282 lines
43 KiB
XML
282 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="D82D912A2EC95092215FCAD8602355B8">Male identification, generic classification and sexual dimorphism of Micronychus pardus (Kazantsev, 2018) comb. nov. (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Calochrominae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="34D9E293B6340B1F5E6FCAA8BEDE9D62">Motyka, Michal</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="04AA37188620EC588F6C1403960A45D1">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="434957F777E977413E2C47FC06F5C610">2019-08-16</mods:number>
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AF2FF48001619B9" bold="true" box="[151,779,153,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3AF2FF48016519BE" authority="(Kazantsev, 2018)" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[151,632,153,180]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AF2FF48028C19B9" bold="true" box="[151,401,153,180]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Micronychus pardus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B32463BFFDD3BC4FF48016D19BE" author="Kazantsev, S. V." box="[417,624,153,179]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" pagination="255 - 270" refId="ref3662" refString="Kazantsev, S. V. (2018) New and little known net-winged beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Crocker Range Mountains, Sabah, East Malaysia. Russian Entomological Journal, 27, 255 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 27.3.04" type="journal article" year="2018">Kazantsev, 2018</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457AA463BFFDD38E0FF4B001619B9" box="[645,779,154,180]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3296548463BFFDD3AF2FF0F025E1816" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AF2FF0F014E19FB" blockId="2.[151,595,221,283]" box="[151,595,221,246]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2311ED463BFFDD3AF2FF0F014E19FB" box="[151,595,221,246]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3AF2FF0F015319FB" authority="Kazantsev, 2018: 269" authorityName="Kazantsev" authorityPageNumber="269" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,590,221,246]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Calochromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AF2FF0F027719FB" box="[151,362,222,246]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Calochromus pardus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9210D2463BFFDD3B14FF0F015319FB" author="Kazantsev, S. V." box="[369,590,221,246]" page="269" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" year="2018">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B32463BFFDD3B14FF0F015319FB" author="Kazantsev, S. V." box="[369,590,221,246]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" pagination="255 - 270" refId="ref3662" refString="Kazantsev, S. V. (2018) New and little known net-winged beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Crocker Range Mountains, Sabah, East Malaysia. Russian Entomological Journal, 27, 255 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 27.3.04" type="journal article" year="2018">Kazantsev, 2018: 269</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AF2FED1025E1816" blockId="2.[151,595,221,283]" box="[151,323,256,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3AFAFED102261816" box="[159,315,256,283]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Figs 1–4, 6–7</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3296548463BFFDC3AF2FE96072D1BA7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AF2FE960231188B" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AF2FE96029C186F" bold="true" box="[151,385,327,354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B5B3C9E463BFFDD3BEDFE990235188B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2332675613" collectionCode="LMBC" county="Borneo" elevation="1650" location="Bolm" municipality="Gunung Emas" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sabah">
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<specimenCount id="9D35FD4A463BFFDD3BEDFE9902CB186F" box="[392,470,328,354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount id="9D35FD4A463BFFDD3B87FE99014C186F" box="[482,593,328,354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62ED4E4F463BFFDD3839FE9801AC186E" box="[604,689,329,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Borneo</collectingCounty>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49F7F821463BFFDD38D8FE990019186F" box="[701,772,328,354]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Sabah</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE8ACB9463BFFDD3975FE9900AF186E" box="[784,946,328,355]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Gunung Emas</collectingMunicipality>
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, km 53 road KK-Tambunan,
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<quantity id="4CCB9B26463BFFDD3E9EFE96064F186E" box="[1275,1362,327,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="1650.0">
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<elevation id="001ED1F0463BFFDD3E9EFE96064F186E" box="[1275,1362,327,355]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="1650.0">1650 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<location id="8EEC6018463BFFDD3F3BFE990681186F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87D5463BFFDC3AF2FF48072D1BA7:8EEC6018463BFFDD3F3BFE990681186F" box="[1374,1436,328,354]" county="Borneo" municipality="Gunung Emas" name="Bolm" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sabah">Bolm</location>
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lgt. (
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<collectionCode id="ED22AE06463BFFDD3AAEFEBD023C188B" box="[203,289,364,390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">LMBC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AA2FE41079A18A6" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" box="[199,1159,399,427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<materialsCitation id="3B5B3C9E463BFFDD3AA2FE41079E18A6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2332675611" box="[199,1155,399,427]" elevation="1725" location="Gunung Alab" municipality="Banjaran Crocker Mts" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sabah" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AA2FE41027B18A7" bold="true" box="[199,358,399,426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<typeStatus id="54888861463BFFDD3AA2FE41021F18A7" box="[199,258,400,426]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="49F7F821463BFFDD3B09FE4102EE18A6" box="[364,499,400,427]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Sabah prov.</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BE8ACB9463BFFDD3B9BFE4101E718A6" box="[510,762,400,427]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Banjaran Crocker Mts</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8EEC6018463BFFDD3960FE41008618A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039A87D5463BFFDC3AF2FF48072D1BA7:8EEC6018463BFFDD3960FE41008618A7" box="[773,923,400,426]" municipality="Banjaran Crocker Mts" name="Gunung Alab" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" stateProvince="Sabah">Gunung Alab</location>
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peak,
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<quantity id="4CCB9B26463BFFDD3980FE5E079E18A6" box="[997,1155,399,427]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="1725.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1650.0">
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<elevation id="001ED1F0463BFFDD3980FE5E079E18A6" box="[997,1155,399,427]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="m" value="1725.0" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1650.0">1650–1800 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AA2FE6200C61B8F" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AA2FE62025F18C3" bold="true" box="[199,322,435,462]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3B29FE65012818C3" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[332,565,436,462]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3B29FE65012818C3" box="[332,565,436,462]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Micronychus pardus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the only calochromine species which has female with net-like structure formed by elytral pubescence (
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<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3B89FE09012D18FF" box="[492,560,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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). The male is yellow and black coloured and according to our knowledge, there is no other species described from the area that resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3940FE2C00851B1B" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[805,920,508,534]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3940FE2C00851B1B" box="[805,920,508,534]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">M. pardus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in coloration or in shape of the genitalia (
|
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<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3F0AFE2D03B51B37" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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||
). Due to the identified polymorphism, we cannot exclude that some conspecific specimens collected at lower elevation might be differently coloured and they might have been earlier described as a different species. In addition, no comprehensive revision of Bornean
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<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3835FDB901FC1B8F" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1861" box="[592,737,616,642]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3835FDB901FC1B8F" box="[592,737,616,642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Micronychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is currently available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AA2FD5D01DB1C5F" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AA2FD5D02161BAB" bold="true" box="[199,267,652,678]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Male.</emphasis>
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Body
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||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463BFFDD3B36FD5D02BA1BAA" box="[339,423,652,679]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
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long, parallel-sided; head, antennae, thorax, abdomen and legs black, humeral part of elytra with small black patch, basal two-thirds of elytra yellow to orange, gradually lighter towards apex, apical third of elytra black, mandibles light brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3852FD0501CB1BE2" box="[567,726,724,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Figs 1, 3, 6, 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head small, frons with prominent antennal sockets and sharp straight longitudinal median depression; whole head with dense pubescence, setae short. Eyes small, hemispherically prominent, frontal interocular distance 1.83 times longer than maximum eye diameter. Labrum sclerotised, frontal margin straight; mandibles slender, long, with slightly overlapping tips when closed, outer margin of mandibles basally with several long setae, incisor simple, apices acute; maxillary palpi slender, four-segmented, with long setae, palpomere 1 as long as palpomere 2, palpomere 3 shortest, palpomere 4 longest, basally as wide as palpomeres 2 and 3, flattened and pointed apically. Labial palpi three-segmented (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD39C8FC7D00EE1ACA" box="[941,1011,940,967]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), similar in shape. Antennal tubercles prominent, separated with narrow, densely setose, flat area. Antennae 11-segmented, reaching half of elytral length; antennomeres 4–8 moderately serrate, with gradually smaller processes in apical part of antennae, antennomeres 9–11 filiform; scapus pear-shaped, pedicel short, antennomere 3 shorter than scapus, antennomere 6 longest, further antennomeres gradually shortened, antennomeres 8–11 subequal in length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3986FBED07381D5B" box="[995,1061,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pronotum slightly transverse to subquadrate with deep median groove and two longitudinal, obtuse keels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD39AAFBB1072F1D76" box="[975,1074,1120,1147]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Figs 1, 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), pronotum 1.2 times wider than length at base, anterior angles widely rounded, posterior ones slightly projected to rounded. Elytra flat, with rounded humeri, elytron with four weak, apically indistinct costae, secondary costae absent, elytra covered with dense short pubescence. Legs slender, laterally compressed, tarsi five-segmented, tarsomeres 1–4 gradually shorter, tarsomere 5 longest, claws simple. Male genitalia trilobate; phallus slender, slightly longer than parameres; parameres densely punctuated, basally narrow, gradually wider from middle part to apex; internal sac sclerotized, rod-shaped; phallobase asymmetrical, with lateral process (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3811FAE901A41C5F" box="[628,697,1336,1362]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDD3AA2FA8A029B1EBB" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AA2FA8A02C41C7B" bold="true" box="[199,473,1371,1398]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Redescription. Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Body small- to medium-sized,
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463BFFDD3953FA8A00FB1C7A" box="[822,998,1371,1399]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1275" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.975" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" unit="mm" value="11.275" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="9.75">9.75–12.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, elytra widened posteriorly. Head, antennae, thorax, abdomen and legs black, only longitudinal costae present, covered with brightly coloured pubescence; transverse elytral ‚costae‘ marked by pubescence only, setae orange to yellowish-brown, false elytral ‚cells‘ black, mandibles dark brown (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3B8BFA1901291CEF" box="[494,564,1480,1506]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head small, frons with prominent ridges above antennal tubercles and shallow longitudinal impression, whole head densely pubescent, setae short. Eyes small, hemispherically prominent, frontal interocular distance 1.9–2.0 times longer than maximum eye diameter. Labrum sclerotised, frontal margin rounded; mandibles slender, with slightly overlapping tips when closed, base with several long setae externally, incisor simple, apices acute; maxillary palpi slender, shorter than those of male, four-segmented with long setae, palpomere 1 as long as palpomere 3, palpomere 4 longest, bulbous, flattened apically. Labial palpi three-segmented. Antennal tubercles prominent, separated by narrow, densely pubescent, flat area. Antennae 11-segmented, compressed, reaching first quarter of elytral length; antennomeres 4–10 moderately serrate with gradually smaller terminal processes in apical part of antennae, antennomere 11 filiform; scapus pear-like, pedicel short, antennomere 3 shorter than scapus,. Pronotum transverse to subquadrate with deep central groove and two longitudinal obtuse keels (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3AC5F8E103F81E47" box="[160,229,1840,1866]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), pronotum 1.1 times wider than its length at base, anterior angles widely rounded, posterior only slightly projected. Elytra with rounded humeri, covered with dense short pubescence, elytron with four weak apically indistinct costae, secondary costae absent, pubescence arranged in ‚false transverse costae‘ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463BFFDD3EC3F8A907F31E9F" box="[1190,1262,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Legs slender, laterally compressed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463BFFDC3AA2F86E00CA19DA" blockId="2.[151,1437,327,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,152,683]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3AA2F86E02B21ED7" bold="true" box="[199,431,1983,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Generic placement.</emphasis>
|
||
All characters which define
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463BFFDD3894F811009F1ED7" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1861" box="[753,898,1984,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD3894F811009F1ED7" box="[753,898,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">Micronychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463BFFDD39F5F81000B61ED7" box="[912,939,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="179">i.e</emphasis>
|
||
., the sclerotized internal sac, antennomere 3 longer than antennomere 2, as they are described in the generic differential diagnosis above, are clearly present and, therefore, we propose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3BF7FF6D005619DA" authority="(Kazantsev, 2018)" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[402,843,188,215]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3BF7FF6D016A19DB" box="[402,631,188,214]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Micronychus pardus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B32463AFFDC38E0FF6C005919DA" author="Kazantsev, S. V." box="[645,836,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" pagination="255 - 270" refId="ref3662" refString="Kazantsev, S. V. (2018) New and little known net-winged beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Crocker Range Mountains, Sabah, East Malaysia. Russian Entomological Journal, 27, 255 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 27.3.04" type="journal article" year="2018">Kazantsev, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3932FF6C00CA19DA" bold="true" box="[855,983,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27457AA463AFFDC3932FF6C00CA19DA" box="[855,983,189,215]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463AFFDC3AA2FF31016519F6" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,683]" box="[199,632,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3AA2FF31027C19F6" bold="true" box="[199,353,224,251]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Borneo, Crocker Range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463AFFDC3AA2FED401BD186A" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3AA2FED402D71812" bold="true" box="[199,458,261,287]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Measurements. Male:</emphasis>
|
||
BL
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3B9CFED4014D1812" box="[505,592,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="8.1">8.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WH
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC38EAFED401FA1812" box="[655,743,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, EL
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC397CFED500631812" box="[793,894,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.55" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="6.55">6.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE06463AFFDC39ECFED400B41812" box="[905,937,261,287]" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC39CAFED4071B1812" box="[943,1030,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE06463AFFDC3E74FED407271812" box="[1041,1082,261,287]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3E24FED407851812" box="[1089,1176,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Edist
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3E86FED506551812" box="[1251,1352,260,287]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Ediam
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3AF2FEF803EF184E" box="[151,242,297,323]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3A9BFEF80242184E" bold="true" box="[254,351,297,323]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Female:</emphasis>
|
||
BL
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3BF6FEF90155184E" box="[403,584,296,323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1275" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.975" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="11.275" valueMax="12.8" valueMin="9.75">9.75–12.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
, WH
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC38E9FEF9002E184E" box="[652,819,296,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="2.575" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.25">2.25–2.90 mm</quantity>
|
||
, EL
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC390FFEF90703184E" box="[874,1054,296,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.675" metricValueMax="11.1" metricValueMin="8.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="9.675" valueMax="11.1" valueMin="8.25">8.25–11.10 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE06463AFFDC3E4EFEF80756184E" box="[1067,1099,297,323]" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3E31FEF907E6184E" box="[1108,1275,296,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.65" valueMin="1.35">1.35–1.65 mm</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED22AE06463AFFDC3F6DFEF8062C184E" box="[1288,1329,297,323]" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">PW</collectionCode>
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3F5FFEF903D8186A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Edist
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3B74FE9D02B5186A" box="[273,424,332,359]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="0.725" valueMax="0.85" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.85 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Ediam
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC3861FE9D0181186A" box="[516,668,332,359]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.45" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.45 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8C36C3463AFFDC3AA2FEA0072D1BA7" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3AA2FEA0022D1886" bold="true" box="[199,304,369,395]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Remark.</emphasis>
|
||
The sexual dimorphism is rarely observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC395DFEA100FE1887" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1857" box="[824,995,368,394]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Calochrominae">Calochrominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and this is only the second case where males and females differ in mimetic patterns. The first case was reported from Sumatra when two specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3AF2FE69023518DF" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,296,440,466]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3AF2FE69023518DF" box="[151,296,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Micronychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were photographed in copula (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13082A46463AFFDC38EDFE6901D618DE" box="[648,715,440,467]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1406,1431]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,184,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,179,1379]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. General appearance and diagnostic characters used for the species delimitation. 1. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., male, 2. General appearance of M. pardus comb. nov., female, 3. Male antennae, 4. Male genitalia of M. pardus comb. nov., 5. Male genitalia of Micronychus sp., 6. head of M. pardus comb. nov., 7. Pronotum of M. pardus comb. nov., 8. Pronotum of Calochromus glaucopterus. Scale bars (1–2) 2 mm, (3–7) 0.5 mm, (8) 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3371057/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4CCB9B26463AFFDC38D8FE6801D618DE" box="[701,715,441,467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B32463AFFDC3894FE6900D018DE" author="Motyka, M. & Kampova, L. & Bocak, L." box="[753,973,440,467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" pagination="3744" refId="ref4153" refString="Motyka, M., Kampova, L. & Bocak, L. (2018) Phylogeny and evolution of Mullerian mimicry in aposematic Dilophotes: evidence for advergence and size-constraints in evolution of mimetic sexual dimorphism. Scientific Reports, 8, 3744. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41598 - 018 - 22155 - 6" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||
Motyka
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3935FE68009F18DF" box="[848,898,440,466]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unlike the earlier example, the females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3AD0FE0D028718FB" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[181,410,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3AD0FE0D028718FB" box="[181,410,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Micronychus pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
represent a single known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3951FE0D00D818FB" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1861" box="[820,965,476,502]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3951FE0D00D818FB" box="[820,965,476,502]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">Micronychus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which mimics the reticulate elytral costae known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3B6DFDD102D01B17" authorityName="Kleine" authorityYear="1926" box="[264,461,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Metriorrhynchini">Metriorrhynchini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The longitudinal costae are present, although partly reduced in all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3EA4FDD106711B17" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1857" box="[1217,1388,512,538]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Calochrominae">Calochrominae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and they are also preserved in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3BD0FDF4013B1B33" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[437,550,548,575]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3BD0FDF402D11B33" box="[437,460,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3BBCFDF5013B1B33" box="[473,550,548,574]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The transverse costae are absent and detailed observation shows that transverse costae are completely absent also in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC384BFD9801BD1B6F" authorityName="Motyka" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="Kazantsev" baseAuthorityYear="2018" box="[558,672,584,611]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" genus="Micronychus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pardus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC384BFD9801581B6F" box="[558,581,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B947EAD1463AFFDC3836FD9901BD1B6F" box="[595,672,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="180">pardus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA24B32463AFFDC38C8FD98006E1B6E" author="Kazantsev, S. V." box="[685,883,585,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" pagination="255 - 270" refId="ref3662" refString="Kazantsev, S. V. (2018) New and little known net-winged beetles (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from the Crocker Range Mountains, Sabah, East Malaysia. Russian Entomological Journal, 27, 255 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.15298 / rusentj. 27.3.04" type="journal article" year="2018">Kazantsev (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
stated in the description that they are present, but it is only an optical illusion caused by the coloration of setae and their position. Despite recent extensive research in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC3AF2FD4103EE1BA7" box="[151,243,656,682]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Lycidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there has not been reported such resemblance in any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C334D40463AFFDC39EBFD4107311BA7" authorityName="Lacordaire" authorityYear="1857" box="[910,1068,656,682]" class="Insecta" family="Lycidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Calochromini">Calochromini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |