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251 lines
36 KiB
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<document id="09C4DB984CCBBA566730CC8E95D1C7DA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5104.1.4" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6258051" ID-ZooBank="2A1CF95E-B7DF-47E4-9F8B-37ABEA6A05F7" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1645689545730" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gao, Yan, Potapov, Mikhail & Bu, Yun" docDate="2022" docId="F91B87CAFF9CFF9BBFA3C3A9F6383C4C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5104.1.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5104 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Isotomidae" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="0522FFB2FF9AFF9CBF34C513F3483F43" masterDocTitle="A new blind genus of Anurophorinae (Collembola: Isotomidae) with seven anal spines from Northwest China" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="80" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1731937379226" updateUser="juliana" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="E7B815C58A7D796C4731821130FCC69A">A new blind genus of Anurophorinae (Collembola: Isotomidae) with seven anal spines from Northwest China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="9C6198852CAE17419B48BDF80A0A15F5" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="80966D65FF29BA9790B5149AEFCDFB5C">Gao, Yan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3587DF1FAB121C94A4E6263C400D3319">Natural History Research Center, Shanghai NaturalHistory Museum, Shanghai Science & Technology Museum, Shanghai 200041, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="863F38209F90F8C70CBEFC68FD08C35B" type="email">gaoy@sstm.org.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="2A3F25FD4E20AD44A5568C1D889CAD06">Potapov, Mikhail</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EF822AC5E0EF7D873003303203C21D69" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6111-3354</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="E992DEF6C611DD660163F1A873415288">Moscow State Pedagogical University, Kibalchich str., 6, korp. 3, Moscow 129278, Russia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FD23F33C7D7B3CC05F3467BDD1320FFA" type="email">mpnk@yandex.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9C32B4AFF64BCD98E9DACF9FBFABC336">Bu, Yun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A8A21BA3A99C9412CDDE28683A4878FB">Natural History Research Center, Shanghai NaturalHistory Museum, Shanghai Science & Technology Museum, Shanghai 200041, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="0C965A3125B095FBE8E36C6C1530B8DE" type="email">buy@sstm.org.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="2E281CA591661ACB3E47DFD85D141B88">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="34CD34CEDC39E4449BA4EDB4DDF400FC">
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<mods:date id="22180E266A4E7EDFF02E9096DF97D95E">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EE69536705B6FE6DE29C8599D0A25859">2022-02-24</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F010CBF1D3F715DA978F9282CB0BFAAE">5104</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7BF39395105DE1387793D2B5926C7E12" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5104.1.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="F91B87CAFF9CFF9BBFA3C3A9F6383C4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91B87CAFF9CFF9BBFA3C3A9F6383C4C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F91B87CAFF9CFF9BBFA3C3A9F6383C4C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection id="39A86557FF9CFF9ABFA3C3A9F1AC3997" box="[151,740,1722,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="710D36DCFF9CFF9ABFA3C3A9F1AC3997" blockId="6.[151,740,1722,1748]" box="[151,740,1722,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="2A4581B0FF9CFF9ABFA3C3A9F1AC3997" bold="true" box="[151,740,1722,1748]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABFA3C3A9F1AC3997" bold="true" box="[151,740,1722,1748]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">
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Value of anal spines in taxonomy of
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABD6DC3A9F1AC3997" ID-CoL="BGK" box="[601,740,1722,1748]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Isotomidae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39A86557FF9CFF9BBFA3C211F6383C4C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" type="description">
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<paragraph id="710D36DCFF9CFF9BBFA3C211F1813F96" blockId="6.[151,1437,1794,2036]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,150,783]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="87" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">
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The modern generic system of
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABECBC211F133385F" box="[511,635,1794,1820]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Isotomidae</taxonomicName>
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is not finalized in spite of recent progress in understanding the value of several characters, such as development of furca, secondary sexual dimorphism and anal spines. Furca as a generic character has been criticised by
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABD55C259F0533827" author="Fjellberg, A." box="[609,795,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="453 - 473" refId="ref3947" refString="Fjellberg, A. (1993) Revision of European and North African Folsomides Stach with special emphasis on the Canarian fauna (Collembola: Isotomidae). Entomologica Scandinavica, 23, 453 - 473. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631292 X 00245" type="journal article" year="1993">Fjellberg (1993)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABC1DC259F0A03826" author="Potapov, M." box="[809,1000,1866,1893]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="29 - 34" refId="ref4507" refString="Potapov, M. (1997 b) Towards a new systematics of Isotomidae (Collembola). Examples from Pseudanurophorus Stach, 1922 with description of a new furcate species from NE Asia. Pedobiologia, 41, 29 - 34." type="journal article" year="1997">Potapov (1997b)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABCC1C259F67B3827" author="Potapov, M. B. & Stebaeva, S. K." box="[1013,1331,1866,1892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="438 - 443" refId="ref4688" refString="Potapov, M. B. & Stebaeva, S. K. (2002) New species and diagnosis of the genus Isotomodella (Collembola, Isotomidae). Zoologicheski Zhurnal, 81, 438 - 443." type="journal article" year="2002">Potapov & Stebaeva (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABA74C259F26D38CA" author="Potapov, M. & Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A." pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4550" refString="Potapov, M., Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A. (2006) Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. Redefinition of genera and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Weberacantha (Collembola, Isotomidae). Zootaxa, 1382 (1), 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1382.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Potapov
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABFA3C27CF38238CB" box="[151,202,1902,1928]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">et al</emphasis>
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. (2006)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and others. Strong and weak sexual dimorphism of
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABC49C27DF0B138CB" box="[893,1017,1902,1928]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Isotomidae</taxonomicName>
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was reviewed by
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABBFFC27DF2E738EF" author="Palacios-Vargas, J. G. & Castano-Meneses, G." pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="959 - 963" refId="ref4383" refString="Palacios-Vargas, J. G. & Castano-Meneses, G. (2009) Importance and evolution of sexual dimorphism in different families of Collembola (Hexapoda). Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 44, 959 - 963. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0100 - 204 X 2009000800024" type="journal article" year="2009">Palacios-Vargas & Castaňo-Meneses (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABED3C281F07B38EF" author="Chimitova, A. & Potapov, M." box="[487,819,1938,1964]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="322 - 336" refId="ref3722" refString="Chimitova, A. & Potapov, M. (2011) Epitoky in Scutisotoma stepposa (Collembola; Isotomidae). Soil Organisms, 83 (3), 322 - 336." type="journal article" year="2011">Chimitova & Potapov (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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. This phenomenon was found within “non-dimorphic” genera, such as
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABE7CC2A4F12A3893" authority="Borner, 1906" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1906" box="[328,610,1974,2000]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Vertagopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABE7CC2A4F28E3893" box="[328,454,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">Vertagopus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABEF8C2A5F12A3893" author="Borner, C." box="[460,610,1974,2000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="147 - 188" refId="ref3690" refString="Borner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum, 23, 147 - 188." type="journal article" year="1906">Börner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABD58C2A5F09F3893" authority="Potapov et al., 2009" authorityName="Potapov" authorityYear="2009" box="[620,983,1974,2000]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Isotopenola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABD58C2A5F1B83893" box="[620,752,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">Isotopenola</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABDC3C2A5F09F3893" author="Potapov, M. & Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A. & Greenslade, P." box="[759,983,1974,2000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref4614" refString="Potapov, M., Babenko, A., Fjellberg, A. & Greenslade, P. (2009) Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. II. A revision of the genus Subisotoma and a description of Isotopenola gen. nov. (Collembola: Isotomidae). Zootaxa, 2314 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2314.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">
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Potapov
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABC6EC2A4F0C33893" box="[858,907,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">et al</emphasis>
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., 2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABCD0C2A5F7913893" authority="Borner, 1906" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1906" box="[996,1241,1974,2000]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Agrenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABCD0C2A5F7753893" box="[996,1085,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">Agrenia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABB70C2A5F7913893" author="Borner, C." box="[1092,1241,1974,2000]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="147 - 188" refId="ref3690" refString="Borner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum, 23, 147 - 188." type="journal article" year="1906">Börner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9CFF9ABA27C2A5F27F38B7" authority="Bagnall, 1948" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1948" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Scutisotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9CFF9ABA27C2A5F6D43893" box="[1299,1436,1974,2000]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="86">Scutisotoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9CFF9ABFA3C2C9F27F38B7" author="Bagnall, R. S." box="[151,311,2010,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="86" pagination="529 - 541" refId="ref3638" refString="Bagnall, R. S. (1948) Contributions toward a knowledge of the Isotomidae (Collembola) I - VI. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 1 (8), 529 - 541. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934808653930" type="journal article" year="1948">Bagnall, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. A few dimorphic species of these genera diminished the value of this character in generic taxonomy and compromised the status of
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBECCC584F0433FF2" authority="Borner, 1906" authorityName="Borner" authorityYear="1906" box="[504,779,151,177]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Guthriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBECCC584F1253FF2" box="[504,621,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Guthriella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD41C584F0433FF2" author="Borner, C." box="[629,779,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="147 - 188" refId="ref3690" refString="Borner, C. (1906) Das System der Collembolen nebst Beschreibung neuer Collembolen des Hamburger Naturhistorischen Museums. Mitteilungen aus dem Naturhistorischen Museum, 23, 147 - 188." type="journal article" year="1906">Börner, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBC23C584F0A73FF2" authority="Najt, 1977" authorityName="Najt" authorityYear="1977" box="[791,1007,151,177]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Jestella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBC23C584F0253FF2" box="[791,877,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Jestella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBC41C584F0A73FF2" author="Najt, J." box="[885,1007,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="363 - 375" refId="ref4314" refString="Najt, J. (1977) Un nouveau genre de Collembole Isotomidae du Nepal: Jestella siva n. g. n. sp. Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie, 7, 363 - 375." type="journal article" year="1977">Najt, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBB1FC584F6183FF2" authority="Salmon, 1945" authorityName="Salmon" authorityYear="1945" box="[1067,1360,150,177]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Rhodanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBB1FC584F7E43FF2" box="[1067,1196,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Rhodanella</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBB80C584F6183FF2" author="Salmon, J. T." box="[1204,1360,150,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="68 - 71" refId="ref4979" refString="Salmon, J. T. (1945) Notes and synonymy on some generic names of the Collembola. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 75, 68 - 71." type="journal article" year="1945">Salmon, 1945</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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which were erected after spectacular sexual dimorphism.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="710D36DCFF9DFF9BBFF3C5CBF6383C4C" blockId="7.[151,1437,150,783]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">
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Anal spines (spines at the end of abdomen) of isotomid genera were discussed previously (
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBBECC5CBF6D03FB1" author="Deharveng, L." box="[1240,1432,216,242]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="551 - 573" refId="ref3833" refString="Deharveng, L. (1978) Contribution a l'etude des Anurophorinae a epines anales (Collembola, Isotomidae). Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 15, 551 - 573." type="journal article" year="1978">Deharveng 1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBFA3C5EFF21F3E54" author="Greenslade, P." box="[151,343,252,279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="134 - 141" refId="ref4050" refString="Greenslade, P. (2015) Synonymy of two monobasic Anurophorinae genera (Collembola: Isotomidae) from the Antarctic Continent. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 38, 134 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1033810" type="journal article" year="2015">Greenslade 2015</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBE56C5EEF1773E55" author="Potapov, M. & Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A." box="[354,575,252,279]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4550" refString="Potapov, M., Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A. (2006) Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. Redefinition of genera and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Weberacantha (Collembola, Isotomidae). Zootaxa, 1382 (1), 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1382.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Potapov
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBEF1C5EEF2BE3E55" box="[453,502,252,278]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
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. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD7EC5EFF1CD3E55" author="Potapov, M. B. & Bu, Y. & Huang, C. W. & Gao, Y. & Luan, Y. X." box="[586,645,252,278]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="13 - 23" refId="ref4757" refString="Potapov, M. B., Bu, Y., Huang, C. W., Gao, Y. & Luan, Y. X. (2010) Generic switch-over during ontogenesis in Dimorphacanthella gen. n. (Collembola, Isotomidae) with barcoding evidence. ZooKeys, 73, 13 - 23. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 73.839" type="journal article" year="2010">2010</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBDA4C5EFF1853E55" author="Potapov, M. B. & Nakamori, T. & Saitoh, S. & Kuznetsova, N. & Babenko, A." box="[656,717,252,278]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="312 - 324" refId="ref4829" refString="Potapov, M. B., Nakamori, T., Saitoh, S., Kuznetsova, N. & Babenko, A. (2017). New or little-known taxa of Anurophorinae (Collembola) with anal spines from East Asia with notes on DNA barcode. Zootaxa, 4318 (2), 312 - 324. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4318.2.5" type="journal article" year="2017">2017</bibRefCitation>
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). The use of this character is somewhat complicated by ecomorphosis since the ecomorphic specimens having spines sometimes led to the description of “false genera” (
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBA6DC432F28E3E1D" authority="Martynova, 1971" authorityName="Martynova" authorityYear="1971" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Tetracanthura" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBA6DC432F3B43E1D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Tetracanthura</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBE37C456F28E3E1D" author="Martynova, E." box="[259,454,324,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="598 - 611" refId="ref4279" refString="Martynova, E. F (1971) New species of springtails (Collembola) from mountain and steppe regions of the USSR. Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS, 50, 598 - 611." type="journal article" year="1971">Martynova, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBEE6C457F1A23E1D" authority="Stach, 1926" authorityName="Stach" authorityYear="1926" box="[466,746,324,350]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Spinisotoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBEE6C457F1143E1D" box="[466,604,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Spinisotoma</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD57C457F1A23E1D" author="Stach, J." box="[611,746,324,350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="579 - 589" refId="ref5034" refString="Stach, J. (1926) Spinisotoma pectinata n. g., n. sp. eine neue, interessante Gattung der Familie Isotomidae (Schffr. CB) [ordo Collembola]. Bulletin de l'Academie Polonaise des Sciences et des Lettres. Classes des Sciences Mathematiques et Naturelles, Serie B: Sciences Naturelles, 579 - 589." type="book chapter" year="1926">Stach, 1926</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBDC1C457F0943E1C" authority="Wray, 1952" authorityName="Wray" authorityYear="1952" box="[757,988,324,351]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Cliforga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBDC1C457F01B3E1D" box="[757,851,324,350]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Cliforga</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBC6EC456F0943E1C" author="Wray, D. L." box="[858,988,324,351]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="95 - 106" refId="ref5247" refString="Wray, D. L. (1952) Some new North American Collembola. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society, 47, 95 - 106." type="journal article" year="1952">Wray, 1952</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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) in the past. Typical “unspined” genera, however, can also include species with spine-like setae, thin spines or protuberances at the end of abdomen, for example,
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBFDDC49FF15D3EE5" authority="Willem, 1902" authorityName="Willem" authorityYear="1902" box="[233,533,396,422]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Cryptopygus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBFDDC49FF2303EE5" box="[233,376,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Cryptopygus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBE49C49FF15D3EE5" author="Willem, V." box="[381,533,396,422]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="260 - 262" refId="ref5178" refString="Willem, V. (1902) Les collemboles recueillis par l'expedition antarctique belge. Annals of the society for Entomology of Belgium, 45, 260 - 262." type="journal article" year="1902">Willem, 1902</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBD11C49FF0723EE4" authority="Wise, 1967" authorityName="Wise" authorityYear="1967" box="[549,826,396,423]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Cryptopygus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terranova">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBD11C49FF1FA3EE5" box="[549,690,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">C. terranova</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD8DC49FF0723EE4" author="Wise, K. A. J." box="[697,826,396,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="123 - 148" refId="ref5208" refString="Wise, K. A. J. (1967) Collembola (Springtails). Antarctic Research Series, 10, 123 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 010 p 0123" type="journal article" year="1967">Wise, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBC79C49FF78D3EE4" authority="Christiansen, 1951" authorityName="Christiansen" authorityYear="1951" box="[845,1221,396,423]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Weberacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBC79C49FF0A63EE5" box="[845,1006,396,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Weberacantha</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBCC0C49FF78D3EE4" author="Christiansen, K. A." box="[1012,1221,396,423]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="24 - 31" refId="ref3756" refString="Christiansen, K. A. (1951) Notes on Alaskan Collembola. I. A new genus and species of the family Isotomidae. Psyche, 58, 24 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1951 / 70857" type="journal article" year="1951">Christiansen, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBBE0C49EF24D3E88" authority="Christiansen, 1951" authorityName="Christiansen" authorityYear="1951" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Weberacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octa">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBBE0C49EF66E3EE5" box="[1236,1318,397,422]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">W. octa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBA18C49FF24D3E88" author="Christiansen, K. A." pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="24 - 31" refId="ref3756" refString="Christiansen, K. A. (1951) Notes on Alaskan Collembola. I. A new genus and species of the family Isotomidae. Psyche, 58, 24 - 31. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 1951 / 70857" type="journal article" year="1951">Christiansen, 1951</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBE2CC4A3F2E93E89" authorityName="Bagnall" authorityYear="1948" box="[280,417,432,458]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Scutisotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBE2CC4A3F2E93E89" box="[280,417,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Scutisotoma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBE84C4A3F19B3E89" authority="Dunger, 1982" authorityName="Dunger" authorityYear="1982" box="[432,723,432,459]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Scutisotoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fjellbergi">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBE84C4A3F1793E89" box="[432,561,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">S. fjellbergi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD03C4A2F19B3E89" author="Dunger, W." box="[567,723,432,459]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="35 - 74" refId="ref3868" refString="Dunger, W. (1982) Collembolen (Insecta, Collembola) aus der Mongolischen Volksrepublik. II. Isotomidae. Annales historiconaturales Musei nationalis hungarici, 74, 35 - 74." type="journal article" year="1982">Dunger, 1982</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBDD2C4A3F75E3E89" authority="Nicolet, 1842" authorityName="Nicolet" authorityYear="1842" box="[742,1046,432,458]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Anurophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBDD2C4A3F0313E89" box="[742,889,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Anurophorus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBC4BC4A3F75E3E89" author="Nicolet, H." box="[895,1046,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref4350" refString="Nicolet, H. (1842) Recherches pour servir l'histoire des Podurelles. Neue Denkschriften der Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fu ¨ r die Gesammten Naturwissenschaften, 6, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1842">Nicolet, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBB11C4A3F64F3E89" authority="Yosii, 1939" authorityName="Yosii" authorityYear="1939" box="[1061,1287,432,458]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Anurophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rarus">
|
|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBB11C4A3F7C93E89" box="[1061,1153,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">A. rarus</emphasis>
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|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBBB3C4A3F64F3E89" author="Yosii, R." box="[1159,1287,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="348 - 391" refId="ref5332" refString="Yosii, R. (1939) Isotomid Collembola of Japan. Tenthredo, 2, 348 - 391." type="journal article" year="1939">Yosii, 1939</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBA28C4A3F39A3EAC" author="Greenslade, P." pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="134 - 141" refId="ref4050" refString="Greenslade, P. (2015) Synonymy of two monobasic Anurophorinae genera (Collembola: Isotomidae) from the Antarctic Continent. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 38, 134 - 141. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00779962.2015.1033810" type="journal article" year="2015">Greenslade 2015</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBFEAC4C6F2883EAC" author="Potapov, M. & Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A." box="[222,448,468,495]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref4550" refString="Potapov, M., Babenko, A. & Fjellberg, A. (2006) Taxonomy of the Proisotoma complex. Redefinition of genera and description of new species of Scutisotoma and Weberacantha (Collembola, Isotomidae). Zootaxa, 1382 (1), 1 - 74. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1382.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Potapov
|
|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBE76C4C6F23C3EAD" box="[322,372,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2006
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
). In these cases the conventional “anal spines” often vary depending on specimen, they are rather thin and never have papilla. The similar ambiguity of anal spines occurs in other taxa of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBBD5C4EBF62F3D51" authorityName="Lubbock" authorityYear="1870" box="[1249,1383,504,530]" class="Collembola" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="class">Collembola</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The number of spines in large genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBD31C70EF0A03D74" authority="Dalla Torre, 1895" authorityName="Dalla Torre" authorityYear="1895" box="[517,1000,540,567]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Friesea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBD31C70EF1133D75" box="[517,603,541,566]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Friesea</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBD56C70FF0603D74" author="Dalla Torre, K. W." box="[610,808,540,567]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 26" refId="ref3802" refString="Dalla Torre, K. W. (1895) Die Gattungen und Arten der Apterygogenea (Brauer). Programme K Staats-Gymnamium Inssbruck, 46, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1895">Dalla Torre, 1895</bibRefCitation>
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(Poduromorpha)
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
varies from 0 to 16 depending on species or from
|
|
<quantity id="B64A9B39FF9DFF9BBE12C753F2DA3D19" box="[294,402,576,603]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.667" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" unit="in" value="10.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="8.0">8 to 13 in</quantity>
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the single species
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<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBD51C752F0213D19" authority="Wise, 1967" authorityName="Wise" authorityYear="1967" box="[613,873,576,602]" class="Collembola" family="Neanuridae" genus="Friesea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tilbrooki">
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|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBD51C752F1A83D19" box="[613,736,576,602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">F. tilbrooki</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBDDCC753F0213D19" author="Wise, K. A. J." box="[744,873,576,602]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="123 - 148" refId="ref5208" refString="Wise, K. A. J. (1967) Collembola (Springtails). Antarctic Research Series, 10, 123 - 148. https: // doi. org / 10.1029 / AR 010 p 0123" type="journal article" year="1967">Wise, 1967</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
, while the number of spines in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBBFDC753F6163D19" authorityName="Bagnall RS" authorityYear="1935" box="[1225,1374,576,602]" class="Collembola" family="Tullbergiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tullbergiidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(also belonging to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBE1FC777F29B3D3C" authorityName="Borner C" authorityYear="1913" box="[299,467,612,639]" class="Collembola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poduromorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Poduromorpha</taxonomicName>
|
|
) is more conservative and is reliably used in generic taxonomy. Anal spines have been shown to be constant in the course of postembryonic ontogenesis (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBCBCC79BF70D3DE1" author="Deharveng, L." box="[904,1093,648,674]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="551 - 573" refId="ref3833" refString="Deharveng, L. (1978) Contribution a l'etude des Anurophorinae a epines anales (Collembola, Isotomidae). Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 15, 551 - 573." type="journal article" year="1978">Deharveng 1978</bibRefCitation>
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|
) with rare exclusions (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBA7EC79AF2613D85" authorityName="Potapov, MB, Bu, Y, Huang, C-W, Gao, Y & Luan, Y-X" authorityYear="2010" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" genus="Dimorphacanthella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBA7EC79AF2613D85" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">Dimorphacanthella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
). In spite of cases noted above, the number and the position of anal spines remains a key generic character among so-called “spined” genera of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B6B24D5FFF9DFF9BBD59C7C3F1A13DA9" box="[621,745,720,746]" class="Collembola" family="Isotomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Isotomidae</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBDCCC7C3F0FF3DA9" author="Deharveng, L." box="[760,951,720,746]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="551 - 573" refId="ref3833" refString="Deharveng, L. (1978) Contribution a l'etude des Anurophorinae a epines anales (Collembola, Isotomidae). Revue d'Ecologie et de Biologie du Sol, 15, 551 - 573." type="journal article" year="1978">Deharveng 1978</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="15234B2DFF9DFF9BBCF6C7C2F7E83DA9" author="Potapov, M. B. & Nakamori, T. & Saitoh, S. & Kuznetsova, N. & Babenko, A." box="[962,1184,720,747]" pageId="7" pageNumber="87" pagination="312 - 324" refId="ref4829" refString="Potapov, M. B., Nakamori, T., Saitoh, S., Kuznetsova, N. & Babenko, A. (2017). New or little-known taxa of Anurophorinae (Collembola) with anal spines from East Asia with notes on DNA barcode. Zootaxa, 4318 (2), 312 - 324. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4318.2.5" type="journal article" year="2017">
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|
Potapov
|
|
<emphasis id="43C6EACEFF9DFF9BBB10C7C2F71E3DA9" box="[1060,1110,720,746]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="87">et al</emphasis>
|
|
. 2017
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
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|
). In this paper we take the most widely accepted position regarding the pair of true anal spines as an apomorphy of a particular genus.
|
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</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |