A24E9EE68B339" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB2FFD5299A24E9EDF4B0FE" bold="true" box="[196,501,413,439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB2FFD528DF24E9EDF0B0FE" box="[385,497,413,439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Some meristic and morphometric data are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB2FFD52DC624E9E8F3B0FE" box="[1176,1266,413,439]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Male (cloaca everted) in good condition, small patches of stratum corneum missing, few scale pockets opened, ventral incision into coelom (for tissue sample) from
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52BF52493EF3FB348" box="[683,830,487,513]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="40.0">40 to 45 mm</quantity>
|
||
behind ST, narrow constriction caused by tag string
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD529C92778ECEBB36F" box="[151,234,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="68.0">68 mm</quantity>
|
||
behind ST. Body subcylindrical, slightly dorsoventrally compressed, widest at midbody, very gently tapering towards head and tail, posteriormost
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52B982745EF0AB302" box="[710,779,561,587]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
tapering more abruptly, in lateral view tail end tapers along dorsal edge, underside of tail flat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD52998270FE861B2F7" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Head more V- than U-shaped in dorsal view, very gently tapering in lateral view. In ventral view lateral edges of mandibles barely inset from sides of upper jaw, slightly more so anteriorly. Ventral surface between and behind back of mandibles puffed out artefactually, otherwise distance from CM to top of head about twice greater than to bottom. Eyes marginally closer to lips than top of head, distances between eye and lip almost twice diameter of eye (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD5288B2664EE34B263" box="[469,565,784,810]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
). In dorsal view, eyes less than one eye diameter from edge of head. Eye slightly bulging from surface of head, lying in posteroventral ‘corner’ of larger (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52DD92641E8E4B206" box="[1159,1253,821,847]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) clear window, tentacle barely visible as small bump at anterior margin of clear window. Nares small (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52DB0262EE951B23D" box="[1262,1360,858,884]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
), very marginally closer to lips than are eyes, positioned anterolaterally on snout tip level with anterior margin of mouth, barely visible dorsally, clearly visible laterally and anteriorly, not ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD5299826BDEF04B5D5" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">From HRXCT data, inner mandibular and vomeropalatine teeth uniformly small; those of the outer series comprise small teeth anteriorly and posteriorly, with five or six much larger teeth in between. Dentary tooth series extend about three quarters the length of the IM series beyond the posteriormost IMs (with 5 or 6 small dentary teeth behind posteriormost IM on each side). Tongue obtusely pointed, anterior part swollen, posterior part sunken, anterior part with darker anterior edge and few longitudinal plicae. Choanae subcircular, separated by 1 to 1.5 times the width of each choana.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD5299821D3ECD7B746" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Collar region weakly differentiated. NG1 barely visible as very faint ventral and dorsal (not lateral) creases that are not aligned (ventral crease further anterior). NG2 not visible dorsally, faint ventrally, posterodorsally oblique laterally, with posterodorsal tip lying posterior to anteriormost of five TGs on dorsal surface of collars. First TG faint and not extensive, next four cross entire dorsal surface and reach lateral stripe, fourth crosses lateral stripe on left. NG3 narrowly incomplete midventrally, anteriormost AGs complete behind this. AGs almost all orthoplicate, posteriormost four with slight anteromedial curvature ventrally. Terminal annulus about as long as preceding annuli. Single row of large (
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52D3D20F2E8BFB4E9" box="[1123,1214,1414,1440]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter) rounded subquadrangular scales middorsally in deep (more than twice as long as annuli) pockets at 12th annulus anterior to tail tip. At 10th annulus behind collars, single row of smaller scales in pockets about one annulus deep.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB2FFD52998236EED49B6BD" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">
|
||
A pair of small papillae present on edge of dilated vent. Phallus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13309682FFB2FFD52AE1236EE813B77D" box="[959,1042,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1971,1995]" captionTargetBox="[168,1418,194,1959]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[168,1420,194,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Preserved holotype (IRSNB 1991) of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Photos by Harry Taylor (BMNH). Scale bar gradations = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193889/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13309682FFB2FFD52D40236EE82CB77D" box="[1054,1069,1562,1588]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[207,1361,194,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[207,1362,194,1886]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Anaesthetized holotype (IRSNB 1991) of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. A) Right dorsolateral view. B) Ventral view, with phallus seen in left (slightly dorso-) lateral view. C) Head and anterior of body in right lateral view. Photos by PJRK." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193890/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="50">3</figureCitation>
|
||
) about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD52DD8236EE8CBB77D" box="[1158,1226,1562,1588]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, perhaps not quite fully everted. Terminal surface of distal end shaped as isosceles trapezium with maximum width x depth dimensions of 2.9 x
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB2FFD528C82311EDF8B736" box="[406,505,1637,1663]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="4.2">4.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, wider dorsally than ventrally. Single pair each of dorso- and ventrolateral longitudinal ridges, dorsolateral pair extends closer to vent. Single pair of lateral longitudinal ridges same length as ventrolateral pair, narrower and less prominent than both dorso- and ventrolateral pairs. Single middorsal and single midventral ‘ridge’ wider than other ridges and barely prominent. Lateral (5 to 6), dorsolateral (7) and ventrolateral (5 to 6) longitudinal ridges with narrow transverse, slightly raised bands, whiter than rest of phallus. Middorsal and midventral ‘ridges’ lack transverse bands but instead have less regular midline pale dots, also slightly raised. Anterior ends of dorsolateral ridges lead into opening at terminal end of phallus where each becomes smooth and has a major longitudinal sulcus, homologous with that seen in other caecilians (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB2FFD52B5822FBEF52B6E0" author="Gower" box="[518,851,1935,1961]" pageId="3" pageNumber="59" refString="Gower, D. J., Kupfer, A., Oommen, O. V., Himstedt, W., Nussbaum, R. A., Loader, S. P., Presswell, B., Muller, H., Krishna, S. B., Boistel, R. & Wilkinson, M. (2002) A molecular phylogeny of ichthyophiid caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae): Out of India or out of southeast Asia? Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269, 1563 - 1569." type="journal article" year="2002">Gower & Wilkinson 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A photograph showing an approximately left ventrolateral view of the everted phallus in the anaesthetized
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB2FFD52ACC22C1EFFCB686" box="[914,1021,1973,1999]" pageId="3" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
is given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB2FFD52DC922C1ED45B6BD" author="Kok" pageId="3" pageNumber="59" refString="Kok, P. J. R. & Kalamandeen, M. (2008) Introduction to the taxonomy of the amphibians of Kaieteur National Park, Guyana. Abc Taxa 5, 1 - 278." type="journal article" year="2008">Kok & Kalamandeen (2008: fig. 17)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74DA8FFFB5FFD229C922C7ED66B6A7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193889/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="51" targetBox="[168,1418,194,1959]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB5FFD229C922C7ED66B6A7" blockId="4.[151,1436,1971,2030]" pageId="4" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB5FFD229C922C7ED18B682" bold="true" box="[151,281,1971,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="51">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Preserved holotype (IRSNB 1991) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB5FFD22BEB22C7EF65B683" box="[693,868,1971,1994]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="4" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB5FFD22BEB22C7EF65B683" box="[693,868,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="51">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB5FFD22A3522C7EFC0B682" bold="true" box="[875,961,1971,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB5FFD22A3522C7EFC0B682" box="[875,961,1971,1995]" pageId="4" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Photos by Harry Taylor (BMNH). Scale bar gradations = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74DA8FFFB4FFD329C922F9ECDCB6A2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193890/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[207,1361,194,1885]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB4FFD329C922F9ECDCB6A2" blockId="5.[151,1437,1933,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB4FFD329C922F9ED1BB6EC" bold="true" box="[151,282,1933,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Anaesthetized holotype (IRSNB 1991) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB4FFD32BB722FAEF98B6EC" box="[745,921,1934,1957]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB4FFD32BB722FAEF98B6EC" box="[745,921,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB4FFD32AFF22F9EFF9B6EC" bold="true" box="[929,1016,1933,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB4FFD32AFF22F9EFF9B6EC" box="[929,1016,1933,1957]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A) Right dorsolateral view. B) Ventral view, with phallus seen in left (slightly dorso-) lateral view. C) Head and anterior of body in right lateral view. Photos by PJRK.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" ID-Table-UUID="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,303]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB7FFD029C925E3ED0EB1E6" bold="true" box="[151,271,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB7FFD02AA725ECE8B1B1E6" box="[1017,1200,152,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB7FFD02AA725ECE8B1B1E6" box="[1017,1200,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB7FFD02DE625E3E913B1E6" bold="true" box="[1208,1298,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB7FFD02DE625E3E913B1E6" box="[1208,1298,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “-” indicates data not taken; “?” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB7FFD028E4243EE953B7AF" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<table id="F90B78A7FFB7002929C9243EE99CB7AF" box="[151,1437,330,1766]" gridcols="9" gridrows="34" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9243EE99CB035" box="[151,1437,330,380]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9243EEE00B035" box="[151,513,330,380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1991</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292B45243EEE60B035" box="[539,609,330,380]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1993</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292B22243EEED7B035" box="[636,726,330,380]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">BMNH 2008.601</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF243EEF39B035" box="[753,824,330,380]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1994</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C243EEF99B035" box="[850,920,330,380]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1992</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292AED243EEFFBB035" box="[947,1018,330,380]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1995</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A243EE85BB035" box="[1044,1114,330,380]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB 1996</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B243EE8CEB035" box="[1141,1231,330,380]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">BMNH 2008.602</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1243EE99CB035" box="[1263,1437,330,380]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">IRSNB IRSNB 1998 1999</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C924FBE99CB0ED" box="[151,1437,399,420]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C924FBEE00B0ED" box="[151,513,399,420]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Sex m</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4524FBEE60B0ED" box="[539,609,399,420]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">f</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2224FBEED7B0ED" box="[636,726,399,420]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">f</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF24FBEF39B0ED" box="[753,824,399,420]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">f</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C24FBEF99B0ED" box="[850,920,399,420]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED24FBEFFBB0ED" box="[947,1018,399,420]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">m</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A24FBE85BB0ED" box="[1044,1114,399,420]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">m</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B24FBE8CEB0ED" box="[1141,1231,399,420]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">m</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB124FBE99CB0ED" box="[1263,1437,399,420]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">m f</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C924C3E99CB085" box="[151,1437,439,460]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C924C3EE00B085" box="[151,513,439,460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">TL 151</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4524C3EE60B085" box="[539,609,439,460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">138</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2224C3EED7B085" box="[636,726,439,460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">127</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF24C3EF39B085" box="[753,824,439,460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">184</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C24C3EF99B085" box="[850,920,439,460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">150</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED24C3EFFBB085" box="[947,1018,439,460]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">150</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A24C3E85BB085" box="[1044,1114,439,460]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">131</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B24C3E8CEB085" box="[1141,1231,439,460]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">162</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB124C3E99CB085" box="[1263,1437,439,460]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">167 178</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C924ABE99CB0BD" box="[151,1437,479,500]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C924ABEE00B0BD" box="[151,513,479,500]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Tail length 2.8</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4524ABEE60B0BD" box="[539,609,479,500]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2224ABEED7B0BD" box="[636,726,479,500]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF24ABEF39B0BD" box="[753,824,479,500]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C24ABEF99B0BD" box="[850,920,479,500]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED24ABEFFBB0BD" box="[947,1018,479,500]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A24ABE85BB0BD" box="[1044,1114,479,500]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B24ABE8CEB0BD" box="[1141,1231,479,500]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB124ABE99CB0BD" box="[1263,1437,479,500]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8 3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92773E99CB355" box="[151,1437,519,540]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92773EE00B355" box="[151,513,519,540]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Vertebrae 95</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452773EE60B355" box="[539,609,519,540]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">98</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222773EED7B355" box="[636,726,519,540]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">97</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2773EF39B355" box="[753,824,519,540]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">99</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2773EF99B355" box="[850,920,519,540]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2773EFFBB355" box="[947,1018,519,540]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">96</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2773E85BB355" box="[1044,1114,519,540]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2773E8CEB355" box="[1141,1231,519,540]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">95</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12773E99CB355" box="[1263,1437,519,540]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">95 99</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9275BE99CB30D" box="[151,1437,559,580]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9275BEE00B30D" box="[151,513,559,580]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Total annuli 346</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45275BEE60B30D" box="[539,609,559,580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">370</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22275BEED7B30D" box="[636,726,559,580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">382</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF275BEF39B30D" box="[753,824,559,580]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">361</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C275BEF99B30D" box="[850,920,559,580]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">378</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED275BEFFBB30D" box="[947,1018,559,580]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">340</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A275BE85BB30D" box="[1044,1114,559,580]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">335</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B275BE8CEB30D" box="[1141,1231,559,580]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">342</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1275BE99CB30D" box="[1263,1437,559,580]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">338 364</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92723E99CB325" box="[151,1437,599,620]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92723EE00B325" box="[151,513,599,620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Annuli behind front of vent 12</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452723EE60B325" box="[539,609,599,620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222723EED7B325" box="[636,726,599,620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">12.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2723EF39B325" box="[753,824,599,620]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2723EF99B325" box="[850,920,599,620]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">12.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2723EFFBB325" box="[947,1018,599,620]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">11</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2723E85BB325" box="[1044,1114,599,620]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">10</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2723E8CEB325" box="[1141,1231,599,620]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12723E99CB325" box="[1263,1437,599,620]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">11 13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9270BE99CB3DD" box="[151,1437,639,660]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9270BEE00B3DD" box="[151,513,639,660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Annuli behind back of vent 8</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45270BEE60B3DD" box="[539,609,639,660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22270BEED7B3DD" box="[636,726,639,660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF270BEF39B3DD" box="[753,824,639,660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C270BEF99B3DD" box="[850,920,639,660]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED270BEFFBB3DD" box="[947,1018,639,660]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A270BE85BB3DD" box="[1044,1114,639,660]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B270BE8CEB3DD" box="[1141,1231,639,660]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1270BE99CB3DD" box="[1263,1437,639,660]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8 9.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C927D3E99CB3F5" box="[151,1437,679,700]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C927D3EE00B3F5" box="[151,513,679,700]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">TG 5</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4527D3EE60B3F5" box="[539,609,679,700]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2227D3EED7B3F5" box="[636,726,679,700]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF27D3EF39B3F5" box="[753,824,679,700]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C27D3EF99B3F5" box="[850,920,679,700]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED27D3EFFBB3F5" box="[947,1018,679,700]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A27D3E85BB3F5" box="[1044,1114,679,700]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B27D3E8CEB3F5" box="[1141,1231,679,700]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB127D3E99CB3F5" box="[1263,1437,679,700]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4 5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C927BBE99CB3AE" box="[151,1437,719,743]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C927BBEE00B3AE" box="[151,513,719,743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">V incomplete AGs a 1</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4527BBEE60B3AE" box="[539,609,719,743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2227BBEED7B3AE" box="[636,726,719,743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF27BBEF39B3AE" box="[753,824,719,743]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C27BBEF99B3AE" box="[850,920,719,743]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED27BBEFFBB3AE" box="[947,1018,719,743]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A27BBE85BB3AE" box="[1044,1114,719,743]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B27BBE8CEB3AE" box="[1141,1231,719,743]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB127BBE99CB3AE" box="[1263,1437,719,743]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1 1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9278EE99CB246" box="[151,1437,762,783]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9278EEE00B246" box="[151,513,762,783]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">E-E 2.5</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45278EEE60B246" box="[539,609,762,783]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22278EEED7B246" box="[636,726,762,783]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF278EEF39B246" box="[753,824,762,783]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C278EEF99B246" box="[850,920,762,783]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED278EEFFBB246" box="[947,1018,762,783]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A278EE85BB246" box="[1044,1114,762,783]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B278EE8CEB246" box="[1141,1231,762,783]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1278EE99CB246" box="[1263,1437,762,783]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8 3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92656E99CB27E" box="[151,1437,802,823]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92656EE00B27E" box="[151,513,802,823]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">N-N 0.9</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452656EE60B27E" box="[539,609,802,823]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222656EED7B27E" box="[636,726,802,823]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2656EF39B27E" box="[753,824,802,823]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2656EF99B27E" box="[850,920,802,823]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2656EFFBB27E" box="[947,1018,802,823]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2656E85BB27E" box="[1044,1114,802,823]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2656E8CEB27E" box="[1141,1231,802,823]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12656E99CB27E" box="[1263,1437,802,823]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.1 1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9263EE99CB216" box="[151,1437,842,863]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9263EEE00B216" box="[151,513,842,863]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">E-N 2.2</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45263EEE60B216" box="[539,609,842,863]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22263EEED7B216" box="[636,726,842,863]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF263EEF39B216" box="[753,824,842,863]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C263EEF99B216" box="[850,920,842,863]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED263EEFFBB216" box="[947,1018,842,863]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A263EE85BB216" box="[1044,1114,842,863]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B263EE8CEB216" box="[1141,1231,842,863]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1263EE99CB216" box="[1263,1437,842,863]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3 2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92606E99CB2CE" box="[151,1437,882,903]" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92606EE00B2CE" box="[151,513,882,903]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Head width (HW) at CM 4.1</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452606EE60B2CE" box="[539,609,882,903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222606EED7B2CE" box="[636,726,882,903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2606EF39B2CE" box="[753,824,882,903]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2606EF99B2CE" box="[850,920,882,903]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2606EFFBB2CE" box="[947,1018,882,903]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2606E85BB2CE" box="[1044,1114,882,903]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2606E8CEB2CE" box="[1141,1231,882,903]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12606E99CB2CE" box="[1263,1437,882,903]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.3 4.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C926EEE99CB2E6" box="[151,1437,922,943]" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C926EEEE00B2E6" box="[151,513,922,943]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">HW at N1 4.6</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4526EEEE60B2E6" box="[539,609,922,943]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2226EEEED7B2E6" box="[636,726,922,943]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF26EEEF39B2E6" box="[753,824,922,943]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C26EEEF99B2E6" box="[850,920,922,943]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED26EEEFFBB2E6" box="[947,1018,922,943]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A26EEE85BB2E6" box="[1044,1114,922,943]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B26EEE8CEB2E6" box="[1141,1231,922,943]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB126EEE99CB2E6" box="[1263,1437,922,943]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8 5.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C926B6E99CB29E" box="[151,1437,962,983]" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C926B6EE00B29E" box="[151,513,962,983]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Length of collar region 2.4</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4526B6EE60B29E" box="[539,609,962,983]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2226B6EED7B29E" box="[636,726,962,983]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF26B6EF39B29E" box="[753,824,962,983]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C26B6EF99B29E" box="[850,920,962,983]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED26B6EFFBB29E" box="[947,1018,962,983]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A26B6E85BB29E" box="[1044,1114,962,983]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B26B6E8CEB29E" box="[1141,1231,962,983]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB126B6E99CB29E" box="[1263,1437,962,983]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7 3.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9269EE99CB2B6" box="[151,1437,1002,1023]" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9269EEE00B2B6" box="[151,513,1002,1023]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">ST-N1, laterally 7.5</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45269EEE60B2B6" box="[539,609,1002,1023]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22269EEED7B2B6" box="[636,726,1002,1023]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF269EEF39B2B6" box="[753,824,1002,1023]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">7.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C269EEF99B2B6" box="[850,920,1002,1023]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED269EEFFBB2B6" box="[947,1018,1002,1023]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A269EE85BB2B6" box="[1044,1114,1002,1023]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B269EE8CEB2B6" box="[1141,1231,1002,1023]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1269EE99CB2B6" box="[1263,1437,1002,1023]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.5 7.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92166E99CB56E" box="[151,1437,1042,1063]" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92166EE00B56E" box="[151,513,1042,1063]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">ST-E 2.8</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452166EE60B56E" box="[539,609,1042,1063]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222166EED7B56E" box="[636,726,1042,1063]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2166EF39B56E" box="[753,824,1042,1063]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2166EF99B56E" box="[850,920,1042,1063]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2166EFFBB56E" box="[947,1018,1042,1063]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2166E85BB56E" box="[1044,1114,1042,1063]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2166E8CEB56E" box="[1141,1231,1042,1063]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12166E99CB56E" box="[1263,1437,1042,1063]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8 3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9214EE99CB506" box="[151,1437,1082,1103]" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9214EEE00B506" box="[151,513,1082,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">ST-CM 4.9</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45214EEE60B506" box="[539,609,1082,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22214EEED7B506" box="[636,726,1082,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF214EEF39B506" box="[753,824,1082,1103]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C214EEF99B506" box="[850,920,1082,1103]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED214EEFFBB506" box="[947,1018,1082,1103]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A214EE85BB506" box="[1044,1114,1082,1103]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B214EE8CEB506" box="[1141,1231,1082,1103]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1214EE99CB506" box="[1263,1437,1082,1103]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.8 5.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92116E99CB53E" box="[151,1437,1122,1143]" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92116EE00B53E" box="[151,513,1122,1143]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">E-CM 1.9</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452116EE60B53E" box="[539,609,1122,1143]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222116EED7B53E" box="[636,726,1122,1143]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2116EF39B53E" box="[753,824,1122,1143]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2116EF99B53E" box="[850,920,1122,1143]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2116EFFBB53E" box="[947,1018,1122,1143]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2116E85BB53E" box="[1044,1114,1122,1143]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2116E8CEB53E" box="[1141,1231,1122,1143]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12116E99CB53E" box="[1263,1437,1122,1143]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.8 2.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C921FEE99CB5D6" box="[151,1437,1162,1183]" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C921FEEE00B5D6" box="[151,513,1162,1183]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">E-L 0.6</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4521FEEE60B5D6" box="[539,609,1162,1183]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2221FEEED7B5D6" box="[636,726,1162,1183]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF21FEEF39B5D6" box="[753,824,1162,1183]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C21FEEF99B5D6" box="[850,920,1162,1183]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED21FEEFFBB5D6" box="[947,1018,1162,1183]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A21FEE85BB5D6" box="[1044,1114,1162,1183]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B21FEE8CEB5D6" box="[1141,1231,1162,1183]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB121FEE99CB5D6" box="[1263,1437,1162,1183]" gridcol="8" gridrow="20" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6 0.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C921C6E99CB58E" box="[151,1437,1202,1223]" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C921C6EE00B58E" box="[151,513,1202,1223]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">N-L 0.6</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4521C6EE60B58E" box="[539,609,1202,1223]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2221C6EED7B58E" box="[636,726,1202,1223]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF21C6EF39B58E" box="[753,824,1202,1223]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C21C6EF99B58E" box="[850,920,1202,1223]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED21C6EFFBB58E" box="[947,1018,1202,1223]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A21C6E85BB58E" box="[1044,1114,1202,1223]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B21C6E8CEB58E" box="[1141,1231,1202,1223]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB121C6E99CB58E" box="[1263,1437,1202,1223]" gridcol="8" gridrow="21" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6 0.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C921AEE99CB5A6" box="[151,1437,1242,1263]" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C921AEEE00B5A6" box="[151,513,1242,1263]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Head depth behind CM 3</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4521AEEE60B5A6" box="[539,609,1242,1263]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2221AEEED7B5A6" box="[636,726,1242,1263]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF21AEEF39B5A6" box="[753,824,1242,1263]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C21AEEF99B5A6" box="[850,920,1242,1263]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED21AEEFFBB5A6" box="[947,1018,1242,1263]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A21AEE85BB5A6" box="[1044,1114,1242,1263]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B21AEE8CEB5A6" box="[1141,1231,1242,1263]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB121AEE99CB5A6" box="[1263,1437,1242,1263]" gridcol="8" gridrow="22" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.2 3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92076E99CB450" box="[151,1437,1282,1305]" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92076EE00B450" box="[151,513,1282,1305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Minimum W of stripe b 0.6</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452076EE60B450" box="[539,609,1282,1305]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222076EED7B450" box="[636,726,1282,1305]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2076EF39B450" box="[753,824,1282,1305]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2076EF99B450" box="[850,920,1282,1305]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2076EFFBB450" box="[947,1018,1282,1305]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2076E85BB450" box="[1044,1114,1282,1305]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2076E8CEB450" box="[1141,1231,1282,1305]" gridcol="7" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12076E99CB450" box="[1263,1437,1282,1305]" gridcol="8" gridrow="23" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">0.8 0.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92058E99CB40D" box="[151,1437,1324,1348]" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92058EE00B40D" box="[151,513,1324,1348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Maximum W of stripe b 1</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452058EE60B40D" box="[539,609,1324,1348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222058EED7B40D" box="[636,726,1324,1348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2058EF39B40D" box="[753,824,1324,1348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2058EF99B40D" box="[850,920,1324,1348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2058EFFBB40D" box="[947,1018,1324,1348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2058E85BB40D" box="[1044,1114,1324,1348]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2058E8CEB40D" box="[1141,1231,1324,1348]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12058E99CB40D" box="[1263,1437,1324,1348]" gridcol="8" gridrow="24" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">1.3 1.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92023E99CB425" box="[151,1437,1367,1388]" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92023EE00B425" box="[151,513,1367,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Annuli behind end of stripe 8,9</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452023EE60B425" box="[539,609,1367,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6,6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222023EED7B425" box="[636,726,1367,1388]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">9,11</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2023EF39B425" box="[753,824,1367,1388]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8,9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2023EF99B425" box="[850,920,1367,1388]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2023EFFBB425" box="[947,1018,1367,1388]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8,8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2023E85BB425" box="[1044,1114,1367,1388]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8,7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2023E8CEB425" box="[1141,1231,1367,1388]" gridcol="7" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">8,8</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12023E99CB425" box="[1263,1437,1367,1388]" gridcol="8" gridrow="25" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">? 11,10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C9200BE99CB4DD" box="[151,1437,1407,1428]" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C9200BEE00B4DD" box="[151,513,1407,1428]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Midbody width 5.2</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B45200BEE60B4DD" box="[539,609,1407,1428]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B22200BEED7B4DD" box="[636,726,1407,1428]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF200BEF39B4DD" box="[753,824,1407,1428]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C200BEF99B4DD" box="[850,920,1407,1428]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED200BEFFBB4DD" box="[947,1018,1407,1428]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A200BE85BB4DD" box="[1044,1114,1407,1428]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5.1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B200BE8CEB4DD" box="[1141,1231,1407,1428]" gridcol="7" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB1200BE99CB4DD" box="[1263,1437,1407,1428]" gridcol="8" gridrow="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">6.2 5.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C920D3E99CB4F5" box="[151,1437,1447,1468]" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C920D3EE00B4F5" box="[151,513,1447,1468]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Body width at vent 3</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4520D3EE60B4F5" box="[539,609,1447,1468]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2220D3EED7B4F5" box="[636,726,1447,1468]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF20D3EF39B4F5" box="[753,824,1447,1468]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C20D3EF99B4F5" box="[850,920,1447,1468]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED20D3EFFBB4F5" box="[947,1018,1447,1468]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A20D3E85BB4F5" box="[1044,1114,1447,1468]" gridcol="6" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B20D3E8CEB4F5" box="[1141,1231,1447,1468]" gridcol="7" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB120D3E99CB4F5" box="[1263,1437,1447,1468]" gridcol="8" gridrow="27" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">3.3 3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C920BBE99CB4AD" box="[151,1437,1487,1508]" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C920BBEE00B4AD" box="[151,513,1487,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Midbody circumference 18</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4520BBEE60B4AD" box="[539,609,1487,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">18</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2220BBEED7B4AD" box="[636,726,1487,1508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">14</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF20BBEF39B4AD" box="[753,824,1487,1508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C20BBEF99B4AD" box="[850,920,1487,1508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED20BBEFFBB4AD" box="[947,1018,1487,1508]" gridcol="5" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">19</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A20BBE85BB4AD" box="[1044,1114,1487,1508]" gridcol="6" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">16</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B20BBE8CEB4AD" box="[1141,1231,1487,1508]" gridcol="7" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">20</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB120BBE99CB4AD" box="[1263,1437,1487,1508]" gridcol="8" gridrow="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">20 19</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92083E99CB760" box="[151,1437,1527,1577]" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92083EE00B760" box="[151,513,1527,1577]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Premaxillary-maxillary 26 teeth</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452083EE60B760" box="[539,609,1527,1577]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222083EED7B760" box="[636,726,1527,1577]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2083EF39B760" box="[753,824,1527,1577]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">26</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2083EF99B760" box="[850,920,1527,1577]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2083EFFBB760" box="[947,1018,1527,1577]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2083E85BB760" box="[1044,1114,1527,1577]" gridcol="6" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2083E8CEB760" box="[1141,1231,1527,1577]" gridcol="7" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12083E99CB760" box="[1263,1437,1527,1577]" gridcol="8" gridrow="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">- -</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92348E99CB718" box="[151,1437,1596,1617]" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92348EE00B718" box="[151,513,1596,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Vomeropalatine teeth 36</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452348EE60B718" box="[539,609,1596,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222348EED7B718" box="[636,726,1596,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2348EF39B718" box="[753,824,1596,1617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">38</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2348EF99B718" box="[850,920,1596,1617]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2348EFFBB718" box="[947,1018,1596,1617]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2348E85BB718" box="[1044,1114,1596,1617]" gridcol="6" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2348E8CEB718" box="[1141,1231,1596,1617]" gridcol="7" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12348E99CB718" box="[1263,1437,1596,1617]" gridcol="8" gridrow="30" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">- -</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C92310E99CB730" box="[151,1437,1636,1657]" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C92310EE00B730" box="[151,513,1636,1657]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Dentary teeth (Ds) 28</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B452310EE60B730" box="[539,609,1636,1657]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B222310EED7B730" box="[636,726,1636,1657]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF2310EF39B730" box="[753,824,1636,1657]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">30</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C2310EF99B730" box="[850,920,1636,1657]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED2310EFFBB730" box="[947,1018,1636,1657]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A2310E85BB730" box="[1044,1114,1636,1657]" gridcol="6" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B2310E8CEB730" box="[1141,1231,1636,1657]" gridcol="7" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB12310E99CB730" box="[1263,1437,1636,1657]" gridcol="8" gridrow="31" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">- -</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C923F8E99CB7F7" box="[151,1437,1676,1726]" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C923F8EE00B7F7" box="[151,513,1676,1726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Inner mandibular teeth 25 (IMs)</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4523F8EE60B7F7" box="[539,609,1676,1726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2223F8EED7B7F7" box="[636,726,1676,1726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF23F8EF39B7F7" box="[753,824,1676,1726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">28</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C23F8EF99B7F7" box="[850,920,1676,1726]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED23F8EFFBB7F7" box="[947,1018,1676,1726]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A23F8E85BB7F7" box="[1044,1114,1676,1726]" gridcol="6" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B23F8E8CEB7F7" box="[1141,1231,1676,1726]" gridcol="7" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB123F8E99CB7F7" box="[1263,1437,1676,1726]" gridcol="8" gridrow="32" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">- -</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB7002929C923A5E99CB7AF" box="[151,1437,1745,1766]" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB7002929C923A5EE00B7AF" box="[151,513,1745,1766]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">Ds behind IMs on each side 5–6</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B4523A5EE60B7AF" box="[539,609,1745,1766]" gridcol="1" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292B2223A5EED7B7AF" box="[636,726,1745,1766]" gridcol="2" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292BAF23A5EF39B7AF" box="[753,824,1745,1766]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">5–7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292A0C23A5EF99B7AF" box="[850,920,1745,1766]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292AED23A5EFFBB7AF" box="[947,1018,1745,1766]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D4A23A5E85BB7AF" box="[1044,1114,1745,1766]" gridcol="6" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292D2B23A5E8CEB7AF" box="[1141,1231,1745,1766]" gridcol="7" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB700292DB123A5E99CB7AF" box="[1263,1437,1745,1766]" gridcol="8" gridrow="33" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">- -</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB7FFD129982268ED03B33B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1820,2033]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,2034]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="6" pageNumber="53">
|
||
In preservation grey-brown with off-white markings, body browner where stratum corneum missing, generally darker dorsally. Ventrally very few pale speckles but with whitish glands at anterior margin of each annulus. Dorsally slightly fewer, smaller glands at annular margins but many more and larger irregular pale speckles. Fewer to no speckles on dorsal surface of collars and especially posteriormost
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB7FFD02DF922F8E8FBB6EF" box="[1191,1274,1932,1958]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
of body. Pale lateral stripe widest at C1, narrower and partly broken on C2, patchy and irregular just behind collars, then more constant but narrow, irregular and slightly patchy on body until last quarter, increasingly faint and patchy posteriorly, stopping level with vent, absent on tail. Lateral stripe absent at back of head but present boldly on lower jaw where inset from lip by distance less than width of stripe, subparallel to lateral margin of lower jaw from behind CM almost to mentum, prevented from contacting opposite stripe by narrow, tapering brown stripe on mentum. Stripe on upper jaw continuous with margin of mouth from CM to underside of snout tip, widest just anterior to eye. Pale spot around and in front of nares. Narrow pale area around upper half of eye. Dorsal surface of head mostly grey/brown except for largely symmetrical pale blotches, three behind level of CM, anteriorly-open U-shape between eyes (with pale dot inside the U), and irregular blotch halfway between eye and naris on each side. Lower jaw more grey and less brown laterally behind CM back to anterior of C1 and between anterior ends of lateral stripes. Upper surface of head more grey than brown everwhere except centre of posterior half of head and between eye and naris. Annuli with generally darker posteriors because pale glands and speckles concentrated towards anterior of annuli. AGs whitish but not obviously so except where scale pockets opened. In life specimen brown with vivid yellow stripes and speckles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB6FFD1299A2709E826B45B" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD1299A2709ED42B3DE" bold="true" box="[196,323,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB6FFD128212709EDE5B3DE" box="[383,484,637,663]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Tables 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and 2 for meristic and morphometric data. The 10
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12D132709E881B3DE" box="[1101,1152,637,663]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens range in TL from
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB6FFD1298327D6ED84B3F5" box="[221,389,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.555" metricValueMax="1.8399999999999999" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="155.5" valueMax="184.0" valueMin="127.0">127–184 mm</quantity>
|
||
(mean = 153.8), with the two largest specimens (>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFB6FFD12D7F27D6E88AB3F5" box="[1057,1163,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="167.0">167 mm</quantity>
|
||
) both female. Sexual dimorphism was tested for most (23) of the meristic and morphometric characters (except tooth counts) listed in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB6FFD129E82799ED11B24E" box="[182,272,749,775]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. Significant differences at the 0.05 level between males and females were found only in numbers (greater in females) of vertebrae (t = 5.5549, p = 0.036) and annuli (t = 2.8539, p = 0.0215), but these were not significant at the Bonferroni-corrected 0.002 level, and the same sexual dimorphisms in caecilians have been found previously only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD128932629EEAEB23E" box="[461,687,861,887]" class="Amphibia" family="Caeciliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Scolecomorphidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Nussbaum 1985;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB6FFD12AC92629E836B23E" author="Kupfer" box="[919,1079,861,887]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" refString="Kupfer, A. (2009) Sexual size dimorphism in caecilian amphibians: analysis, review and directions for future research. Zoology 112, 362 - 369." type="journal article" year="2009">Kupfer 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The collar region is weakly demarcated, especially anteriorly, in all specimens. No variation in numbers of scale rows or depth of scale pockets posterior was observed. A pair of small papillae close to the midline are present just anterior to halfway along the disc surrounding the vent of two male (IRSNB 1997, 1998) and one female (BMNH 2008.601)
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD128492686ED8AB545" box="[279,395,1010,1036]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. Numbers of denticulations around the vent seemed to depend partly on the condition of specimens, but varies from 11 to 13, generally with four or six anteriorly and seven posteriorly. Apart from their innermost portions, the denticulations at the margin of the vent are darkly pigmented in all specimens where this can be clearly assessed. The colour pattern of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12A282116EFE8B535" box="[886,1001,1122,1148]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
is overall very similar to that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD129C921FCED02B5EB" box="[151,259,1160,1186]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The most divergent specimen (IRSNB 1993) has larger pale blotches on the dorsal surface of the head, a complete pale tentacle-naris stripe, lateral stripe unbroken immediately behind the collars, and less anteriorly extensive mandibular stripes and more brown chin. At the other end of the spectrum, the pale blotches on the dorsal surface of the head of BMNH 2008.601 are very slight.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB6FFD1299A2069E8CAB6BB" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB6FFD1299A2069ECEDB7CB" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD1299A2069EDB6B47E" bold="true" box="[196,439,1309,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Referred material.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A12C2FFB6FFD1289E2069EE1BB47E" box="[448,538,1309,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
1976.102 is from a locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFB6FFD12AC52069EFFBB47E" box="[923,1018,1309,1335]" name="Guyana" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12DC12069E8D5B47E" box="[1183,1236,1309,1335]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and the northern coast of South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFB6FFD128EB2036EE1BB415" box="[437,538,1346,1372]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13309682FFB6FFD12B722036EE70B415" box="[556,625,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1045,1069]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,183,1037]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,183,1038]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing Rhinatrema localities. Circles = R. bivittatum: 1) Cayenne, 2) Kaw Mountains, 3) Nouragues, 4) Angoulême, 5) Paracou, 6) Courcibo, 7) Sait Eugène, 8) Rio Cassiporé, 9) Tumuc-Humac Mountains = R. shiv sp. nov.: 1) Kaieteur, 2) Wineperu. Square = R. sp.: Brownsberg. See Appendix for specimen data. Localities 8 and 9 are approximate because available data are not precise." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193888/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), further down the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFB6FFD12A052036EFD5B415" box="[859,980,1346,1372]" name="Guyana" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
|
||
drainage and almost at sea level. This specimen is clearly more similar to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12B3C2013EE95B4C8" box="[610,660,1383,1409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12A5A2013EF52B4C9" box="[772,851,1383,1408]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12A5A2013EF52B4C9" box="[772,851,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12AEC2013E848B4C9" box="[946,1097,1383,1408]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12AEC2013E848B4C9" box="[946,1097,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in head shape, lack of dorsal (although there are some small flecks here) and ventral pale spots at the tail end, and in the length of the tail and head (Table 2). We have included this as referred rather than
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12ACD20C4EFC7B483" box="[915,966,1456,1482]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material because it is a single specimen (lacking a tissue sample or
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED1A12C2FFB6FFD1288820A1EE17B4A6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[470,534,1493,1519]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
data) from a slightly outlying locality, and it is beyond the range of variation of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD129BD208EED17B75D" box="[227,278,1530,1556]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series in some characters including width of stripe and number of annuli between anterior end of vent and tip of tail (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB6FFD128DB236BEDDEB770" box="[389,479,1567,1593]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The pale blotches on the dorsal surface of the head are larger than in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB6FFD12C37236BE99CB770" box="[1385,1437,1567,1593]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series, and the lateral stripe is broader, more regular and complete, being unbroken across and just behind the collars.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB6FFD1299823F9E8CAB6BB" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2034]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD1299823F9EE88B7EE" bold="true" box="[198,649,1677,1703]" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Cranial and mandibular osteology.</emphasis>
|
||
Skulls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12A4F23F9EFAFB7EF" box="[785,942,1677,1702]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12A4F23F9EFAFB7EF" box="[785,942,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12AAC23F9E846B7EF" box="[1010,1095,1677,1702]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12AAC23F9E846B7EF" box="[1010,1095,1677,1702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ substantially in their overall shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13309682FFB6FFD1281423C6ED97B785" box="[330,406,1714,1740]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,257,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,182,1647]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[152,1435,182,1649]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Volume reconstruction of HRXCT data showing Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. (holotype IRSNB 1991: left column) and R. bivittatum (MW 2051: right column). From top to bottom: crania in dorsal, palatal, lateral view and mandibles in lateral and dorsal view. Arrows in palatal views point to postchoanal processes of right maxillopalatines. See Nussbaum (1977) for figures and description of the cranial and mandibular osteology of rhinatrematids. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193891/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The snout tip is more acuminate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12A3F23C6EFB4B782" box="[865,949,1714,1739]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12A3F23C6EFB4B782" box="[865,949,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and unlike
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12D1823C6E8E5B782" box="[1094,1252,1714,1739]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12D1823C6E8E5B782" box="[1094,1252,1714,1739]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the premaxilla extends slightly anteriorly beyond the mouth. In dorsal view, the cranium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12D4723A3E867B7B9" box="[1049,1126,1751,1776]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12D4723A3E867B7B9" box="[1049,1126,1751,1776]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, narrows rather uniformly from its widest point (at the jaw articulation) to just behind the external nares. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12D372388E905B65C" box="[1129,1284,1788,1813]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12D372388E905B65C" box="[1129,1284,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the anterior narrowing of the skull is much less uniform, its rate decreasing between the anterior limit of the squamosal to a little anterior to the orbit, making the snout relatively broader. This difference is reflected also in the shape of the paired frontal bones, the lateral margins of which are more or less sub-parallel in dorsal view in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12CDC221EED13B6E1" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12CDC221EED13B6E1" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but narrow anteriorly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12B1322FBEE9EB6E1" box="[589,671,1935,1960]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12B1322FBEE9EB6E1" box="[589,671,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in the maxillopalatine, the dorsal margins of which curve posterolaterally away from the frontals in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12BC122C0EF3FB684" box="[671,830,1972,1997]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12BC122C0EF3FB684" box="[671,830,1972,1997]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The latter has the effect of making the temporal fenestrae far more extensive and very much wider anteriorly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12ADE22ACE819B6B8" box="[896,1048,2008,2033]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12ADE22ACE819B6B8" box="[896,1048,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB6FFD12D2922ACE8C5B6B8" box="[1143,1220,2008,2033]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="7" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB6FFD12D2922ACE8C5B6B8" box="[1143,1220,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="54">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFB9FFDC29C925EEE8E7B57B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB9FFDE29C925EEEEC2B01D" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,340]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE29C925EEED0AB1FB" bold="true" box="[151,267,154,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Variation in meristic and morphometric data of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE2A4825EEEFC7B1F8" box="[790,966,154,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2A4825EEEFC7B1F8" box="[790,966,154,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB9FFDE2A8B25EEE804B1F8" box="[981,1029,154,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series1 and referred specimen BMNH 1971.102 2),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE284725C9EDA5B19D" box="[281,420,189,212]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivitattum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE284725C9EDA5B19D" box="[281,420,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R. bivitattum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFB9FFDE2B7E25C9EE7FB19D" box="[544,638,189,212]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
– see Appendix) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2A3525C9EF83B19D" box="[875,898,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R.</emphasis>
|
||
sp. (RMNH 17667). Values given as means (with range in parentheses). Values in square parentheses from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFB9FFDE2A7525A9E89AB1BD" author="Nussbaum" box="[811,1179,221,244]" pageId="8" pageNumber="59" refString="Nussbaum, R. A. & Hoogmoed, M. S. (1979) Surinam caecilians, with notes on Rhinatrema bivittatum and the description of a new species of Microcaecilia (Amphibia, Gymnophiona). Zoologische Mededelingen 54, 217 - 235." type="journal article" year="1979">Nussbaum & Hoogmoed (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. * the means for some characters were calculated from raw data for less than
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D418EFFB9FFDE2B822589EF6DB05D" box="[732,876,253,276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
– see
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB9FFDE2AF12589EFFFB05D" box="[943,1022,253,276]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
for details. ** Means for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE2C4C2589E99DB05D" box="[1298,1436,253,276]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2C4C2589E99DB05D" box="[1298,1436,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from data for 20–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D418EFFB9FFDE280C2469ED6DB07D" box="[338,364,285,308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="generic">28</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens except means for tooth counts (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D0D418EFFB9FFDE2A6A2469EFBDB07D" box="[820,956,285,308]" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" type="generic">7 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
). Note: c) measured as number of annuli. See caption to
|
||
<tableCitation id="C689BFBCFFB9FFDE28592449ED57B01D" box="[263,342,317,340]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,330,1766]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Variation in meristic and morphometric data of the type series of Rhinatrema shiv sp. nov. Holotype is IRSNB 1991; all other specimens are paratypes. Tooth counts taken from HRXCT data. “ - ” indicates data not taken; “? ” indicates data could not be taken because of condition of specimen. Numbers separated by a comma are values for left, right sides. AG = annular groove; E = eye; L = lip; N = naris; V = ventrally; W = width. See Material and Methods for other abbreviations. Notes: a) immediately behind collar region; b) at midbody." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" tableUuid="DF74DA8FFFB7FFD029C925E3EFE4B066">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
for abbreviations and other notes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB9FFDE2B722406E87EB6A0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<table id="F90B78A7FFB9002929C92404E99DB6A0" box="[151,1436,368,2025]" gridcols="5" gridrows="28" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92404E99DB0C0" box="[151,1436,368,393]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" rowspan-0="1">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB900292B722404EEDFB0C0" box="[556,734,368,393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE2B722406EE75B0C0" box="[556,628,370,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2B722406EE75B0C0" box="[556,628,370,393]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB900292A422404EF84B0C0" box="[796,901,368,393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE2A422406EF64B0C0" box="[796,869,370,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2A422406EF64B0C0" box="[796,869,370,393]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
2
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62404E88CB0C0" box="[1000,1165,368,393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB9FFDE2AB62404E870B0CE" box="[1000,1137,368,391]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2AB62404E870B0CE" box="[1000,1137,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB900292D982404E99DB0C0" box="[1222,1436,368,393]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB9FFDE2D982404E8DCB0CE" box="[1222,1245,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">R.</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C924E9E99DB0FD" box="[151,1436,413,436]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C924E9EDE4B0FD" box="[151,485,413,436]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Number of specimens</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7224E9EEDFB0FD" box="[556,734,413,436]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">10*</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4224E9EF84B0FD" box="[796,901,413,436]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB624E9E88CB0FD" box="[1000,1165,413,436]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">28**</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9824E9E99DB0FD" box="[1222,1436,413,436]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C924BCE99DB340" box="[151,1436,456,521]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C924BCEDE4B340" box="[151,485,456,521]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Sex TL</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7224BCEEDFB340" box="[556,734,456,521]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">- 153.8 (127–184)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4224BCEF84B340" box="[796,901,456,521]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">f 172 [175]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB624BCE88CB340" box="[1000,1165,456,521]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">11m, 11f 176 (127–219)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9824BCE99DB340" box="[1222,1436,456,521]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">m 168 [163]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92769E99DB37D" box="[151,1436,541,564]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92769EDE4B37D" box="[151,485,541,564]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Tail Length</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722769EEDFB37D" box="[556,734,541,564]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.69 (2.3–3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422769EF84B37D" box="[796,901,541,564]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.7 [2.4]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62769E88CB37D" box="[1000,1165,541,564]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.19 (1.4–2.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982769E99DB37D" box="[1222,1436,541,564]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.1 [3.5]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C9273CE99DB3C0" box="[151,1436,584,649]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C9273CEDE4B3C0" box="[151,485,584,649]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Tail Length as % of TL Vertebrae</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B72273CEEDFB3C0" box="[556,734,584,649]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.76 (1.54–2.01) 97 (95–99)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A42273CEF84B3C0" box="[796,901,584,649]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.6 [1.37] [99]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB6273CE88CB3C0" box="[1000,1165,584,649]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.25 (0.8–1.59) 93 (88–99)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D98273CE99DB3C0" box="[1222,1436,584,649]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.85 [2.15] [85]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C927E9E99DB3FD" box="[151,1436,669,692]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C927E9EDE4B3FD" box="[151,485,669,692]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Total annuli</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7227E9EEDFB3FD" box="[556,734,669,692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">356 (335–378)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4227E9EF84B3FD" box="[796,901,669,692]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">347 [345]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB627E9E88CB3FD" box="[1000,1165,669,692]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">335 (273–384)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9827E9E99DB3FD" box="[1222,1436,669,692]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">382 [384]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C927BCE99DB240" box="[151,1436,712,777]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C927BCEDE4B240" box="[151,485,712,777]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Annuli behind front of vent Annuli behind back of vent</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7227BCEEDFB240" box="[556,734,712,777]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">12 (10–13) 8 (6.5–9.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4227BCEF84B240" box="[796,901,712,777]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">10 7 [7]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB627BCE88CB240" box="[1000,1165,712,777]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">8.6 (7–10.5) 5 (4–6.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9827BCE99DB240" box="[1222,1436,712,777]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">13.5 10 [11]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92669E99DB27D" box="[151,1436,797,820]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92669EDE4B27D" box="[151,485,797,820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">TG</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722669EEDFB27D" box="[556,734,797,820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.6 (4–5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422669EF84B27D" box="[796,901,797,820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62669E88CB27D" box="[1000,1165,797,820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.1 (3–6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982669E99DB27D" box="[1222,1436,797,820]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4 [3]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C9263CE99DB228" box="[151,1436,840,865]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C9263CEDE4B228" box="[151,485,840,865]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">V incomplete AGs a</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B72263CEEDFB228" box="[556,734,840,865]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0.9 (0–2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A42263CEF84B228" box="[796,901,840,865]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB6263CE88CB228" box="[1000,1165,840,865]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.7 (1–5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D98263CE99DB228" box="[1222,1436,840,865]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92601E99DB2C5" box="[151,1436,885,908]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92601EDE4B2C5" box="[151,485,885,908]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">E-E</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722601EEDFB2C5" box="[556,734,885,908]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.6 (2.2–2.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422601EF84B2C5" box="[796,901,885,908]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.8 [3]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62601E88CB2C5" box="[1000,1165,885,908]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.7 (2.9–4.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982601E99DB2C5" box="[1222,1436,885,908]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.2 [2.8]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C926D4E99DB2A8" box="[151,1436,928,993]" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C926D4EDE4B2A8" box="[151,485,928,993]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">N-N E-N</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7226D4EEDFB2A8" box="[556,734,928,993]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1 (0.9–1.1) 2.3 (2–2.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4226D4EF84B2A8" box="[796,901,928,993]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0.9 [0.9] 2.3 [2.4]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB626D4E88CB2A8" box="[1000,1165,928,993]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.4 (1–1.7) 2.9 (2.2–3.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9826D4E99DB2A8" box="[1222,1436,928,993]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">1.1 [1.2] 2.8 [3.2]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92681E99DB545" box="[151,1436,1013,1036]" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92681EDE4B545" box="[151,485,1013,1036]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Head width (HW) at CM</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722681EEDFB545" box="[556,734,1013,1036]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.1 (3.5–4.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422681EF84B545" box="[796,901,1013,1036]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.4</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62681E88CB545" box="[1000,1165,1013,1036]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">5.3 (3.5–6.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982681E99DB545" box="[1222,1436,1013,1036]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">5 [5.1]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92154E99DB528" box="[151,1436,1056,1121]" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92154EDE4B528" box="[151,485,1056,1121]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">HW at N1 Length of collar region</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722154EEDFB528" box="[556,734,1056,1121]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.5 (4–5.2) 2.8 (2.4–3.8)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422154EF84B528" box="[796,901,1056,1121]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.8 [4.8] 2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62154E88CB528" box="[1000,1165,1056,1121]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">5.6 (4.5–7.4) 3.1 (2.3–4.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982154E99DB528" box="[1222,1436,1056,1121]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">5.5 3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92101E99DB5C5" box="[151,1436,1141,1164]" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92101EDE4B5C5" box="[151,485,1141,1164]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">ST-N1, laterally</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722101EEDFB5C5" box="[556,734,1141,1164]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6.8 (5.6–7.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422101EF84B5C5" box="[796,901,1141,1164]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6.6 [8.7]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62101E88CB5C5" box="[1000,1165,1141,1164]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">8.6 (6.7–10.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982101E99DB5C5" box="[1222,1436,1141,1164]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">7.8 [8.9]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C921D4E99DB5A8" box="[151,1436,1184,1249]" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C921D4EDE4B5A8" box="[151,485,1184,1249]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">ST-E ST-CM</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7221D4EEDFB5A8" box="[556,734,1184,1249]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.7 (2.5–3) 4.9 (4.5–5.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4221D4EF84B5A8" box="[796,901,1184,1249]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.9 5.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB621D4E88CB5A8" box="[1000,1165,1184,1249]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.5 (2.5–4.3) 6.6 (4.6–8.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9821D4E99DB5A8" box="[1222,1436,1184,1249]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.5 6.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92181E99DB445" box="[151,1436,1269,1292]" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92181EDE4B445" box="[151,485,1269,1292]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">ST-CM as % of TL</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722181EEDFB445" box="[556,734,1269,1292]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.2 (2.9–3.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422181EF84B445" box="[796,901,1269,1292]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.1 [3.2]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62181E88CB445" box="[1000,1165,1269,1292]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.8 (3.1–4.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982181E99DB445" box="[1222,1436,1269,1292]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92054E99DB428" box="[151,1436,1312,1377]" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92054EDE4B428" box="[151,485,1312,1377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">E-CM E-L</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722054EEDFB428" box="[556,734,1312,1377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2 (1.7–2.5) 0.6 (0.4–0.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422054EF84B428" box="[796,901,1312,1377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.3 0.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62054E88CB428" box="[1000,1165,1312,1377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.7 (1.7–3.7) 0.5 (0.4–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982054E99DB428" box="[1222,1436,1312,1377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.7 0.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92001E99DB4C5" box="[151,1436,1397,1420]" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92001EDE4B4C5" box="[151,485,1397,1420]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">N-L</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722001EEDFB4C5" box="[556,734,1397,1420]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0.5 (0.4–0.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422001EF84B4C5" box="[796,901,1397,1420]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">ca. 0.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62001E88CB4C5" box="[1000,1165,1397,1420]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0.6 (0.4–0.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982001E99DB4C5" box="[1222,1436,1397,1420]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C920D4E99DB4AD" box="[151,1436,1440,1508]" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C920D4EDE4B4AD" box="[151,485,1440,1508]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Head depth behind CM Range in stripe width b</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7220D4EEDFB4AD" box="[556,734,1440,1508]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.1 (2.8–3.6) (0.5–1.7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4220D4EF84B4AD" box="[796,901,1440,1508]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.1 1.3–1.7</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB620D4E88CB4AD" box="[1000,1165,1440,1508]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.5 (2.4–4.6) (0.80–3.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9820D4E99DB4AD" box="[1222,1436,1440,1508]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.2 1.8–2.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C9208CE99DB758" box="[151,1436,1528,1553]" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C9208CEDE4B758" box="[151,485,1528,1553]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Midbody W/median W stripe b</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B72208CEEDFB758" box="[556,734,1528,1553]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6.1 (5.2–7.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A42208CEF84B758" box="[796,901,1528,1553]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB6208CE88CB758" box="[1000,1165,1528,1553]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.6 (2.9–4.6)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D98208CE99DB758" box="[1222,1436,1528,1553]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92351E99DB775" box="[151,1436,1573,1596]" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92351EDE4B775" box="[151,485,1573,1596]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Annuli behind end of stripe</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722351EEDFB775" box="[556,734,1573,1596]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">8.4 (6–11)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422351EF84B775" box="[796,901,1573,1596]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62351E88CB775" box="[1000,1165,1573,1596]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">4.5 (2–7.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982351E99DB775" box="[1222,1436,1573,1596]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">9,7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92324E99DB720" box="[151,1436,1616,1641]" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92324EDE4B720" box="[151,485,1616,1641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">L dorsal pale spot on tail c</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722324EEDFB720" box="[556,734,1616,1641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0 (0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422324EF84B720" box="[796,901,1616,1641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">0</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62324E88CB720" box="[1000,1165,1616,1641]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">(3–12)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982324E99DB720" box="[1222,1436,1616,1641]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92309E99DB7DD" box="[151,1436,1661,1684]" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92309EDE4B7DD" box="[151,485,1661,1684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Midbody width</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722309EEDFB7DD" box="[556,734,1661,1684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">5.4 (4.7–6.2)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A422309EF84B7DD" box="[796,901,1661,1684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">6.9 [6]</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62309E88CB7DD" box="[1000,1165,1661,1684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">7.1 (4.2–10)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D982309E99DB7DD" box="[1222,1436,1661,1684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">8.4 [8]</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C923DCE99DB7A0" box="[151,1436,1704,1769]" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C923DCEDE4B7A0" box="[151,485,1704,1769]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Body width at vent Midbody circumference</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7223DCEEDFB7A0" box="[556,734,1704,1769]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.9 (2.3–3.6) 17.6 (14–20)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292A4223DCEF84B7A0" box="[796,901,1704,1769]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.6 19</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB623DCE88CB7A0" box="[1000,1165,1704,1769]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.9 (1.8–4.1) 21.2 (12–28)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292D9823DCE99DB7A0" box="[1222,1436,1704,1769]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">3.4 23</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92389E99DB65D" box="[151,1436,1789,1812]" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92389EDE4B65D" box="[151,485,1789,1812]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Premaxillary teeth</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722389EEDFB65D" box="[556,734,1789,1812]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">26 (26)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62389E88CB65D" box="[1000,1165,1789,1812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">26.3 (24–28)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C9225CE99DB620" box="[151,1436,1832,1897]" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C9225CEDE4B620" box="[151,485,1832,1897]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Vomeropalatine teeth Dentary teeth (Ds)</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B72225CEEDFB620" box="[556,734,1832,1897]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">37 (36–38) 29 (28–30)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB6225CE88CB620" box="[1000,1165,1832,1897]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">35.9 (31–39) 32.9 (30–35)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C92209E99DB6DD" box="[151,1436,1917,1940]" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C92209EDE4B6DD" box="[151,485,1917,1940]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Inner mandibular teeth (IMs)</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B722209EEDFB6DD" box="[556,734,1917,1940]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">26.5 (25–28)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB62209E88CB6DD" box="[1000,1165,1917,1940]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">25.7 (24–28)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="353B8845FFB9002929C922DCE99DB6A0" box="[151,1436,1960,2025]" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="55" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||
<th id="76EAE139FFB9002929C922DCEDE4B6A0" box="[151,485,1960,2025]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">Ds minus IMs Ds behind IMs on each side</th>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292B7222DCEEDFB6A0" box="[556,734,1960,2025]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">2.5 (2–3) 5–6.5 (5–7)</td>
|
||
<td id="76EAE139FFB900292AB622DCE88CB6A0" box="[1000,1165,1960,2025]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="8" pageNumber="55">7.1 (5–10) 7.4–8.7(6–10)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF74DA8FFFB8FFDF29C9230DECD4B658" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/193891/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[152,1433,182,1647]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB8FFDF29C9230DECD4B658" blockId="9.[151,1437,1657,1809]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF29C9230DED1FB7D8" bold="true" box="[151,286,1657,1681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Volume reconstruction of HRXCT data showing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB8FFDF2A19230EEFFCB7D8" box="[839,1021,1658,1681]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF2A19230EEFFCB7D8" box="[839,1021,1658,1681]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">Rhinatrema shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF2D5B230DE85FB7D8" bold="true" box="[1029,1118,1657,1681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24CEB6EFFB8FFDF2D5B230DE85FB7D8" box="[1029,1118,1657,1681]" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype IRSNB 1991: left column) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB8FFDF287423EEEDBBB7F8" box="[298,442,1690,1713]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF287423EEEDBBB7F8" box="[298,442,1690,1713]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MW2051: right column). From top to bottom: crania in dorsal, palatal, lateral view and mandibles in lateral and dorsal view. Arrows in palatal views point to postchoanal processes of right maxillopalatines. See Nussbaum (1977) for figures and description of the cranial and mandibular osteology of rhinatrematids. Scale bar = 1mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFB8FFDC299A224EEEE1B06B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1850,2025]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
|
||
There are numerous other differences between the crania of the two species including: the lengths of the retroarticular processes, otic regions, pterygoid processes of the quadrates and quadrate processes of the pterygoids (all proportionately shorter
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF2B3E22F1EF19B6D7" box="[608,792,1925,1950]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB8FFDF2B2122F1EF19B6D7" box="[639,792,1925,1950]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">R. bivittatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); the sizes of the orbits (substantially larger and much closer to the margin of the mouth, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB8FFDF2B1822DEEEDCB68A" box="[582,733,1962,1987]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF2B1822DEEEDCB68A" box="[582,733,1962,1987]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the form of the postchoanal process of the maxillopalatine (thicker and bearing a posterodistal process only in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFB8FFDF2A4222BBEFBDB6A1" box="[796,956,1999,2024]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="9" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFB8FFDF2A4222BBEFBDB6A1" box="[796,956,1999,2024]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="56">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the angle formed middorsally by the posterior margins of the frontals (approximately 90˚ in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2A4225ECEFB5B1F8" box="[796,948,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A4225ECEFB5B1F8" box="[796,948,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, more obtuse in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2D2825ECE8C7B1F8" box="[1142,1222,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2D2825ECE8C7B1F8" box="[1142,1222,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the extent of the edentulous (adentigerous) palatine shelf medial to the tooth row (small in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2AAB25C9E845B19F" box="[1013,1092,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2AAB25C9E845B19F" box="[1013,1092,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but almost non-existent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2CDD25C9ED13B1B2" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2CDD25C9ED13B1B2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and the position of the foramina in the spenethmoid for the passage of the dorsal roots of the olfactory nerve (distinctly more dorsal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2B21247CEECEB068" box="[639,719,264,289]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2B21247CEECEB068" box="[639,719,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A2459E94FB36E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Differences in the overall shape of the lower jaws parallel those of the cranium with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2DC52459E933B00F" box="[1179,1330,301,326]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2DC52459E933B00F" box="[1179,1330,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having a larger space between the dentary and IM tooth rows anterolaterally, with more substantial neurovascular foramina in this space. Additionally, each mandible of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2A6E240CEFCCB0D8" box="[816,973,376,401]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A6E240CEFCCB0D8" box="[816,973,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a weaker subsplenial ridge (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC29C924E9EDF3B0FE" author="Wilkinson" box="[151,498,413,439]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Wilkinson, M. & Nussbaum, R. A. (1997) Comparative morphology and evolution of the lungless caecilian Atretochoana eiselti (Taylor) (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 62, 39 - 109." type="journal article" year="1997">Wilkinson & Nussbaum 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and a proportionately shorter distance between the canalis primordialis and jaw articulation. The dentary tooth rows of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BCF24B6EF37B092" box="[657,822,450,475]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BCF24B6EF37B092" box="[657,822,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extend further posteriorly, closer to the canales primordiales, and with more elements behind the proportionately shorter IM series. The greater relative length of the dentary rows explains the greater difference in numbers of dentary and IM teeth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2DEE2779E946B36F" box="[1200,1351,525,550]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2DEE2779E946B36F" box="[1200,1351,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A2746E8E7B57B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC299A2746ED37B305" bold="true" box="[196,310,562,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Genetics.</emphasis>
|
||
Following the protocols outlined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2BB92746EFD1B305" box="[743,976,562,588]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Gower, D. J., Kupfer, A., Oommen, O. V., Himstedt, W., Nussbaum, R. A., Loader, S. P., Presswell, B., Muller, H., Krishna, S. B., Boistel, R. & Wilkinson, M. (2002) A molecular phylogeny of ichthyophiid caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae): Out of India or out of southeast Asia? Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269, 1563 - 1569." type="journal article">
|
||
Gower
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A602746EF78B302" box="[830,889,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2002)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 12S, 16S and Cytb mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequences were generated for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC2B33272CEED2B33B" box="[621,723,600,626]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BA2272CEF4DB338" box="[764,844,600,625]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BA2272CEF4DB338" box="[764,844,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GenBank accessions
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC2D06272CE8DBB33B" box="[1112,1242,600,626]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU566188" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">GU566188</accessionNumber>
|
||
to 566190), and compared with other rhinatrematids. The comparison was made with the following three specimens:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2CDC2709ED15B3F2" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2CDC2709ED15B3F2" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from close to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC28A627D6EE2CB3F5" box="[504,557,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC2BE527D6EF70B3F5" box="[699,881,674,700]" name="French Guiana" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2ADD27D6E89CB3F5" author="San" box="[899,1181,674,700]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="San Mauro, D., Gower, D. J., Oommen, O. V., Wilkinson, M. & Zardoya R. (2004) Phylogeny of caecilian amphibians (Gymnophiona) based on complete mitochondrial genomes and nuclear RAG 1. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33, 413 - 427." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
San Mauro
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2D4B27D6E855B3F2" box="[1045,1108,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; GenBank accession
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC29C927BCED1FB3AB" box="[151,286,712,738]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY456252" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">AY456252</accessionNumber>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC286D27BCEE5EB3A8" box="[307,607,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC286D27BCEE5EB3A8" box="[307,607,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Epicrionops marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC2BF727BCEF0DB3AB" box="[681,780,712,738]" name="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2A4327BCEFFDB3AB" author="Gower" box="[797,1020,712,738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Gower, D. J., Kupfer, A., Oommen, O. V., Himstedt, W., Nussbaum, R. A., Loader, S. P., Presswell, B., Muller, H., Krishna, S. B., Boistel, R. & Wilkinson, M. (2002) A molecular phylogeny of ichthyophiid caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae): Out of India or out of southeast Asia? Proceedings of the Royal Society B 269, 1563 - 1569." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||
Gower
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A2627BCEFB4B3A8" box="[888,949,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2002
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; GenBank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC2DDC27BCE907B3AB" box="[1154,1286,712,738]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY101206" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
AY
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFBBFFDC2DF327BCE907B3AB" box="[1197,1286,712,738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" value="06-10-12">101206</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC2C4D27BCE999B3AB" box="[1299,1432,712,738]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY101226" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
AY
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFBBFFDC2C6127BCE999B3AB" box="[1343,1432,712,738]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" value="26-10-12">101226</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC29C92799ED20B24E" box="[151,289,749,775]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY101246" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
AY
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFBBFFDC299A2799ED20B24E" box="[196,289,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" value="46-10-12">101246</date>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC28682799ED9BB24F" box="[310,410,749,774]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC28682799ED9BB24F" box="[310,410,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">E. niger</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC28B82799EE44B24E" box="[486,581,749,775]" name="Guyana" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2B082799E873B24E" author="Zhang" box="[598,1138,749,775]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Zhang, P. & Wake, M. H. (2009) A mitogenomic perspective on the phylogeny and biogeography of living caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 53, 479 - 491." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Zhang &
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC2B902799EF13B24E" box="[718,786,749,775]" name="Wake Island" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Wake</collectingCountry>
|
||
2009; GenBank
|
||
<accessionNumber id="945817E4FFBBFFDC2ABB2799E873B24E" box="[997,1138,749,775]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ244468" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">GQ244468</accessionNumber>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The aligned sequences (excluding gaps and missing data) comprised a total of 1572 sites, 349 for 12S, 533 for 16S and 690 for Cytb. Pairwise differences were 15.3% for the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BF4264CEF32B218" box="[682,819,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BF4264CEF32B218" box="[682,819,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Rhinatrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 17.2/16.3 and 20.2/20.4 between
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2DA2264CECE6B23F" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2DA2264CE98EB218" box="[1276,1423,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">R. bivittatum</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC29C92629ECE6B23F" box="[151,231,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">R. shiv</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC287E2629EDD1B23F" box="[288,464,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marmoratus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC287E2629EDD1B23F" box="[288,464,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">E. marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2B542629EE66B23F" box="[522,615,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2B542629EE66B23F" box="[522,615,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">E. niger</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively, with the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2AF52629E83BB23F" box="[939,1082,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2AF52629E83BB23F" box="[939,1082,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Epicrionops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differing by 18.2%. Thus, the genetic distance between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC289526F6EE67B2D2" box="[459,614,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC289526F6EE67B2D2" box="[459,614,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BFF26F6EEF2B2D2" box="[673,755,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BFF26F6EEF2B2D2" box="[673,755,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not much less than between each of these species and two species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC281926DCEDD7B288" box="[327,470,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Epicrionops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC281926DCEDD7B288" box="[327,470,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Epicrionops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These pairwise differences are substantial, all greater for the same mt genes than among species of Sri Lankan and Indian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BFA26B9E840B2AE" authority="Gower et al. 2005" authorityName="Gower et al." authorityYear="2005" box="[676,1089,973,999]" class="Amphibia" family="Ichthyophiidae" genus="Ichthyophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BFA26B9EF39B2AF" box="[676,824,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Ichthyophis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2A1726B9E839B2AE" author="Gower" box="[841,1080,973,999]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Gower, D. J., Bahir, M., Mapatuna, Y., Pethiyagoda, R., Raheem, D. & Wilkinson, M. (2005) Molecular phylogenetics of Sri Lankan Ichthyophis (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Ichthyophiidae), with discovery of a cryptic species. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 12, 153 - 161." type="book chapter" year="2005">
|
||
Gower
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2AF426B9EFEAB2AF" box="[938,1003,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and similar to the greatest differences among species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC28A82686EE97B542" box="[502,662,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Caeciliidae" genus="Boulengerula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC28A82686EE97B542" box="[502,662,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Boulengerula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2B8E2686EF2FB542" box="[720,814,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Caeciliidae" genus="Herpele" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2B8E2686EF2FB542" box="[720,814,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Herpele</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Loader
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2AC22686EFD6B542" box="[924,983,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
submitted). We interpret the new data as strongly supporting the hypothesis that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BDB216CEED4B578" box="[645,725,1048,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BDB216CEED4B578" box="[645,725,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a valid species distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2D16216CE8DEB578" box="[1096,1247,1048,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bivittatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2D16216CE8DEB578" box="[1096,1247,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. bivittatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFBBFFDC299A2149EEEEB58E" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A2149EFFEB5EB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC299A2149ED50B51E" bold="true" box="[196,337,1085,1111]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
Named in honour of Shivnarine ‘Shiv’ Chanderpaul (born 1974), in recognition of his being the West Indies’ most capped and highest run-scoring Guyanese cricketer, and international cricketer of the year in 2008. The specific epithet is considered to be a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A21D9EEEEB58E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" box="[196,751,1197,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC299A21D9EE06B58E" bold="true" box="[196,519,1197,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Suggested common name.</emphasis>
|
||
Shiv’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2B0121D9EEEAB58E" box="[607,747,1197,1223]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rhinatrema</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C311D98CFFBBFFDC299A21A6EEAAB6FB" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A21A6E88BB72B" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC299A21A6EF15B5A5" bold="true" box="[196,788,1234,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Distribution, natural history and conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC2A0C21A6EF84B5A5" box="[850,901,1234,1260]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series was collected in submontane forest of the Pakaraima uplands on white sand dominated by clump wallaba (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2A8B218CE841B458" box="[981,1088,1272,1297]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dicymbe" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A8B218CE841B458" box="[981,1088,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Dicymbe</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.) (ter
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2DE1218CE959B45B" author="Steege" box="[1215,1368,1272,1298]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="ter Steege, H. (2001) National vegetation map of Guyana, Guyana Forestry Commission: Georgetown." type="book" year="2001">Steege 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC29C92069ECFFB47E" box="[151,254,1309,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and two of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC28EF2069EE20B47E" box="[433,545,1309,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(IRSNB
|
||
<date id="FFB5ACC7FFBBFFDC2BD12069EEF3B47E" box="[655,754,1309,1335]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" value="1993" valueMax="1994">1993-94</date>
|
||
) were collected in pitfall traps (plastic buckets of about
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFBBFFDC2C212069ECBAB415" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="28.0">28 cm</quantity>
|
||
diameter at the top,
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFBBFFDC28EF2036EDFAB415" box="[433,507,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
|
||
deep) that were buried into the ground at ca.
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFBBFFDC2D422036E84BB415" box="[1052,1098,1346,1372]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
intervals under a 60 m-long drift fence of plastic sheet (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CF327E2FFBBFFDC2BCD201CEEDDB4CB" box="[659,732,1384,1410]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
|
||
in height) positioned to run across the open midline top of the buckets. The other seven
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC28AF20F9EE63B4EE" box="[497,610,1421,1447]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were collected by diamond miners in inundated mining pits (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9AF7F6FFBBFFDC2C3720F9EDA6B485" author="Kok" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" refString="Kok, P. J. R. & Kalamandeen, M. (2008) Introduction to the taxonomy of the amphibians of Kaieteur National Park, Guyana. Abc Taxa 5, 1 - 278." type="journal article" year="2008">Kok & Kalamandeen 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 11), without precise data. Nychthemeral cycle is unknown, but all individuals collected in pitfall traps where found early morning or early afternoon (pitfall traps were checked two times a day, in early morning or early afternoon and late afternoon), consistent with nocturnal surface activity. The new species appears to be active during both the dry and the wet seasons given that specimens were collected in pitfall traps in May and June (long wet season) and in September (long dry season).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB48A07FFBBFFDC299A2319EEAAB6FB" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The new species is known with certainty only from Kaieteur,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC2ACA2319EFF3B7CE" box="[916,1010,1645,1671]" name="Guyana" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
, although it possibly extends further down the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC285523E6ED85B7E5" box="[267,388,1682,1708]" name="Guyana" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Essequibo</collectingCountry>
|
||
drainage in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31CCA97FFBBFFDC2B4B23E6EE75B7E5" box="[533,628,1682,1708]" name="Guyana" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Given the slight doubt that it has more than a point distribution, and that we lack data on ecological tolerance or requirement,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2A1623CCEF9BB798" box="[840,922,1720,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2A1623CCEF9BB798" box="[840,922,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
would probably qualify for Data Deficient status in the IUCN redlist. The occurrence of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54B034A5FFBBFFDC2B8323A9EF0EB7BE" box="[733,783,1757,1783]" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality within a National Park, and possibility that the species occurs more widely offer hope that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2BF62277EEFDB655" box="[680,764,1795,1820]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2BF62277EEFDB655" box="[680,764,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
could be upgraded to Least Concern status with a little more research. Habitat destruction (including mining activity) likely represents the major threat. Where known, rhinatrematids have a biphasic life history with larvae hatching from terrestrial eggs (Nussbaum 1977). All the known specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C0BF184FFBBFFDC2B622207EE8CB6C5" box="[572,653,1907,1932]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhinatrematidae" genus="Rhinatrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnophiona" pageId="10" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiv">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97F5615FFBBFFDC2B622207EE8CB6C5" box="[572,653,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="57">R. shiv</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are fully transformed, with no indication of larval features (lateral line organs, expanded lips, spiracles, tail fin).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |