176 lines
26 KiB
XML
176 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="EC1C054258A52FA7E2EA35FE13D2DECC" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c5ab629-fbd5-4afe-8255-6100776ac930" ModsDocID="4576" checkinTime="1243376360196" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Kempf, W. W." docDate="1964" docId="E0135A984148A8D7D6DC2317710EE097" docLanguage="en" docName="4576" docOrigin="Studia Entomologica (N. S.) 7" docSource="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4576/4576.pdf" docTitle="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Kempf, 1964, n. stat." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="D0F99FE5C75DA6315BAA26A709BD30A2" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Neotropical fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex Mayr. Part I. Group of strigatus Mayr (Hym., Formicidae)." masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1701312402132" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="79948AD8296E0F2620521204B67165C9">
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<mods:title id="AE7CB44E9D8B713E63147E7754251840">A revision of the Neotropical fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex Mayr. Part I. Group of strigatus Mayr (Hym., Formicidae).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="135B27FA7FB38E995992B32FF4A7C02E">Kempf, W. W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="67F627B6FDDCCFE2B4BACBDA8485946C">Studia Entomologica (N. S.)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9BC485E019FED356F7D61C7A5169C5A6">1964</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8FF80C484B3D8AA8CAF232EF48B8F16C">7</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="29A99804E4E0F59B098745138FCBA78E">http://antbase.org/ants/publications/4576/4576.pdf</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="F9DB25958E20FAB0AC4370A3DCA00F3D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="BA9BC1A5F7D9BBA155B90F36BC34DAD8" type="HNS-Pub">4576</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E0135A984148A8D7D6DC2317710EE097" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6285122" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100127516" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6285122" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E0135A984148A8D7D6DC2317710EE097" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E0135A984148A8D7D6DC2317710EE097" lastPageNumber="25" pageNumber="23">
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<subSubSection id="E67A4DDF07F69F1EDC98C8D78F703E5F" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D5378054540D283B2BF868C1B5814BDE" pageNumber="23">
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6.
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<taxonomicName id="E0CC058749A4BDD687B39E5A83120950" ID-CoL="6C93Q" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="892AF40BE11BB46AF0549D719350CE51">n. stat.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6E67E7DB996FCD78FC521C1E6A266524" type="description">
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<paragraph id="19E99BCFEFBE9620BA33599708A5A556" pageNumber="23">(Figs. 5, 15, 31, 47)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D35A9348222948D68B7E25DF4E39C9A" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="200F89CFD8254B3A58AAC892980E2CE9" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="167498490D3AAA92C4DD58CC94F260B7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:137347" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus subsp. faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bigibbosus" subSpecies="faunulus">
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Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus
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<taxonomicName id="4403E1A2BBCB470E72081ADB50F5A693" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus Wheeler</taxonomicName>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 1925: 44-45 (Worker, female; British Guiana: Kartabo, Camaria; Bion.). - Weber, 1938: 187 (British Guiana: Forest Settlement, Mazaruni River). - Weber, 1946: 124-126, pls. 2. 8 (British Guiana; Bion.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1CD5BF9248143D104D598B0C215686D6" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="34865AE41AA0C4A101A001DD200858E7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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: Weber, 1938 (nec Emery, 1894): 203 (Bolivia: Convendo, Huachi, Lower Rio Madidi, Cachuela Esperanza, Won, Riberalta). - Weber, 1940: 413 (Key). - Weber, 1945: 14-16 (British Guiana, Trinidad; Bion.). - Weber, 1946: 122-124, Pl. 1 (British Guiana: Oronoque River;.Bion.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="90A1A0294D0985042EB75747D30963FE" pageNumber="23">
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<taxonomicName id="AA3C18D0452F3DE5829420D09CABF3F8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="bigibbosus" subSpecies="petiolatus">
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Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus
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<taxonomicName id="53D06580C3D7531A891BE77E19DC8F42" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus Weber</taxonomicName>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 1938: 187-188 (Worker, female; Bolivia: Lower Madidi River, Cavinas). -
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F83756D82BCE07F2479AF292D358BAD6">NOV. SYN.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="370477416FD9D812BAF5D87F35F33D1D" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A97E6A400AC4943C7FCDA4838D0FF205" pageNumber="23">
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Types. - Workers and female of
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<taxonomicName id="8222284F2BC4C3C66296D97AA201ED5B" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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(MCZ) from Kartabo (type locality) and Camaria, British Guiana, and a worker of
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<taxonomicName id="AB9B98BA7375D6D56870665C93C112FA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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(NAW) from Lower Rio Madidi, Bolivia, examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6C06A6ADE83632DD4D9C10B2D00FCC2F" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="862143FB328B519E2BBEAF0A73B44494" pageNumber="23">
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Worker. - Total length 3.4-4.0 mm; head length 0.80- 0.98 mm; head width 0.75-0.85 mm; thorax length 1.01-1,20 mm; hind femur length 0.96-1.20 mm. Yellowish-brown to fuscous-ferruginous; opaque. Very close to
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<taxonomicName id="B2B2705135758940584D655BC57D0E37" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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with the following differences:' 1. Color more uniform, and averaging larger in size. 2. Occipital corners auriculate and projecting (Figs. 5, 47). 3. Thorax: midpronotal tubercle low; anterior mesonotal tubercles very strong and conical, posterior tubercles low and feeble; anteroinferior corner of pronotum less acute; mesoepinotal constriction deeper (Fig. 15). 4. Petiole slightly broader, anterior corners angular in dorsal view. Postpetiole deeper, the posterior border not excised mesially nor flanked by prominent tubercles (Fig. 31.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="210D215FC0EE6CC4EECA993C9C8DD7BA" pageNumber="24">
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Female. - Total length 4.2-4.8 mm; head length 0.96- 1.07 mm; head width 0.83-0.93 mm; thorax length 1.25-1.41 mm; hind femur length 1.07-1.28 mm. Resembling the worker with the differences of the caste. Quite close to
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<taxonomicName id="40D606685E480C3A82B73A83A2F87E22" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28515" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex auritus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auritus">auritus</taxonomicName>
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, with the following distinctive features: Carinae flanking frontal area obsolete, carinae of vertex extremely weak. Sides of head lacking a subcarinate ridge connecting low supraocular tubercle with inferior occipital corner. Pronotum with low and blunt lateral tubercle, midpronotal tubercle obsolete. Scutum with only shallowly impressed Mayrian furrows. Paraptera postero-laterally strongly and acutely dentate, teeth facing caudad. Scutellar teeth longer than their width at base. Epinotal teeth minute to nearly obsolete. Postpetiole not strikingly transverse, middorsal longitudinal impression shallow. Tergum I of gaster lacking lateral and mesial paired longitudinal ridges. Appressed hairs minute and highly inconspicuous.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="817600948446D6C2BB58F81F2DD41414" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="C33FDE1ED429DAF9AA57B4E2FF73861C" pageNumber="24">Distribution. - This species ranges from Trinidad over the Guianas through the Amazon river valley to the Beni river valley in western Bolivia.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2BDE216AB23696F2269567F0042DEBF9" pageNumber="24">
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Specimens examined: British Guiana: Kartabo (W. M. Wheeler) 2 workers, 1 female (lectotype and paratypes of
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<taxonomicName id="09FA1FECA1D26CFB32E92F60556FF538" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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) (MCZ); Camaria, 1 worker (paratype) (MCZ); Oronoque River (N. A. Weber) 1 worker, 1 female (NAW); Forest Settlement, Mazaruni River (N. A. Weber) 2 workers (WWK). - Brazil, Amazonas State: Manaus (K. Lenko) several nest series with many workers, several females and males (DZSP, WWK), Benjamim Constant (K. Lenko) 1 nest series with many workers and 1 female (DZSP, WWK). - Bolivia: Covendo (W. M. Mann) 1 worker (WWK); Ivon, Beni River (W. M. Mann) 3 workers (WWK); Lower Madidi River (W. M. Mann) 1 worker (syntype of
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<taxonomicName id="DF81BFF21F5A82FF2ADDBA778C8028F2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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) (NAW).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BC49890966096017B3E56675A3AC7F7A" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="B2A02D01AC44EDBEC833E1F3E286E1A2" pageNumber="24">
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Discussion. - It was shown above that the typical
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<taxonomicName id="1C064F01AA6C3197AAED3FDEF19A12E8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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is identical with the race later described by Weber as
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<taxonomicName id="CBE1CC9F556098CA73CFF437A3C2B13F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228986" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex tumulus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumulus">tumulus</taxonomicName>
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. It remains here to decide the fate of the other forms hitherto recognized in the tightly knit complex: "
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<taxonomicName id="3C497F01AD83D5F4EE3DBA78F0EDB9C8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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" (of authors, not of Emery),
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<taxonomicName id="A8E5E87A3032D90FBC896DA7B9A1D7AA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="F7D6E3C00303058D75D5361A3CDD3757" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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, neatly differentiated in Weber's (1940: 413) key. From the material which I was able to gather, I reached the conclusion that they are not separable, but constitute a single species, that takes the oldest available name viz.
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<taxonomicName id="F1D0D77EAD795E0345ABF214F6DEEDE2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9193C4E388601FDF87B5331D41997B45" lastPageNumber="25" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="D9D2FA6E385D1DE3EEB28296B1F15F84" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">C. faunulus</taxonomicName>
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was thought to be a rather small race of what had wrongly been taken as the typical
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<taxonomicName id="F8204354871561431D3C8A2D1458CEFB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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. The type series of the former is indeed on the lower range of the measurements for the species in the presently accepted sense, but this alone is not significant. The additional character given by Weber (1940: 413), viz. length-width proportion of the postpetiole (
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<taxonomicName id="E740AD967ABBF3CA9F452D2D1A53A3F8" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="6C121963762A8B5A73F22AC69FE8E283" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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with the postpetiole broader than long, "
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<taxonomicName id="77821F2BCB1773D66AAB31D9BD2DD611" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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" with the postpetiole as long as broad), likewise does not seem to work. Moreover,
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<taxonomicName id="4D7226EFF20C307DBAADB8250198DE6A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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workers, as Weber (1938: 188) himself confesses, "are unsatisfactorily separated from the typical form" (= "
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<taxonomicName id="99DF1A30FE59850F00C82380D852D3F0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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"), the scape character given in his key (1940; 413) both contradicts the original description and a syntype specimen. The female of
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<taxonomicName id="987756114A72354CC8E3AF867C422950" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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, which unfortunately I did not see, is surely more distinct by its broader petiole and postpetiole. However, the evidence is not enough for recognizing a discrete form and 1 rather place
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<taxonomicName id="8558ABD14CD2E406D34158162EF60B38" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatus">petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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into synonymy of
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<taxonomicName id="0C13AC929A481EC86A74A5AB57982B2D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A9D3BD7C5AB8E3175F0878806EC22271" pageNumber="25">
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Variation. - Besides the differences in the female caste, as given for the
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<taxonomicName id="37C5B12BB5542A3C7DDB2F92DC5699FA" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:228969" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus petiolatus Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="faunulus" subSpecies="petiolatus">race petiolatus</taxonomicName>
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, 1 have an even more striking variant from Manaus (DZSP n. 2198) which shows both in the worker and in the female caste a conspicuous pair of gibbosities on the anterior third of tergum 1 of gaster. This nest series agrees however with all other essential features of
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<taxonomicName id="12A9E37BF94948AB962FC86D2C3EA484" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E6AD27F4710ECDDA404EF86631470A5C" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="D62B808FC4FED26CF6A963325C3BF135" pageNumber="25">
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Bionomics. - Following is a brief digest of observations on
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<taxonomicName id="EB59EFD193525F135FB636F548A39538" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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bq Wheeler (1925: 45) and Weber (1946: 124-126), and on "
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<taxonomicName id="1232BE8920ACDD82CE1CEDA1CA3CF299" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28518" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bigibbosus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bigibbosus">bigibbosus</taxonomicName>
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" (=
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<taxonomicName id="874D16E607FD7C155BA6EDCB3A139A73" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">faunulus</taxonomicName>
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!) by Weber (1945: 14-16; 1946: 122-124), made in British Guiana and Trinidad.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F5A4DBE20DB5B3CD2AA53CE40BE21796" pageNumber="25">
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<taxonomicName id="B68F0156FBA1DCC1A5F598D06F829329" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">C. faunulus</taxonomicName>
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is a rain-forest species. Its colonies are small, and the nests are usually found in rotted wood, but also in tangles of epiphyticroots, abandoned termite mounds and in the soil (clay stratum of an
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<taxonomicName id="57014E5B612EFE1EF8A6725B71521356" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2366" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Atta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Atta Fabricius" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Atta</taxonomicName>
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mound!). The cavity size is variable, the volume varying approximately between 5-50 cc. The fungus garden is either sessile with lateral attachments to the wall, or pendant. The substrate consists of insect excrements, vegetable debris, seeds, woody fibers; it often includes parts of skeleton of ants (Ponerinae, Cephalotini), presumably used as framework. The bromatia are variable in aspect, their consistency transitional between those of
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<taxonomicName id="16EEC70B3D2FE6C51264A57C3E910109" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2397" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Trachymyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Trachymyrmex Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Trachymyrmex</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="57EC3A8FD60BDB70CD8E0C6F72A6E1C9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">C. rimosus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3003B27C456867790C044AA29268729F" pageNumber="25">
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In captivity,
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<taxonomicName id="95B4C0937C461D26DFA36C721A4E9117" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28525" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex faunulus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="faunulus">C. faunulus</taxonomicName>
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specimens rejected dry chemical food such as hemoglobin, blood fibrin, egg albumen, dextrin, gelatin, peptose, maltose, diastase, but accepted bromatia from
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<taxonomicName id="DA36E7C3C48D5297138138C6C49E9F50" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">C. rimosus</taxonomicName>
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gardens grown on farine. Workers also lapped up eagerly the body juices of a crushed mosquito. They feign death when disturbed. Among inquilines have been registered a small milliped and an attophilous thysanuran.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="894695610F020F7ACF6B35FECB9658F7" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="F2CEA0B94D0265F52A717F7D33240855" pageNumber="25">Note. - The figures of the worker have been made from a very large worker taken by Mann at Covendo, Bolivia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |