221 lines
30 KiB
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221 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="86211F0852368129A05351B2FCB4DB5E">Ixodidae (Acari: Ixodoidea): descriptions and redescriptions of all known species from 1758 to December 31, 2019</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A33F608CE336A9B772EB3F511ABAEA74">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C9D49EB148993D33F47570F8BCFEA2D4">Petney, Trevor N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D86FBECB5FAE01C72E6976E31D2A829A">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="886BA5183EEDEC88E5C561BD8F74C1CB">
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<mods:date id="61039FEC70CF97E33B921E1B9942DCCB">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CD115CCAE01CCB44ECF0C56C6141C260">2020-11-05</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FF41E50D974B84A5A78E088FAE61373F">4871</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C04787D4FFFDFFD6FF07FF3166A3C81A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4576148" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179989740" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4576148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C04787D4FFFDFFD6FF07FF3166A3C81A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C04787D4FFFDFFD6FF07FF3166A3C81A" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFFDFFD6FF07FF31675FCBF6" box="[151,540,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FF31675FCBF6" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,540,150,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FF3165F9CBF7" bold="true" box="[151,186,150,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">51.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FF57FF31675BCBF6" ID-CoL="3QGBR" authority="Packard, 1869" authorityName="Packard" authorityYear="1869" box="[199,536,150,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cookei">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF57FF31642BCBF6" bold="true" box="[199,360,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ixodes cookei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FEE2FF30675BCBF6" author="Packard, A. S." box="[370,536,151,177]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="56 - 69" refId="ref236633" refString="Packard, A. S. (1869) Report of the curator of Articulata. First Annual Report of the Trustees of the Peabody Academy of Sciences, pp. 56 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1869">Packard, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFFDFFD6FDB4FF306651CA5A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FDB4FF306651CA5A" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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A Nearctic species with a record from the Neotropical part of
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<collectingCountry id="30F97652FFFDFFD6FB69FF306012CBF6" box="[1273,1361,151,177]" name="Mexico" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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, all of whose parasitic stages have been found on
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FD14FF1C67BECB92" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[644,765,187,213]" class="Mammalia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="class">Mammalia</taxonomicName>
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(several orders), especially small and medium-sized mammals. Nymphs have occasionally been collected from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FD7BFF78663FCBBE" authorityName="Wagler" authorityYear="1830" box="[747,892,223,249]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Strigiformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FC14FF7866AFCBBE" box="[900,1004,223,249]" class="Aves" family="Strigidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Strigiformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Strigidae</taxonomicName>
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, and larvae from
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FB3AFF78600FCBBE" box="[1194,1356,223,249]" class="Aves" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Passeriformes</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FAC5FF786582CA5A" class="Aves" family="Mimidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Mimidae</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FF5CFEA46426CA5A" authorityName="Packard" authorityYear="1869" box="[204,357,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cookei">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF5CFEA46426CA5A" box="[204,357,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ixodes cookei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is a very frequent parasite of humans.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00F46549FFFDFFD6FF07FE8066A3C81A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FE80641ACA06" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,345,295,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FE8065F8CA06" bold="true" box="[151,187,295,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF52FE80641ACA06" author="Banks, N." box="[194,345,295,321]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FEEC6427CA21" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,356,331,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FEEC65F1CA22" bold="true" box="[151,178,331,357]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF29FEEC6427CA21" author="Packard, A. S." box="[185,356,331,358]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="56 - 69" refId="ref236633" refString="Packard, A. S. (1869) Report of the curator of Articulata. First Annual Report of the Trustees of the Peabody Academy of Sciences, pp. 56 - 69." type="book chapter" year="1869">Packard (1869)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FEC86410CACE" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,339,367,393]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FEC865F6CACE" bold="true" box="[151,181,367,393]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF2CFEC86410CACE" author="Banks, N." box="[188,339,367,393]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FE346411CAEA" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,338,403,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FE3465F0CAEA" bold="true" box="[151,179,403,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">L:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF2AFE346411CAEA" author="Banks, N." box="[186,338,403,429]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FE11640BCA97" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" box="[151,328,438,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FE11640BCA97" bold="true" box="[151,328,438,464]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Redescriptions</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FE7C65A1C95D" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FE7C65F8CAB2" bold="true" box="[151,187,475,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FF53FE7C64D2CAB2" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[195,401,475,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF53FE7C64D2CAB2" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[195,401,475,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref233909" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1911 a) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, 26, 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22339" type="journal article" year="1911">Neumann (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FE0EFE7C6711CAB2" author="Gregson, J. D." box="[414,594,474,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref204224" refString="Gregson, J. D. (1956) The Ixodoidea of Canada. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division Publication 930. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division. Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 92 pp." type="book" year="1956">Gregson (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FDF0FE7C66DCCAB2" author="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M." box="[608,927,475,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 149" refId="ref217945" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Clifford, C. M. (1978) The genus Ixodes in the United States: a scanning electron microscope study and key to adults. Journal of Medical Entomology, Supplement 2, 1 - 149. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 15. suppl 2.1" type="journal article" year="1978">Keirans and Clifford (1978)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FC3DFE7C61A1CAB2" author="Keirans, J. E. & Litwak, T. R." box="[941,1250,475,501]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="435 - 448" refId="ref218557" refString="Keirans, J. E. & Litwak, T. R. (1989) Pictorial key to the adults of hard ticks, family Ixodidae (Ixodida: Ixodoidea), east of the Mississippi River. Journal of Medical Entomology, 26, 435 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 26.5.435" type="journal article" year="1989">Keirans and Litwak (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FB7FFE7C65A1C95D" author="Lindquist, E. E. & Galloway, T. D. & Artsob, H. & Lindsay, L. R. & Drebot, M. & Wood, H. & Robbins, R. G." pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref226285" refString="Lindquist, E. E., Galloway, T. D., Artsob, H., Lindsay, L. R., Drebot, M., Wood, H. & Robbins, R. G. (2016) A Handbook to the Ticks of Canada (Ixodida: Ixodidae, Argasidae). Biological Survey of Canada Monograph Series No. 7. Biological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, 317 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.3752 / 9780968932186" type="book" year="2016">
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Lindquist
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FAF3FE7C60DECAB2" box="[1379,1437,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
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(2016)
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</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FD84666BC925" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FD8465F1C97A" bold="true" box="[151,178,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">F:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF2AFD846416C97A" author="Banks, N." box="[186,341,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FEF3FD846773C97A" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[355,560,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FEF3FD846773C97A" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[355,560,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref233909" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1911 a) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, 26, 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22339" type="journal article" year="1911">Neumann (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FDAEFD8467B1C97A" author="Gregson, J. D." box="[574,754,546,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref204224" refString="Gregson, J. D. (1956) The Ixodoidea of Canada. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division Publication 930. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division. Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 92 pp." type="book" year="1956">Gregson (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FD6FFD846682C97A" author="Lancaster, J. L." box="[767,961,547,573]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref225182" refString="Lancaster, J. L. (1973) A guide to the ticks of Arkansas. Bulletin of the Agricultural Experimental Station, University of Arkansas, 779, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1973">Lancaster (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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Lindquist
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FDCC65F6C9C2" bold="true" box="[151,181,619,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">N:</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF2CFDCC642DC9C2" author="Gregson, J. D." box="[188,366,618,645]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref204224" refString="Gregson, J. D. (1956) The Ixodoidea of Canada. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division Publication 930. Canada Department Agriculture, Science Service, Entomological Division. Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 92 pp." type="book" year="1956">Gregson (1956)</bibRefCitation>
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Lindquist
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FD2865F0C9EE" bold="true" box="[151,179,655,681]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">L:</emphasis>
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Clifford
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FE6AFD286771C9EE" box="[506,562,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al.</emphasis>
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(1961)
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FC40FD286106C9EE" author="Ko, R. C." box="[976,1093,655,681]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="245 - 248" refId="ref220793" refString="Ko, R. C. (1973) The larva of Ixodes cookei (Acarina: Ixodidae). Canadian Entomologist, 105, 245 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 105245 - 2" type="journal article" year="1973">Ko (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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Lindquist
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="485136C2FFFDFFD6FF07FD7066A3C81A" blockId="20.[151,1437,150,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF07FD70659BC9B6" bold="true" box="[151,216,727,753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Note:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FF71FD70670FC9B6" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1901" box="[225,588,727,753]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hexagonus" subSpecies="longispinosus">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FF71FD70670FC9B6" box="[225,588,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ixodes hexagonus longispinosus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was described in
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FC89FD706698C9B6" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[793,987,727,753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FC89FD706698C9B6" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[793,987,727,753]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref233349" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, based on collections of males, females and a nymph. This tick is a synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FDC4FD5C67AFC852" authorityName="Packard" authorityYear="1869" box="[596,748,763,789]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cookei">
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FDC4FD5C67AFC852" box="[596,748,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ixodes cookei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, as stated in
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FCECFD5C6106C852" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[892,1093,763,789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FCECFD5C6106C852" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[892,1093,763,789]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 169" refId="ref233909" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1911 a) Ixodidae. Das Tierreich, 26, 1 - 169. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 22339" type="journal article" year="1911">Neumann (1911a)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and others, but the description in
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FF25FCB86437C87E" authority="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins, 2020" authorityName="Guglielmone & Petney & Robbins" authorityYear="2020" box="[181,372,799,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="289" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF25FCB86437C87E" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[181,372,799,825]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="249 - 372" refId="ref233349" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1901) Revision de la famille des ixodides (4 e memoire). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 14, 249 - 372." type="journal article" year="1901">Neumann (1901)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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is brief and does not state which tick stage was being described; therefore, the descriptions in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2C7F4B33FFFDFFD6FF07FCE4646CC81A" author="Banks, N." box="[151,303,835,861]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" refId="ref185264" refString="Banks, N. (1908) A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks of the United States. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Technical Series 15. United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C., 61 pp." type="book" year="1908">Banks (1908)</bibRefCitation>
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have been selected for the male and nymph of
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<emphasis id="7A9AEAD0FFFDFFD6FCD0FCE466A3C81A" box="[832,992,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName id="8FEE4D41FFFDFFD6FCD0FCE4669EC81A" authorityName="Packard" authorityYear="1869" box="[832,989,835,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Ixodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cookei">Ixodes cookei</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |