291 lines
33 KiB
XML
291 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="F1ACB722FD5D4316B1CB17AB0822606E" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5374.3.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150521" ID-ZooBank="4FEAC6E6-32A8-4F01-BC7F-C85D11431936" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1700246945913" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Willems, Frank & Channing, Alan" docDate="2023" docId="03F0FD2EFFEBFFFCFF0DFB261CC9FEE7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5374.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5374 (3)" docSource="https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.3.3/52294" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Tomopterna pulchra" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="376" masterDocId="FFC98556FFE1FFF3FF9AFFD51C03FFA6" masterDocTitle="The status of Tomopterna pulchra Boulenger, 1896 (Anura: Pyxicephalidae)" masterLastPageNumber="389" masterPageNumber="361" pageNumber="371" updateTime="1700766527110" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="4A1A6EB27F3DC74B185A5FAB87288BAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F63591088C2397588BCBAA11580D31CA">
|
||
<mods:title id="461C66CFF87265CE3E0064C4C17CEB2F">The status of Tomopterna pulchra Boulenger, 1896 (Anura: Pyxicephalidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="3427943FA1CBB6F36B25CC47C7AB20FD" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D7B56F67E916F73CAA08F5A6A88BCF73">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3E506888D85B47B2C854C8CE3FE7A48C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9AB4175DF16DB9845FE87B7ED717464C">Willems, Frank</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6E632C9979C3D8551B874D0BEF38D657" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9617-4344</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="6FC57B0396F310F452993B9AC8031AB0">Kigelia Solutions / Frank Willems Guiding and Ecology, Chisamba Park, PO Box 12, Fringilla, Zambia.</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="740F87DBB6A8B8923CB82B95C0C40DD4" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="916A96888C1E36B07F3E82783407FA78">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0318EFB464601A40401B864219EFB1A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="16873857B1DEB0CF3A9BEB179060DC0A">Channing, Alan</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8D96094D77260CA08BE5D8F86365E199" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6250-2415</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="6F829C87A7BF45140E645B89D37564EE">Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="373750E3AD7F22CE245D9E492294DA05">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="AAF7FA49FFD35757C35B8FCCE4645238" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6EA06F9521D7D6566B4986C4A89E3191">
|
||
<mods:title id="8EFC8C5D6B3EE48275494BEA5A9523E9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="D9DFE8BBB74EF6EBCFB07C1F9BB8525F">
|
||
<mods:date id="D405DD8874868B44CDC08E55722E8C21">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="82F207C296B6B8462AE8E910E004CF94" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="0E4B620F9C89535AC2C05B8F5A8C6346">2023-11-17</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="715D378630D22F1FC800FEF8A4DE7850" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="12D5A73AEF2F24807621FC1043A32200">5374</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="1DDC2C347AB84E5A5277F2509B9548FB" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="E510A1D264D31E0B12DDC575CF5A2226">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="6D2188B35975B549295266D09CA79C08" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="79F6E4B0A5554023C523C7EDCBD82784">361</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="1EADE88971DCE01AD376846840613B07">389</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="DDD5C84001E7179D2A4CF8F45BC6F18E">
|
||
<mods:url id="DCB9774BD18E8B6692666DF72FFF312E">https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.3.3/52294</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="899CCC18BA925D7FD592B444F180D6F2">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5A337E8F26325BE7504A12C03437803D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5374.3.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F4C8BB87E467BB27C6AEAC15C244AC0D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2BCF935F77E81B4E664E93AD464118C2" type="Zenodo-Dep">10150521</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B0DA5E2E85672417EF3AA19F964E7549" type="ZooBank">4FEAC6E6-32A8-4F01-BC7F-C85D11431936</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03F0FD2EFFEBFFFCFF0DFB261CC9FEE7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F0FD2EFFEBFFFCFF0DFB261CC9FEE7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F0FD2EFFEBFFFCFF0DFB261CC9FEE7" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3431FB3FFEBFFF9FF0DFB261E72FAAA" box="[151,625,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFB261E72FAAA" blockId="10.[151,625,1266,1329]" box="[151,625,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<heading id="D0AEFB54FFEBFFF9FF0DFB261E72FAAA" bold="true" box="[151,625,1266,1293]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FF0DFB261E72FAAA" ID-CoL="6WR8K" authority="(Boulenger, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[151,625,1266,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FF0DFB261E72FAAA" bold="true" box="[151,625,1266,1293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FF0DFB261D8CFAAB" bold="true" box="[151,399,1266,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FE04FB271E6BFAAA" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[414,616,1266,1292]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="467 - 468" refId="ref9738" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Descriptions of two new frogs from Lake Tanganyika, presented to the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18, 467 - 468. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939608680490" type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3431FB3FFEBFFF9FF0DFAC21DC2FA97" box="[151,449,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" type="vernacular_names">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFAC21DC2FA97" blockId="10.[151,625,1266,1329]" box="[151,449,1303,1329]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Eastern Beaded Sand Frog</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3431FB3FFEBFFF9FF0DFA891EE4FA17" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFA891EE8FAD5" blockId="10.[151,747,1371,1457]" box="[151,747,1371,1395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FF0DFA891DD3FAD5" authority="Boulenger, 1896" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,464,1371,1395]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FF0DFA891D21FAD5" box="[151,290,1371,1395]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Rana pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B314665FFEBFFF9FEB2FA8E1DD3FAD5" box="[296,464,1371,1395]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FEB2FA8E1DD3FAD5" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[296,464,1371,1395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="467 - 468" refId="ref9738" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Descriptions of two new frogs from Lake Tanganyika, presented to the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18, 467 - 468. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939608680490" type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2F29AFFEBFFF9FE47FA8E1E09FAD5" box="[477,522,1371,1395]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">type</typeStatus>
|
||
BMNH 1947.2.1.36).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFAAE1E99FA34" blockId="10.[151,747,1371,1457]" box="[151,666,1402,1426]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB496B16FFEBFFF9FF0DFAAE1E99FA34" box="[151,666,1402,1426]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FF0DFAAE1DB0FA34" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,435,1402,1426]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra" subGenus="Tomopterna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FF0DFAAE1DB0FA34" box="[151,435,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Rana (Tomopterna) pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF86A29FFEBFFF9FE56FAAF1E95FA34" author="De Witte, G. F." box="[460,662,1402,1426]" page="263" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FE56FAAF1E95FA34" author="De Witte, G. F." box="[460,662,1402,1426]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="232 - 273" refId="ref11063" refString="De Witte, G. F. (1930) Liste des batraciens du Congo Belge (Collecton du Musee du Congo Belge a Tervuren). Premiere partie. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines. Tervuren, 19, 232 - 273." type="journal article" year="1930">De Witte 1930: 263</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFA4C1EE4FA17" blockId="10.[151,747,1371,1457]" box="[151,743,1432,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FF0DFA4C1D44FA17" box="[151,327,1433,1457]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undefined-1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FF0DFA4C1D12FA16" box="[151,273,1433,1456]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna</emphasis>
|
||
sp. 1
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
‘Mutinodo’—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FE42FA4D1EE0FA17" author="Wilson, L. & Channing, A." box="[472,739,1432,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="225 - 246" refId="ref14291" refString="Wilson, L. & Channing, A. (2019) A new sand frog from Namaqualand, South Africa (Pyxicephalidae: Tomopterna). Zootaxa, 4609, 225 - 246. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4609.2.2" type="journal article" year="2019">Wilson & Channing 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3431FB3FFEBFFFCFF0DFA0A1CC9FEE7" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="376" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF0DFA0A1CE8F9E7" blockId="10.[151,1437,1503,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
We recognise the material referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FDF3FA0A1F3BFA5F" box="[617,824,1503,1529]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FDF3FA0A1E7DFA5E" box="[617,638,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">T.</emphasis>
|
||
aff.
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FD2FFA0A1F3BFA5F" box="[693,824,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
above as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FC37FA0A1968FA5F" authority="(Boulenger, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[941,1387,1503,1529]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FC37FA0A1897FA5F" box="[941,1172,1503,1529]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FB3EFA0A1961FA5F" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[1188,1378,1503,1529]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="467 - 468" refId="ref9738" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Descriptions of two new frogs from Lake Tanganyika, presented to the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18, 467 - 468. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939608680490" type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and remove it from the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FDBAF9D61812F9BB" authority="(Boulenger, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[544,1041,1539,1565]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FDBAF9D61F37F9BB" box="[544,820,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FCDCF9D6180AF9BB" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[838,1033,1539,1565]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" refId="ref9696" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum. 2 nd Edition. Taylor and Francis, London, 256 pp., 16 pls." type="book" year="1882">Boulenger, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on genetic differences and habitat.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF5DF99E191DF977" blockId="10.[151,1437,1503,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2F29AFFEBFFF9FF63F99E1D2AF9C3" box="[249,297,1611,1637]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FE24F99E1EA1F9C3" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[446,674,1611,1637]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FE24F99E1EA1F9C3" box="[446,674,1611,1637]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMNH 1947.2.1.36;
|
||
<figureCitation id="136250BDFFEBFFF9FC3AF99E1FE2F9C3" box="[928,993,1610,1637]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,250,660,684]" captionTargetBox="[248,1339,181,636]" captionTargetId="figure-23@14.[248,1339,181,636]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. The holotype of Rana pulchra Boulenger, 1896 BMNH 1947.2.1.36 (Photo J. Streicher)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150531" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150531/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) is in poor condition. A description of a sequenced specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FE04F9BA1E13F92F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[414,528,1647,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FE04F9BA1E13F92F" box="[414,528,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">T. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is provided in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136250BDFFEBFFF9FD2BF9BA1F37F92F" box="[689,820,1647,1673]" captionStart="APPENDIX 1" captionStartId="22.[151,289,872,896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="APPENDIX 1. Material scored for absence of a vertebral stripe, listing locality, latitude, longitude and source." pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Appendix 1</figureCitation>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2F29AFFEBFFF9FCEBF9BA1FA2F92F" box="[881,929,1647,1673]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FC5EF9BA1836F92F" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[964,1077,1647,1673]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FC5EF9BA1836F92F" box="[964,1077,1647,1673]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">T. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected by the missionary W.H. Nutt, who was based at Fwambo near south-east Lake Tanganyika (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FC5CF9461897F90B" author="Anonymous" box="[966,1172,1683,1709]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="425 - 435" refId="ref9192" refString="Anonymous. (1896) The Monthly Record. The Geographical Journal, 7 (4), 425 - 435. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / i 303167]" type="journal article" year="1896">Anonymous 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We assume that this is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E2F29AFFEBFFF9FF5AF9621CF3F977" box="[192,240,1719,1745]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, designated as “Lake Tanganyika” in the Natural History Museum (London) catalogue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF5DF90E1DBEF8BF" blockId="10.[151,1437,1503,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
Advertisement calls have a mean dominant frequency of 2534 Hz (2067–3100 Hz), with a mean note rate of
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D2AFFFFEBFFF9FF0DF92A1CD1F8AA" box="[151,210,1790,1817]" degrees="9.6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" precision="5555" value="-9.6">
|
||
9.6
|
||
<superScript id="7C2CE170FFEBFFF9FF5BF92A1CD1F8AA" attach="left" box="[193,210,1790,1817]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">s-</superScript>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
1 (4.8–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6D2AFFFFEBFFF9FE81F92A1D67F8AA" box="[283,356,1790,1817]" degrees="12.0" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" precision="5555" value="-12.0">
|
||
12.0
|
||
<superScript id="7C2CE170FFEBFFF9FEC9F92A1D67F8AA" attach="left" box="[339,356,1790,1817]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">s-</superScript>
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
1) n=22.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEBFFF9FF5DF8F61DE6F86B" blockId="10.[151,1437,1503,1997]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">
|
||
This species is known to breed in rocky habitats, such as at Muso Hills (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136250BDFFEBFFF9FC7CF8F6182AF89B" box="[998,1065,1827,1853]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,2007,2031]" captionTargetBox="[311,1277,719,1984]" captionTargetId="figure-42@14.[311,1277,709,1984]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Muso Hills, Zambia rocky habitat and breeding pool (Photos F. Willems)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150533" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150533/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FB2DF8F6193EF89A" authorityName="Dumeril & Bibron" authorityYear="1841" box="[1207,1341,1827,1852]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FB2DF8F6193EF89A" box="[1207,1341,1827,1852]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Tomopterna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consists of burrowing species, and is generally considered to prefer sandy soils. Tadpoles were discovered living in a film of water on a rocky face, together with those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEBFFF9FD13F8BE1943F823" authority="(Channing & Willems 2018: 360)" baseAuthorityName="Channing & Willems" baseAuthorityPageNumber="360" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[649,1344,1899,1925]" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mutinondoensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEBFFF9FD13F8BE1FC0F823" box="[649,963,1899,1925]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Ptychadena mutinondoensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEBFFF9FC4AF8BE193BF823" author="Channing, A. & Willems, F." box="[976,1336,1899,1925]" pageId="10" pageNumber="371" pagination="349 - 366" refId="ref10128" refString="Channing, A. & Willems, F. (2018) A new grass frog with rupicolous tadpoles from northern Zambia (Anura: Ptychadenidae). Zootaxa, 4462 (3), 349 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4462.3.3" type="journal article" year="2018">Channing & Willems 2018: 360</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Calling males in Muso Hills and other sites in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="499D82DAFFEBFFF9FDF3F85A1ED8F80F" box="[617,731,1935,1961]" country="Zambia" name="Muchinga" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Muchinga</collectingRegion>
|
||
Highlands in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEBFFF9FCEDF85A1FCEF80F" box="[887,973,1935,1961]" name="Zambia" pageId="10" pageNumber="371">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
were consistently only found along pools and streams in rocky habitats.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFEAFFF8FF0DF8421CCEF872" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150523" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150523" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150523/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="372" startId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[183,1405,179,1917]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEAFFF8FF0DF8421CCEF872" blockId="11.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="372">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEAFFF8FF0DF8421CF9F809" bold="true" box="[151,250,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="372">FIGURE</emphasis>
|
||
1. Divergence estimation of single representatives of all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEAFFF8FCD6F84D1819F816" box="[844,1050,1944,1968]" pageId="11" pageNumber="372">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEAFFF8FCD6F84D1FC5F809" box="[844,966,1944,1967]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="372">Tomopterna</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, using 16S rRNA sequences. Ages in Mya.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFEDFFFFFF0DF8861DAEF85D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150525" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150525" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150525/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" startId="12.[151,250,1875,1899]" targetBox="[184,1403,181,1851]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEDFFFFFF0DF8861DAEF85D" blockId="12.[151,1436,1875,2043]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEDFFFFFF0DF8861D0EF8CD" bold="true" box="[151,269,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. A–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEDFFFFFEA2F8811EF3F8CD" authority="(Boulenger, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[312,752,1875,1899]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEDFFFFFEA2F8811E2CF8CD" box="[312,559,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Tomopterna tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEDFFFFFDA6F8861EEAF8CD" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[572,745,1875,1899]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" refId="ref9696" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1882) Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia s. Ecaudata in the collection of the British Museum. 2 nd Edition. Taylor and Francis, London, 256 pp., 16 pls." type="book" year="1882">Boulenger, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, illustration of the type by Ģnther (1865); C–A typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEDFFFFFAB4F8811CC2F829" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEDFFFFFAB4F8811CC2F829" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">T. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morph (PEM A15131) from Ongongo, Namibia (Photo A. Channing).; E–A brown
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEDFFFFFB84F8AD18ACF829" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[1054,1199,1911,1935]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEDFFFFFB84F8AD18ACF829" box="[1054,1199,1911,1935]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">T. tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
morph (PEM A15137) from Dumbo, Angola (Photo A. Channing). B–preserved
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEDFFFFFD73F849187FF815" authority="(Boulenger, 1896)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1896" box="[745,1148,1947,1971]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEDFFFFFD73F8491FBAF815" box="[745,953,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEDFFFFFC52F84E1876F815" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[968,1141,1947,1971]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" pagination="467 - 468" refId="ref9738" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Descriptions of two new frogs from Lake Tanganyika, presented to the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18, 467 - 468. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939608680490" type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PEM A15100) from Muso Hills, Zambia (Photo A. Channing); D–PEM A15100 in life (Photo F. Willems); F–Specimen (PEM A15134) from Iringa, Tanzania (Photo A. Channing).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFECFFFEFF0DFADF1D25FAE0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150527" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150527" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150527/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" startId="13.[151,250,1290,1314]" targetBox="[360,1227,181,1266]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFECFFFEFF0DFADF1D25FAE0" blockId="13.[151,1437,1290,1350]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFECFFFEFF0DFADF1D0FFA84" bold="true" box="[151,268,1290,1314]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
. Map of absence/presence of vertebral stripe distribution. White circles—no vertebral stripe, grey circles—vertebral stripe present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFECFFFEFF0DF8681E24F85C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150529" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150529" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150529/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" startId="13.[151,250,1981,2005]" targetBox="[283,1304,1379,1955]" targetPageId="13" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFECFFFEFF0DF8681E24F85C" blockId="13.[151,1436,1981,2042]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFECFFFEFF0DF8681D10F870" bold="true" box="[151,275,1981,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Sound spectrograms of typical advertisement calls of A–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFECFFFEFCC1F86B1851F870" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[859,1106,1982,2006]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tuberculosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFECFFFEFCC1F86B1851F870" box="[859,1106,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">Tomopterna tuberculosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ongongo, Namibia) and B–
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFECFFFEFAE1F86B1DCBF85C" authority="Muso Hills" authorityName="Muso Hills" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFECFFFEFAE1F86B1D4DF85C" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
Muso Hills
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Zambia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFEFFFFDFF0DFD41189EFD0A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150531" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150531" box="[151,1181,660,685]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150531/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" startId="14.[151,250,660,684]" targetBox="[248,1339,181,636]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEFFFFDFF0DFD41189EFD0A" blockId="14.[151,1181,660,685]" box="[151,1181,660,685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEFFFFDFF0DFD411D0EFD0B" bold="true" box="[151,269,660,685]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
|
||
. The holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEFFFFDFE5BFD401F4FFD0A" authority="Boulenger, 1896 BMNH" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[449,844,660,684]" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEFFFFDFE5BFD401E4FFD0A" box="[449,588,660,684]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Rana pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC831C9FFEFFFFDFDC8FD411EF9FD0A" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[594,762,660,684]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="467 - 468" refId="ref9738" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Descriptions of two new frogs from Lake Tanganyika, presented to the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 6, 18, 467 - 468. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939608680490" type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
BMNH
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
1947.2.1.36 (Photo J. Streicher).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF261CB0FFEFFFFDFF0DF8021807F856" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150533" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10150533" box="[151,1028,2007,2032]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150533/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" startId="14.[151,250,2007,2031]" targetBox="[311,1277,719,1984]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEFFFFDFF0DF8021807F856" blockId="14.[151,1028,2007,2032]" box="[151,1028,2007,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEFFFFDFF0DF8021D0EF856" bold="true" box="[151,269,2007,2032]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
|
||
. Muso Hills, Zambia rocky habitat and breeding pool (Photos F. Willems).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE64C38FFEEFFFCFF5DFF421CC9FEE7" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,321]" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5937BBFFEEFFFCFF5DFF421DACFF17" box="[199,431,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Pyxicephalidae" genus="Tomopterna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="15" pageNumber="376" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D902AFFEEFFFCFF5DFF421DACFF17" box="[199,431,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Tomopterna pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has only been genetically confirmed from eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFC65FF421856FF17" box="[1023,1109,151,177]" name="Zambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and south-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFAA2FF42199EFF17" box="[1336,1437,151,177]" name="Tanzania" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136250BDFFEEFFFCFF05FF6E1CE0FF73" box="[159,227,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1787,1811]" captionTargetBox="[267,1321,381,1763]" captionTargetId="figure-114@16.[267,1321,381,1763]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 7. Distribution of genetically confirmed records of T. tuberculosa (blue circles) and T. pulchra (red squares). Type localities indicated by stars. Arid corridor indicated by a dashed line." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10150535" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10150535/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although examination of specimens for the presence-absence of a vertebral stripe suggests that the species might be more widely distributed from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFD56FF0A1F47FF5F" box="[716,836,223,249]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
to northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFC4FFF0A183EFF5F" box="[981,1085,223,249]" name="Tanzania" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
, including north-west
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFADAFF0A199AFF5F" box="[1344,1433,223,249]" name="Zambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Some specimens from eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFE6CFED61E4FFEBB" box="[502,588,259,285]" name="Zambia" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Zambia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34E0CA8FFEEFFFCFD6BFED61F39FEBB" box="[753,826,259,285]" name="Kenya" pageId="15" pageNumber="376">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
exhibit no vertebral stipe and require genetic validation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |