treatments-xml/data/03/DD/C5/03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

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21 KiB
XML

<document id="7210E1B82E6947F963EE7B1F786711DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="8172" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2c40cdd-768b-4061-8021-04054628d2bc" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529270" ID-ZooBank="01F09914-F48E-4A18-AFFF-5ECF52789200" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612951584895" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Macgowan, Iain" docDate="2021" docId="03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4926.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4926 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Lonchaea efate MacGowan 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="350" masterDocId="FFE4BD4F6A17FFA7522F387D0713FF9C" masterDocTitle="The Lonchaeidae of Vanuatu (Diptera: Schizophora)" masterLastPageNumber="362" masterPageNumber="342" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1698928581458" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="81353EF9F15EBB1FCF23100C6F81D006">The Lonchaeidae of Vanuatu (Diptera: Schizophora)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="05BBE389CACCD7B28492B4A6D0DAD5D4">Macgowan, Iain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="85D71137E3E2D9ECB5A06089EF6691A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6F2924A76D7FC4A621B4038443CA91E4">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E52F92D4CCB279707FB9DDB0B8E11AAE">2021-02-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FE6004F7E0FD82B8018C3D8FCCD85471">4926</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="733D75495671F6B3ABBE537DE7FC1FD5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4926.3.2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529262" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177420919" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529262" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<subSubSection id="C36E27AA6A10FFA052B83CFB0590FB3C" box="[151,643,1158,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A10FFA052B83CFB0590FB3C" blockId="7.[151,643,1158,1185]" box="[151,643,1158,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<heading id="D083C34D6A10FFA052B83CFB0590FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,643,1158,1185]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052B83CFB0590FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,643,1158,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<taxonomicName id="4C740FA26A10FFA052B83CFB0641FB3C" ID-CoL="8GSZM" authority="Macgowan, 2021" authorityName="MacGowan" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,338,1158,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="efate" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052B83CFB0641FB3C" bold="true" box="[151,338,1158,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">Lonchaea efate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23315486A10FFA053763CFA06A4FB3D" box="[345,439,1159,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Figures 20-22).
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E27AA6A10FFA052B83CB306F9F841" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A10FFA052B83CB30566FB75" blockId="7.[151,1437,1230,2013]" box="[151,629,1230,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052B83CB3063AFB74" bold="true" box="[151,297,1230,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">Description.</emphasis>
MALE: Body length
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A10FFA050313CB20563FB75" box="[542,624,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A10FFA052E83C8E0479FA5D" blockId="7.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052E83C8E0617FA91" box="[199,260,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">Head</emphasis>
: Eyes bare. Frons sub-shining black, dulled by microsculpture, narrowing slightly towards antennal bases, ratio of width at anterior margin to eye width 0.35:1. Frontal and interfrontal setulae short, not more than 0.2x length of orbital seta, becoming longer near anterior margin. Orbital plate smooth, shining black, bare apart from orbital seta. Lunule and parafacials densely silver pollinose, face lightly silver pollinose. Antennae black, pedicel brown apically. Postpedicel broadly orange on medial base, length to depth ratio 2.6:1. Arista microscopically pubescent. Anterior genal setulae in single row of five along mouth margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A10FFA052E83DB60391F905" blockId="7.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052E83DB60632FA79" box="[199,289,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">Thorax:</emphasis>
scutum shining blue-black, covered in setulae approximately 0.25x length of orbital seta. Anepisternum brightly shining blue-black, two long anterior setae, a long setula lying ventral to these, 3 posterior setae, remainder of sclerite with only a few short setulae. Katepisternum, one strong seta near dorsal margin. one seta on both proepimeron and proepisternum. Scutellum shining black, covered with slight greyish pollinosity, bare on disc, margin damaged with setae missing but at least one setula between apical and lateral setae. Calypteres; yellow-white with a brown fringe. Wings clear. Wing length
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A10FFA0508A3E0305E4F905" box="[677,759,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="7" pageNumber="349" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5mm</quantity>
. Legs black, t1 and t2 clear yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A10FFA052E83EDE06F9F841" blockId="7.[151,1437,1230,2013]" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A10FFA052E83EDE0697F921" box="[199,388,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="349">Male terminalia:</emphasis>
Epandrium spherical in shape, bearing a few scattered setulae along posterior and ventral margins. Cerci approximately same height as epandrium, a large hooded structure, covered externally with short setulae, attached to remainder of terminalia by a narrow curving basal section which has a row of five-seven strong setulae on ventral margin. Surstyli, simple elliptical lobes extending postero-ventrally from epandrium for approximately 0.3x their length, slightly truncated at posterior apex. Pregonites simple, blade-like without teeth or projections. Left pregonite 1.5x longer than right, narrowing gradually from base to a slightly blunt apex. Right pregonite shorter and narrower curving medially towards a bluntly pointed apex. Central plate (lying directly anterior to the base of the cerci) present, bearing a single medial tooth. Phallus, J-shaped, long and narrow with a slightly flared apex, basal arm 0.5x length of apical arm.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF0B24A96A1FFFAF52B83C0807DDFB49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4529284" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4529284" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4529284/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" startId="8.[151,264,1141,1165]" targetBox="[234,1338,225,1084]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A1FFFAF52B83C0807DDFB49" blockId="8.[151,1436,1141,1237]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF52B83C080658FB11" bold="true" box="[151,331,1141,1165]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">FIGURES 20-22</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C740FA26A1FFFAF537B3C0806E2FB11" authority="Macgowan, 2021" authorityName="MacGowan" authorityYear="2021" box="[340,497,1141,1165]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="efate" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF537B3C0806E2FB11" box="[340,497,1141,1165]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Lonchaea efate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23315486A1FFFAF53D53C080558FB10" box="[506,587,1141,1164]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
20. Epandrium and associated structures, ventral view (phallus removed and pregonites shaded to define their shape). 21. Lateral view, epandrium cut away anteriorly to show pregonites. 22. Phallus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C36E27AA6A1FFFAF52E83D7E06D9FA4E" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A1FFFAF52E83D7E03A3FA81" blockId="8.[151,1437,1283,1705]" box="[199,1200,1283,1311]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF52E83D7E067DFA81" bold="true" box="[199,366,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Type material</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B1C7E7C6A1FFFAF53533D7E03A3FA81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3037434312" box="[380,1200,1283,1311]" collectingDate="1998-03" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="N. L. H. Krauss" country="Vanuatu" location="Efate" municipality="Vila" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CFCA836A1FFFAF53533D7E06F7FA81" box="[380,484,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♂:
<collectingCountry id="F36334B16A1FFFAF50213D7E0581FA81" box="[526,658,1283,1309]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">VANUATU</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF508D3D7E05F1FA81" bold="true" box="[674,738,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<location id="8EAB22FA6A1FFFAF508D3D7E05F1FA81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DDC5376A10FFAF52B83CFB0627F935:8EAB22FA6A1FFFAF508D3D7E05F1FA81" box="[674,738,1283,1309]" country="Vanuatu" municipality="Vila" name="Efate" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Efate</location>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BAFEE5B6A1FFFAF50DF3D7E0432FA81" box="[752,801,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Vila</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF51033D7E0490FA81" box="[812,899,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1998-03">
<collectingDate id="EF8EAB096A1FFFAF51033D7E0490FA81" box="[812,899,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1998-03">iii.1998</collectingDate>
</date>
<collectorName id="268111F76A1FFFAF51A63D790328FA82" box="[905,1083,1284,1310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">N. L. H. Krauss</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="ED65ECE46A1FFFAF56653D7E03B7FA81" box="[1098,1188,1283,1309]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A1FFFAF52E83D5506D9FA4E" blockId="8.[151,1437,1283,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<typeStatus id="54CFCA836A1FFFAF52E83D55062BFADE" box="[199,312,1320,1346]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF536A3D5A0696FADD" bold="true" box="[325,389,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Efate</emphasis>
, Port-Vila,
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A1FFFAF50243D5A0576FADD" box="[523,613,1319,1345]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0-100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF505D3D5A05D8FADD" box="[626,715,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1981-03">iii.1981</date>
, N. L. H. Krauss, 2♂; Vila,
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A1FFFAF563D3D5A0378FADD" box="[1042,1131,1319,1345]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0-100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF56563D5A03C3FADD" box="[1145,1232,1319,1345]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1978-11">xi.1978</date>
, N. L. H. Krauss, 1♂.
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF52E33D3607E5FAF9" bold="true" box="[204,246,1355,1381]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Epi</emphasis>
, Vaemali,
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A1FFFAF535A3D3606F8FAFA" box="[373,491,1355,1382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="125.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="100.0">100-150m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF53D53D3605B3FAF9" box="[506,672,1355,1381]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1967-08-06" valueMax="1967-08-10" valueMin="1967-08-06">6-10 viii.1967</date>
, J. &amp; M. Sedlacek, 3♂; Vaemali,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF561E3D3603AAFAF9" box="[1073,1209,1355,1381]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1967-08-08">8. viii.1967</date>
, J. &amp; M. Sedlacek, 2♂; Lowekewou,
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A1FFFAF53493D1206D3FA15" box="[358,448,1391,1417]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="50.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="0.0">0-100m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF53E13D12054BFA15" box="[462,600,1391,1417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1979-08-31">31.viii.1979</date>
, W. C. Gagne &amp; G. M. Nishida, 1♂.
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF56253D1203AAFA15" bold="true" box="[1034,1209,1391,1417]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Espiritu Santo</emphasis>
, Luganville,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF577B3D1207EDFA32" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1958-08-20" valueMax="1958-08-30" valueMin="1958-08-20">20-30. viii.1958</date>
, B. Malkin, 1♂.
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF53973DEE0539FA31" bold="true" box="[440,554,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Malekula</emphasis>
, Lakatoro,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF50853DEE0437FA31" box="[682,804,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1967-09-29">29.ix.1967</date>
, J. &amp; M. Sedlacek, 1♂; Lakatoro,
<quantity id="4C8CD9C46A1FFFAF568E3DEE03E8FA31" box="[1185,1275,1427,1453]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="100.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="0.0">0-200m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFCA52E16A1FFFAF57293DEE0244FA31" box="[1286,1367,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" value="1973-02">ii.1973</date>
, N. L. H. Krauss, 1♂ (all
<collectionCode id="ED65ECE46A1FFFAF53443DC506ADFA4E" box="[363,446,1464,1490]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E27AA6A1FFFAF52E83DA6024CFA69" box="[199,1375,1499,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A1FFFAF52E83DA6024CFA69" blockId="8.[151,1437,1283,1705]" box="[199,1375,1499,1526]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF52E83DA6065DFA69" bold="true" box="[199,334,1499,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is derived from the island of Efate on which the
<typeStatus id="54CFCA836A1FFFAF567A3DA603AEFA69" box="[1109,1213,1499,1525]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
was captured.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36E27AA6A1FFFAF52E83D820627F935" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BCB74216A1FFFAF52E83D820627F935" blockId="8.[151,1437,1283,1705]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF52E83D820628F985" bold="true" box="[199,315,1535,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Remarks.</emphasis>
A typical member of the
<taxonomicName id="4C740FA26A1FFFAF507A3D8204F8F985" authority="Bezzi, 1920" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1920" box="[597,1003,1535,1561]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressifrons">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF507A3D820473F985" box="[597,864,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Lonchaea impressifrons</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE509D06A1FFFAF51493D8204F8F985" author="Bezzi, M." box="[870,1003,1535,1561]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" pagination="199 - 210" refId="ref10168" refString="Bezzi, M. (1920) Further Notes on the Lonchaeidae (Dipt.), with Descriptions of New Species from Africa and Asia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 11 (3), 199 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0007485300044643" type="journal article" year="1920">Bezzi, 1920</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
species group as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE509D06A1FFFAF57043D8207F6F9A2" author="McAlpine, J. F." pageId="8" pageNumber="350" pagination="1950 - 1951" refId="ref10550" refString="McAlpine, J. F. (1960) Chapter XVI. Diptera (Brachycera): Lonchaeidae. In: Hanstrom, B., Brink, P. &amp; Rudebeck, G. (Eds.), South African animal life. Results of the Lund University Expedition 1950 - 1951. Vol. 7. Almqvist and Wisell, Goteborg, Stockholm, Uppsala pp. 327 - 376." type="book chapter" year="1960">McAlpine (1960)</bibRefCitation>
. With long, stalked cerci and long, asymmetrical pregonites this species is perhaps most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C740FA26A1FFFAF57013E5E06BFF9FD" authority="de Meijere, 1910" authorityName="de Meijere" authorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF57013E5E07F6F9FD" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Lonchaea minuta</emphasis>
de Meijere, 1910
</taxonomicName>
known from
<collectingRegion id="49B0BAC36A1FFFAF50693E350569F9FE" box="[582,634,1608,1634]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">Java</collectingRegion>
, the male terminalia of which are illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE509D06A1FFFAF56B73E3A028AF9FD" author="McAlpine, J. F." box="[1176,1433,1607,1634]" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" pagination="989 - 1007" refId="ref10715" refString="McAlpine, J. F. (1975) Identities of lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) described by de Meijere, with notes on related species. The Canadian Entomologist, 107 (9), 989 - 1007. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 107989 - 9" type="journal article" year="1975">McAlpine (1975: 991)</bibRefCitation>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C740FA26A1FFFAF53253E11064FF919" authorityName="MacGowan" authorityYear="2021" box="[266,348,1643,1669]" class="Insecta" family="Lonchaeidae" genus="Lonchaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="efate">
<emphasis id="B900A8336A1FFFAF53253E11064FF919" box="[266,348,1643,1669]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="350">L. efate</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly distinctive in that the surstyli are longer and it is the left pregonite which is longer rather than the right.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>